CN211014959U - Entanglement source generating device based on Michelson interferometer - Google Patents
Entanglement source generating device based on Michelson interferometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN211014959U CN211014959U CN202020033862.5U CN202020033862U CN211014959U CN 211014959 U CN211014959 U CN 211014959U CN 202020033862 U CN202020033862 U CN 202020033862U CN 211014959 U CN211014959 U CN 211014959U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an entanglement source produces device based on michelson interferometer, including pump light source, dichroic mirror DM, dual wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS, dual wavelength half waveplate HWP, nonlinear crystal one and nonlinear crystal two, be equipped with dichroic mirror DM and dual wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS on pump light source's the emergent light in proper order, be equipped with nonlinear crystal one on dual wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS's the transmission light path, be equipped with dual wavelength half waveplate HWP and nonlinear crystal two on dual wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS's a reflection light path in proper order, be equipped with output port one on dual wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS's another emergent light path, be equipped with output port two on dichroic mirror DM's the reflection light path. The utility model discloses the light path is adjusted conveniently, and the device conventionality need not the customization, and the device is small in quantity, simple structure, small and exquisite, and the pumping light passes through the crystal twice, and half length, low cost can be reduced to required crystal.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a quantum communication technology field, concretely relates to entanglement source produces device based on michelson interferometer.
Background
The two-photon entangled state of an optical system is generally generated based on the nonlinear effect in a nonlinear crystal, a waveguide or an optical fiber, and related photon pairs are generated through processes such as spontaneous parameters and the like and further interfered to generate entanglement.
BBO crystals are generally low in brightness for entanglement sources prepared based on such crystals due to thickness limitations imposed by phase matching and walk-off effects. The quasi-phase matching technology based on the periodically polarized crystal can ensure that the phase matching condition is basically met in the whole crystal range by designing the periodic structure, so that the action length of light and the crystal far exceeds that of the quasi-phase matching crystal of a single crystal, the nonlinear efficiency of the whole crystal is greatly improved, and the brightness of an entanglement source is improved by 1-3 orders of magnitude relative to a BBO crystal-based scheme.
The conventional technical scheme shown in figure 1 is similar to the scheme disclosed by Chinese patent CN 201810306394, and a two-color PBS and a reflector are used for building a Sagnac ring, wherein horizontal and vertical polarization components of pump light are respectively transmitted along clockwise and anticlockwise directions of the ring and are respectively incident from two ends of the crystal to generate parameter light which is transmitted oppositely, the parameter light is respectively transmitted along the clockwise and anticlockwise directions and is combined and entangled after returning to the PBS, the scheme has the defects that the pump light and signal light are transmitted on the same optical path, the clockwise and anticlockwise optical paths are overlapped, the pump light and the parameter light optical path are overlapped, when the parameter light parameter needs to be optimized and the position of an optical element in the ring is moved or parameters such as pitching angle, swing angle and the like are adjusted, the pump light transmitted in two directions can be influenced, so that the parameter light parameters generated by parameter conversion of the two directions are changed, the slight movement can cause that the closeness of the whole ring can be damaged, the entanglement cannot be generated, so that the whole zone ring is difficult to be adjusted once the polarization state of the sample optical Fiber needs to be finely adjusted and the coherence L represents the ultraviolet analyzer-Detector.
In the scheme of the chinese patent 201810955748, an unconventional device with fine design and processing is used to separate the horizontal and vertical polarization components of the pump light, and generate entangled photon pairs by incidence from different positions of a crystal, and the structure is small. However, due to the width limitation (generally 2mm) of the nonlinear crystal, the size of the optical element for realizing beam turning must be small, and the inside needs to be plated with films with different requirements, and devices such as a half-wave plate and the like are integrated, so that the manufacturing process is complex and the cost is high.
Chinese patent 201821851057 proposes a scheme using two crystals, in which the pump light with horizontal and vertical components is transmitted in different optical paths and can be separately controlled, so that such a system is convenient to adjust, and has the disadvantage that if it is desired to achieve the same brightness as other schemes, two periodically polarized nonlinear crystals are used, and the cost of the crystals is high, thus resulting in an increase in the cost of the whole scheme.
Disclosure of Invention
To the light path regulation difficulty that above-mentioned prior art relates, the complicated with high costs of customization design device technology, shortcoming such as twin crystal height, the utility model provides an entanglement source based on michelson interferometer produces the device, the utility model discloses light path is adjusted conveniently, and the device is conventional need not the customization, and the device is small in quantity, simple structure, small and exquisite, and pumping light passes through the crystal twice, and half length, low cost can be reduced to required crystal.
In order to realize the technical purpose, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who takes does:
a device for generating an entanglement source based on a Michelson interferometer comprises a pump light source, a dichroic mirror DM, a dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS, a dual-wavelength half-wave plate HWP, a first nonlinear crystal and a second nonlinear crystal, wherein the dichroic mirror DM and the dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS are sequentially arranged on the light emitting path of the pump light source, a first nonlinear crystal is arranged on the light transmitting path of the dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS, one end face of the first nonlinear crystal is a dual-wavelength antireflection film, the other end face of the first nonlinear crystal is a dual-wavelength high reflection film, a dual-wavelength half-wave plate HWP and the second nonlinear crystal are sequentially arranged on the light reflecting path of the dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS, one end face of the second nonlinear crystal is a dual-wavelength antireflection film, the other end face of the second nonlinear crystal is a dual-wavelength high reflection film, a first output port and a second output port for collecting parametric light reflected and transmitted by the dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS are arranged on the other light emitting path, the output port II is arranged on the reflection light path of the dichroic mirror DM and is used for collecting the parameter light reflected by the dichroic mirror DM; and the nonlinear crystal I and the nonlinear crystal II are both used for generating a conversion process under the II-type parameter to generate a correlated photon pair.
Further, the pump light source is a pump light wavelength laser module, the laser horizontal and vertical polarization component intensities output by the pump light wavelength laser module are the same, and an isolator is arranged in the pump light wavelength laser module.
Further, the pump light wavelength laser module includes a laser of arbitrary linear polarization output and a half-wave plate that rotates the polarization to 45 °.
Further, the angle of the dual wavelength half-wave plate HWP is set to 45 °.
Further, the first nonlinear crystal and the second nonlinear crystal both comprise PPKTP crystals or PP L N crystals.
Furthermore, the optical path length formed by the center of the dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS and the nonlinear crystal I is equal to the optical path length formed by the center of the dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS and the nonlinear crystal I.
Further, the first output port is connected with the entangled light source testing light path, the collecting light path or the detecting light path, and the second output port is connected with the entangled light source testing light path, the collecting light path or the detecting light path.
As the utility model discloses further modified technical scheme still includes lens one and lens two, lens one is located between dichroic mirror DM and the dual wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS, lens two is located between dual wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS and the output port.
As the utility model discloses further modified technical scheme, a lens focus equals distance between the high reflectance coating of a lens center and nonlinear crystal one, lens two equals with a lens focus, and lens one equals with two wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS central distance and lens two and two wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS central distance.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the utility model provides an entanglement source produces device and method based on michelson interferometer, wherein, the level and the vertical component of pump light are respectively through the different two arms of michelson interferometer, so the parameter light sum pump light of level and vertical component can all be adjusted alone, and can not be influential to other components to arbitrary all the way as the benchmark, will be in addition all the way transfer to in PBS department coincidence can, it is convenient to adjust.
(2) The reflecting mirror required by the interferometer is realized by plating a high-reflection film on one end face of the nonlinear crystal, so that other elements such as the reflecting mirror and the like do not need to be added, the number of devices is small, and the structure is simple. The high reflection film plated on the nonlinear crystal is the most conventional film plated on the crystal, and the mature process is low in cost.
(3) Because the pumping light is reflected back after passing through the nonlinear crystal, the pumping light passes through the crystal twice, and on the premise of keeping the same action length of the pumping light and the crystal as other schemes, the length of a single crystal is half of that of other schemes, and further, although two crystals are used, the cost is not increased.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a prior art conventional preparation scheme of entanglement source based on Sagnac loop.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the entanglement source preparation system based on the michelson interferometer structure.
Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further explains the embodiments of the present invention with reference to fig. 2 to 3:
as shown in fig. 2, the device for generating an entanglement source based on a michelson interferometer comprises a pump light source, a dichroic mirror DM, a dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS, a dual-wavelength half-wave plate HWP, a first nonlinear crystal and a second nonlinear crystal. Be equipped with dichroscope DM and dual wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS in proper order on pump light source's the emergent light path, be equipped with nonlinear crystal one on dual wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS's the transmission light path, be equipped with dual wavelength half-wave plate HWP and nonlinear crystal two in proper order on dual wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS's a reflection light path, be equipped with output port one on dual wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS's another emergent light path, and output port one is used for collecting by dual wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS reflection and transmitted parameter light, be equipped with output port two and output port two in the collection by the parametric light of dichroscope DM reflection on the dichroscope DM's reflection light path.
The pumping light source is a pumping light wavelength laser module, and the output laser horizontal and vertical polarization component intensities are the same. Including but not limited to a laser emitting 45 ° polarized laser light directly, or a module of any linear polarization output laser and polarization adjusting device.
The laser of the pump light source can be internally provided with an isolator, and the isolator can also be arranged outside the laser to prevent the returned pump light from entering the laser.
The dichroic mirror DM is used for realizing the separation of the pump light and the parameter light path, the pump wavelength photons are transmitted through the dichroic mirror DM, and the returned parameter light wavelength photons are reflected through the dichroic mirror DM and enter the output port two light path.
The dichroic polarizing beamsplitter PBS is used to transmit horizontally polarized light and reflect vertically polarized light.
The dual wavelength half waveplate HWP is used to adjust the polarization state of two wavelength photons. The angle is set at 45 deg., and the polarization of the passing beam is rotated by 90 deg.. The vertical polarization state pump light reflected by the PBS is adjusted to a horizontal polarization state.
The nonlinear crystal I and the nonlinear crystal II have the same functions and parameters and are used for generating a type II parametric down-conversion process to generate a correlated photon pair.
The first nonlinear crystal and the second nonlinear crystal include but are not limited to periodically poled crystals such as PPKTP, PP L N, and the like.
The nonlinear crystal I and the nonlinear crystal II are along the transmission direction of the pump light, one end face of the nonlinear crystal I and the nonlinear crystal II is a conventional dual-wavelength antireflection film, and light is incident from the end face; and the other end face is a dual-wavelength high-reflection film which reflects incident beams back.
The method for generating the entanglement source based on the Michelson interferometer comprises the following steps:
(1) the pumping light source outputs pumping light with the same horizontal and vertical polarization component intensity, and the pumping light enters the dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS through the dichroic mirror DM; the pumping light is subjected to PBS beam splitting, and horizontal H components and vertical V components of the pumping light respectively enter light paths where the nonlinear crystal I and the nonlinear crystal II are located;
(2) the horizontal H component of the pump light generates parametric conversion process in the nonlinear crystal I to generate associated photon pairs H with mutually vertical polarization1And V1(ii) a After being reflected by one end face of the nonlinear crystal, the pump light and the associated photon pairs are reflected back to the original light path; the pump light continuously acts on the nonlinear crystal to generate a correlated photon pair;
(3) nonlinear crystal-generated correlated photon pairs H with mutually perpendicular polarizations1And V1Splitting at PBS, vertically polarized photons V1Enters an optical path of the output port and horizontally polarizes photons H1The light is reflected by the dichroic mirror DM to enter a second light path of the output port;
(4) vertical of pump lightAfter the straight V component passes through the wave plate HWP, the polarization is rotated into horizontal H polarization, and a parametric conversion process is carried out in the nonlinear crystal II to generate a related photon pair H with mutually vertical polarization2And V2(ii) a After being reflected by the two end faces of the nonlinear crystal, the pump light and the associated photon pairs are reflected back to the original light path; the pump light continuously acts on the nonlinear crystal to generate a correlated photon pair;
(6) the horizontal and vertical polarization components of the related photon pair with mutually vertical polarization generated by the nonlinear crystal II are exchanged after passing through the HWP, the beam is divided at the PBS, and the horizontal polarization photon H is2Entering an optical path of the output port, vertically polarized photons V2And is reflected by the dichroic mirror DM to enter the second output port optical path.
The optical path length composed of the center of the PBS and the first nonlinear crystal is equal to the optical path length composed of the center of the PBS and the first nonlinear crystal.
And entangled photon pairs generated by the nonlinear crystal I and the nonlinear crystal II simultaneously reach the output port I and the output port II simultaneously. The first output port and the second output port generate entangled states with quantum states of HV +/-VH.
The horizontal H-polarized pump light and the vertical V-polarized pump light reflected by the present embodiment are combined by the PBS, transmitted by the DM, and returned to the pump laser optical path.
The first output port and the second output port can be connected with an entangled light source test light path, a collection light path or a detection light path and the like according to experimental requirements.
In order to further improve the entanglement preparation brightness, the system can be additionally provided with a lens group, and the horizontal component and the vertical component of the pumping light beam are respectively focused on the high-reflection end faces of the first nonlinear crystal and the second nonlinear crystal.
The detailed structure of the embodiment is shown in fig. 3.
The system comprises a 405nm laser module, a dichroic mirror DM, a dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS, a dual-wavelength half-wave plate HWP, PPKTP1 (nonlinear crystal I), PPKTP2 (nonlinear crystal II), a lens I F1 and a lens II F2.
The 405nm laser module is a system pump light source that includes a laser with a horizontally polarized output and a half-wave plate that rotates the polarization to 45 °.
The 405nm laser module is internally provided with an isolator for preventing the returned pump light from entering the laser.
The dichroic mirror DM is used for realizing the separation of the pump light and the parameter light path, photons with the pump wavelength of 405nm are transmitted through the dichroic mirror DM, and returned photons with the parameter light wavelength of 810nm are reflected through the dichroic mirror DM and enter the output port two light path.
The dichroic polarizing beamsplitter PBS is used to transmit horizontally polarized light and reflect vertically polarized light.
The dual wavelength half waveplate HWP is used to adjust the polarization state of two wavelength photons. The angle is set at 45 deg., and the polarization of the passing beam is rotated by 90 deg.. The vertical polarization state pump light reflected by the PBS is adjusted to a horizontal polarization state.
The PPKTP1 and the PPKTP2 have the same function and parameters and are used for generating a conversion process under the II-type parameter to generate a correlated photon pair.
PPKTP1 and PPKTP2 are along the transmission direction of the pump light, one end face is a conventional dual-wavelength antireflection film, and light enters from the face; and the other end face is a dual-wavelength high-reflection film which reflects incident beams back.
The first lens F1 focal length is equal to the distance between the center of the F1 device and the PPKTP1 high-reflection film. The first lens F1 is used for focusing the pump light, improving the parametric light generation efficiency, and converting the generated parametric light into parallel light. The second lens F2 has the same focal length as the first lens F1. Lens one F1 is equidistant from the PBS center as lens two F2 is equidistant from the PBS center. The second lens F2 is used for converting the generated parametric light into parallel light, thereby improving the collection efficiency of the parametric light.
The 405nm pump light of the present embodiment passes through the PBS beam splitting effect, and the horizontal H and vertical V components thereof enter the optical paths of PPKTP1 and PPKTP2, respectively.
The horizontal H component of the pump light generates parametric conversion process in the PPKTP1 to generate associated photon pairs H with mutually vertical polarization1And V1. After the reflection of the end face of the PPKTP1 dual-wavelength high-reflection film, the pump light and the associated photon pairs are reflected back to the original light path. The pump light continues to interact with PPKTP1, producing an associated photon pair.
PPKTP1 productionCorrelated photon pair H with mutually perpendicular polarizations1And V1Splitting at PBS, vertically polarized photons V1Enters an optical path of the output port and horizontally polarizes photons H1And is reflected by the dichroic mirror DM to enter the second output port optical path.
After the vertical V component of the pump light passes through the wave plate HWP, the polarization is rotated into horizontal H polarization, and a parametric conversion process is carried out in the PPKTP2 to generate associated photon pairs H with mutually vertical polarization2And V2。
After being reflected by the PPKTP2 end face dual-wavelength high-reflection film, the pump light and the associated photon pairs are reflected back to the original light path. The pump light continues to interact with PPKTP2, producing an associated photon pair.
The PPKTP2 generates the associated photon pair with mutually vertical polarization, the horizontal polarization component and the vertical polarization component are exchanged after the HWP, the beam is divided at the PBS, and the horizontal polarization photon H2Entering an optical path of the output port, vertically polarized photons V2And is reflected by the dichroic mirror DM to enter the second output port optical path.
The length of the optical path formed by the PBS and the PPKTP1 is equal to that of the optical path formed by the PBS and the PPKTP 2.
Entangled photon pairs generated by PPKTP1 and PPKTP2 simultaneously reach the first output port and the second output port simultaneously.
The first output port and the second output port generate entangled states with quantum states of HV +/-VH.
The reflected horizontal H-polarized pump light and the reflected vertical V-polarized pump light are combined by PBS, transmitted by DM, returned to the pump laser light path and absorbed by the isolator.
The protection scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to the above embodiments, the protection scope of the present invention is subject to the claims, and any replacement, deformation, and improvement that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art made by the present technology all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an entanglement source produces device based on michelson interferometer which characterized in that: the dual-wavelength light source comprises a pump light source, a dichroic mirror DM, a dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS, a dual-wavelength half-wave plate HWP, a first nonlinear crystal and a second nonlinear crystal, wherein the dichroic mirror DM and the dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS are sequentially arranged on an emergent light path of the pump light source, the first nonlinear crystal is arranged on a transmission light path of the dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS, one end face of the first nonlinear crystal is a dual-wavelength antireflection film, the other end face of the first nonlinear crystal is a dual-wavelength high reflection film, the dual-wavelength half-wave plate HWP and the second nonlinear crystal are sequentially arranged on a reflection light path of the dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS, one end face of the second nonlinear crystal is a dual-wavelength antireflection film, the other end face of the second nonlinear crystal is a dual-wavelength high reflection film, and the other outgoing light path of the dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS is provided with a first output port and a second output port, the output port II is arranged on the reflection light path of the dichroic mirror DM and is used for collecting the parameter light reflected by the dichroic mirror DM; and the nonlinear crystal I and the nonlinear crystal II are both used for generating a conversion process under the II-type parameter to generate a correlated photon pair.
2. The michelson interferometer-based entanglement source generating device of claim 1, wherein: the pump light source is a pump light wavelength laser module, the laser horizontal and vertical polarization component intensities output by the pump light wavelength laser are the same, and an isolator is arranged in the pump light wavelength laser module.
3. The michelson interferometer-based entanglement source generating device of claim 2, wherein: the pump light wavelength laser module contains a laser of arbitrary linear polarization output and a half-wave plate that rotates the polarization to 45 °.
4. The michelson interferometer-based entanglement source generating device of claim 1, wherein: the angle of the dual wavelength half waveplate HWP is set to 45 °.
5. The Michelson interferometer-based entanglement source generating device of claim 1, wherein both the first nonlinear crystal and the second nonlinear crystal comprise a PPKTP crystal or a PP L N crystal.
6. The michelson interferometer-based entanglement source generating device of claim 1, wherein: the optical path length formed by the center of the dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS and the nonlinear crystal I is equal to the optical path length formed by the center of the dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS and the nonlinear crystal I.
7. The michelson interferometer-based entanglement source generating device of claim 1, wherein: the first output port is connected with the entangled light source testing light path, the collecting light path or the detecting light path, and the second output port is connected with the entangled light source testing light path, the collecting light path or the detecting light path.
8. The michelson interferometer-based entanglement source generating device of claim 1, wherein: the dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter comprises a dichroic mirror DM, a dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS and a first lens and a second lens, wherein the first lens is positioned between the dichroic mirror DM and the dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS, and the second lens is positioned between the dual-wavelength polarization beam splitter PBS and a first output port.
9. The michelson interferometer-based entanglement source generating device of claim 8, wherein: the focal length of the first lens is equal to the distance between the center of the first lens and the high-reflection film with double wavelengths of the nonlinear first crystal, the focal length of the second lens is equal to the focal length of the first lens, and the central distance between the first lens and the PBS with double-wavelength polarization beam splitter is equal to the central distance between the second lens and the PBS with double-wavelength polarization beam splitter.
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