CN211123503U - Optical assembly, emission unit, sensing module and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an optical assembly, it includes first modulation component and second modulation component, first modulation component and second modulation component interconnect, second modulation component is used for rearranging the light field of the light that sees through according to predetermineeing the rule, first modulation component includes first electrode, second electrode and sets up the modulation layer between first electrode and second electrode, first electrode and second electrode are used for right the electric field is applyed to the modulation layer, the modulation layer can be along with the electric field intensity change of electric field is converted at least between transparent state and scattering state, first modulation component is used for carrying out remodulation to the light that sees through second modulation component.

Description

Optical assembly, emission unit, sensing module and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of optics, especially, relate to an optical assembly, transmitting element, sensing module and electronic equipment.

Background

In the conventional Three Dimensional (3D) sensor module, a laser with concentrated emission energy is generally used as a light source to project a sensing light pattern, so that once an optical element arranged on a light emitting side of the light source to form structured detection light is damaged, high-energy laser light is directly irradiated onto eyes of a user to cause damage.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that an optical assembly, emission unit, sensing module and electronic equipment are in order to solve above-mentioned technical problem are provided.

An embodiment of the utility model provides an optical assembly, it includes first modulation component and second modulation component, first modulation component and second modulation component interconnect, second modulation component is used for rearranging the light field of the light that sees through according to preset rule, first modulation component includes first electrode, second electrode and sets up the layer of modulating between first electrode and second electrode, first electrode and second electrode are used for right the electric field is applyed to the layer of modulating, the layer of modulating can be along with the electric field intensity change of electric field is converted at least between transparent state and scattering state, first modulation component is used for carrying out remodulation to the light that sees through second modulation component.

In some embodiments, the second modulating element is directly fixedly connected or indirectly connected to the first modulating element.

In some embodiments, the second modulating element is attached to the first modulating element.

In some embodiments, the modulation layer is selected from any one of a regular polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, a trans polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, a polymer network liquid crystal layer, and a bistable cholesteric liquid crystal layer.

In some embodiments, when the modulation layer of the first modulation element is in a transparent state, the haze of light transmitted through the first modulation element is less than or equal to 10%.

In some embodiments, the haze of the light transmitted through the first modulation element is greater than or equal to 70% when the modulation layer of the first modulation element is in a scattering state.

In some embodiments, the second modulating element is a diffractive optical element.

The embodiment of the present invention further provides an emitting unit, which includes a detection processor and an optical assembly as described in any of the above embodiments. The detection processor is respectively connected with the first electrode and the second electrode, and is used for detecting the electrical property value of the first modulation element through the first electrode and the second electrode and judging whether the optical component is damaged or not according to the detected electrical property value of the first modulation element.

In some embodiments, the electrical characteristic value of the first modulating element comprises a resistance value and/or a capacitance value.

In some embodiments, the detection processor is a comparison circuit for comparing the measured electrical property value of the first modulation element with a preset standard value and determining whether the first modulation element is intact according to the comparison result.

In some embodiments, the preset standard value is a capacitance value measured when the first modulation element is intact, and if a difference between the capacitance value of the first modulation element and the preset standard value exceeds a preset error range, the detection processor determines that the optical component is damaged.

In some embodiments, the lighting device further comprises a light source for emitting detection light, the light source is connected with the detection processor, and the detection processor turns off the light source when the first modulation element is judged to be damaged.

In some embodiments, the liquid crystal display device further comprises a base, wherein the base is provided with a plurality of layers of step-shaped accommodating grooves, each accommodating groove comprises a bottom surface, each bottom surface comprises a communicating part located in the middle and a supporting part surrounding the periphery of the communicating part, the accommodating groove located in the upper layer is provided with an accommodating groove located in the lower layer downwards in the region where the communicating part of the bottom surface is located, the communicating part of the accommodating groove in the upper layer is hollowed to form an opening of the accommodating groove in the lower layer, and the first modulation element is fixedly connected to the supporting part on the bottom surface of the accommodating groove in one layer.

In some embodiments, the second modulating element is directly connected to the first modulating element, and the second modulating element is not directly connected to the base.

In some embodiments, the second modulation element and the first modulation element are respectively fixedly connected to the support parts on the bottom surfaces of the two accommodating grooves of different layers, and the second modulation element is not directly connected with the first modulation element.

In some embodiments, further comprising a light source, the second modulating element being disposed opposite the light source, the first modulation element is arranged on one side of the second modulation element, which is opposite to the light source, the original light emitted by the light source is the speckle light capable of projecting the preset light spot pattern, the original light rays are projected through the second modulation element and the first modulation element in sequence, when the emission unit needs to project the structured light rays, the modulation layer of the first modulation element is converted into a transparent state, the original light is modulated into structured light by the second modulation element and then is projected through the modulation layer in the transparent state, when the emission unit needs to project floodlight, the modulation layer of the first modulation element is converted into a scattering state, the light is modulated into structured light by the second modulation element, and then is scattered into floodlight to be projected when passing through the modulation layer in a scattering state; or, the light source is also included, the first modulation element is arranged opposite to the light source, the second modulation element is arranged on the side of the first modulation element opposite to the light source, the original light emitted by the light source is speckle light capable of projecting a preset light spot pattern, the original light is projected by the first modulation element and the second modulation element in sequence, when the emission unit needs to project the structured light rays, the modulation layer of the first modulation element is converted into a transparent state, the original light passes through the modulation layer in the transparent state and is modulated into structured light by the second modulation element for projection, when the emission unit needs to project floodlight, the modulation layer of the first modulation element is converted into a scattering state, the original light is scattered into floodlight when passing through the modulation layer in the scattering state, and the floodlight is still floodlight after being modulated by the second modulation element and then projected.

The embodiment of the present invention further provides a sensing module, which includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit as described above in any one of the embodiments. The receiving unit is used for acquiring an image of the sensing light pattern projected on the target object by the transmitting unit for sensing.

In some embodiments, when the transmitting unit projects the floodlight to the target object, the receiving unit is configured to obtain a floodlight pattern of the target object, and the floodlight pattern is used for identifying whether the target object is a preset object type.

In some embodiments, when the emitting unit projects the structured light rays to the target object, the receiving unit is configured to acquire a structured light pattern projected on the target object, and the structured light pattern is configured to sense three-dimensional information of the target object.

The embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, which includes the sensing module according to any one of the above embodiments. The electronic equipment executes corresponding functions according to the three-dimensional information of the target object sensed by the sensing module.

The utility model discloses the electrical property value that the structure that the intermediate clamp of emission unit, sensing module and electronic equipment provided utilized among the first modulating element had first electrode and second electrode to establish the modulation layer detects first modulating element, and the electrical property value of first modulating element through comparing the electricity value of the first modulating element who records and the standard electrical property value when first modulating element is intact come conveniently to detect whether first modulating element is damaged to prevent that the light source sent from the damage department from directly shining user's eyes and the injury that probably causes.

Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of embodiments of the invention.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of the transmitting unit shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a projection light path of the emission unit shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of the optical path diagram of the first modulating element of fig. 3 in a diffusely transparent state.

Fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of the optical path diagram of the first modulating element of fig. 3 in the transparent state.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first modulation element and the conversion controller and the detection processor in FIG. 2.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the transmitting unit shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting unit according to a modified embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting unit according to another modified embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any order or number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; either mechanically or electrically or in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship or combination of two or more elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, only the components and settings of a specific example are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, which are intended in order to facilitate and clarify the invention, and in no event is it intended that any particular relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed herein be so repeated. In addition, the various specific processes and materials provided in the following description of the present invention are only examples for implementing the technical solution of the present invention, but one of ordinary skill in the art should recognize that the technical solution of the present invention can also be implemented by other processes and/or other materials not described below.

Further, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the invention may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other structures, components, and so forth. In other instances, well-known structures or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an electronic device 1, for example: mobile phones, notebook computers, tablet computers, touch interactive screens, doors, vehicles, robots, automatic numerical control machines, and the like. The electronic device 1 includes a sensing module 2, and the sensing module 2 is used for sensing a target object. The electronic device 1 can correspondingly execute corresponding functions according to the sensing result of the sensing module 2. The corresponding functions include but are not limited to operations of unlocking, paying, starting a preset application program and the like after the identity of the target object is recognized, or obstacle avoidance is carried out according to a sensing result, or any one or more combinations of emotion and health conditions of the target object are judged by using a deep learning technology after the facial expression of the target object is recognized. In this embodiment, the sensing module 2 is a three-dimensional face recognition module capable of sensing three-dimensional information of the surface of the target object and recognizing the identity of the target object accordingly.

The sensing module 2 includes a transmitting unit 20 and a receiving unit 22. The emitting unit 20 is configured to emit sensing light onto a target object to project a preset sensing light pattern on the target object. The receiving unit 22 is used for receiving the sensing light reflected by the target object or emitted by the target object to perform related sensing. It can be understood that, after the sensing light emitted by the emitting unit 20 is projected onto the target object, a part of the sensing light is directly reflected by the target object and returns, and another part of the sensing light enters the target object, propagates through a section of diffuse reflection, and then is emitted from the surface of the external object and returns. The sensing light can be used to sense a biometric characteristic of a target object. For example: the receiving unit 22 receives the reflected sensing light to acquire an image of the sensing light pattern projected on the target object, and the image of the sensing light pattern can be used for sensing three-dimensional information of the surface of the target object. Alternatively, the sensing light emitted after entering the target object is received by the receiving unit 22 may be used to sense fingerprint information of the target object or other biometric values of the target object, such as: heart rate, pulse, etc.

The sensing light emitted by the emitting unit 20 includes a flood light and a structured light. The floodlight is light with light intensity uniformly and highly diffused in all directions. The flood light is projected onto the target object to form a flood image of the target object. The floodlight image is a two-dimensional plane image, and the characteristic points of the target object can be obtained by analyzing the floodlight image. The obtained characteristic points of the floodlight image can be used for judging whether the target object is a preset object type of interest, such as: a human face, etc.

The structured light ray is a light ray subjected to structured coding, and the light field intensity of the structured light ray has preset spatial distribution. For example: light and dark alternate stripe light or irregularly arranged point-shaped light spots. The structured light rays project a preset sensing light pattern on the target object. The preset sensing light pattern may be used to sense three-dimensional information of the target object. The three-dimensional information includes, but is not limited to, depth information of a surface of a target object, position information of the target object in space, size information of the target object, and the like. The sensed three-dimensional information of the target object may be used to identify the identity of the target object or to construct a three-dimensional model of the target object. In this embodiment, the structured light ray is a speckle structured light ray.

The flood light and the structured light may be emitted by the same emission unit 20. The emission unit 20 emits the flood light and the structured light at different periods of time, respectively. In this embodiment, the sensing light is infrared or near-infrared light, and the wavelength range is 750 nm (Nanometer) to 2000 nm.

As shown in fig. 2, the receiving unit 22 includes, but is not limited to, a lens 220, an image sensor 222, and an image analysis processor 223. The lens 220 focuses the returning sensing light rays on the image sensor 222 to acquire an image of the sensing light pattern projected onto the target object. The image analysis processor 223 analyzes the acquired image of the sensing light pattern to sense three-dimensional information of the target object.

It is understood that in other modified embodiments, the optical elements in the lens 220 may be integrated in the image sensor 222 so as to omit the lens 220, such as: a mini-lens group is disposed above the photosensitive pixels of the image sensor 222 for in-focus imaging. The image analysis processor 223 can be disposed in the sensing module 2, and also can be disposed at other positions of the electronic device 1, and the present invention does not limit this.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the Emitting unit 20 includes a light source 200 and an optical component 201, the light source 200 is used for Emitting original light, the light source 200 includes a semiconductor substrate 120 and a plurality of light emitters 122 formed on the semiconductor substrate 120, the light emitters 122 may be any one of or a combination of Vertical Cavity surface Emitting lasers (VCSE L), light Emitting diodes (L light Emitting diodes, L ED) and laser diodes (L laser diodes, L D), the light emitters 122 are distributed on the semiconductor substrate 120 according to a predetermined arrangement pattern, and sensing light emitted from the light source 200 has a spatial light field distribution corresponding to the arrangement pattern of the light emitters 122.

The optical assembly 201 is used for modulating the original light emitted from the light source 200 into structured light or floodlight to be projected to a target object. The optical assembly 201 comprises a second modulating element 202 and a first modulating element 204. The second modulation element 202 and the first modulation element 204 are disposed on the exit light path of the light source 200. The second modulation element 202 is used to rearrange the light field of the original light according to a predetermined rule. The arrangement method includes, but is not limited to, duplicating the spatial distribution of the incident original light rays for a plurality of times, and rearranging the duplicated spatial distribution of the original light rays according to a preset angle range. The second modulation element 202 is, for example, but not limited to, a Diffractive Optical Elements (DOE). In this embodiment, the original light emitted from the light source 200 is a speckle light capable of projecting a predetermined spot pattern. The original light may be modulated and modulated into structured light after passing through the second modulation element 202. The structured light ray is a speckle structured light ray.

As shown in fig. 4, the first modulation element 204 includes a first electrode 2040, a second electrode 2042 and a modulation layer 2044. The first electrode 2040 and the second electrode 2042 are disposed opposite to each other. The modulation layer 2044 is disposed between the first electrode 2040 and the second electrode 2042. The modulation layer 2044 is used for modulating light passing therethrough. The first and second electrodes 2040 and 2042 may be used to apply an electric field to the modulation layer 2044. The haze of the modulation layer 2044 for the transmitted light can be adjusted according to the intensity of the electric field, so that the modulation layer 2044 in the electric field can be switched at least between a transparent state and a scattering state.

The modulation layer 2044 may be a main Polymer Dispersion liquid Crystal layer (Polymer Dispersion L liquid Crystal, PD L C), a trans-PD L C layer, a Polymer Network liquid Crystal layer (Polymer Network L liquid Crystal, PN L C), or a bistable cholesteric liquid Crystal layer.

In this embodiment, the modulation layer 2044 is a regular PD L C layer, and includes a polymer matrix 2045 and liquid crystal molecules 2046 distributed in the internal gap of the polymer matrix 2045, and the liquid crystal molecules 2046 are in a disordered orientation state in the polymer matrix 2045 under the condition of no electric field applied, and have a significant scattering effect on light passing therethrough, so that the modulation layer 2044 is in a non-transparent scattering state.

As shown in fig. 5, the liquid crystal molecules 2046 in the modulation layer 2044 can be uniformly arranged along the electric field direction under the action of the predetermined electric field, and hardly interfere with the transmitted light, so that the transmitted light can pass through the modulation layer 2044 without distortion. At this time, the modulation layer 2044 is in a transparent state.

Therefore, by controlling the electric field applied to the modulation layer 2044 by the first electrode 2040 and the second electrode 2042, the modulation layer 2044 in the electric field can be made to be switchable at least between a transparent state and a scattering state.

In this embodiment, when the first modulation element 204 is in the transparent state, the haze of the transmitted light is low, for example: the haze is less than or equal to 10% when the light is transmitted through the first modulating member 204 substantially without distortion. The first modulation element 204 has a high haze for the transmitted light when in the scattering state, such as: the haze is greater than or equal to 70%, and the transmitted light is diffused into floodlight with uniform illumination all around.

Optionally, the first modulation element 204 may also have one or more intermediate states between the transparent state and the scattering state. The haze of the transmitted light when the first modulation element 204 is in the intermediate state is in a range of 10% to 70%.

The second modulation element 202 and the first modulation element 204 are sequentially arranged along a projection optical path, and the original light emitted by the light source 200 is modulated into sensing light by the second modulation element 202 and the first modulation element 204 sequentially and is projected onto a target object. If the first modulation element 204 is in a transparent state, the original light is modulated into a structured light by the second modulation element 202, and then the structured light can be projected onto the target object through the first modulation element 204 without distortion. If the first modulation element 204 is in a scattering state, the sensing light is modulated into the structured light by the second modulation element 202, and then is scattered to form a floodlight after passing through the first modulation element 204 and then is projected onto the target object.

As shown in fig. 4, the first modulation element 204 may further include an upper substrate 467 and a lower substrate 468 disposed opposite to each other. The upper substrate 467 and the lower substrate 468 are made of a light-transmitting material. The material of the upper substrate 467 and/or the lower substrate 468 may be, but is not limited to, any one or more of glass, Polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET). It is understood that the upper substrate 467 and the lower substrate 468 can be made of the same material or made of different materials, respectively, which is not limited by the present invention.

The modulation layer 2044 is disposed between the upper substrate 467 and the lower substrate 468 to form a sandwich-like structure. Because the upper substrate 467 and the lower substrate 468 have a protective effect on the modulation layer 2044 disposed therebetween, scratches on the modulation layer 2044 during use can be effectively reduced, so that the first modulation element 204 has better durability.

The first electrode 2040 and the second electrode 2042 may be disposed on the upper substrate 467 or the lower substrate 468, respectively. For example: if the first electrode 2040 is disposed on the upper substrate 467, the second electrode 2042 is correspondingly disposed on the lower substrate 468. If the first electrode 2040 is disposed on the lower substrate 468, the second electrode 2042 is correspondingly disposed on the upper substrate 467.

It is understood that the transmitting unit 20 may further comprise a conversion controller 205, as shown in fig. 2 and 6. The switching controller 205 is respectively connected to the first electrode 2040 and the second electrode 2042, and is configured to adjust an electric field intensity applied to the modulation layer 2044, so that the modulation layer 2044 can switch between at least a transparent state and a scattering state. For example: when the emitting unit 20 needs to project the structured light, the converting controller 205 applies an electric field with a preset electric field strength to the modulating layer 2044 through the first electrode 2040 and the second electrode 2042 to convert the modulating layer 2044 into a transparent state, and the structured light formed by modulating the sensing light by the second modulating element 202 can be projected onto the target object through the first modulating element 204 without distortion. When the emitting unit 20 needs to project floodlight, the converting controller 205 controls the first electrode 2040 and the second electrode 2042 not to apply an electric field to the modulating layer 2044, so as to convert the modulating layer 2044 into a non-transparent state, and the structured light formed by modulating the sensing light by the second modulating element 202 is scattered into floodlight to be projected onto the target object when passing through the first modulating element 204.

It is understood that in other modified embodiments, the emitting unit 20 may further include other optical elements, including but not limited to a collimating element, a beam expanding element, a focusing lens, and the like. The optical element is used for adjusting the sensing light rays, so that the propagation optical characteristics, such as diffusion angles and the like, of the sensing light rays meet preset requirements.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a transmitting unit 20, sensing module 2 and electronic equipment 1 through set up the first modulation component 204 that can change transparent state and non-transparent state on throwing the light path, realize that structured light throws the light path and floods the multiplexing of throwing the light path, have saved the component, have reduced the module cost, have simplified the module structure simultaneously, are favorable to the miniaturization of module.

As shown in fig. 2 and 6, the transmitting unit 20 further includes a detection processor 206. The detection processor 206 is connected to the first electrode 2040 and the second electrode 2042 of the first modulation element 204 respectively to form a detection loop. The detection processor 206 is configured to detect the electrical characteristic of the first modulation element 204 via the first electrode 2040 and the second electrode 2042, and determine whether the first modulation element 204 is intact according to the detected electrical characteristic of the first modulation element 204. The electrical characteristics of the first modulation element 204 include, but are not limited to, resistance and capacitance. Since the first modulation element 204 is a stable structure as a whole, the electrical characteristic of the first modulation element 204 should remain unchanged when the first modulation element 204 remains intact, and the value of the electrical characteristic of the first modulation element 204 measured by the detection processor 206 should be substantially the same stable value. If the first modulation element 204 is damaged, for example: the upper substrate 467 or the lower substrate 468 is broken, which may affect the conductivity of the first electrode 2040 or the second electrode 2042 disposed thereon, and the electrical characteristics of the first modulation element 204 measured in case of breakage may be significantly changed.

Taking the capacitance of the first modulation element 204 as an example, the first electrode 2040 or the second electrode 2042 may be damaged at the broken position, so that the area of the electrode capable of conducting effectively is reduced, and the capacitance of the first modulation element 204 is reduced accordingly according to the calculation formula of the capacitance. Therefore, if the capacitance value of the first modulation element 204 actually measured by the detection processor 206 is smaller than the capacitance value of the first modulation element 204 in the sound state, it indicates that the first modulation element 204 is broken. It will be appreciated that other damage conditions may also result in the actual measured capacitance being greater than the capacitance measured when the first modulating member 204 is in sound condition.

Therefore, the electrical characteristic value measured when the first modulation element 204 is intact is taken as a preset standard value, and a reasonable error range greater than and less than the standard value is preset at the same time, and if the difference between the electrical characteristic value of the first modulation element 204 measured by the detection processor 206 during actual use and the standard value exceeds the preset error range, the first modulation element 204 is considered to be in a damaged state. If the electrical characteristic value of the first modulation element 204 measured by the detection processor 206 during actual use is equal to the standard value or has a difference from the standard value within a preset error range, the first modulation element 204 is considered to be in a good condition. In the present embodiment, the error range may be 20% less than the standard value to 20% more than the standard value.

The electrical characteristic standard value of the first modulation element 204 can be calibrated before the first modulation element 204 is shipped. During use of the electronic device 1, the detection processor 206 detects the electrical characteristic of the first modulation element 204 through the first electrode 2040 and the second electrode 2042. The detection by the detection processor 206 may be performed before each activation of the light source 200 or after completion of the projection, or during operation of the emission unit 20. Because the detection processor 206 forms an independent detection loop with the first electrode 2040, the second electrode 2042 and the modulation layer 2044. In performing the detection, the detection processor 206 may apply a detection voltage to the modulation layer 2044 through the first electrode 2040 and the second electrode 2042 for detection, where the applied detection voltage may be different from a voltage applied by the conversion controller 205 for converting the state of the modulation layer 2044. It is understood that the detection processor 206 may not apply the detection voltage, but may use the voltage applied by the conversion controller 205 when maintaining the transparent state of the modulation layer 2044.

In this embodiment, the detection processor 206 may include a comparison circuit. The comparison circuit is configured to compare the measured electrical characteristic value of the first modulation element 204 with a preset standard value, and output a determination signal indicating that the first modulation element 204 is in a damaged state when a difference between the measured electrical characteristic value and the standard value exceeds a preset error range.

It will be appreciated that in other variations, the detection processor 206 may also implement the comparison and determination functions described above by executing a code program.

In this embodiment, the first modulation element 204 is disposed on a side of the second modulation element 202 facing away from the light source 200. That is, the first modulation element 204 is located at the outermost position of the entire transmission unit 20. The first modulating member 204 should be the most vulnerable component to damage when subjected to external impacts. Therefore, the detection processor 206 may also be connected to the light source 200 to turn off the light source 200 when the first modulation element 204 is detected to be in the damaged state, so as to prevent the light emitted from the light source 200 from directly irradiating the user's eyes after passing through the damaged second modulation element 202 and/or the first modulation element 204 to cause injury.

As shown in fig. 7, the transmitting unit 20 may further include a base 207. The base 207 is provided with a plurality of layers of step-shaped receiving grooves 208. In the two adjacent layers of the receiving grooves 208, the diameter of the receiving groove 208 located at the lower layer is smaller than the diameter of the receiving groove 208 located at the upper layer. The receiving groove 208 located at the lower layer is formed on a part of the bottom surface 2080 of the receiving groove 208 located at the upper layer. The bottom surface 2080 includes a support portion 2084 and a communication portion 2085. The communicating portion 2085 is located at a middle portion of the bottom surface 2080, and the support portion 2084 is located at a periphery of the communicating portion 2085 and is provided around the communicating portion 2085. The accommodating groove 208 located on the upper layer is provided with the accommodating groove 208 located on the lower layer downward in the area where the communicating portion 2085 of the bottom surface 2080 is located. Therefore, the communicating portion 2085 of the bottom surface 2080 is dug out to form the opening of the lower-layer housing groove 208.

For example: in this embodiment, the base 207 includes a first containing groove 2081, a second containing groove 2082, and a third containing groove 2083 sequentially formed from top to bottom. The second modulation element 202 is disposed in the second receiving groove 2082. The first modulation element 204 is disposed in the first receiving groove 2081. The light source 200 is disposed in the third receiving groove 2083. The second modulation element 202 is fixedly connected to the support portion 2084 on the bottom surface 2080 of the second accommodation groove 2082. The first modulation element 204 is fixedly connected to the supporting portion 2084 on the bottom surface 2080 of the first accommodation groove 2081. The first modulation element 204 is located closer to the outside of the transmission unit 20 than the second modulation element 202. Since the second modulation element 202 and the first modulation element 204 are respectively disposed in the second receiving groove 2082 and the first receiving groove 2081 of different layers, the second modulation element 202 and the first modulation element 204 are not directly connected.

It is understood that in other alternative embodiments, the second modulating element 202 is directly fixedly connected to the first modulating element 204, as shown in fig. 8. For example, the second modulation element 202 includes a light incident surface 2020 and a light emitting surface 2022, which are oppositely disposed. The second modulation element 202 is attached to the first modulation element 204 through the light-emitting surface 2022. The first modulation element 204 is disposed in the first containing groove 2081, and is fixedly connected to the supporting portion 2084 on the bottom surface 2080 of the first containing groove 2081. The second modulation element 202 is accommodated in the second accommodating groove 2082, however, the second modulation element 202 is directly connected to the bottom of the first modulation element 204 only, and is not directly connected to the base 207. Therefore, the second modulation element 202 and the first modulation element 204 as an integral structure are fixedly connected to a portion of the bottom surface 2080 of the first accommodation groove 2081 only through the first modulation element 204. External force impacts generated during use may first act directly on the first modulating member 204, making the first modulating member 204 more susceptible to damage prior to damage than the second modulating member 202.

It is understood that, as shown in fig. 9, the first modulation element 204 may also be disposed on the light incident side of the second modulation element 202. That is, the second modulation element 202 is located above the first modulation element 204, and the second modulation element 202 is attached to the first modulation element 204 through the light incident surface 2020.

The second modulation element 202 and the first modulation element 204 are accommodated in the first accommodation groove 2081 of the base 207 as an integral structure. The first modulation element 204 is fixedly connected to the supporting portion 2084 of the bottom surface 2080 of the first accommodation groove 2081. The second modulation element 202 is not directly connected to the base 207 but is supported in position only by means of a fixed connection to the first modulation element 204. Since the second modulation element 202 and the first modulation element 204 are connected to the first receiving groove 2081 of the base 207 as a whole only through the second modulation element 202, the external force impact generated during the use process directly acts on the portion of the first modulation element 204 connected to the first receiving groove 2081, and the first modulation element 204 is most easily damaged. Therefore, by detecting whether the first modulation element 204 is intact and turning off the light source 200 when the first modulation element 204 is detected to be in a damaged state, the light emitted by the light source 200 can be prevented from being directly emitted to the eyes of the user after passing through the damaged second modulation element 202 and/or the first modulation element 204 to cause injury.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the structure of the first electrode 2040 and the second electrode 2042 of the first modulation element 204, which are sandwiched between the modulation layer 2044, to detect the electrical property value of the first modulation element 204, and compares the measured electrical property value of the first modulation element 204 with the standard value of the first modulation element 204 when the first modulation element 204 is intact to conveniently detect whether the first modulation element 204 is damaged, so as to prevent the damage that may be caused by the light emitted from the light source 200 directly irradiating the eyes of the user through the damaged portion of the first modulation element 204.

In the description herein, references to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "certain embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (20)

1. An optical assembly, comprising: the light field of the transmitted light is rearranged according to a preset rule, the first modulation element comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a modulation layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode are used for applying an electric field to the modulation layer, the modulation layer can be switched at least between a transparent state and a scattering state along with the change of the electric field intensity of the electric field, and the first modulation element is used for modulating the light transmitted through the second modulation element again.

2. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the second modulating element is directly or indirectly connected to the first modulating element.

3. The optical assembly of claim 2, wherein the second modulating element is attached to the first modulating element.

4. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the modulation layer is selected from any one of a formal polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, a trans polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, a polymer network liquid crystal layer, and a bistable cholesteric liquid crystal layer.

5. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the modulation layer of the first modulation element has a haze of less than or equal to 10% for light transmitted through the first modulation element when in a transparent state.

6. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the modulation layer of the first modulation element has a haze of greater than or equal to 70% for light transmitted through the first modulation element when in a scattering state.

7. The optical assembly of claim 1 wherein the second modulating element is a diffractive optical element.

8. A transmitter unit comprising an optical assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and a detection processor, the detection processor being connected to the first electrode and the second electrode, respectively, the detection processor being configured to detect an electrical characteristic value of the first modulator element via the first electrode and the second electrode and to determine whether the optical assembly is broken based on the detected electrical characteristic value of the first modulator element.

9. The transmit unit of claim 8, wherein: the electrical property values of the first modulating element comprise resistance values and/or capacitance values.

10. The transmit unit of claim 8, wherein: the detection processor is a comparison circuit and is used for comparing the measured electrical property value of the first modulation element with a preset standard value and judging whether the first modulation element is damaged or not according to the comparison result.

11. The transmit unit of claim 10, wherein: the preset standard value is a capacitance value measured when the first modulation element is intact, and if the difference value between the capacitance value of the first modulation element and the preset standard value exceeds a preset error range, the detection processor judges that the optical component is damaged.

12. The transmit unit of any one of claims 8-11, wherein: the light source is used for emitting detection light and is connected with the detection processor, and the detection processor closes the light source when judging that the first modulation element is damaged.

13. The emitter unit according to any one of claims 8 to 11, further comprising a base, wherein the base is provided with a plurality of layers of step-shaped receiving grooves, the receiving grooves comprise bottom surfaces, the bottom surfaces comprise a communicating portion located in the middle portion and a supporting portion surrounding the communicating portion, the receiving groove located in the upper layer is provided with a receiving groove located in the lower layer downward in the region of the communicating portion located in the bottom surface, the communicating portion of the receiving groove located in the upper layer is hollowed out to form an opening of the receiving groove located in the lower layer, and the first modulation element is fixedly connected to the supporting portion on the bottom surface of the receiving groove located in one of the layers.

14. The transmit unit of claim 13, wherein the second modulation element is directly connected to the first modulation element, the second modulation element not being directly connected to the base.

15. The transmitter unit of claim 13, wherein the second modulation element and the first modulation element are respectively fixedly connected to the supporting portions on the bottom surfaces of the two receiving slots of different layers, and the second modulation element is not directly connected to the first modulation element.

16. The emission unit as claimed in claim 8, further comprising a light source for emitting original light, the second modulation element being disposed opposite to the light source, the first modulation element being disposed on a side of the second modulation element opposite to the light source, the original light emitted from the light source being speckle light capable of projecting a predetermined speckle pattern, the original light being projected sequentially through the second modulation element and the first modulation element, when the emission unit is required to project the structured light, the modulation layer of the first modulation element being converted into a transparent state, the original light being modulated into the structured light by the second modulation element and then projected through the modulation layer in the transparent state, when the emission unit is required to project the flood light, the modulation layer of the first modulation element being converted into a scattering state, the original light being modulated into the structured light by the second modulation element and then being scattered into the flood light when passing through the modulation layer in the scattering state To project, or

The light source is used for emitting original light, the first modulation element is arranged opposite to the light source, the second modulation element is arranged on one side of the first modulation element, which is opposite to the light source, the original light emitted by the light source is the speckle light capable of projecting a preset light spot pattern, the original light rays are projected through the first modulation element and the second modulation element in sequence, when the emission unit needs to project the structured light rays, the modulation layer piece of the first modulation element is converted into a transparent state, the original light passes through the modulation layer in the transparent state and is modulated into structured light by the second modulation element for projection, when the emission unit needs to project floodlight, the modulation layer of the first modulation element is converted into a scattering state, the original light is scattered into floodlight when passing through the modulation layer, and the floodlight is still floodlight after being modulated by the second modulation element and then projected.

17. A sensing module comprising a receiving unit and an emitting unit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the receiving unit is configured to acquire an image of the sensing light pattern projected on the target object by the emitting unit for sensing.

18. The sensing module of claim 17, wherein the receiving unit is configured to obtain a flood pattern of the target object when the transmitting unit projects flood light towards the target object, and the flood pattern is configured to identify whether the target object is of a preset object type.

19. The sensing module of claim 17, wherein the receiving unit is configured to acquire a structured light pattern projected on the target object when the emitting unit projects the structured light rays on the target object, and the structured light pattern is configured to sense three-dimensional information of the target object.

20. An electronic device, comprising the sensing module according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the electronic device executes a corresponding function according to the three-dimensional information of the target object sensed by the sensing module.

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