CN210984676U

CN210984676U - Self-triggering breaker and current-limiting fuse applied to electric automobile equipment

Info

Publication number: CN210984676U
Application number: CN201922467371.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨柳; 陈颖; 刘雨石
Original assignee: Hangzhou Buleike Electrical Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Buleike Electrical Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-31
Filing date: 2019-12-31
Publication date: 2020-07-10
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-31

Abstract

The utility model provides a be applied to self-triggering breaker and current-limiting fuse of electric automobile equipment, this self-triggering breaker set response device function and the disconnected function of current-limiting are divided as an organic whole, and its rated voltage can be not less than 1000V and keep the low-power consumption under high rated voltage, promptly, exclusive use when voltage is less than 1000V, divide the effect of breaking up protection circuit rapidly under short-circuit current.

Description

Self-triggering breaker and current-limiting fuse applied to electric automobile equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fuse field, in particular to be applied to self-triggering breaker of electric automobile equipment.

Background

The fuse protector is a current protector made by using the principle that when the current exceeds a specified value for a period of time, the melt is melted by the heat generated by the fuse protector, and then the circuit is disconnected, and can be widely applied to various systems as the protection of power grids and electric equipment. When the short circuit or overload fault occurs to the line of the power grid or the electric equipment, the fuse can automatically cut off the circuit to avoid the damage of the electric equipment.

However, the current fuse applied to the high-voltage circuit protection of the electric automobile has the following problems: when the low overload characteristic fuse is adopted, the low overload characteristic fuse is easy to cause error protection due to the fact that overload current cannot be borne during acceleration of the electric automobile in the acceleration stage, in other words, the low overload characteristic fuse is easy to break during acceleration of the electric automobile, so that acceleration failure is caused, and even the electric automobile is broken down on a road; when the high overload characteristic fuse is adopted, the narrow neck of the high overload characteristic fuse is too large, so that when a small short circuit fault occurs in a circuit, the breaking time of the high overload characteristic fuse is too long, and the circuit of the system cannot be protected in time.

In summary, the following problems exist with the conventional fuse on the present electric vehicle:

1. when the fuse is disconnected, the short time before the arc easily causes error protection, or the disconnection time is too long, so that the circuit of the system cannot be protected in time, and the power consumption requirement of the electric automobile cannot be well met.

2. Even when an electric vehicle is charged for a long time, erroneous judgment of the fuse is likely to occur, and the circuit is broken.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a solve the technical problem in the background art, can be applied to the self-triggering breaker of electric automobile equipment, it has small, the consumption is little, rated voltage is big, simple structure and advantage with low costs.

In order to achieve the above object, the present technical solution provides a self-triggering breaker applied to an electric vehicle device, including:

the shell, arrange the copper bar subassembly in the shell in, trigger subassembly and cut-off subassembly, wherein trigger the subassembly and include elastic element and the self-triggering copper post of connecting the copper bar subassembly at least, elastic element's expansion end contact is from triggering the copper post, wherein the cut-off subassembly includes the disconnected insulating piece and opens disconnected silver piece, the one end of disconnected insulating piece is arranged in to the self-triggering copper post, the other end of disconnected insulating piece is arranged in to the disconnected silver piece, and disconnected silver piece and copper bar subassembly are connected, when being in the fusing state from triggering the copper post, elastic element release elastic force promotes the direction activity of self-triggering copper post towards the disconnected insulating piece, the direction motion of disconnected silver piece of disconnected insulating piece orientation cuts off disconnected silver piece and extrudes the electric arc in the shell.

In some embodiments, the copper bar assembly comprises an upper copper bar, a lower copper bar and an intermediate connection copper bar, wherein the intermediate connection copper bar is arranged between the upper copper bar and the lower copper bar, the intermediate connection copper bar is connected with the upper copper bar through a breaking silver sheet, the intermediate connection copper bar is connected with a self-triggering copper column through a connecting silver sheet, and the self-triggering copper column is connected with the lower copper bar.

In some embodiments, the upper side of the intermediate connecting copper bar is provided with an insulator and a gasket, wherein the insulator and the gasket are spaced from the upper copper bar by a certain distance.

In some embodiments, the break-away insulating sheet and the gasket are in an interference or transition fit when the self-triggering copper pillar is in a fused state.

In some embodiments, when the self-triggering copper pillar is in a blown state, an arc voltage begins to build up across the cut-off silver sheet, the cut-off insulating sheet enters into compression with interference with the gasket, and the arc path is completely cut off.

In some embodiments, the self-triggering copper pillar is composed of two parts, an upper copper pillar and a lower copper pillar, a narrow diameter is formed between the upper copper pillar and the lower copper pillar, and the cross-sectional diameter of each of the upper copper pillar and the lower copper pillar is larger than that of the narrow diameter.

In some embodiments, the longitudinal section of the narrow diameter of the trigger copper pillar is designed in an X shape.

In some embodiments, the lower copper column is fixed in the shell and connected with the copper bar assembly, the fixed end of the elastic element is fixed in the shell, the movable end is arranged at the bottom of the upper copper column and contacts the upper copper column, and the movable end is arranged at the lower copper column of the self-triggering copper column and the side of the narrow diameter.

In some embodiments, the gasket is a silicone rubber gasket and the resilient element is a disc spring.

The utility model provides a self-triggering breaker applied to electric automobile equipment,

compared with the prior art, the self-triggering breaker set applied to the electric automobile equipment provided by the technical scheme integrates the response device function and the current-limiting breaking function, namely, the self-triggering breaker set is independently used when the voltage is less than 1000V, the rated voltage of the self-triggering breaker set can be not less than 1000V, low power consumption can be kept under high rated voltage, the self-triggering breaker set is quickly broken under short-circuit current, and the effect of protecting a circuit is achieved.

Specifically, when short-circuit current occurs, the self-triggering copper column in the self-triggering breaker fuses, moves under the action of the disc spring to cut off the silver sheet and extrude the electric arc to achieve the purpose of arc extinction, and in such a way, when the electric automobile is in an acceleration stage, the self-triggering breaker cannot fuse and further cannot cause error protection; when the electric automobile has a short-circuit fault, the short-circuit current is fused to automatically trigger the breaker to break.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-triggering breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention in a non-fusing state.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-triggering breaker in a blown state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of the self-triggered breaker during short-circuit protection according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 10-copper bar assembly, 11-upper copper bar, 12-lower copper bar, 13-middle connecting copper bar, 20-shell, 21-upper shell, 22-lower shell, 30-trigger assembly, 31-elastic element, 32-self-trigger copper column, 321-lower copper column, 322-upper copper column, 40-cut-off assembly, 41-cut-off insulating sheet, 42-cut-off silver sheet, 43-insulator and 44-washer.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the present disclosure, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation, as the terms are used in the description to indicate that the referenced device or element must have the specified orientation, be constructed and operated in the specified orientation, and not for the purposes of limitation.

It is understood that the terms "a" and "an" should be interpreted as meaning that a number of one element or element is one in one embodiment, while a number of other elements is one in another embodiment, and the terms "a" and "an" should not be interpreted as limiting the number.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the structure of the self-triggering breaker applied to the electric vehicle equipment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, and it is worth mentioning that the self-triggering breaker can be used alone as a breaking circuit when the rated voltage is less than 1000V, and the self-triggering breaker can be used in parallel with a current limiting fuse when the rated voltage is greater than 1000V, so as to complete the breaking of the higher voltage fault current.

Specifically, when short-circuit current occurs, the self-triggering copper column in the self-triggering breaker fuses, moves under the action of the disc spring to cut off the silver sheet and extrude the electric arc to achieve the purpose of arc extinction, and further blocks current transmission to achieve the breaking effect, and in this way, when the electric automobile is in an acceleration stage, the self-triggering breaker cannot fuse, and further error protection cannot be caused; when the electric automobile has a short-circuit fault, the short-circuit current is fused to self-trigger the breaker so as to break.

The self-triggering breaker of the technical scheme at least comprises:

shell (20), arrange copper bar subassembly (10) in shell (20) in, trigger subassembly (30) and break subassembly (40), wherein trigger subassembly (30) include elastic element (31) and self-triggering copper post (32) of connecting copper bar subassembly (10) at least, the expansion end contact of elastic element (31) is from triggering copper post (32), wherein break subassembly (40) are including break insulating piece (41) and break silver piece (42), place the one end of break insulating piece (41) in from triggering copper post (32), the other end of break insulating piece (41) is placed in to break silver piece (42), and break silver piece (42) and copper bar subassembly (10) are connected, when self-triggering copper post (32) are in the fusing state, elastic element (31) release elastic force promotes the direction activity of self-triggering copper post (32) towards break insulating piece (41), break insulating piece (41) move towards the direction of break silver piece (42) and extrude shell (20), break silver piece (42) are cut off and the extrusion shell (20) are cut off to the direction motion of break silver piece (42) towards the direction of break silver piece (42) that break insulating ) The inner arc achieves the breaking effect; when the self-triggering copper column (32) is in a non-fusing state, the copper bar assembly (10), the breaking silver sheet (42) and the self-triggering copper column (32) are connected to conduct current.

Specifically, the self-triggering copper column (32) is composed of an upper copper column (322) and a lower copper column (321), a narrow diameter is formed between the upper copper column (322) and the lower copper column (321), the cross section diameters of the upper copper column (322) and the lower copper column (321) are larger than the cross section diameter of the narrow diameter, when short-circuit current flows through the self-triggering copper column (32), the temperature of the upper narrow diameter of the self-triggering copper column (32) rapidly rises until the self-triggering copper column is fused, and therefore the self-triggering copper column (32) is divided into the upper copper column (322) and the lower copper column (321) which are independent.

As shown in the figure, the longitudinal section of the narrow diameter of the self-triggering copper pillar (32) is designed to be X-shaped, so that the narrow diameter can be fused more quickly, and the upper copper pillar (322) and the lower copper pillar (321) are not fused and damaged. Specifically, an inverted trapezoidal copper body is arranged at the bottom of the upper copper column (322), an upright trapezoidal copper body is arranged at the top of the lower copper column (321), and the inverted trapezoidal copper body and the upright trapezoidal copper body are connected to form a narrow diameter of the self-triggering copper column (32).

In addition, the lower copper column (321) is fixed in the shell (20) and connected with the copper bar assembly (10), the fixed end of the elastic element (31) is fixed in the shell (20), the movable end is arranged at the bottom of the upper copper column (322) to contact the upper copper column (322), and is arranged on the lower copper column (321) of the self-triggering copper column (32) and the side of the narrow diameter. When the self-triggering copper column (32) is in a non-fusing state, the upper copper column (322) downwards extrudes the elastic element (31), elastic force is stored in the elastic element (31), when the self-triggering copper column (32) is in a fusing state, the narrow diameter of the self-triggering copper column (32) is fused, the upper copper column (322) is separated from the lower copper column (321), the elastic element (31) has the tendency of recovering to the original state, the upper copper column (322) is upwards pushed, and the upper copper column (322) pushes the breaking component (40) on the elastic element to block the current.

In the embodiment of the present technical solution, the elastic element (31) is selected as a disc spring.

In another embodiment of the present solution, the cross-sectional diameter of the upper copper pillar (322) is larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the lower copper pillar (321), in such a way as to facilitate the separation of the upper copper pillar (322) and the lower copper pillar (321).

In order to realize the circuit conduction of the non-fusing state, the copper bar assembly (10) comprises an upper copper bar (11), a lower copper bar (12) and an intermediate connection copper bar (13), wherein the intermediate connection copper bar (13) is arranged between the upper copper bar (11) and the lower copper bar (12), and a self-triggering copper column (32) is arranged below the intermediate connection copper bar (13). The intermediate connection copper bar (13) is connected with the upper copper bar (11) through a breaking silver sheet (42), the intermediate connection copper bar (13) is connected with a connection silver sheet between the self-triggering copper column (32), and the self-triggering copper column (32) is connected with the lower copper bar (12). It is worth mentioning that the upper copper bar (11), the breaking silver sheet (42), the middle connecting copper bar (13), the connecting silver sheet, the self-triggering copper column (32) and the lower copper bar (12) are all made of conductive materials.

In the technical scheme, an insulator (43) and a gasket (44) are arranged on the upper side of the middle connecting copper bar (13), wherein a certain distance is reserved between the insulator (43) and the gasket (44) and between the upper copper bar (11).

The breaking insulation sheet (41) is arranged between the middle connecting copper bars (13), and the connecting silver sheet is arranged at the bottom of the breaking insulation sheet (41). When the self-triggering copper column (32) is in a non-fusing state, the breaking silver sheet (42) is connected with the upper copper bar (11) and the middle connecting copper bar (13), the middle connecting copper bars (13) on two sides are connected with the connecting silver sheet, and the connecting silver sheet is connected with the self-triggering copper column (32), so that current can be conducted in the breaker; however, when the self-triggering copper column (32) is in a fusing state, the breaking insulation sheet (42) arranged between the middle connecting copper bars (13) moves upwards under the pushing of the upper copper column (322) to break the breaking silver sheet (42) to move continuously, and the breaking insulation sheet is inserted into the insulator (43) and the gasket (44) to press the electric arc to play a role in arc extinction.

In particular, the gasket (44) is embodied as a silicone rubber gasket. When the self-triggering copper cylinder (32) is in a fusing state, the cut-off insulation sheet (41) and the gasket (44) are in interference fit or transition fit.

In the embodiment of the technical scheme, the breaking insulation sheet (41) is provided with a groove, wherein the diameter of the groove is not less than that of the upper copper bar (11). In other words, the breaking insulation sheet (41) comprises a bottom plate and two vertical side plates at two sides, and the vertical side plates are inserted into the insulator (43) and the gasket (44) and are in interference fit or transition fit with the gasket (44).

In addition, the shell (20) comprises an upper shell (21) and a lower shell (22), wherein the upper copper bar (11), the insulator (43) and the gasket (44) are arranged in the upper shell (21), and the self-triggering copper column (32) is arranged in the lower shell (22).

As shown in fig. 3, according to the utility model discloses a wave form during self-triggering breaker short-circuit protection is shown, at time t1, electric automobile equipment takes place short-circuit fault, the electric current sharply rises, fault current reaches the fusing current requirement from triggering copper post narrow diameter to time t2, the copper post fuses, the dish spring of compression is released, promote the break-off insulating piece upward movement, break-off silver piece is cut off by the break-off insulating piece at time t3, break-off silver piece both ends begin to establish arc voltage, as the further extrusion that gets into and form the interference with silicone rubber gasket that advances of break-off insulating piece, the arc passageway is cut off completely, arc voltage rises rapidly, exceed the rated voltage of circuit, fault current descends thereupon, and finally the zero passage is disconnected at time t4, accomplish the fault protection of circuit.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by the teaching of the present invention, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, which have the same or similar technical solutions as the present invention, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-triggering breaker applied to electric automobile equipment is characterized by comprising:

shell (20), arrange copper bar subassembly (10) in shell (20) in, trigger subassembly (30) and break subassembly (40), wherein trigger subassembly (30) include elastic element (31) and self-triggering copper post (32) of connecting copper bar subassembly (10) at least, the expansion end contact of elastic element (31) is from triggering copper post (32), wherein break subassembly (40) are including break insulating piece (41) and break silver piece (42), place the one end of break insulating piece (41) in from triggering copper post (32), the other end of break insulating piece (41) is placed in to break silver piece (42), and break silver piece (42) and copper bar subassembly (10) are connected, when self-triggering copper post (32) is in the fusing state, elastic element (31) release elastic force promotes the direction activity of self-triggering copper post (32) towards break insulating piece (41), break insulating piece (41) move towards the direction of break silver piece (42) and extrude shell (20) The arc inside.

2. The self-triggering breaker applied to electric automobile equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the copper bar assembly (10) comprises an upper copper bar (11), a lower copper bar (12) and an intermediate connection copper bar (13), wherein the intermediate connection copper bar (13) is arranged between the upper copper bar (11) and the lower copper bar (12), the intermediate connection copper bar (13) and the upper copper bar (11) are connected through a breaking silver sheet (42), a connection silver sheet is connected between the intermediate connection copper bar (13) and the self-triggering copper column (32), and the self-triggering copper column (32) is connected with the lower copper bar (12).

3. The self-triggering breaker applied to electric automobile equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein an insulator (43) and a washer (44) are provided on the upper side of the intermediate connection copper bar (13), wherein the insulator (43) and the washer (44) are spaced apart from the upper copper bar (11).

4. The self-triggering breaker applied to electric automobile equipment as claimed in claim 3, wherein the breaking insulation sheet (41) and the washer (44) are in interference or transition fit when the self-triggering copper cylinder (32) is in a fused state.

5. The self-triggering breaker applied to electric automobile equipment as claimed in claim 3, wherein when the self-triggering copper cylinder (32) is in a fused state, an arc voltage starts to build up across the breaking silver sheet (42), the breaking insulation sheet (41) enters into a compression forming interference with the washer (44), and an arc path is completely cut off.

6. The self-triggering breaker applied to electric automobile equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the self-triggering copper cylinder (32) is composed of an upper copper cylinder (322) and a lower copper cylinder (321), a narrow diameter is formed between the upper copper cylinder (322) and the lower copper cylinder (321), and the cross-sectional diameters of the upper copper cylinder (322) and the lower copper cylinder (321) are larger than the cross-sectional diameter at the narrow diameter.

7. The self-triggering breaker applied to electric automobile equipment as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the longitudinal section of the narrow diameter of the self-triggering copper cylinder (32) is designed in an X shape.

8. The self-triggering breaker applied to electric automobile equipment as claimed in claim 6, wherein the lower copper post (321) is fixed in the housing (20) and connected with the copper bar assembly (10), the fixed end of the elastic element (31) is fixed in the housing (20), the movable end is placed at the bottom of the upper copper post (322) to contact the upper copper post (322), and is placed at the lower copper post (321) of the self-triggering copper post (32) and the side of the narrow diameter.

9. The self-triggering breaker applied to electric automobile equipment as claimed in claim 6, wherein the washer (44) is a silicone rubber washer, and the elastic element (31) is a disc spring.

10. A current-limiting fuse for use in an electric vehicle apparatus, comprising a fuse and a self-triggering breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 9.