CN211011364U - Fuel pipe and combustor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fuel pipe and combustor. The disclosed fuel pipe is a main pipe, one end of the main pipe is provided with a fuel inlet, the other end of the main pipe is closed, the main pipe is spiral, the main pipe is provided with a plurality of fuel spray holes and a fuel outlet, and the aperture of the fuel outlet is larger than that of the fuel spray holes. The disclosed burner includes a housing in which is mounted a fuel pipe and a fuel delivery pipe of the present invention. The utility model discloses synthesize and mix combustion technique and fuel staged combustion technique in advance, through mixing the mode in advance effectively, can guarantee the stable burning of pilot burner, reduce the flame temperature of burning, reduce the local high-temperature region of burning, reach the purpose that reduces NOx and discharge.

Description

Fuel pipe and combustor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a combustor and burner, concretely relates to coil pipe formula fuel pipe and relevant combustor.

Background

The middle-low calorific value gas fuel is widely used in the production processes of industries such as coal production, coal chemical industry, petrochemical industry, steel, metallurgy, textile printing and dyeing and the like, such as coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, converter gas and the like. With the development of combustion technology, research on medium and low heating value gas fuel burners has mainly focused on improving the performance of the burners, and the attention on the control of nitrogen oxides in combustion flue gas is far from sufficient. For example, with the implementation of the latest atmospheric emission Standard (GB13223-2011), a number of national policies require gas boilers to have NOx emission mass concentrations controlled to 30mg/m³(Standard, 3.5% O2) or less. Whereas conventional burners have not been able to meet up-to-date emission requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

To the problems and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a fuel tube and associated burner for delivering fuel.

The utility model discloses a fuel pipe includes the main part pipe, and main part pipe one end opening is fuel inlet, and the other end is for sealing the form, its characterized in that, the main part pipe is the heliciform, and has seted up a plurality of fuel orifices and a fuel outlet on the main part pipe, the aperture of fuel outlet is greater than the aperture of arbitrary fuel orifice.

Preferably, the fuel spray holes on the fuel pipe of the utility model are gradually enlarged from the inside of the main body pipe to the outside of the main body pipe. That is, the hole diameter of the fuel nozzle hole gradually increases from the inside to the outside.

Preferably, the plurality of fuel injection holes of the present invention are distributed in a spiral shape on the main body pipe, and the fuel injection direction of each fuel injection hole is a radial direction of the spiral of the main body pipe.

Preferably, the fuel outlet of the present invention is near or at the middle position of the main tube.

The utility model discloses a burner which comprises a shell, wherein one end of the shell is a feeding end, the other end of the shell is an ignition end, and the feeding end is provided with a combustion-supporting gas inlet; the fuel pipe is arranged in the shell, a fuel inlet of the fuel pipe is positioned at a feed end of the shell, and the other end of the fuel pipe extends to the ignition end; combustion-supporting gas enters the shell from the combustion-supporting gas inlet and is mixed with fuel sprayed out of the fuel spray holes on the fuel pipe to form premixed gas; a fuel outlet pipe is connected to a fuel outlet of the fuel pipe, the fuel outlet pipe extends to an ignition end, and a fuel outlet through hole is formed in the end part of the fuel outlet pipe, which extends to the ignition end; the inner diameter of the fuel output pipe is smaller than that of the fuel pipe.

Preferably, the side wall of the end part of the fuel output pipe of the utility model is provided with a plurality of fuel output through holes along the circumferential direction; the end part of the fuel output pipe, provided with the fuel output through holes, is provided with a combustion stabilizing cover, the combustion stabilizing cover is in a hollow cone shape, the top of the cone is sleeved on the fuel output pipe, the fuel output through holes are positioned in the cone, the bottom of the cone is open, and the wall of the cone is provided with a plurality of vent holes; the premixed gas enters the stable combustion cover through the vent hole.

More preferably, the shape of the vent hole of the present invention is a triangle, and the top of the triangle is located at the top of the cone.

Furthermore, the utility model discloses install the burning torch in the casing and burning torch head is located the ignition end.

Further, the utility model discloses casing ignition end is equipped with central mounting disc, and this central mounting disc includes the main part dish, set up the mounting hole that is used for the installation to be located the casing internal part on the main part dish.

Further, the utility model discloses swirl device is installed to casing ignition end, and this swirl device includes the bladed disk and installs a plurality of blades in the bladed disk, the rotation direction of a plurality of blades is the same with the spiral to the soon.

The utility model has the advantages that:

(1) the fuel pipe of the utility model adopts the coil pipe mode, the coil pipe mode can enhance the disturbance of the combustion air in the premixing chamber, so that the gas and the combustion air are mixed more fully; fuel spray holes are distributed on the fuel pipe, so that combustion-supporting air in the premixing chamber is fully mixed with fuel gas, and the combustion is uniform and full;

(2) further, the utility model discloses the fuel orifice adopts the orifice pattern of gradual expanding formula, makes fuel injection speed obtain reducing, and the effectual emergence that prevents the burning tempering condition when premixing the burning has strengthened the stability security of premixing the burning with combustion air's mixture.

(3) The utility model adopts the coil pipe type fuel pipe to realize fuel classification and the premixing combustion technology, thereby reducing the combustion temperature, reducing the local combustion high temperature area and reducing the nitrogen oxide; the fuel output pipe or the pilot burner is led out from the fuel coil pipe;

(4) the utility model discloses fuel output tube or pilot lamp can adopt rich combustion mode, and the high temperature area of burning is evenly just avoided in the burning, reduces NOx's emission.

(5) Furthermore, the utility model integrates the mounting hole of the internal components (such as the pilot burner, the fire detection channel and the ignition gun) at the center of the outlet of the burner, which can enhance the stability of ignition and the stability of flame, and simultaneously can optimize the arrangement of the internal structure and reduce the on-way resistance of the burner;

(6) the tail part of the burner is provided with the cyclone device, so that the mixing of outlet gas is enhanced, and the local high temperature of combustion is reduced;

(7) the utility model discloses the combustor does not adopt flue gas extrinsic cycle structure, has strengthened the output of combustor, guarantees that boiler load performance can reach the requirement, reforms transform with low costsly.

(8) The utility model discloses having synthesized premixed combustion technique and fuel staged combustion technique, through mixing the mode in advance effectively, having guaranteed the stable burning of pilot burner, reduced the flame temperature of burning, reduced the local high-temperature region of burning, reached the purpose that reduces NOx and discharges. The utility model is particularly suitable for the combustion of low calorific value tail gas in boilers.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a burner according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the A-direction fuel coil configuration of FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a schematic reference view of a swirling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a central fixing plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a structure reference of an incandescent lamp in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic reference view of a combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a bottom view of fig. 7.

Detailed Description

Axial, radial, horizontal, vertical as described herein is in accordance with the axial, radial, horizontal, vertical of the component or device illustrated.

Referring to fig. 1-6, the main body tube of the fuel tube of the present invention is a spiral structure, one end of the spiral tube is a fuel inlet, and the other end of the spiral tube is a closed structure, and the fuel tube wall is provided with a plurality of fuel nozzles and a fuel outlet. The plurality of fuel spray holes are distributed on the main tube in a way that the fuel in the main tube can be sprayed out along the way, and the fuel is preferably sprayed out along the periphery of the way. For convenient installation, the fuel inlet end can be designed into a straight pipe.

The utility model discloses a fuel pipe can install in the combustor mixes the room in advance as fuel transfer passage, can realize that fuel along journey evenly distributed ground spout into mix in advance in the room in advance, and the reinforcing mixes combustion air disturbance in the room in advance, increases fuel and combustion air's the degree of mixing in advance simultaneously.

In order to meet the working requirements of the later integral burner, the fuel outlet is preferably positioned at the middle position or close to the middle position of the spiral pipe.

In the preferable scheme, the fuel spray holes on the fuel pipe are of a gradually expanding structure along the inside of the pipe outwards, the fuel spray speed can be at least reduced by adopting the gradually expanding structure, the premixing degree of combustion-supporting air and fuel is enhanced, the fuel at the inner side of the fuel spray holes ensures enough spray speed, the combustion backfire phenomenon is effectively prevented, and the combustion stability of the combustor is enhanced.

In order to ensure that the fuel coil is uniformly distributed in the radial direction and the axial direction along the way, the plurality of fuel spray holes are spirally distributed on the fuel pipe, and the fuel injection direction of each spray hole is along the spiral radial direction of the fuel pipe, so that the fuel injection directions of the plurality of fuel spray holes are distributed in different spiral radial directions. In a more preferable scheme, the fuel spray holes are distributed along the horizontal radial direction and the vertical radial direction of the spiral of the fuel pipe, and are opened at two sides of the fuel pipe, namely an outer spiral center line and an inner spiral center line along the spiral direction, for example, the spiral pipe is straightened, namely the fuel spray holes are distributed on two corresponding side axes of the straight pipe; it will also be understood that the fuel injection holes in each spiral coil are perforated radially in both horizontal and vertical directions relative to the horizontal plane A of the burner central axis, and it is further preferred that the fuel injection holes are angled at 45 to the plane A in the axial direction.

In more specific embodiments, the length and number of spirals of the fuel tube may be designed based on the rated evaporation rate during operation and the size requirements of the burner. For example, for a boiler burner rated for 2t/h of evaporation, the suggested pitch of the fuel tube is 80mm-120mm, and the suggested number of turns is 3-4. The selection of the aperture of the fuel spray hole can be determined according to the pressure of the fuel pipeline, and the fuel pipeline is ensured not to be tempered. For example: for the current natural gas burner, the pressure of a fuel pipeline is 5-20 KPa, when the pressure of fuel is 5KPa, the minimum size of the pore diameter is 3.9mm, and when the pressure of fuel is 20KPa, the minimum size of the pore diameter is 2.8mm, so that the phenomenon of tempering caused by the fluctuation of the fuel pipeline is avoided. The number and the aperture of the fuel spray holes can be comprehensively designed according to the fuel flow and the injection speed.

Further, a specific burner includes a housing and a fuel tube mounted in the housing, the fuel inlet of the fuel tube is located at the feed end of the housing, the closed end extends to the firing end of the housing, and the feed end of the housing is provided with a combustion-supporting gas inlet, from which combustion-supporting gas (e.g., air) enters the housing and mixes with fuel ejected from the fuel tube in the housing to form a premixed gas; the fuel output pipe is led out from the fuel outlet of the fuel pipe, the fuel output pipe extends to the ignition end, the end part of the extending end of the fuel output pipe is provided with a fuel output hole, the inner diameter of the fuel output pipe is smaller than that of the fuel pipe or the main body pipe, the fuel output pipe is used for outputting fuel on the one hand, and is used for stable combustion in the running process of the combustor on the one hand, so that the combustor can run stably for a long time, and meanwhile, the fuel output pipe can also serve as a cathode during ignition. In one embodiment, the fuel delivery tube may be a beacon of the art.

In a specific scheme, the flow of fuel and combustion-supporting gas in each working section can be realized by controlling the diameter and the aperture size of each pipe, for example, the fuel quantity in a fuel output pipe (pilot burner) accounts for 8-10% of the total fuel quantity; the fuel quantity in the fuel output pipe is 4-6 times of the flow of any fuel spray hole, so that the mixing of main path fuel and air is not affected.

In order to ensure stable combustion, the fuel output holes at the end parts of the fuel output pipes or the pilot burner are preferably arranged on the side walls of the end parts, so that the bottom surfaces of the end parts are of a closed structure, and in order to ensure stable combustion, a plurality of fuel output holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pipe wall.

In a further scheme, a stable combustion cover is arranged at the end part provided with the fuel output holes, the fuel output holes are positioned in the stable combustion cover, a combustion-supporting air vent hole is formed in the stable combustion cover, and premixed gas in the shell enters the stable combustion cover through the air vent hole; preferably, the whole stable combustion cover structure is a hollow cone or a similar hollow cone, namely, the stable combustion cover structure is in a horn mouth shape, the top of the cone is provided with an opening, the bottom of the cone is also provided with an opening, the opening at the top is sleeved on the fuel output pipe, and the wall of the cone is provided with a plurality of premixed gas vent holes. Preferably, the vent hole is triangular, and the top of the triangle is positioned at the top of the cone, so that the combustion-supporting air speed is gradually reduced along the radial direction, and the stability of the flame of the pilot burner is ensured. In a more preferable scheme, the included angle between the generatrix of the cone-shaped stable combustion cover and the axis is recommended to be 45-60 degrees.

More specifically, in a more preferred embodiment, the aperture and number of fuel nozzles, the aperture of fuel outlets, the position of fuel outlets on the fuel pipe, i.e., the position of the pilot burner (gas outlet pipe) on the fuel pipe, the inner diameter of the fuel outlet pipe, the size of the combustion stabilizing cap, and the number of ventilation openings in the combustion stabilizing cap are designed or selected in combination to ensure combustion stabilization and combustion efficiency of the burner. The pilot burner can directly ignite the main fuel and stabilize flame, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the boiler. The pilot burner runs rich, the excess air coefficient is 0.9, reduce NOx.

Further, an ignition gun or/and a fire detector are/is also arranged in the shell. The ignition gun is ignited by an electrode to play the ignition function of the combustor, the ignition gun head is a positive electrode, and the end part of the fuel output pipe or the flow stabilizing cover is a negative electrode. The fire detector is used for detecting flame of the combustor, so that the stability of combustion is ensured, and if flame is not detected during operation, a combustion gas conveying channel is cut off, so that the safety of the combustor is ensured. The fire detector 10 can be selected from ultraviolet fire detector.

In the more preferred embodiment, when installing burning torch and fire and examining, can be at integrated pilot burner, fire examine passageway and burning torch of combustor ignition end export center department, the stability of reinforcing ignition and the flame stability of pilot burner have rationally arranged combustor inner structure simultaneously, have strengthened inner structure's optimal arrangement, have reduced the on-the-way resistance of combustor.

For the installation of realizing each part in the casing, install central mounting disc at casing ignition end, offer the mounting hole that is used for the installation to be located casing internal part on the main part dish of central mounting disc, if surely fire cover mounting hole, burning torch mounting hole or/and fire and examine the mounting hole. More specifically, the opposite ends of the components may be mounted at the feed end of the housing by support bars or brackets of suitable construction.

In a further aspect, a swirling device is mounted at the firing end of the housing, and the swirling direction of the swirling device is the same as the helical rotation direction of the main tube. The swirl device is arranged at the end part of the ignition end of the shell and plays a role of rectification, so that fuel and combustion-supporting air are uniformly mixed, the local high temperature of combustion is reduced, and the emission of NOx is reduced. In a more specific configuration, the swirling device is mounted around a central mounting plate, i.e. as can be seen from fig. 1 and 3, the central mounting plate is located in the central portion of the swirling device. In a specific implementation mode, the components of the utility model can be connected by welding.

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the description of the embodiments herein is for purposes of illustration and explanation only and is not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1:

this embodiment is a specific fuel cartridge, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the fuel cartridge 7 is machined according to a spiral having a pitch of 100mm, a number of turns of 3, a pitch of 80mm to 100mm, and a suggested number of turns of 3 to 4;

the fuel pipe 7 is uniformly provided with a plurality of fuel spray holes 701, the spray directions of the fuel spray holes 701 are distributed along the horizontal radial direction and the vertical radial direction relative to the horizontal plane of the central axis of the fuel pipe, and the two sides of the coil pipe are provided with holes, the number of the holes is 29, in order to ensure that the fuel of the fuel coil pipe along the radial direction and the axial direction is uniformly distributed, the fuel spray holes 701 are gradually expanded fuel spray holes from the inside to the outside of the pipe, the diameter of the hole diameter of the spray hole positioned in the pipe is 2.9-3.9mm, the diameter of the hole diameter of the spray hole positioned outside the pipe is 4.5-5.; the fuel outlet 702 is located at an intermediate position of the fuel tube.

Example 2:

the embodiment is a specific burner, the structure of which is shown in fig. 1-6, and the burner is composed of a shell 9, a fuel pipe of the embodiment 1, a coil pipe bracket 8, a fire detector 10, a cyclone device 11, a central mounting plate 12, a pilot burner 13 (fuel output pipe) and an ignition gun 14;

the cyclone device is welded at the end part of the ignition end of the shell, the central mounting disc 12 is mounted at the center of the cyclone device 11, and a pilot lamp mounting hole 1201, a fire detection mounting hole 1202 and an ignition gun mounting hole 1203 are reserved on the central mounting disc, wherein the pilot lamp mounting hole is positioned at the center, and the ignition gun and the fire detection mounting hole are positioned at the side of the pilot lamp mounting hole; the fuel pipe 7 is arranged on a central axis in the shell, the fuel inlet end is welded on the inner wall of the feed end of the shell 9 by using a coil pipe support 8, in order to ensure stable installation, the number of the supports can be multiple, such as three, the other end of the supports is connected with the pilot burner 13 through a fuel outlet, the other end of the pilot burner is fixedly welded on a central installation disc of the ignition end of the shell 9, and the installation position is ensured by fixing the pilot burner 13; the central mounting plate is secured to lie on the central axis of the device when installed, thereby securing the position of the fuel pipe 71 by its connection to the central mounting plate 12;

the ignition gun 14 and the ultraviolet fire detector 10 are also arranged in the shell 9, one end of the ignition gun extends out of the shell and is connected with a corresponding control part, and the other end of the ignition gun is welded on the central mounting plate; the ignition gun head is arranged at a position 14mm away from the central axis of the combustor and 4mm inward from the outer end face of the stable combustion cover;

the rotational flow device comprises a blade disc and blades, wherein the number of the blades is 10, and the rotational direction of the blades is consistent with that of the fuel coil pipe 7 and rotates clockwise;

the pilot burner 13 is a fuel outlet pipe 1304, the end of the fuel outlet pipe at the ignition end is circumferentially provided with a plurality of fuel outlet holes 1303, the end is provided with a bell-mouth-shaped combustion stabilizing cover 1301, the combustion stabilizing cover is provided with a plurality of vent holes 1302, the fuel outlet pipe 1304 is welded and fixed with the fuel pipe 7, and the other end is welded and fixed with the central mounting plate 12; in order to ensure the air quantity and the air speed of the combustion-supporting air of the pilot burner, the vent holes 1302 are triangular, the combustion-supporting air speed is gradually reduced along the radial direction, the stability of the flame of the pilot burner is ensured, the number of the vent holes is 8-10, and the sufficient combustion-supporting air quantity is ensured; the inner diameter of the fuel output pipe 1304 is 10mm, the diameter of the fuel spray holes is 1.6mm-2mm, the number of the holes is 8, meanwhile, the butt joint position of the fuel output pipe 1304 and the fuel pipe 7 is located in the middle of the spiral line of the coil of the fuel pipe 7, the fuel quantity of the pilot burner 13 accounts for 8% -10% of the total fuel quantity, and the fuel supply pressure of the pilot burner 13 and the stable combustion of a combustor are guaranteed;

the fuel pipe 7 is used as a fuel conveying channel, fuel enters the pipe through a fuel inlet, then the fuel is uniformly conveyed to a combustion chamber in a shell of combustion gas through fuel spray holes distributed on the fuel inlet and is mixed with combustion-supporting gas in the shell to form premixed gas, the premixed gas enters a stable combustion cover through a gas hole and then is further mixed with the fuel output from the pilot burner at an ignition end, the ignition gun head is ignited and combusted through an ignition gun to be a positive electrode, and the stable combustion cover is a negative electrode.

Example 3:

this embodiment is an application example of the present invention, specifically a combustion apparatus, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, including six parts of the combustor 1 of embodiment 2, the docking flange 2, the air supply system 3, the program controller 4, the fuel inlet 5 and the bottom bracket 6.

The air supply system 3 is butted with a combustion-supporting air inlet of the fuel device 1 through a flange 2, and provides combustion-supporting air quantity and enough air pressure for the fuel device; program controller 4 is fixed on the device, specifically can be in air supply system 3 rear, and program controller accessible wireless or wired control whole device work, and control mainly includes: gas flow control, combustion-supporting air flow control, ignition control, fire detection control and the like; the wireless mode can meet the requirement of remote operation; the fuel supply system is communicated with the fuel inlet 5 and provides fuel quantity and fuel pressure for the combustor; the bottom bracket 6 is mounted on the bottom of the device and can provide support.

Claims (10)

1. A fuel pipe comprises a main pipe body and is characterized in that one end of the main pipe body is provided with an opening which is a fuel inlet, the other end of the main pipe body is closed, the main pipe body is spiral, a plurality of fuel spray holes and a fuel outlet are formed in the main pipe body, and the aperture of the fuel outlet is larger than that of any fuel spray hole.

2. The fuel cartridge of claim 1, wherein the fuel orifices are divergent from inside the body tube to outside the tube.

3. The fuel cartridge of claim 1, wherein said plurality of fuel orifices are arranged in a spiral pattern on said main tube, and wherein the fuel injection direction of each fuel orifice is in the spiral radial direction of said main tube.

4. The fuel cartridge of claim 1, wherein the fuel outlet is near or at an intermediate position of the main tube.

5. A burner comprises a shell, wherein one end of the shell is a feeding end, the other end of the shell is an ignition end, and the feeding end is provided with a combustion-supporting gas inlet; a fuel cartridge as defined in claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 mounted within said housing, said fuel cartridge having a fuel inlet at a feed end of the housing and an opposite end extending toward a firing end; combustion-supporting gas enters the shell from the combustion-supporting gas inlet and is mixed with fuel sprayed out of the fuel spray holes on the fuel pipe to form premixed gas; the fuel outlet of the fuel pipe is connected with a fuel output pipe, the fuel output pipe extends to the ignition end, a fuel output through hole is formed in the end portion, extending to the ignition end, of the fuel output pipe, and the inner diameter of the fuel output pipe is smaller than that of the fuel pipe.

6. The burner of claim 5, wherein the side wall of the end of the fuel outlet pipe is circumferentially provided with a plurality of fuel outlet through holes; the end part of the fuel output pipe, provided with the fuel output through holes, is provided with a stable combustion cover, the stable combustion cover is a hollow cone, the top of the cone is sleeved on the fuel output pipe, the fuel output through holes are located in the cone, the bottom of the cone is open, the cone wall is provided with a plurality of air holes, and premixed gas enters the stable combustion cover through the air holes.

7. The burner of claim 6, wherein the louvers are triangular in shape, with the apex of the triangle being located at the apex of the cone.

8. The burner of claim 5, wherein a firing gun is mounted within the housing and a firing gun head is located at the firing end.

9. The burner of claim 5, wherein the firing end of the housing has a central mounting plate including a body plate having mounting holes formed therein for mounting an internal component located within the housing.

10. The burner of claim 5, wherein the firing end of the housing mounts a swirler assembly including a disk and a plurality of vanes mounted within the disk, the plurality of vanes rotating in the same direction as the helix.

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