CN211088412U - Device for reducing hydrogen concentration of tail gas of fuel cell and vehicle - Google Patents
Device for reducing hydrogen concentration of tail gas of fuel cell and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN211088412U CN211088412U CN201922277726.0U CN201922277726U CN211088412U CN 211088412 U CN211088412 U CN 211088412U CN 201922277726 U CN201922277726 U CN 201922277726U CN 211088412 U CN211088412 U CN 211088412U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model provides a reduce device and vehicle of fuel cell tail gas hydrogen concentration relates to the vehicle field. The device for reducing the hydrogen concentration of the tail gas of the fuel cell comprises a shell, wherein an air channel, a hydrogen channel and a mixed gas outlet are arranged on the shell, a containing cavity is arranged in the shell, a dissolving solution is filled in the containing cavity, and an adsorption layer is arranged between the containing cavity and the mixed gas outlet. One end of the air channel is connected with an air outlet of the fuel cell stack, the other end of the air channel is connected with the accommodating cavity, one end of the hydrogen channel is connected with a hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack, and the other end of the hydrogen channel is connected with the accommodating cavity. The hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen outlet and the air discharged from the air outlet are mixed in the accommodating cavity, dissolved by the dissolving liquid and then sequentially discharged through the adsorption layer and the mixed gas outlet. The utility model discloses adopt simultaneously with the air mixing, dissolve and adsorption layer absorption mode such as through dissolving the liquid, can reduce hydrogen concentration to safety limit value in, reduced because of the risk that hydrogen concentration exceeds standard and lead to the explosion.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a vehicle field especially relates to a reduce device and vehicle of fuel cell tail gas hydrogen concentration.
Background
A Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is a device for generating electricity by directly using hydrogen energy, and the PEMFC directly converts chemical energy stored in hydrogen fuel and an oxidant into electric energy, so that the energy conversion efficiency is high; PEMFCs are environmentally friendly, the only emission being water. Therefore, fuel cell technology is considered to be the first choice in the 21 st century as clean and efficient power generation technology.
In the current PEMFC technology, the utilization rate of hydrogen is difficult to reach 100%, unreacted hydrogen is discharged with tail gas, and the discharge of hydrogen causes various adverse effects. Firstly, in indoor places with poor ventilation conditions, the enrichment of hydrogen is very easy to cause explosion; secondly, the discharged hydrogen can cause damage to the ozone layer after entering the atmosphere stratosphere, and threatens the survival and health of human beings. In addition, hydrogen is a nutrient for many microorganisms in the environment, and excessive hydrogen can have unforeseen effects on the microbial community. If the tail hydrogen concentration exiting the PEMFC could be reduced, the above-mentioned hazards would be avoided.
Most fuel cells in the prior art have tail gas control measures to reduce the concentration of hydrogen in the tail gas, but are economically inefficient due to the use of precious metal catalysts. Secondly, at present, the PEMFC mostly adopts a hydrogen-air mixed exhaust mode to reduce the hydrogen concentration at the tail gas outlet, and if the catalytic oxidation is not thorough and no air is diluted, the requirement of the detection standard requirement of being lower than 2PPM can be easily exceeded, so that the local hydrogen concentration of the vehicle exceeds the safety limit value. And the structure of the device for reducing the concentration of the tail gas in the prior art is complex, and the difficulty in controlling the gas pressure is high.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses an aim at of first aspect provides a reduce device of fuel cell tail gas hydrogen concentration, solves the problem that hydrogen concentration surpassed the safety limit value among the prior art in the tail gas.
The utility model discloses a further purpose of first aspect is to improve the security of the device that reduces fuel cell tail gas hydrogen concentration.
The utility model discloses the purpose of second aspect provides a vehicle.
According to the utility model discloses an aim of first aspect, the utility model provides a reduce device of fuel cell tail gas hydrogen concentration, include:
the device comprises a shell, a hydrogen inlet, a hydrogen outlet, a mixed gas outlet, a gas inlet pipe, a gas outlet pipe, a gas inlet pipe, a gas outlet pipe and a gas outlet pipe, wherein an air channel, a hydrogen channel and the mixed gas outlet are arranged on the shell;
one end of the air channel is connected with an air outlet of the fuel cell stack, and the other end of the air channel is connected with the accommodating cavity;
one end of the hydrogen channel is connected with a hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack, and the other end of the hydrogen channel is connected with the accommodating cavity;
and the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen outlet and the air discharged from the air outlet are mixed in the accommodating cavity, dissolved by the dissolving liquid and then sequentially discharged through the adsorption layer and the mixed gas outlet.
Optionally, the adsorbent layer comprises an adsorbent support and an adsorbent material;
the adsorption carrier is a cylindrical honeycomb structure or a porous net structure, and the adsorption materials are uniformly arranged on the adsorption carrier.
Optionally, a liquid outlet is further formed in the housing, and the liquid outlet is connected with the accommodating cavity;
and the liquid discharge electromagnetic valve is used for opening when the using time of the solution exceeds a first preset time threshold value so as to discharge part of the solution.
Optionally, the dissolution liquid is liquid water.
Optionally, a safety valve is further disposed on the top of the housing, and the safety valve is configured to open to release the pressure of the gas inside the housing when the pressure inside the housing is greater than a preset pressure threshold.
Optionally, a check valve is further provided between the hydrogen passage and the hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack, so that the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen outlet flows to the hydrogen passage in a single direction.
Optionally, an exhaust electromagnetic valve is further disposed between the one-way valve and the hydrogen outlet, and the exhaust electromagnetic valve is configured to open to discharge hydrogen in the fuel cell stack when the operating time of the fuel cell stack exceeds a second preset time threshold.
Optionally, the accommodating cavity is located at the bottom of the shell, and the adsorption layer is located in the middle of the accommodating cavity.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle equipped with the above-mentioned device for reducing the hydrogen concentration in the exhaust gas of a fuel cell.
The utility model discloses a casing is equipped with air passage, hydrogen passageway and gas mixture export on the casing to be equipped with the chamber that holds that is equipped with solution in the casing, hold and be equipped with the adsorbed layer between chamber and the gas mixture export. Wherein, the one end of air passageway links to each other with the air outlet of fuel cell stack, and the other end links to each other with holding the chamber, and the one end of hydrogen passageway links to each other with the hydrogen outlet of fuel cell stack, and the other end links to each other with holding the chamber. The hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen outlet and the air discharged from the air outlet are mixed in the accommodating cavity, dissolved by the dissolving liquid and then sequentially discharged through the adsorption layer and the mixed gas outlet. The utility model discloses adopt simultaneously with the air mixing, dissolve and adsorption layer absorption mode such as through dissolving the liquid, can reduce hydrogen concentration to safety limit in, reduced because of the risk that hydrogen concentration exceeds standard and leads to the explosion to replaced the device that utilizes the noble metal catalyst to reduce hydrogen concentration, improved economic nature.
Further, the utility model discloses be equipped with the relief valve at the casing top, its pressure in the casing is greater than when predetermineeing the pressure threshold value and opens and carry out the pressure release with the gas to casing inside. The safety of the device for reducing the hydrogen concentration of the tail gas of the fuel cell is improved.
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Some specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail hereinafter, by way of illustration and not by way of limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the drawings identify the same or similar elements or components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for reducing the hydrogen concentration of the exhaust gas of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for reducing the hydrogen concentration of the exhaust gas of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, in a specific embodiment, the apparatus for reducing the hydrogen concentration of the tail gas of the fuel cell may generally include a housing 1, an air channel 12, a hydrogen channel 11 and a mixed gas outlet 13 are provided on the housing 1, a containing chamber 14 is provided in the housing 1, a dissolving liquid is contained in the containing chamber 14, and an adsorption layer 15 is provided between the containing chamber 14 and the mixed gas outlet 13. Specifically, the air passage 12 has one end connected to an air outlet 21 of the fuel cell stack 2 and the other end connected to the accommodating chamber 14, and the hydrogen passage 11 has one end connected to a hydrogen outlet 22 of the fuel cell stack 2 and the other end connected to the accommodating chamber 14. The hydrogen gas and the air discharged from the fuel cell stack 2 are mixed in the housing chamber 14, dissolved in the solution, and then sequentially discharged through the adsorption layer 15 and the mixed gas outlet 13. The mixed gas outlet 13 is connected with an automobile exhaust pipe. The fuel cell stack 2 is externally provided with a radiator 25 for radiating heat to the fuel cell stack 2, and the fuel cell stack 2 is also provided with an air inlet 23 and a hydrogen inlet 24.
The utility model discloses adopt simultaneously with the air mixing, dissolve and adsorbed modes such as adsorbed layer 15 through dissolving the liquid, can reduce hydrogen concentration to safety limit in, reduced because of the risk that hydrogen concentration exceeds standard and leads to the explosion to replaced the device that utilizes the noble metal catalyst to reduce hydrogen concentration, improved economic nature.
Further, the adsorption layer 15 includes an adsorption carrier and an adsorption material, the adsorption carrier is a cylindrical honeycomb structure or a porous net structure, and the adsorption material is uniformly arranged on the adsorption carrier. The adsorption carrier may also be cylindrical. Because sponge or colloidal palladium metal has strong hydrogen absorption capacity, at normal temperature, 1 volume of sponge palladium can absorb 900 volumes of hydrogen, and 1 volume of colloidal palladium can absorb 1200 volumes of hydrogen, so that the adsorption material can be selected from palladium metal or other materials.
The utility model discloses set up the purpose of adsorbed layer 15, on the one hand is in order to reduce the water content of exhaust mist, and on the other hand is the content of hydrogen in the further reduction tail gas through the combination of hydrogen and adsorbing material.
In a further embodiment, a liquid outlet 16 is further provided on the housing 1, the liquid outlet 16 is connected to the accommodating chamber 14, and a liquid outlet solenoid valve 17 is further provided at the liquid outlet 16, the liquid outlet solenoid valve 17 is configured to open to discharge a part of the dissolving solution when the using time of the dissolving solution exceeds a first preset time threshold. Avoid the device to lose efficacy caused by excessive solution in the accommodating cavity 14. The first preset time threshold is set according to experience.
Specifically, the dissolving liquid is liquid water. The utility model discloses make earlier and mix from 2 exhaust air of fuel cell stack and hydrogen, avoid hydrogen concentration in the short time to rise suddenly. Then a part of hydrogen is dissolved by liquid water, and the purpose of primary hydrogen content reduction is fulfilled.
Further, the top of the casing 1 is further provided with a safety valve 20, and the safety valve 20 is configured to open to release the pressure of the gas inside the casing 1 when the pressure inside the casing 1 is greater than a preset pressure threshold. The safety of the device is further improved.
A check valve 18 is also provided between the hydrogen passage 11 and the hydrogen outlet 22 of the fuel cell stack 2 so that the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen outlet 22 flows to the hydrogen passage 11 in a single direction. The liquid water in the device for reducing the hydrogen concentration of the tail gas of the fuel cell is prevented from flowing into the hydrogen outlet 22, and the hydrogen exhaust pipe is prevented from being blocked.
Further, an exhaust electromagnetic valve 19 is disposed between the check valve 18 and the hydrogen outlet 22, and the exhaust electromagnetic valve 19 is configured to open to exhaust the hydrogen in the fuel cell stack 2 when the operation time of the fuel cell stack 2 exceeds a second preset time threshold. The exhaust solenoid valve 19 discharges excess hydrogen of low purity from the anode side of the fuel cell stack 2. Wherein the second predetermined time threshold is empirically set.
In a preferred embodiment, the receiving chamber 14 is located at the bottom of the housing 1, and the adsorption layer 15 is located at the middle of the receiving chamber 14.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation specifically does: the cathode side tail gas, that is, the air enters the accommodating cavity 14 at the bottom of the housing 1 through the air channel 12, the anode side tail gas, that is, the hydrogen enters the accommodating cavity 14 of the housing 1 through the hydrogen channel 11 at the bottom of the housing 1, is primarily dissolved by liquid water (known that the solubility of hydrogen in water is 1.6PPM at 20 ℃), is cooled and fully mixed with the air in the accommodating cavity 14, passes through the adsorption layer 15 at the middle of the housing 1, further adsorbs the hydrogen and the water vapor in the mixed gas, and then the mixed gas is discharged from the mixed gas outlet 13.
The utility model discloses need not use the catalyst that the price is expensive, just can reach the purpose that effectively reduces tail exhaust hydrogen concentration through dissolving and adsorbing to simple structure, the low price is suitable for batch production to use. In addition, because the tail gas contains a large amount of water, the utility model discloses can separate this part of water, the method that the accessible was regularly got rid of removes the water, also can carry out recycle to this part of water.
The utility model also provides a vehicle, its device of installing the reduction fuel cell tail gas hydrogen concentration in any one of above-mentioned embodiment. The device for reducing the hydrogen concentration in the tail gas of the fuel cell is not described in detail herein.
Thus, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while a number of exemplary embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations and modifications can be made, consistent with the principles of the invention, which are directly determined or derived from the disclosure herein, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be understood and interpreted to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (9)
1. An apparatus for reducing the hydrogen concentration of a fuel cell exhaust comprising:
the device comprises a shell, a hydrogen inlet, a hydrogen outlet, a mixed gas outlet, a gas inlet pipe, a gas outlet pipe, a gas inlet pipe, a gas outlet pipe and a gas outlet pipe, wherein an air channel, a hydrogen channel and the mixed gas outlet are arranged on the shell;
one end of the air channel is connected with an air outlet of the fuel cell stack, and the other end of the air channel is connected with the accommodating cavity;
one end of the hydrogen channel is connected with a hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack, and the other end of the hydrogen channel is connected with the accommodating cavity;
and the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen outlet and the air discharged from the air outlet are mixed in the accommodating cavity, dissolved by the dissolving liquid and then sequentially discharged through the adsorption layer and the mixed gas outlet.
2. The apparatus of claim 1,
the adsorption layer comprises an adsorption carrier and an adsorption material;
the adsorption carrier is a cylindrical honeycomb structure or a porous net structure, and the adsorption materials are uniformly arranged on the adsorption carrier.
3. The apparatus of claim 1,
the shell is also provided with a liquid outlet which is connected with the accommodating cavity;
and the liquid discharge electromagnetic valve is used for opening when the using time of the solution exceeds a first preset time threshold value so as to discharge part of the solution.
4. The apparatus of claim 1,
the dissolving liquid is liquid water.
5. The apparatus of claim 1,
the top of the shell is also provided with a safety valve, and the safety valve is used for opening when the pressure in the shell is greater than a preset pressure threshold value so as to release the pressure of the gas in the shell.
6. The apparatus of claim 1,
a check valve is further provided between the hydrogen passage and the hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack so that the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen outlet flows to the hydrogen passage in a single direction.
7. The apparatus of claim 6,
an exhaust electromagnetic valve is further arranged between the one-way valve and the hydrogen outlet and is used for opening when the working time of the fuel cell stack exceeds a second preset time threshold value so as to discharge the hydrogen in the fuel cell stack.
8. The apparatus of claim 1,
the accommodating cavity is located at the bottom of the shell, and the adsorption layer is located in the middle of the accommodating cavity.
9. A vehicle characterized by being equipped with the apparatus for reducing the hydrogen concentration in the exhaust gas from a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922277726.0U CN211088412U (en) | 2019-12-17 | 2019-12-17 | Device for reducing hydrogen concentration of tail gas of fuel cell and vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922277726.0U CN211088412U (en) | 2019-12-17 | 2019-12-17 | Device for reducing hydrogen concentration of tail gas of fuel cell and vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN211088412U true CN211088412U (en) | 2020-07-24 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922277726.0U Active CN211088412U (en) | 2019-12-17 | 2019-12-17 | Device for reducing hydrogen concentration of tail gas of fuel cell and vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN211088412U (en) |
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2019
- 2019-12-17 CN CN201922277726.0U patent/CN211088412U/en active Active
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