CN211085521U - Automatic and batch calibration system for fiber grating temperature sensors at ultralow temperature and large-amplitude temperature variation - Google Patents
Automatic and batch calibration system for fiber grating temperature sensors at ultralow temperature and large-amplitude temperature variation Download PDFInfo
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- CN211085521U CN211085521U CN201921550349.7U CN201921550349U CN211085521U CN 211085521 U CN211085521 U CN 211085521U CN 201921550349 U CN201921550349 U CN 201921550349U CN 211085521 U CN211085521 U CN 211085521U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an automatic and batch calibration system for a fiber grating temperature sensor at ultra-low temperature and at variable temperature by a wide margin, wherein a computer is respectively connected with a temperature measurement and control instrument and an FBG demodulation instrument; the red copper heat conducting block is connected with the cold head, the heat is quickly led out and attached with the heating plate, and the temperature is controlled through cold-heat balance; FBG temperature piece and low temperature piece paste in red copper heat conduction piece surface, the temperature measurement accuse temperature appearance is connected with low temperature piece and heating plate respectively, and the inside of low temperature vacuum chamber is equipped with cold shield, the red copper heat conduction piece outside is located to cold shield. The utility model provides an ultra-low temperatureFiber grating temperature sensor calibration system and method, the system can realize 10‑3The temperature calibration range from K level to room temperature, and realizes the arbitrary temperature control and constant maintenance in the range.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the optic fibre, especially, relate to an automatic and batch calibration system of fiber grating temperature sensor under ultra-low temperature and the alternating temperature by a wide margin.
Background
With the continuous progress of human low-temperature technology, the realization of mK-level low temperature becomes very cheap technology, 1.5mK low temperature can be realized by using a 3He-4He dilution refrigerator, and the Lempsonian cooling and adiabatic nuclear demagnetization technology can reach lower temperature. Practical and cheap ultralow temperature technology brings breakthrough to a plurality of important scientific fields, especially superconducting technology. In the energy field, the superconducting power transmission can reduce the electric energy transmission loss to almost zero; the superconducting energy storage has the advantages of large power, light weight, small volume, small loss, quick reaction and the like, and is widely applied; the volume and weight of the superconducting motor will also be greatly reduced compared to conventional motors. In addition, the low-temperature superconducting technology is also applied to the fields of traffic (magnetic levitation trains, ship magnetic thrusters), medical health (nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, biomagnetic instruments and the like), electronic technology (superconducting microwave technology application, various superconducting sensing technologies, semiconductor-superconductor integrated circuits, superconducting computing elements and the like), important scientific engineering (accelerators, controlled thermonuclear devices and the like) and national defense technology (superconducting anti-diving, mine sweeping, airship loading, electromagnetic propelling, communication, guidance and the like). At present, in China, no effort is put into the research and development of major scientific instruments, wherein major scientific devices mainly based on accelerator technology are the first direction, and the major scientific devices comprise 3 rd generation and 4 th generation synchrotron radiation light sources, large-scale accelerators and the like.
The low temperature measurement generally adopts a thermal resistor and a thermocouple thermometer, and can be used near absolute zero (0K), for example, a cernox series temperature sensor of L akeshore company can realize the temperature measurement of mK magnitude.
However, in such temperature sensors based on electrical measurement, if there is a strong electromagnetic field in the measurement loop, the accuracy and measurement range are greatly reduced, and even the temperature sensors cannot be used. However, the strong magnetic field generated by the operation of the superconducting magnet will undoubtedly cause the serious failure of the resistive sensor, and a temperature sensor capable of normally working under the strong electromagnetic interference of ultralow temperature is urgently needed. The fiber grating is used as a novel sensing device and utilizes optical frequency signals for sensing. Compared with the traditional electric and magnetic sensor devices, the sensor device has the remarkable advantages of electromagnetic interference resistance, corrosion resistance, small volume, small signal loss and the like. The Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) is a widely used and mature fiber bragg grating, and the sensing information is obtained by modulating the bragg wavelength of the FBG through an external physical parameter. The FBG takes the reflection wavelength as a signal carrier, so that the defects of the traditional electrical measurement method are overcome, and the FBG is widely applied to the field of civil engineering as a strain and temperature sensing device. In addition, by etching a plurality of gratings with different Bragg wavelengths into a single optical fiber, the quasi-distributed measurement of the optical fiber can be realized.
The fiber core of the optical fiber mainly comprises silicon dioxide, has small thermal expansion coefficient, is insensitive to temperature and has lower sensitivity at low temperature, and the fiber grating needs to be pasted on a material which is more sensitive to temperature to realize low-temperature sensing, and is usually metal or high molecular polymer with larger thermal expansion coefficient. The temperature sensitivity is improved by driving the fiber bragg grating to deform through the expansion and contraction of the material. The response of the structure to the temperature needs to be realized through calibration, and different from the traditional calibration method and device of the electrical temperature sensor, because the optical fiber conducts optical signals, the traditional electrical temperature calibration device needs to be designed systematically again to realize the calibration of the fiber grating temperature sensor.
The device and the calibration method system provided by the patent effectively solve the problem of low-temperature fiber grating thermometer calibration, form a real object and verify the feasibility.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides an automatic and batch calibration system of fiber grating temperature sensor under ultralow temperature and by a wide margin alternating temperature, including computer, temperature measurement accuse temperature appearance, FBG demodulation appearance, KF low temperature vacuum multicore aviation plug, KF low temperature vacuum optic fibre adapter, cable, optic fibre, sample change opening door leaf, low temperature vacuum chamber, red copper heat conduction piece, heating plate, low temperature piece, FBG temperature piece, cold screen, cold head, stainless steel bellows, refrigerator, helium pipe, molecular pump and mechanical pump, the computer links to each other with temperature measurement accuse temperature appearance, FBG demodulation appearance respectively; the red copper heat conducting block is connected with the cold head, the heat is quickly led out and attached with the heating plate, and the temperature is controlled through cold-heat balance; the temperature measurement and temperature control instrument is respectively connected with the low-temperature sheet and the heating sheet, and the FBG temperature sheet is connected with the FBG temperature sheet through an optical fiber; a cold shield is arranged inside the low-temperature vacuum box and is arranged outside the red copper heat-conducting block; the molecular pump and the mechanical pump are connected with the box body by adopting a stainless steel corrugated pipe and a TK flange.
Preferably, the interior of the low-temperature vacuum box is used for realizing high vacuum and ultra-low temperature environment, and is a single-layer high-strength stainless steel shell on which multiple connecting ports are arranged for signal transmission and environment control.
Preferably, the cryogenic vacuum box is provided with a sample exchange opening door leaf.
Preferably, the temperature measuring and controlling instrument is respectively connected with the low-temperature sheet through cables, the cables in the box body use low-temperature signal wires and are wound in a shape like a Chinese character '8' in pairs, and interference signals are shielded to the maximum extent; the outside of the box body can use double-shielding multi-core twisted pair wires for signal transmission.
Preferably, the cold shield is a red copper shell, and is coated with an aluminum foil on the surface of the cold shield, so that heat is prevented from being transferred into the red copper heat-conducting block by heat radiation of the low-temperature vacuum box.
Preferably, the refrigerator is connected to the cold head by a helium pipe.
Preferably, the KF low-temperature vacuum multi-core aviation plug bridges a circuit in the vacuum box with an external circuit, and simultaneously ensures the sealing and the vacuum degree of the box body.
Preferably, the KF low-temperature vacuum optical fiber adapter leads the optical fiber in the low-temperature vacuum box out of the box body, and simultaneously ensures high vacuum tightness.
On one hand, the utility model discloses a calibration system of sensor under extreme condition such as ultralow temperature and the environment of big amplitude alternating temperature, have the characteristics of automatic control and high accuracy, the stable realization of big amplitude alternating temperature; on the other hand, the utility model discloses realize batchization and automatic measure and mark, once can realize 5-7 sensor synchronous demarcation, carry out the processing of automatic data acquisition and demarcation information.
The utility model provides an ultra-low temperature fiber grating temperature sensor calibration system and method, the system can realize 10-3The temperature calibration range from K level to room temperature, and realizes the arbitrary temperature control and constant maintenance in the range. The device designs various ultralow temperature heat preservation technologies, is assisted by precise temperature control equipment, and realizes system temperature control and automatic collection of calibration data by using software. In addition, the patent provides a convenient and practical ultra-vacuum Dewar optical fiber leading-out connector, which concisely and efficiently solves the sealing problem in the process of penetrating optical fibers into a low-temperature vacuum Dewar.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the automatic and batch calibration system of the fiber grating temperature sensor at ultra-low temperature and with large temperature change.
In the figure, 1-computer, 2-temperature and temperature measuring and controlling instrument, 3-FBG demodulation instrument, 4-KF low-temperature vacuum multi-core aviation plug, 5-cable, 6-optical fiber, 7-KF low-temperature vacuum optical fiber adapter, 8-sample replacement opening door leaf, and 9-low-temperature vacuum box. 10-red copper heat conducting block, 11-heating sheet, 12-low temperature sheet, 13-FBG temperature sheet, 14-cold shield, 15-cold head, 16-stainless steel corrugated pipe, 17-molecular pump, 18-mechanical pump, 19-refrigerator and 20-helium pipe.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses an automatic and batch calibration system of fiber grating temperature sensor under ultralow temperature and by a wide margin alternating temperature, change including computer 1, temperature measurement accuse temperature appearance 2, FBG demodulation appearance 3, KF low temperature vacuum multicore aviation plug 4, KF low temperature vacuum optic fibre adapter 7, cable 5, optic fibre 6, sample and open door leaf 8, low temperature vacuum box 9, red copper heat conduction piece 10, heating plate 11, low temperature piece 12, FBG temperature piece 13, cold screen 14, cold head 15, stainless steel bellows 16, refrigerator 19, helium pipe 20, molecular pump 17 and mechanical pump 18, the computer links to each other with temperature measurement accuse temperature appearance, FBG demodulation appearance respectively; the red copper heat conducting block is connected with the cold head, the heat is quickly led out and attached with the heating plate, and the temperature is controlled through cold-heat balance; meanwhile, the fiber bragg grating temperature sensor to be calibrated and the low-temperature sheet are also adhered to the surfaces of the fiber bragg grating temperature sensor to be calibrated and the low-temperature sheet; the temperature measurement and control instrument is respectively connected with the low-temperature sheet and the heating sheet, and the FBG temperature sheet is connected with the FBG temperature sheet through optical fibers; the interior of the low-temperature vacuum box is used for realizing high vacuum and ultralow temperature environments, is a single-layer high-strength stainless steel shell, and is provided with multiple connecting ports for signal transmission and environment control; a cold shield is arranged inside the low-temperature vacuum box and is arranged outside the red copper heat-conducting block; the molecular pump and the mechanical pump are connected with the box body by adopting a stainless steel corrugated pipe and a TK flange.
The low-temperature vacuum box is provided with a sample replacing opening door leaf,
the temperature measuring and controlling instrument is respectively connected with the low-temperature sheet through cables, the cables in the box body use low-temperature signal wires and are wound in a shape like a Chinese character '8' in pairs, and interference signals are shielded to the maximum extent; the outside of the box body can use double-shielding multi-core twisted pair wires for signal transmission.
The cold shield is a red copper shell, and is coated on the surface of the cold shield by an aluminum foil, so that heat is prevented from being transferred into the red copper heat-conducting block by heat radiation of the low-temperature vacuum box.
The refrigerator is connected with the cold head through a helium pipe
The KF low-temperature vacuum multi-core aviation plug bridges a circuit in the vacuum box with an external circuit, and meanwhile, the sealing and the vacuum degree of the box body are guaranteed.
The KF low temperature vacuum optical fiber adapter draws the optical fiber in the low temperature vacuum box out of the box body, and simultaneously ensures high vacuum tightness.
Introduction of module function:
1. computer with a memory card
The computer utilizes L ABVIEW to compile acquisition control program, integrates the temperature and temperature measuring and controlling instrument and the FBG demodulator, synchronously acquires temperature and FBG wavelength signals in real time, processes, icons and stores the signals, and utilizes the time synchronization signal to calibrate the wavelength and the temperature.
2. Temperature measuring and controlling instrument
The instrument has the functions of temperature measurement and temperature control, and the temperature measurement function is realized by connecting the instrument with a low-temperature sheet which is adhered to a red copper heat-conducting block in a low-temperature vacuum box to obtain a temperature signal; the temperature control function is to connect the power input port of the device into the heating plate, and realize temperature control by using the acquired temperature and the set temperature difference, wherein PID temperature control technology is used. The computer communicates with the device in real time, and synchronizes the temperature signal with the optical fiber signal in real time through the software signal.
3. FBG demodulation instrument
After the outgoing line of the fiber bragg grating temperature sensor in the low-temperature vacuum box is connected to the equipment, the wavelength signal is demodulated by the instrument and displayed in a computer in real time, and the signal and the temperature signal are synchronized by the computer through a labview program, so that the corresponding relation between the temperature and the wavelength is obtained. The demodulator communicates with the computer at high speed, and records the wavelength information output by the fiber grating demodulator in real time.
4. KF low-temperature vacuum multi-core aviation plug
The device bridges the circuit in the vacuum box with an external circuit, and simultaneously ensures the sealing and the vacuum degree of the box body.
5. KF low-temperature vacuum optical fiber adapter
The device leads the optical fiber in the low-temperature vacuum box out of the box body, and simultaneously ensures high vacuum tightness.
6. Cable with a protective layer
The cables in the box body use low-temperature signal wires and are wound in a shape like a Chinese character '8' pairwise, so that interference signals are shielded to the maximum extent. The outside of the box body can use double-shielding multi-core twisted pair wires for signal transmission.
7. Optical fiber
The optical fiber adapter outlet optical fiber should have reliable sealing performance, and the optical fiber is tightly extruded after being wrapped by vacuum cement.
8. Sample replacing and opening door leaf
The sealing device is provided with a good sealing type, and is opened during operation in the box body and closed tightly during experiment.
9. Low-temperature vacuum box
The interior of the low-temperature vacuum box is used for realizing high vacuum and ultralow temperature environments and is a single-layer high-strength stainless steel shell. The multi-connection port is used for signal transmission and environment control.
10. Red copper heat conduction block
The red copper heat conduction block is connected with the cold head, the heat is rapidly led out and attached with the heating plate, and the temperature is controlled through cold-heat balance. Meanwhile, the fiber bragg grating temperature sensor and the low-temperature sheet to be calibrated are also adhered to the surfaces of the fiber bragg grating temperature sensor and the low-temperature sheet, the red copper heat-conducting block is easy to realize uniform temperature, and the calibration result is more reliable.
11. Heating plate
The heating plate is used for controlling power by the temperature and temperature measuring and controlling instrument, and the heating plate and the cold head jointly act to realize heat balance to meet the temperature control requirement.
12. Low-temperature sheet
The low-temperature sheet needs signals corresponding to instruments and can realize measurement of ultra-low temperature, and the measuring range of the low-temperature sheet needs to be in a range of 2K-300K.
13. FBG temperature piece
The FBG temperature sheet is a sensor which needs to be calibrated by the device, the sensor utilizes the FBG as a main sensing element and is assisted by special materials and structures to realize low-temperature sensing, and the temperature calibration is realized by finding out the corresponding relation between the absolute value of the reflection wavelength and the absolute temperature.
14. Cold screen
A key device for realizing inside microthermal is the red copper casing to assist with the aluminium foil cladding on its surface, avoid the heat radiation of low temperature vacuum chamber to spread into the heat in the red copper heat conduction piece with the heat.
15. Cold head
The refrigerating machine compresses helium and then pumps the compressed helium into the cold head, and the cold head is directly connected with the heat conducting copper block to conduct out heat of the cold head so as to realize cooling.
16. Molecular pump and mechanical pump
For realizing the vacuum degree in the box body at 10-5And (5) a bar magnitude, and connecting the stainless steel corrugated pipe and the TK flange with the box body.
17. Refrigerating machine
The cold head is matched with the cold head for use, and is used for recycling compressed helium and leading the helium into the cold head to realize refrigeration continuously.
The working principle of the system is as follows:
and step one, after all the equipment and the sensors are connected according to the graph, the computer, the temperature measurement and control instrument and the FBG temperature demodulator are started, and the equipment runs normally. The temperature measuring module is turned on and the temperature control module is turned off
Secondly, opening the mechanical pump, monitoring the vacuum degree in the box body, checking whether the sealing state of the box body is good, and waiting for the vacuum degree to reach 10 if the box body is sealed in vacuum-3bar. Otherwise, stopping the machine to check and repair the sealing device.
Thirdly, turning on the molecular pump to reduce the vacuum degree in the box body to 10-5On the order of bar.
And fourthly, opening the refrigerator, continuously cooling the box body, and simultaneously monitoring, acquiring and recording all data in the cooling process, including the temperature and the FBG wavelength until the temperature is reduced to the lowest. The minimum temperature can reach 1K-2K or lower according to the refrigeration power and the heat preservation efficiency of the system.
And fifthly, setting the temperature and opening a power output module of the temperature control instrument, wherein the electric heating sheet outputs power according to the set temperature, and if the set temperature is higher than the real-time temperature, the electric heating sheet works to generate heat so as to realize temperature rise. If the set temperature is lower than the real-time temperature, the electric heating piece stops heating, and the cold head takes away heat to realize cooling. PID technology can achieve precise control of this temperature. And realizing a sampling point and a temperature control point according to the calibration requirement from the lowest temperature to the room temperature. In the process, the computer continuously records the optical fiber wavelength value corresponding to each temperature point, and a calibration function can be obtained by utilizing high-order function fitting for continuous temperature measurement.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an automatic and calibration system in batches of fiber grating temperature sensor under ultralow temperature and the alternating temperature by a wide margin which characterized in that: the system comprises a computer, a temperature measurement and control instrument, an FBG (fiber Bragg Grating) demodulator, a KF low-temperature vacuum multi-core aviation plug, a KF low-temperature vacuum optical fiber adapter, a cable, an optical fiber, a sample replacement opening door leaf, a low-temperature vacuum box, a red copper heat conducting block, a heating sheet, a low-temperature sheet, an FBG temperature sheet, a cold screen, a cold head, a stainless steel corrugated pipe, a refrigerator, a helium pipe, a molecular pump and a mechanical pump, wherein the computer is respectively connected with the temperature measurement and control instrument and the FBG demodulator; the red copper heat conducting block is connected with the cold head, the heat is quickly led out and attached with the heating plate, and the temperature is controlled through cold-heat balance; the temperature measurement and temperature control instrument is respectively connected with the low-temperature sheet and the heating sheet, and the FBG temperature sheet is connected with the FBG temperature sheet through an optical fiber; a cold shield is arranged inside the low-temperature vacuum box and is arranged outside the red copper heat-conducting block; the molecular pump and the mechanical pump are connected with the box body through pipelines.
2. The automatic and batch calibration system for fiber grating temperature sensors at ultra-low temperature and large amplitude variation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inside of the low-temperature vacuum box is used for realizing high vacuum and ultralow temperature environments, is a single-layer high-strength stainless steel shell, and is provided with multiple connectors for signal transmission and environment control.
3. The automatic and batch calibration system for fiber grating temperature sensors at ultra-low temperature and large amplitude variation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the low-temperature vacuum box is provided with a sample replacing opening door leaf.
4. The automatic and batch calibration system for fiber grating temperature sensors at ultra-low temperature and large amplitude variation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature measuring and controlling instrument is respectively connected with the low-temperature sheet through cables, the cables in the box body use low-temperature signal wires and are wound in a shape like a Chinese character '8' in pairs, and interference signals are shielded to the maximum extent; the outside of the box body can use double-shielding multi-core twisted pair wires for signal transmission.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the cold shield is a red copper shell, and is coated on the surface of the cold shield by an aluminum foil, so that heat is prevented from being transferred into the red copper heat-conducting block by heat radiation of the low-temperature vacuum box.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the refrigerator is connected with the cold head through a helium pipe.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the KF low-temperature vacuum multi-core aviation plug bridges a circuit in the vacuum box with an external circuit, and meanwhile, the sealing and the vacuum degree of the box body are guaranteed.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the KF low temperature vacuum optical fiber adapter draws out the optical fiber in the low temperature vacuum box outside the box body, guarantees high vacuum tightness simultaneously.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921550349.7U CN211085521U (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2019-09-18 | Automatic and batch calibration system for fiber grating temperature sensors at ultralow temperature and large-amplitude temperature variation |
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| CN201921550349.7U CN211085521U (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2019-09-18 | Automatic and batch calibration system for fiber grating temperature sensors at ultralow temperature and large-amplitude temperature variation |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113049145A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-06-29 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Equipment for carrying out full-system-width low-temperature comprehensive calibration on temperature measurement system |
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2019
- 2019-09-18 CN CN201921550349.7U patent/CN211085521U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113049145A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-06-29 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Equipment for carrying out full-system-width low-temperature comprehensive calibration on temperature measurement system |
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