CN211044009U - Pulse width modulation automobile diagnosis bus interface circuit and diagnosis system - Google Patents
Pulse width modulation automobile diagnosis bus interface circuit and diagnosis system Download PDFInfo
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- CN211044009U CN211044009U CN201922008648.4U CN201922008648U CN211044009U CN 211044009 U CN211044009 U CN 211044009U CN 201922008648 U CN201922008648 U CN 201922008648U CN 211044009 U CN211044009 U CN 211044009U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a pulse width modulation automobile diagnosis bus interface circuit and diagnostic system. The circuit comprises an MCU, one end of the MCU is connected to a PC through a USB interface, and the other end of the MCU is connected to two MCU transmitting ends VPWM _ TX _ P and VPWM _ TX _ N of a pulse width modulation bus interface circuit through two input/output IO ports; one end of the receiving circuit is connected with the PWM _ P of the automobile OBD interface end terminal in diagnosis, and the level signal of the automobile ECU is converted into the level signal of the microcontroller MCU and then is transmitted to the VPWM _ RX _ P of the MCU receiving end. Utilize the utility model discloses, can provide a diagnostic instrument with pulse width modulation automobile diagnosis bus interface device for the auto repair personnel, can high efficiency's detection and maintenance adopt the automobile fault and the state of pulse width modulation bus, judgement automobile fault that can be accurate improves maintenance efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electronic circuit technical field especially relates to a pulse width modulation automobile diagnosis bus interface circuit and diagnostic system.
Background
The automobile bus technology is a channel for information transmission between automobile ECUs and between the ECUs and each sensor, and has the advantages that wiring harnesses can be greatly simplified, the failure rate between each unit is reduced, and wiring between automobile control units is easier and more reliable.
With the development of electronic technology, the automobile bus technology has experienced the development from endless to low speed to high speed, and various automobile manufacturers in the world are successively put into research and development to develop automobile bus technologies with respective intellectual property rights, wherein the pulse width modulation automobile bus technology is successfully researched and developed and applied to ford and other parts of automobile models.
The automobile diagnosis interface OBD is connected with a bus of the automobile ECU, so that the pulse width modulation bus of the automobile OBD is communicated with the automobile ECU, the state information of the ECU can be read, and a command can be sent to enable the automobile ECU to execute corresponding actions, and convenience is provided for diagnosis and maintenance of automobile faults.
When the automobile adopting the pulse width modulation bus has a fault, the automobile ECU stores the state information of the automobile in an internal memory in a specific coding mode, and the reading of the fault codes brings convenience to automobile maintenance and improves the maintenance efficiency. Automobile fault and state for high efficiency's detection and maintenance adopts the pulse width modulation bus, the urgent need on the market develop a diagnostic apparatus that has pulse width modulation automobile diagnosis bus interface arrangement, the utility model discloses also design and development based on this reason.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a pulse width modulation automobile diagnosis bus interface circuit and diagnostic system can solve between maintenance diagnostic equipment and the car ECU the unbalanced problem that needs carry out level conversion of level.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a pulse width modulation automobile diagnosis bus interface circuit, interface circuit includes: one end of the microcontroller MCU is connected to the PC through a USB interface so as to receive a diagnosis control command transmitted by the PC, and the other end of the microcontroller MCU is connected to two MCU transmitting ends VPWM _ TX _ P and VPWM _ TX _ N of the pulse width modulation bus interface circuit through two input/output IO ports; the pulse width modulation bus interface circuit comprises a transmitting circuit and a receiving circuit, one end of the transmitting circuit is connected with two MCU transmitting ends VPWM _ TX _ P and VPWM _ TX _ N, received signal level is converted to accord with ECU bus interface level and then transmitted to two automobile OBD interface line ends PWM _ P and PWM _ N, one end of the receiving circuit is connected with the automobile OBD interface line end PWM _ P in diagnosis, and level signals of an automobile ECU are converted to microcontroller MCU level signals and then transmitted to an MCU receiving end VPWM _ RX _ P.
In some embodiments, the transmit circuit comprises: a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) transmitting circuit and a variable pulse width modulation (VPW) transmitting circuit which multiplexes partial elements with the PWM transmitting circuit.
In some embodiments, the PWM transmission circuit includes: a first branch and a second branch.
In some embodiments, the first leg comprises: the second resistor, the fourth resistor, the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor, the first triode, the second triode, wherein, the base of first triode is connected to the one end of second resistor, the collecting electrode of second triode is connected to the other end, MCU sending terminal VPWM _ TX _ P is connected to the one end of fourth resistor, the base at the third extreme of second is connected to the other end, the collecting electrode of first triode is connected to the one end of sixth resistor, the other end ground connection, MCU sending terminal VPWM _ TX _ P is connected to the one end of seventh resistor, other end ground connection, car level voltage is connected to the projecting pole of first triode, car OBD interface line terminal PWM _ P is connected to the collecting electrode, the projecting pole ground connection of second triode.
In some embodiments, the second branch comprises: the eighth resistor, the ninth resistor, the tenth resistor, the eleventh resistor, the twelfth resistor, the third triode, the fourth triode, wherein, car level voltage is connected to the one end of eighth resistor, the collecting electrode of third triode is connected to the other end, the power is connected to the one end of ninth resistor, MCU sending terminal VPWM _ TX _ N is connected to the other end, the power is connected to the one end of tenth resistor, the collecting electrode of fourth triode is connected to the other end, the base of third triode is connected to the one end of eleventh resistor, the collecting electrode of fourth triode is connected to the other end, the emitting electrode of third triode and fourth triode all grounds, car OBD interface terminal PWM _ N is connected to the collecting electrode of third triode.
In some embodiments, a variable pulse width modulation (VPW) transmit circuit comprises: the second resistor, the fourth resistor, the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor, the first triode, the second triode, wherein, the base of first triode is connected to the one end of second resistor, the collecting electrode of second triode is connected to the other end, MCU sending terminal VPWM _ TX _ P is connected to the one end of fourth resistor, the base at the third extreme of second is connected to the other end, the collecting electrode of first triode is connected to the one end of sixth resistor, the other end ground connection, MCU sending terminal VPWM _ TX _ P is connected to the one end of seventh resistor, other end ground connection, car level voltage is connected to the projecting pole of first triode, car OBD interface line terminal PWM _ P is connected to the collecting electrode, the projecting pole ground connection of second triode.
In some embodiments, a receiving circuit includes: the automobile OBD interface circuit comprises a first resistor, a third resistor, a fifth resistor and an operational amplifier, wherein one end of the first resistor is connected with a power supply, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier, one end of the third resistor is connected with an automobile OBD interface line end PWM _ P, the other end of the third resistor is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier, one end of the fifth resistor is connected with the power supply, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and the output end of the operational amplifier.
Furthermore, the present invention also provides a diagnostic system, which comprises: the diagnostic device comprises a PC and a diagnostic instrument, wherein the PC is connected to the diagnostic instrument through a USB, the diagnostic instrument is connected to an automobile ECU through an OBD bus in the diagnostic process, and the diagnostic instrument comprises a pulse width modulation automobile diagnostic bus interface circuit according to the above.
After adopting such design, the utility model discloses following advantage has at least:
through the utility model discloses, make diagnostic instrument MCU's pulse width modulation bus signal connect car ECU's pulse width modulation bus signal through inside level shift circuit. Through actual test, the circuit design accords with technical requirements, the signal transmission performance is good, and the signal transmission performance is stable and reliable, can high-efficiently detect and maintain the automobile fault and state of adopting the pulse width modulation bus, brings convenience for automobile maintenance, and improves maintenance efficiency.
Drawings
The foregoing is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pulse width modulation code definition;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulse width modulation automobile diagnostic bus interface diagnostic system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pwm bus interface circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit schematic diagram of a pwm bus interface circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are presented herein only to illustrate and explain the present invention, and not to limit the present invention.
The pulse width modulation automobile bus technology adopts pulse width variation to transmit information, and codes "1" and "0" of pulse width modulation PWM are defined in the way that in the time of one bit period (such as TBit of figure 1), the duty ratio of high level and low level is 1: 2 represents a digital code "1", if the duty ratio of the high level to the low level is 2: a 1 then represents a digitally encoded "0" as shown in fig. 1.
The codes "1" and "0" of the variable pulse width VPW are defined such that Tbit is equal to 64 microseconds and high represents "1", and Tbit is equal to 128 microseconds and high represents "0", and thus, a frame of data is composed of these high and low pulse sequences of different time lengths.
In the ECU or MCU, a frame structure is set according to a communication protocol to form a complete frame structure to be transmitted, wherein a 1 and a 0 in each byte in each frame are formed by digital sequences respectively representing different pulse widths of the 1 and the 0, and the control of the time occupied by one bit in the byte is represented by adopting a timer in the ECU or MCU and outputting a pulse width signal with corresponding time length through a general IO interface.
Similarly, the receiving end determines the time length of the high level of the IO port to determine that the receiving bit is "1" or "0" according to the time length of the timer of the ECU or the MCU.
The transmission or the reception of the pulse width modulation bus is completed in the ECU or the MCU, but the signal transmission levels between the MCU and the ECU are different, the transmission and the reception of the MCU end adopt a 3.3V level transmission mode, and the transmission and the reception of the ECU end adopt a 12V or 24V level, so that the signal levels at the two ends are inconsistent, and the information transmission cannot be directly carried out.
As shown in fig. 2, the utility model provides a pulse width modulation automobile diagnosis bus interface circuit, including microcontroller MCU and the pulse width modulation bus interface circuit who connects gradually, wherein, USB interface connection PC is passed through to microcontroller MCU's one end to the diagnosis control command of receiving the host computer transmission, the microcontroller MCU other end is connected to through 2 input/output IO mouths two input VPWM _ TX _ P and VPWM _ TX _ N of pulse width modulation bus interface circuit's transmitting circuit, the level conversion circuit who constitutes by discrete components and parts makes the transmission signal level convert to and accords with ECU bus interface level, and two output PWM _ P and PWM _ N of transmitting circuit link to each other with automobile ECU unit through the OBD interface. One end of a pulse width modulation bus interface circuit receiving circuit is connected with a PWM _ P end in an automobile OBD interface bus so as to receive a data stream sent by an ECU (electronic control Unit), the level data stream of the ECU is converted into a level signal of a microcontroller of a diagnostic instrument through level conversion of the receiving circuit, and the level signal is connected to a receiving end VPWM _ RX _ P of the microcontroller MCU.
The pulse width modulation automobile diagnosis bus interface shown in fig. 3 comprises a transmitting circuit and a receiving circuit.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, when the PWM signal is transmitted, the input terminals of the transmitting circuit are VPWM _ TX _ P and VPWM _ TX _ N, which are respectively connected to two PWM IO ports of the MCU. Further, one end of a resistor R4 connected with a resistor R7 in parallel is connected to a sending input end VPWM _ TX _ P, one end of a resistor R4 is connected with a base electrode of a second triode Q2, the resistor R7 is connected with an emitter electrode of a second triode Q2, a collector electrode of the second triode is connected with one end of a resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with a base electrode of a first triode, an emitter electrode of the first triode is connected with a VBAT end of the automobile level voltage 12V or 24V, a collector electrode of the first triode is connected with one end of the resistor R6, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with one end of the resistor R7 and an emitter electrode of the second triode Q2 in parallel and then connected with a ground. The collector of the first triode is connected with one end of a resistor R6 and then is connected to a PWM _ P line of an automobile OBD interface, so that the bus level is converted from 3.3V into the automobile battery voltage, and one path of sending signals is received by an automobile ECU.
In one embodiment, the other transmission IO port of the microcontroller MCU is connected to the VPWM _ TX _ N terminal of the PWM interface circuit, one end of the resistor R9 is connected in parallel with one end of the resistor R12 and then connected to the VPWM _ TX _ N terminal, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected in parallel with one end of the resistor R10 and then connected to the power supply 3.3V, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the base of the fourth transistor, the other end of the resistor R10 is connected in parallel with one end of the resistor R11 and then connected to the collector of the fourth transistor, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the base of the third transistor, the emitter of the third transistor is connected in parallel with the emitter of the fourth transistor and then connected to the ground GND, one end of the resistor R8 is connected to VBAT of the vehicle level voltage 12V or 24V, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to the collector of the third transistor and then connected to the PWM.
Transmitting the variable pulse width modulation signal VPW, as shown in fig. 4, in an embodiment, an IO port of the variable pulse width modulation signal VPW of the diagnostic device MCU is connected to a VPWM _ TX _ P terminal of the transmitting circuit, further, one end of a resistor R4 and a resistor R7 connected in parallel is connected to the VPWM _ TX _ P terminal of the transmitting circuit, one end of a resistor R4 is connected to a base of a second transistor Q2, a resistor R7 is connected to an emitter of the second transistor Q2, a collector of the second transistor is connected to one end of a resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to a base of the first transistor, an emitter of the first transistor is connected to a VBAT terminal of the vehicle level voltage 12V or 24V, a collector of the first transistor is connected to one end of a resistor R6, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to one end of the R7 and an emitter of the second transistor Q2 GND and then connected. The collector of the first triode is connected with one end of a resistor R6 and then is connected to a PWM _ P line of an automobile OBD interface, so that the bus level is converted into the automobile battery voltage from 3.3V, and the variable pulse width modulation signal VPW is received by an automobile ECU.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the receiving of the pulse width modulated signal PWM and the receiving of the variable pulse width VPW signal are performed using the same receiving circuit. The bus signal is received and connected to a PWM _ P bus of an OBD port of the automobile end through one end of a resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to a 3 rd pin of an operational amplifier U1, a 2 nd pin of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with one end of a resistor R5, and the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with a power supply VCC3V 3.
The 8 th pin of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the VBAT end of the automobile level voltage 12V or 24V, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the power supply 3.3V, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the 1 st pin of the operational amplifier U1 in parallel and then connected to the MCU receiving port VPWM _ RX _ P end of the diagnostic instrument, and the signal to be transmitted by the bus of the automobile ECU is transmitted to the diagnostic instrument MCU through the circuit, so that the pulse width modulation bus signal is received.
The utility model discloses bus send-receive signal work flow as follows:
the pulse width modulation signal PWM sent by the diagnostic instrument microcontroller MCU is two differential signals with opposite phases which are respectively connected to a VPWM _ TX _ P end and a VPWM _ TX _ N end of a level conversion circuit, wherein the VPWM _ TX _ P signal is connected to a PWM _ P end of an automobile OBD interface through a level conversion network consisting of a resistor R2, a resistor R4, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a first triode Q1 and a second triode Q2. The other signal VPWM _ TX _ N is connected to a PWM _ N terminal of the automobile OBD interface through a level conversion network consisting of a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a third transistor Q3 and a fourth transistor Q4. After passing through the conversion network, the pulse width modulation signal PWM sent by the diagnostic instrument is transmitted to the ECU side of the vehicle.
When the diagnostic instrument microcontroller MCU sends a variable pulse width signal VPW, the VPW signal is connected to a VPWM _ TX _ P end of a level conversion circuit, and then is connected to a PWM _ P end of an automobile OBD interface through a level conversion network consisting of a resistor R2, a resistor R4, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a first triode Q1 and a second triode Q2. After passing through the conversion network, the variable pulse width modulation VPW signal sent by the diagnostic instrument is transmitted to the automobile ECU terminal.
Firstly, the ECU transmits the pulse width modulation bus signal to a PWM _ P end of an OBD diagnostic port at an automobile end, and then the PWM _ P end is connected to a VPWM _ RX _ P end of the MCU of the diagnostic instrument through a level conversion network consisting of a resistor R1, a resistor R3, a resistor R5 and an operational amplifier U1. Through the switching network, the pulse width modulation signals sent by the automobile ECU are transmitted to the diagnostic instrument microcontroller MCU.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications, equivalent changes and modifications using the above-described technical content, all of which fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A pulse width modulated automotive diagnostic bus interface circuit, comprising:
one end of the microcontroller MCU is connected to the PC through a USB interface so as to receive a diagnosis control command transmitted by the PC, and the other end of the microcontroller MCU is connected to two MCU transmitting ends VPWM _ TX _ P and VPWM _ TX _ N of the pulse width modulation bus interface circuit through two input/output IO ports;
the pulse width modulation bus interface circuit comprises a transmitting circuit and a receiving circuit, one end of the transmitting circuit is connected with two MCU transmitting ends VPWM _ TX _ P and VPWM _ TX _ N, received signal level is converted to accord with ECU bus interface level and then transmitted to two automobile OBD interface line ends PWM _ P and PWM _ N, one end of the receiving circuit is connected with the automobile OBD interface line end PWM _ P in diagnosis, and level signals of an automobile ECU are converted to microcontroller MCU level signals and then transmitted to an MCU receiving end VPWM _ RX _ P.
2. The pulse width modulated automotive diagnostic bus interface circuit of claim 1, wherein the transmit circuit comprises: a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) transmitting circuit and a variable pulse width modulation (VPW) transmitting circuit which multiplexes partial elements with the PWM transmitting circuit.
3. The PWM automotive diagnostic bus interface circuit according to claim 2, wherein the PWM transmit circuit comprises: a first branch and a second branch.
4. The pulse width modulated automotive diagnostic bus interface circuit of claim 3, wherein the first branch comprises: the second resistor, the fourth resistor, the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor, the first triode, the second triode, wherein, the base of first triode is connected to the one end of second resistor, the collecting electrode of second triode is connected to the other end, MCU sending terminal VPWM _ TX _ P is connected to the one end of fourth resistor, the base at the third extreme of second is connected to the other end, the collecting electrode of first triode is connected to the one end of sixth resistor, the other end ground connection, MCU sending terminal VPWM _ TX _ P is connected to the one end of seventh resistor, other end ground connection, car level voltage is connected to the projecting pole of first triode, car OBD interface line terminal PWM _ P is connected to the collecting electrode, the projecting pole ground connection of second triode.
5. The pulse width modulated automotive diagnostic bus interface circuit of claim 3, wherein the second branch comprises: the eighth resistor, the ninth resistor, the tenth resistor, the eleventh resistor, the twelfth resistor, the third triode, the fourth triode, wherein, car level voltage is connected to the one end of eighth resistor, the collecting electrode of third triode is connected to the other end, the power is connected to the one end of ninth resistor, MCU sending terminal VPWM _ TX _ N is connected to the other end, the power is connected to the one end of tenth resistor, the collecting electrode of fourth triode is connected to the other end, the base of third triode is connected to the one end of eleventh resistor, the collecting electrode of fourth triode is connected to the other end, the emitting electrode of third triode and fourth triode all grounds, car OBD interface terminal PWM _ N is connected to the collecting electrode of third triode.
6. The pwm automotive diagnostic bus interface circuit of claim 2, wherein the variable pwm VPW transmit circuit comprises: the second resistor, the fourth resistor, the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor, the first triode, the second triode, wherein, the base of first triode is connected to the one end of second resistor, the collecting electrode of second triode is connected to the other end, MCU sending terminal VPWM _ TX _ P is connected to the one end of fourth resistor, the base at the third extreme of second is connected to the other end, the collecting electrode of first triode is connected to the one end of sixth resistor, the other end ground connection, MCU sending terminal VPWM _ TX _ P is connected to the one end of seventh resistor, other end ground connection, car level voltage is connected to the projecting pole of first triode, car OBD interface line terminal PWM _ P is connected to the collecting electrode, the projecting pole ground connection of second triode.
7. The pulse width modulated automotive diagnostic bus interface circuit of claim 1, wherein the receiving circuit comprises: the automobile OBD interface circuit comprises a first resistor, a third resistor, a fifth resistor and an operational amplifier, wherein one end of the first resistor is connected with a power supply, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier, one end of the third resistor is connected with an automobile OBD interface line end PWM _ P, the other end of the third resistor is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier, one end of the fifth resistor is connected with the power supply, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and the output end of the operational amplifier.
8. A diagnostic system, the diagnostic system comprising: the diagnostic device comprises a PC and a diagnostic instrument, wherein the PC is connected to the diagnostic instrument through a USB, and the diagnostic instrument is connected to an automobile ECU through an OBD bus in the diagnostic process, and the diagnostic device is characterized by comprising the pulse width modulation automobile diagnostic bus interface circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922008648.4U CN211044009U (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2019-11-20 | Pulse width modulation automobile diagnosis bus interface circuit and diagnosis system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201922008648.4U CN211044009U (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2019-11-20 | Pulse width modulation automobile diagnosis bus interface circuit and diagnosis system |
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| CN211044009U true CN211044009U (en) | 2020-07-17 |
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| CN201922008648.4U Active CN211044009U (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2019-11-20 | Pulse width modulation automobile diagnosis bus interface circuit and diagnosis system |
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