CN211121227U - Segment attitude deviation measuring device based on any angle - Google Patents
Segment attitude deviation measuring device based on any angle Download PDFInfo
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- CN211121227U CN211121227U CN202020073037.8U CN202020073037U CN211121227U CN 211121227 U CN211121227 U CN 211121227U CN 202020073037 U CN202020073037 U CN 202020073037U CN 211121227 U CN211121227 U CN 211121227U
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of tunnel structure quality detection, and discloses a segment attitude deviation measuring device based on any angle. The measuring scale comprises a measuring scale and reflecting prisms, wherein the measuring scale is provided with symmetrical reflecting prisms near two ends. The utility model discloses a set up two reflection prism and acquire two three-dimensional coordinate value basis on calculate tunnel actual center, make the utility model discloses can also accurately measure section of jurisdiction center when the slope.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a tunnel structure quality testing technique field, concretely relates to section of jurisdiction gesture deviation measuring device based on arbitrary angle.
Background
In the shield construction process of the tunnel, the shield machine is guided to tunnel by a full-automatic guide system, and irrecoverable quality accidents and economic losses can be caused once the guide system breaks down and the posture of the segment is deviated. The duct piece attitude deviation refers to the deviation between the center line of the duct piece and the design axis, and the duct piece attitude deviation needs to be controlled in the construction process and cannot exceed the range of the design and the national standard requirement. Therefore, in the actual construction process, the deviation between the center line of the segment and the design axis needs to be determined through manual measurement.
The applicant has retrieved the following prior art: the utility model discloses a china utility model, application number CN201620559509.4 discloses a short-term test shield tunnel section of jurisdiction gesture dipperstick, the dipperstick includes rectangle chi, level bar and total powerstation prism, level bar parallel mount is on the upper surface of rectangle chi, and its center pin is equipped with the prism pole with the center pin of rectangle chi on same straight line in rectangle chi below central part, the total powerstation prism is installed on the prism pole through the pivot to can be along 360 degrees rotations in the pivot.
The utility model discloses a though overcome traditional dipperstick and can only measure the mode of section of jurisdiction gesture in section of jurisdiction bottom, nevertheless still exist the dipperstick and must place the problem that the level could accurate measurement. In the practical application place of the measuring scale, the situation of the construction site is complicated and changeable, and sometimes the measuring scale is difficult to place and maintain horizontal, so that the site cannot be measured normally, partial measurement data can be lacked, and the comprehensive grasp of the quality situation of site construction is not facilitated.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problem that the center line of the segment and the deviation of the design center line can be measured only by placing the measuring scale on the measuring scale, the application provides a measuring device which can be used for randomly placing the center line of the segment and the deviation of the design center line.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
a segment attitude deviation measuring device based on any angle comprises a measuring scale and a reflecting prism; symmetrical reflecting prisms are arranged at the positions of the measuring scale, which are close to the two ends.
The reflecting prism and the horizontal bubble on the dipperstick of prior art, section of jurisdiction dipperstick are placed in the bottom of section of jurisdiction, adjust the horizontal bubble to the state placed in the middle, acquire reflecting prism's in the middle of the dipperstick three-dimensional coordinate through the total powerstation, compare with the design central line again, just can confirm the actual gesture of section of jurisdiction and the deviation between the design central line. However, in the prior art, the leveling bubble must be adjusted to ensure that the measuring scale is in a horizontal state during measurement, and in the practical application process, the situation that the measuring scale is difficult to adjust and maintain in a horizontal state occurs.
According to the scheme, the two reflecting prisms are arranged on the measuring scale, the three-dimensional coordinates of the two reflecting prisms are obtained through the total station, the inclination angle of the measuring scale can be calculated through the two three-dimensional coordinates, the central three-dimensional coordinate of the duct piece is calculated through the two coordinate values and the inclination angle value, and the deviation is obtained by comparing the central three-dimensional coordinate with the three-dimensional coordinate of the tunnel design center. This scheme increases a coordinate value for prior art and calculates section of jurisdiction center, has eliminated the dipperstick slope and has to the influence of calculated result, makes the dipperstick place into arbitrary angle and can both measure the center.
Further, be equipped with the mounting hole on the dipperstick, the mounting hole with reflection prism can dismantle the connection.
Due to the complex construction environment, in the process of using the measuring scale, the reflecting prism is easy to wear, so that the total station has errors when measuring the three-dimensional coordinates. In the tunnel construction process, a few millimeters of error causes a great increase in construction costs, and thus, the error should be controlled to a minimum. This scheme with reflection prism demountable installation on the dipperstick, reflection prism is changed in convenient to detach, avoids because the measuring error that reflection prism's wearing and tearing lead to.
It is worth mentioning that the detachable connection includes but is not limited to modes such as plug-in connection, clamping connection and threaded connection, and the reliability of connection between the reflection prism and the mounting hole is guaranteed while the detachable connection is realized, and the measured value is prevented from being inaccurate due to looseness of the reflection prism.
Further, the dipperstick includes the main scale and can dismantle left vice chi and the right vice chi of connecting in the main scale both ends.
The dipperstick adopts syllogic detachable construction, can select left vice chi and the right vice chi of installation different length according to section of jurisdiction diameter to adjustment dipperstick length. The measuring rule with different lengths can be used for measuring the same segment, and multiple groups of data are acquired to reduce errors. It should be noted that theoretically, the central coordinate of the duct piece can be calculated by only two three-dimensional coordinates, but in practical application, the calculation of the two three-dimensional coordinates with too close distance only represents the central value measured by a small part of the duct piece, which is not accurate enough relative to the whole duct piece, so that the length of the measuring scale cannot be too short, generally the length of the measuring scale is shorter than the diameter of the duct piece, and the measuring scale can be stably placed at the middle lower part or the bottom of the duct piece.
Furthermore, the left auxiliary ruler and the right auxiliary ruler are respectively hinged with the main ruler.
The left auxiliary ruler and the right auxiliary ruler are connected with the main ruler in a hinged mode, and when the measuring ruler is not used, the folding storage is convenient. It is worth to explain that the articulated mode is various, in this scheme, when the dipperstick expandes, should guarantee that left auxiliary ruler and right auxiliary ruler can fix and make the dipperstick whole keep straight state
Furthermore, an angle measuring instrument for detecting the inclination angle of the connecting line of the mounting holes at the two ends of the measuring scale is arranged on the measuring scale.
Furthermore, the dipperstick is sharp shaft-shaped structure, is equipped with on the dipperstick to be used for detecting the angular surveying appearance at dipperstick inclination.
Further, the angle measuring instrument is a horizontal bubble instrument or a digital display inclinometer.
Furthermore, a reflecting prism is arranged in the middle of the measuring scale.
When the measuring scale is placed in a horizontal state, the deviation between the measuring point and the center of the designed tunnel can be directly calculated through a reflecting prism in the middle of the measuring scale and a horizontal bubble instrument or a digital display inclinometer on the top surface of the measuring scale. Although the requirement on the levelness of the measuring scale is high by calculating the actual center of the tunnel through one coordinate point, the calculation is more convenient and quicker.
Furthermore, two ends of the measuring scale are provided with stoppers. The stop prevents the wearing and tearing at dipperstick both ends, especially the dipperstick both ends often with the position of section of jurisdiction contact, after long-time use, probably become slick and sly gradually, and make the dipperstick be difficult to place steadily. It is worth mentioning that the gauge can be placed on the duct piece more stably by selecting the stopper with proper material and shape.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the central coordinate of the duct piece is calculated through the two three-dimensional coordinate values, so that any angle can be adopted during measurement, and the inconvenience that the horizontal measurement is needed in the prior art is avoided.
(2) The dipperstick adopts the syllogic collapsible structure of dismantling, can adjust dipperstick length to have can fold and accomodate the dipperstick, increases the use convenience of dipperstick.
(3) The angle measuring instrument arranged on the measuring scale and the angle measuring instrument positioned in the middle enable the measuring scale to still use the traditional measuring method, the measuring scale can be quickly measured when being easily placed into a horizontal state, and the error can be reduced by simultaneously measuring and acquiring multiple groups of data through two measuring methods.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-measuring a ruler; 101-main scale; 102-left minor ruler; 103-right minor ruler; 2-an angle measuring instrument; 3-mounting holes; 4-stop head.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the application is used, the description is only for convenience and simplicity, and the indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description herein are only used for distinguishing between similar elements and are not intended to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like when used in the description of the present application do not require that the components be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1:
the segment attitude deviation measuring device based on any angle as shown in the attached figures 1-3 in the specification comprises a measuring scale 1 and a reflecting prism; the position that dipperstick 1 is close to both ends is equipped with mounting hole 3, can dismantle in the mounting hole 3 and be connected with reflection prism. The measuring scale 1 comprises a main scale 101, and a left auxiliary scale 102 and a right auxiliary scale 103 which are detachably connected to two ends of the main scale 101. The left sub-ruler 102 and the right sub-ruler 103 are respectively hinged with the main ruler 101.
The working principle is as follows:
during detection, the measuring scale 1 is placed in a tunnel duct piece, two ends of the measuring scale 1 are in surface contact with the duct piece, a total station is used for obtaining two three-dimensional coordinate values through reflecting prisms at two ends of the measuring scale 1, and the central three-dimensional coordinate of the duct piece is calculated through the two three-dimensional coordinate values, wherein the calculating method comprises the following steps:
firstly, obtaining the space coordinates of A, B at any two points on a tube sheet through a total station, calculating to obtain the coordinates of a space central point C, and establishing an XOY plane coordinate system by taking a U point as an origin; a projected line passing through A, B two points in the coordinate system
Azimuth angle, and projection point of the C-passing point on the coordinate system and perpendicular to the C-passing point
And finally, calculating the coordinate deviation amount of the actual center Q relative to the point C by combining the radius value of the designed duct piece and the azimuth angle of the central line D, thereby obtaining the deviation amount of the actual point Q relative to the point U.
It should be noted that the coordinate axes in the three-dimensional coordinate system are represented by X, Y, Z three letters according to the convention, but in the calculation of the present invention, X, Y, Z is not the coordinate axis direction conventionally represented in mathematics, but refers to any three axes perpendicular to each other. This embodiment can not only measure section of jurisdiction center when the dipperstick relative horizontal plane has the slope, when the dipperstick for with section of jurisdiction axis vertically vertical plane slope, also can calculate section of jurisdiction center. The specific reason is that in the calculation, the design center of the tunnel coplanar with the midpoint between the two reflecting prisms (the coplanar refers to the vertical plane perpendicular to the axis of the duct piece) is selected as a reference, so that the influence of the inclination of the two reflecting prisms relative to the vertical plane under the condition that the measuring scale is inclined is eliminated.
Due to the complex construction environment, in the process of using the measuring scale 1, the reflecting prism is easy to wear, so that the total station has errors when measuring the three-dimensional coordinates. In the tunnel construction process, a few millimeters of error causes a great increase in construction costs, and thus, the error should be controlled to a minimum. With reflection prism demountable installation on dipperstick 1 in this embodiment, convenient to detach changes reflection prism, avoids the measuring error who leads to because reflection prism's wearing and tearing.
It is noted that the detachable connection includes, but is not limited to, a plug-in connection, a snap-in connection, a screw connection, and the like. For example, the elastic piece in a loose state is arranged in the mounting hole 3, after the reflecting prism is mounted in the mounting hole 3, the elastic piece is in a tensioned state, and the reflecting prism is fixed by utilizing the elastic force of the elastic piece towards the axial direction of the mounting hole 3. The method enables the reflecting prism to be easily installed and detached, but the reflecting prism is easily loosened after the elastic sheet is deformed, so that measurement errors are caused. The threaded connection is most preferred in this embodiment, and is arranged in a manner such as: set up the internal thread on the inner wall of mounting hole 3, reflection prism's outer lane setting has the connecting piece of external screw thread, with reflection prism screw in to mounting hole 3, threaded connection is the detachable connection mode that sets up most often and easily, simultaneously in this embodiment, guarantees that reflection prism can not have a displacement of a little in mounting hole 3, and threaded connection is the most firm.
It should be noted that theoretically, the central coordinate of the duct piece can be calculated by only two three-dimensional coordinates, but in practical application, the calculation of the two three-dimensional coordinates with too close distance only represents the central value measured by a small part of the duct piece, which is not accurate enough relative to the whole duct piece, so that the length of the measuring ruler 1 cannot be too short, generally the length is shorter than the diameter of the duct piece, and the measuring ruler 1 can be stably placed at the middle lower part or the bottom of the duct piece.
The left sub ruler 102 and the right sub ruler 103 are connected with the main ruler 101 in a hinged mode, and when the measuring ruler 1 is not used, the folding storage is convenient. It should be noted that the manner of the hinge is various, and in this embodiment, the hinge is to enable the left sub ruler 102 and the right sub ruler 103 of the measuring scale 1 to be folded toward the main ruler 101, and when the measuring scale 1 is operated, the left sub ruler 102 and the right sub ruler 103 should be unfolded until the whole measuring scale 1 is kept straight. Thus, the articulation in this embodiment should ensure that the left sub-ruler 102 and the right sub-ruler 103 have a rotational movement of approximately 180 degrees about the hinge axis, and should be selected to provide a positive stop hinge that allows the left sub-ruler 102 and the right sub-ruler 103 to be fixed after deployment. Preferably, the left sub-scale 102 and the right sub-scale 103 are folded toward the front and rear sides of the main scale 101, respectively.
It should be noted that the measuring ruler in this embodiment may be made of a soft material or a rigid material, and since only two coordinate points need to be confirmed in this embodiment to measure the actual center of the tunnel, the material of the measuring ruler does not affect the three-dimensional coordinates of the reflecting prisms at the two ends thereof, and in the description of the present invention, the material of the measuring ruler is not specifically limited.
Example 2:
this example is optimized and defined based on example 1.
And the measuring scale 1 is provided with an angle measuring instrument 2 for detecting the inclination angle of the connecting line of the mounting holes 3 at the two ends of the measuring scale 1.
The inclination angle of the connecting line of the two mounting holes 3 at the two ends, namely the inclination angle of the connecting line of the two reflecting prisms, is directly measured by using an angle measuring instrument, so that the calculation steps are reduced.
Example 3:
in this embodiment, further optimization and limitation are performed on the basis of embodiment 1.
The dipperstick 1 is straight line shaft-like structure, is equipped with on the dipperstick 1 to be used for detecting angular surveying appearance 2 at dipperstick 1 inclination, angular surveying appearance 2 is horizontal bubble appearance or digital display inclinometer, dipperstick 1 intermediate position is equipped with reflection prism.
The working principle is as follows:
when the measuring scale 1 can be easily kept in a horizontal state, when the measuring scale 1 is determined to be in the horizontal state through the observation angle measuring instrument 2, the coordinate value of the middle reflecting prism is obtained through the total station, and the deviation between the measuring point and the design center of the tunnel is directly calculated. When the measuring scale 1 has only an inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane, the actual center of the tunnel can be calculated from the coordinate values of the intermediate reflection prism and the inclination angle value on the digital display inclinometer.
It should be noted that although the conventional measurement method requires that the measurement ruler be in a horizontal state, the calculation process of the conventional measurement method is simple, and the answer can be quickly obtained through manual calculation. Therefore, this embodiment makes the utility model discloses can measure section of jurisdiction center when the slope, can also use traditional measuring method simultaneously. Make the utility model discloses an application scene is more extensive.
Example 4:
the present embodiment is further optimized and defined based on the above embodiments. As shown in the attached figure 1 of the specification, two ends of the measuring scale 1 are provided with stoppers 4.
The parts of the two ends of the measuring scale 1, which are always contacted with the pipe piece, can become smooth gradually after being used for a long time, so that the measuring scale 1 is difficult to place stably. The stop 4 can prevent the wearing and tearing at dipperstick 1 both ends.
It should be noted that the stopper 4 may be made of any material such as alloy, synthetic organic material or synthetic inorganic material. For example, the stopper 4 of carbide material can make the both ends of dipperstick 1 difficult wearing and tearing, and rubber materials's stopper 4 can increase the frictional force on dipperstick 1 and section of jurisdiction surface when protecting dipperstick 4 both ends, improves the stability that dipperstick 1 placed.
It is worth to say that the stopper 4 can be set to a specific shape to improve the measuring scale, for example, the surface of the stopper 4 is adapted to the surface of the segment, so that the measuring scale 1 can be stably placed on the segment even if the measuring scale is inclined; for example, the two ends of the stopper 4 are matched with each other, and after the measuring scale 1 is folded, the two stoppers 4 are connected together, so that the measuring scale 1 is kept in a folded state after being folded.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a section of jurisdiction gesture deviation measuring device based on arbitrary angle, includes dipperstick (1) and reflecting prism, its characterized in that: symmetrical reflecting prisms are arranged at the positions, close to the two ends, of the measuring scale (1); the measuring scale (1) is provided with a mounting hole (3), and the mounting hole (3) is detachably connected with the reflecting prism; the measuring scale (1) comprises a main scale (101), a left auxiliary scale (102) and a right auxiliary scale (103), wherein the left auxiliary scale and the right auxiliary scale are detachably connected to two ends of the main scale (101).
2. The segment attitude deviation measuring device based on any angle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the left auxiliary ruler (102) and the right auxiliary ruler (103) are hinged with the main ruler (101) respectively.
3. The segment attitude deviation measuring device based on any angle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the measuring scale (1) is provided with an angle measuring instrument (2) for detecting the connecting line inclination angle of the mounting holes (3) at the two ends of the measuring scale (1).
4. The segment attitude deviation measuring device based on any angle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the dipperstick (1) is sharp shaft-like structure, is equipped with on dipperstick (1) to be used for detecting angular surveying appearance (2) at dipperstick (1) inclination.
5. The arbitrary-angle-based segment attitude deviation measuring device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: the angle measuring instrument (2) is a horizontal bubble instrument or a digital display inclinometer.
6. The segment attitude deviation measuring device based on any angle as claimed in claim 5, wherein: and a reflecting prism is arranged in the middle of the measuring scale (1).
7. The segment attitude deviation measuring device based on any angle according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 6, characterized in that: two ends of the measuring scale (1) are provided with stoppers (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020073037.8U CN211121227U (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Segment attitude deviation measuring device based on any angle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020073037.8U CN211121227U (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Segment attitude deviation measuring device based on any angle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN211121227U true CN211121227U (en) | 2020-07-28 |
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| CN202020073037.8U Active CN211121227U (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Segment attitude deviation measuring device based on any angle |
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| CN (1) | CN211121227U (en) |
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