CN211120885U - Energy-conserving efficient explosive loads structure in blasting construction - Google Patents
Energy-conserving efficient explosive loads structure in blasting construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN211120885U CN211120885U CN201922199230.6U CN201922199230U CN211120885U CN 211120885 U CN211120885 U CN 211120885U CN 201922199230 U CN201922199230 U CN 201922199230U CN 211120885 U CN211120885 U CN 211120885U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an engineering blasting technical field, purpose provide an energy-conserving efficient explosive loads structure in blasting construction. The explosive blasting machine comprises a working surface and blast holes, wherein the blast holes are uniformly distributed on the working surface, and a first explosive layer, an interval air layer, a spacer, a second explosive layer and a plugging layer are sequentially arranged in the blast holes from bottom to top; the first explosive layer and the second explosive layer are internally provided with an initiating explosive bag; the primary explosive package comprises a strip-packed emulsion explosive and a detonator; the detonator is arranged in the strip-shaped emulsion explosive and is connected with the detonating tube; the detonator extends to the working face, the utility model discloses according to the ponding condition decision bottom explosive kind of big gun hole bottom, can effectively avoid ponding to the influence of blasting. Meanwhile, the spacers are used for layering, so that the explosive consumption is reduced. The blasting cartridge bag is stably hoisted by adopting a specific hoisting structure, so that the blasting effect is ensured, and the utilization rate of the blasting energy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an engineering blasting technical field, concretely relates to energy-conserving efficient explosive loads structure in blasting construction.
Background
In mining, blasting technology is the main mining technology, and the function of blasting technology is extremely key. In the prior surface mining, a medium-deep hole blasting method is generally adopted, and particularly, the surface mine blasting is mostly realized by adopting a medium-deep hole bench blasting method.
In order to reduce the explosive loading consumption, the medium-and deep-hole blasting explosive charges gradually adopt the air spacer spaced explosive charges, the air spacer explosive charges can increase the action time of blasting stress waves, reduce the peak pressure of shock waves on the wall of the blasting hole, improve the blasting effect, save the explosive loading and reduce the blasting cost. However, because the blasting technology belongs to high-risk operation, the attention is focused on improving the safety both from the political viewpoint and from the practice. There are some problems that can be improved in the prior art, such as: in medium and deep hole blasting, in order to ensure the blasting effect, a large amount of explosive is generally buried. The blasting method has the advantages of low energy utilization rate, high cost, easy generation of root residue and increased potential safety hazard.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing an energy-conserving efficient explosive loads structure in blasting construction to reduce explosive consumption, improve explosion energy utilization.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides an energy-saving and efficient explosive loading structure in blasting construction, which comprises a blast hole arranged on a working surface, wherein a first explosive layer, an interval air layer, a spacer, a second explosive layer and a plugging layer are sequentially arranged in the blast hole from bottom to top;
the first explosive layer and the second explosive layer are both provided with an initiating explosive package, the initiating explosive package comprises strip-packaged emulsion explosive and a detonator, and the detonator is arranged in the strip-packaged emulsion explosive and connected with a detonating tube; the detonating tube extends to the working surface;
when water is accumulated at the bottom of the first explosive layer, the bottom of the first explosive layer is required to be emulsion explosive, and the rest parts of the first explosive layer and the second explosive layer can be powder explosive or emulsion explosive.
Further, the interval air layer include that the hole is regional, the spacer be located the regional top edge of hole, first explosive layer be less than or equal to the regional bottom edge of hole.
The blast holes are uniformly distributed on the horizontal plane of the working face, specifically, the edge of the working face is transverse, the transverse distance of the blast holes is L, the longitudinal distance of the blast holes is N, L: N is 4:5, the ratio of the diameter to the depth of the blast holes is 1: 100-120, and the ratio of the kilogram quantity of the total explosive to the cubic quantity of the total blasting is 1: 2.2-3.
Further, the diameter of the blast hole is more than 100mm, the depth of the blast hole is more than 10m, the depth of the interval air layer is 1.5m, the depth of the first explosive layer is 5.5-6.5m, and the depth of the second explosive layer is 3-4 m; the ratio of the depth of the plugging layer to the diameter of the blast hole is 1: 30-40 and at least not less than 3.5 m.
Further, the initiating explosive bag is hoisted into the specified position of the blast hole by adopting a hoisting knot; the lifting rope knot comprises a soft rope, one end of the soft rope is provided with a lifting rope, and the other end of the soft rope is provided with a releasing rope; the rope releasing end bends the soft rope to form a rope lug; the end of the lifting rope is sleeved on the rope lug; the rope lug is bent inwards and penetrates through a gap between the lifting rope and the initiating explosive bag, and a rope ring with a spiral root is formed at the end of the lifting rope; the lifting rope and the rope lug are in a tensioned state, so that the whole soft rope forms a lifting rope knot for bundling the initiating explosive bag.
Further, the detonator is positioned below the hoisting rope knot, and the detonating tube penetrates through the hoisting rope and is arranged on the inner side of the winding part of the peripheral surface of the initiating explosive charge.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has: the utility model discloses adopt emulsion explosive and powder explosive simultaneously, when guaranteeing blasting effect, effectively practice thrift the explosive cost. And meanwhile, the type of the bottom explosive is determined according to the condition of water accumulation at the bottom of the blast hole, so that the influence of the water accumulation on the blasting effect can be effectively avoided. The blast hole is internally provided with the spaced air layer and is layered by the spacer, so that the unit consumption of explosive is reduced, the axial blasting pressure is uniform, the root bottom is effectively reduced, and the blasting effect is ensured. Adopt the technical scheme provided by the utility model can effectively reduce the explosive consumption, improve explosion energy utilization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the explosive structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an explosive with a karst cave;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the initiating explosive package of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a first step of the primary explosive bag hoisting knot tying rope of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a second step diagram of the detonating charge bag hoisting knot tying rope of the utility model;
fig. 6 shows the final state of the initiating explosive package and the hoisting knot of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-working face, 2-first explosive layer, 3-air space layer, 4-spacer, 5-second explosive layer, 6-blocking layer, 7-detonating tube, 8-blast hole, 9-detonating charge, 11-hole area, 15-lifting rope, 16-rope lug, 17-untying rope, 18-rope ring and 19-detonator.
Detailed Description
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, so that the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention can be fully understood. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an energy-saving and efficient explosive filling structure in blasting construction comprises a blast hole 8 arranged on a working surface 1, wherein a first explosive layer 2, an interval air layer 3, a spacer 4, a second explosive layer 5 and a blocking layer 6 are sequentially arranged in the blast hole 8 from bottom to top; the first explosive layer 2 and the second explosive layer 5 are both internally provided with an initiating explosive package 9, the initiating explosive package 9 comprises strip-packaged emulsion explosives and a detonator 19, and the detonator 19 is arranged in the strip-packaged emulsion explosives and connected with a detonating tube 7; the detonating tube 7 extends to the working surface 1; when water is accumulated at the bottom of the first explosive layer 2, the bottom of the first explosive layer 2 is required to be emulsion explosive, and the rest parts of the first explosive layer 2 and the second explosive layer 5 can be powder explosive or emulsion explosive. The utility model discloses adopt emulsion explosive and powder explosive simultaneously, when guaranteeing blasting effect, effectively practice thrift the explosive cost. Simultaneously according to the bottom of the big gun hole ponding condition decision bottom explosive kind, if, can waterproof emulsion explosive in bags fill to the bottom, can effectively avoid ponding to the influence of blasting effect. The blast hole is internally provided with the spaced air layer and is layered by the spacer, so that the unit consumption of explosive is reduced, the axial blasting pressure is uniform, the root bottom is effectively reduced, and the blasting effect is ensured. By adopting the technical scheme provided by the invention, the explosive consumption can be effectively reduced, and the explosion energy utilization rate can be improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the spaced air layer 3 includes a hole area 11, the spacer 4 is located at the upper edge of the hole area 11, and the first explosive layer 2 is lower than or equal to the lower edge of the hole area 11. I.e. if a cavern area 11 such as a cavern is encountered, the spacer 4 is arranged at the upper edge of the cavern so that the cavern is within the interstitial air layer 3.
The preferable step blasting shape and structure characteristic parameters of the medium and deep blast holes are that the blast holes 8 are uniformly distributed on the horizontal plane of the working face 1, specifically, the edge of the working face 1 is in the transverse direction, the transverse distance between the blast holes 8 is L, the longitudinal distance between the blast holes 8 is N, L: N is 4:5, the diameter-depth ratio of the blast holes 8 is 1: 100-120, the ratio of the total explosive loading kilogram quantity to the total blasting cubic quantity is 1: 2.2-3, more preferably, the diameter of the blast holes 8 is more than 100mm, the depth is more than 10m, the depth of the air space layer 3 is 1.5m, the depth of the first explosive layer 2 is 5.5-6.5m, the depth of the second explosive layer 5 is 3-4m, and the ratio of the depth of the plugging layer 6 to the diameter of the blast holes 8 is 1: 30-40 and at least not less than 3.5 m.
As shown in fig. 4-6, the initiating explosive bag 9 is hung in the specified position of the blast hole 8 by a hoisting rope; the lifting rope knot comprises a soft rope, one end of the soft rope is provided with a lifting rope 15, and the other end of the soft rope is provided with a rope releasing 17; the end of the untying rope 17 is bent to form a rope lug 16; the end of the lifting rope 15 is sleeved on the rope lug 16; the rope lug 16 is bent inwards and penetrates through a gap between the lifting rope 15 and the initiating explosive charge 9, and a rope ring 18 with a spiral root is formed at the end of the lifting rope 15; the lifting rope 15 and the rope lug 16 are in a tensioned state, so that the whole soft rope forms a lifting rope knot for binding the initiating explosive bag 9. This knot is provided with lifting rope 15 and rope 17 that breaks off, holds lifting rope 15 hoist and mount initiating explosive package, and when initiating explosive package installation targetting in place, the rope 17 is broken off in the pulling, and the steady installation of the initiating explosive package of simple effectual assurance avoids the detonator on the initiating explosive package to drop. The thin rope material that this hoist and mount knot adopted should be confirmed according to different operational environment. In any environment, the thin rope is required to be capable of binding the initiating explosive bag 9 tightly, and meanwhile, the knot is required to be capable of being automatically untied when the rope 17 is pulled to be untied.
As shown in fig. 3 and 6, the detonator 19 is positioned below the hoisting knot, and the detonating tube 7 passes through the hoisting rope 15 inside the peripheral wound portion of the initiating explosive charge 9. The detonating tube 7 is fixed on the inner side of the peripheral surface winding part of the detonating explosive charge 9, so that the phenomenon that the detonator 19 falls off due to the fact that the detonating tube 7 is rubbed by the inner wall of the blast hole 8 in the process of hoisting the detonating explosive charge 9 can be avoided, and the operation effect and the safety are guaranteed.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an energy-conserving efficient explosive loads structure in blasting construction, is including setting up big gun hole (8) on working face (1), its characterized in that: a first explosive layer (2), an interval air layer (3), a spacer (4), a second explosive layer (5) and a plugging layer (6) are sequentially arranged in the blast hole (8) from bottom to top;
the first explosive layer (2) and the second explosive layer (5) are both internally provided with an initiating explosive package (9), the initiating explosive package (9) comprises strip-packaged emulsion explosives and a detonator (19), and the detonator (19) is arranged in the strip-packaged emulsion explosives and connected with a detonating tube (7); the detonating tube (7) extends to the working surface (1);
when water is accumulated at the bottom of the first explosive layer (2), the bottom of the first explosive layer (2) is required to be emulsion explosive, and the rest parts of the first explosive layer (2) and the second explosive layer (5) can be powder explosive or emulsion explosive.
2. An energy-saving and efficient explosive filling structure in blasting construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: interval air layer (3) including the hole region (11), spacer (4) be located hole region (11) top edge, first explosive layer (2) be less than or equal to hole region (11) lower limb.
3. The energy-saving efficient explosive filling structure in blasting construction according to claim 2, wherein the blast holes (8) are uniformly distributed on the horizontal plane of the working face (1), specifically, the edge of the working face (1) is taken as the transverse direction, the transverse distance of the blast holes (8) is L, the longitudinal distance of the blast holes (8) is N, L: N is 4:5, the ratio of the diameter to the depth of the blast holes (8) is 1: 100-120, and the ratio of the total explosive loading kilogram quantity to the total blasting cubic quantity is 1: 2.2-3.
4. An energy-saving and efficient explosive filling structure in blasting construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: the diameter of the blast hole (8) is more than 100mm, the depth of the blast hole is more than 10m, the depth of the interval air layer (3) is 1.5m, the depth of the first explosive layer (2) is 5.5-6.5m, and the depth of the second explosive layer (5) is 3-4 m; the ratio of the depth of the plugging layer (6) to the diameter of the blast hole (8) is 1: 30-40 and at least not less than 3.5 m.
5. An energy-saving and efficient explosive filling structure in blasting construction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the initiating explosive bag (9) is hoisted into the specified position of the blast hole (8) by adopting a hoisting knot; the hoisting knot comprises a soft rope, one end of the soft rope is provided with a lifting rope (15), and the other end of the soft rope is provided with a releasing rope (17); the end of the untying rope (17) is bent to form a rope lug (16); the end of the lifting rope (15) is sleeved on the rope lug (16); the rope lug (16) is bent inwards and penetrates through a gap between the lifting rope (15) and the initiating explosive package (9), and a rope ring (18) with a spiral root is formed at the end of the lifting rope (15); the lifting rope (15) and the rope lug (16) are in a tensioned state, so that the whole soft rope forms a lifting rope knot for binding the initiating explosive bag (9).
6. An energy-saving and efficient explosive filling structure in blasting construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: the detonator (19) is positioned below the hoisting rope knot, and the detonating tube (7) penetrates through the hoisting rope (15) and is positioned on the inner side of the peripheral surface winding part of the detonating explosive charge (9).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201922199230.6U CN211120885U (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Energy-conserving efficient explosive loads structure in blasting construction |
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| CN201922199230.6U CN211120885U (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Energy-conserving efficient explosive loads structure in blasting construction |
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| CN211120885U true CN211120885U (en) | 2020-07-28 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110806156A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-02-18 | 四川中鼎爆破工程有限公司 | Energy-saving and efficient explosive filling method and structure in blasting construction |
| CN112964145A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-15 | 惠州中特特种爆破技术工程有限公司 | Efficient air spaced charging device and charging mode |
-
2019
- 2019-12-10 CN CN201922199230.6U patent/CN211120885U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110806156A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-02-18 | 四川中鼎爆破工程有限公司 | Energy-saving and efficient explosive filling method and structure in blasting construction |
| CN110806156B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2022-02-18 | 四川中鼎爆破工程有限公司 | Energy-saving and efficient explosive filling method in blasting construction |
| CN112964145A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-15 | 惠州中特特种爆破技术工程有限公司 | Efficient air spaced charging device and charging mode |
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