CN210981726U - Experimental device for simulating influence of tide on underground water level - Google Patents
Experimental device for simulating influence of tide on underground water level Download PDFInfo
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- CN210981726U CN210981726U CN201921624409.5U CN201921624409U CN210981726U CN 210981726 U CN210981726 U CN 210981726U CN 201921624409 U CN201921624409 U CN 201921624409U CN 210981726 U CN210981726 U CN 210981726U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an experimental device that simulation ground water level received morning and evening tides influence, including fresh water tank, sand groove, salt water tank, fresh water intake system, fresh water play water system, salt water intake system, salt water play water system and salt water business turn over system, there is porous medium in the sand groove, fresh water tank with sand groove one end is linked together, salt water tank with the sand groove other end is linked together, the side of sand groove sets up pressure sensor, fresh water tank respectively with fresh water intake system with fresh water goes out water system intercommunication, salt water tank respectively with salt water intake system salt water play water system with salt water business turn over system intercommunication, salt water business turn over system is used for discharging into salt water and discharges salt water tank. On the basis of experimental observation and numerical simulation, the fluctuation characteristics of the underground water level, the ultrahigh water level state of the underground water and the overrun influence factors thereof can be studied in detail.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fresh water resources research field especially relates to an experimental apparatus that simulation ground water level receives morning and evening tides influence.
Background
The physical simulation device is a tide simulation system based on a bidirectional water pump technology, and can be used for simulating and researching the fluctuation characteristic of the coastal groundwater level under the action of tide, relative groundwater level superelevation and influence factors thereof. Experimental results show that the fluctuation of the underground water level has periodicity and asymmetry. The fluctuation range of the underground water level is reduced along with the increase of the shoreline distance, and the phase lag phenomenon exists in the underground water level fluctuation of different monitoring points. The tide can cause a significant rise in the groundwater level on the coast. The main factors causing the water level to rise are the amplitude, the aquifer thickness and the tidal frequency. Under test conditions, the relative tidal height amplitude may exceed 50% of the maximum tidal height, reaching around 10% of the thickness of the hydrous layer.
The influence of groundwater on coastal water environments has long been a source of concern. The groundwater level in coastal areas fluctuates with the fluctuations of tides. First, fluctuations in groundwater level will directly affect beach stability. When the tide rises, the seawater level is higher than the groundwater of the tidal flat, so that the seawater invades into the unpressurized aquifer. On a ebb of tide, groundwater will be drained from the unpressurized aquifer. The main factors influencing the transport of beach sediment are the leakage surface and the infiltration surface. Beaches are more prone to erosion when the groundwater level is above the average sea level. Conversely, sediment tends to pool when the groundwater level is below average sea level. Second, groundwater fluctuations can directly affect water exchange and material transport between seawater and groundwater. Thirdly, coastal groundwater level fluctuations will affect coastal groundwater resource total prediction. The underground water level fluctuation has three characteristics of asymmetry, amplitude attenuation and phase lag, and the control equation is a two-dimensional saturated underground water flow equation. At present, tidal fluctuation of sea level is often ignored in the underground water mathematical modeling. The mean sea level is used only for the boundary conditions of the mathematical model. However, some research results have shown that the mean period of the groundwater aquifer water level is greater than the mean period of the offshore static water level (hereinafter referred to as ultra-high water level). When the tidal amplitude is 4m-5m, the ultrahigh water level can reach 2m-3 m.
Due to the control equations and the nonlinearity of the beach gradient, tides can result in near shore land groundwater ultra high levels. When the beach gradient is small, the ultra-high water level is very prominent. If the ultrahigh water level is ignored, the prediction error of the total amount of the underground water resources is caused. Therefore, it is very necessary to be confirmed in a laboratory. The utility model discloses a device is an experimental apparatus system that receives the morning and evening tides influence based on two-way water pump simulation coastal groundwater level. On the basis of experimental observation and numerical simulation, the fluctuation characteristics of the underground water level, the ultrahigh water level state of the underground water and the overrun influence factors thereof can be studied in detail.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that an experimental device for simulating that the underground water level is influenced by tides and a using method thereof are provided.
The utility model provides an above-mentioned technical problem's technical scheme as follows: the utility model provides an experimental apparatus for simulation ground water level receives morning and evening tides influence, includes fresh water tank, sand groove, salt water tank, fresh water intake system, fresh water play water system, salt water intake system, salt water play water system and salt water business turn over system, porous medium is equipped with in the sand groove, fresh water tank with sand groove one end is linked together, salt water tank with the sand groove other end is linked together, the side of sand groove sets up pressure sensor, fresh water tank respectively with fresh water intake system with fresh water play water system intercommunication, salt water tank respectively with salt water intake system salt water play water system with salt water business turn over system intercommunication, salt water business turn over system is used for discharging into and discharging salt water the salt water tank.
The utility model has the advantages that: the experimental device for simulating the influence of the tide on the underground water level is provided, and the fluctuation characteristics of the underground water level, the ultrahigh water level state of the underground water and the overrun influence factors of the ultrahigh water level state can be studied carefully on the basis of experimental observation and numerical simulation.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the utility model discloses can also do as follows the improvement:
furthermore, the fresh water tank is communicated with one end of the sand tank through a first water permeable baffle, and the salt water tank is communicated with the other end of the sand tank through a second water permeable baffle.
The beneficial effect who adopts above-mentioned further scheme is that the baffle that permeates water can be more accurate simulation salt water and fresh water to the influence of ground water level.
Furthermore, one end of the porous medium is in contact with the first water-permeable baffle, and the other end of the porous medium is in contact with the second water-permeable baffle.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned further scheme is that the influence of salt water and fresh water to the groundwater level that can be more accurate simulation.
The sand tank is characterized by further comprising a third water permeable baffle, wherein the third water permeable baffle is arranged in the sand tank and is arranged between the first water permeable baffle and the second water permeable baffle, a gap is formed between the second water permeable baffle and the third water permeable baffle, one end of the porous medium is in contact with the first water permeable baffle, and the other end of the porous medium is in contact with the third water permeable baffle.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned further scheme is that can stabilize rivers, make the fluctuation of water controllable.
Further, a fourth water permeable baffle is installed in the salt water tank, and the fourth water permeable baffle is parallel to the bottom surface of the salt water tank.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned further scheme is that can stabilize rivers, make the fluctuation of water controllable.
Further, the salt water inlet and outlet system comprises a first salt water placing device, the first salt water placing device is communicated with the salt water tank through a pipeline, a bidirectional pump and an electromagnetic flowmeter are arranged on the pipeline, communicated with the salt water tank, of the first salt water placing device, and an integrated butterfly valve is arranged on the pipeline between the salt water tank and the bidirectional pump; the fresh water inlet system comprises a fresh water placing device, the fresh water placing device is communicated with the fresh water tank through a pipeline, a fresh water inlet pump is arranged on the pipeline communicated with the fresh water tank, the fresh water outlet system comprises a fresh water collecting device, and the fresh water collecting device is communicated with the fresh water tank through a pipeline; the salt water inlet system comprises a second salt water placing device, the second salt water placing device is communicated with the salt water tank through a pipeline, a salt water inlet pump is arranged on the pipeline communicated with the salt water tank, the salt water outlet system comprises a salt water collecting device, and the salt water collecting device is communicated with the salt water tank through a pipeline.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned further scheme is that can use simple operatable device to realize the function of fresh water inlet system, fresh water play water system, salt water inlet system, salt water play water system and salt water system.
Further, still include motor controller, motor controller with the two-way pump electricity is connected, and control the switching of two-way pump.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned further scheme is that can realize the remote control of two-way pump to realize the remote control to the testing process.
Furthermore, the upper surface of one end of the porous medium is parallel to the bottom surface of the sand tank, and the other end of the porous medium is in a downward extending slope shape.
The advantage of using the above further scheme is that the shape of the coast in the tide can be further accurately simulated.
Further, the included angle between the slope part at the other end of the porous medium and the bottom surface of the sand tank is 7 degrees.
The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the numerical value is a common numerical value in the experimental process, and the simulation effect is good.
Further, the sand groove is 3m long, the width of the sand groove is 0.5m, the height of the sand groove is 1.5m, a support is arranged at the lower end of the sand groove, and the upper ends of the fresh water tank, the saline water tank and the sand groove are all open.
The method has the advantages that the length, the width and the height of the sand tank are set to be common numerical values in the experimental process, and the simulation effect is good; the mounting bracket is convenient for operation in the test process; the arrangement as an open mouth is also convenient for operation in the test process.
The utility model discloses in a simulation ground water level receives the application method of the experimental apparatus that the morning and evening tides influences, including following step, step 1: preparing fresh water and salt water; step 2: discharging the fresh water into the fresh water tank through the fresh water inlet system, discharging the salt water into the salt water tank through the salt water inlet system, and then, enabling the fresh water in the fresh water tank and the salt water in the salt water tank to both flow into the sand tank, wherein the salt water and the fresh water are contacted and merged in the sand tank to form a stable state, in the process, water in the fresh water tank exceeding the height of the communication part of the fresh water outlet system and the fresh water tank is discharged through the fresh water outlet system, and water in the salt water tank exceeding the height of the communication part of the salt water outlet system and the salt water tank is discharged through the salt water outlet system; and step 3: after a stable state is formed, the process that the salt water is discharged into and discharged out of the salt water tank is carried out alternately through the salt water inlet and outlet system, in the process, the water in the fresh water tank exceeding the height of the communication part of the fresh water outlet system and the fresh water tank is discharged through the fresh water outlet system, and the water in the salt water tank exceeding the height of the communication part of the salt water outlet system and the salt water tank is discharged through the salt water outlet system; and 4, step 4: and measuring the pressure value of the side surface of the sand tank through the pressure sensor so as to sense the water level and finally simulate the influence of tide on the coastal underground water level.
The application method of the simulation device has the advantages that the simulation device is used, the simulation of the influence of tide on the coastal groundwater level based on the bidirectional water pump can be realized, and the fluctuation characteristics of the groundwater level, the ultrahigh water level state of the groundwater and the overrun influence factors of the groundwater level can be studied carefully on the basis of experimental observation and numerical simulation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. fresh water tank, 2, sand groove, 3, salt water tank, 4, first baffle that permeates water, 5, the second baffle that permeates water, 6, fresh water inlet system, 7, fresh water outlet system, 8, salt water system, 9, porous medium, 10, pressure sensor, 11, the third baffle that permeates water, 12, the fourth baffle that permeates water, 13, first salt water placer, 14, the two-way pump, 15, integrated butterfly valve, 16, fresh water placer, 17, fresh water inlet pump, 18, salt water inlet pump, 19, motor controller, 20, electromagnetic flowmeter, 21, fresh water collection device, 22, salt water inlet system, 23, salt water outlet system, 24, second salt water placer, 25, salt water collection device.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, the examples given are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The utility model provides an experimental apparatus for simulation ground water level receives morning and evening tides influence, includes fresh water tank 1, sand groove 2, salt water tank 3, fresh water system of intaking 6, fresh water system of exporting 7, salt water system of intaking 22, salt water effluent system 23 and salt water business turn over system 8, porous medium 9 is equipped with in the sand groove 2, fresh water tank 1 with sand groove 2 one end is linked together, salt water tank 3 with the sand groove 2 other end is linked together, sand groove 2's side sets up pressure sensor 10, fresh water tank 1 respectively with fresh water system of intaking 6 with fresh water effluent system 7 intercommunication, salt water tank 3 respectively with salt water system of intaking 22 salt water system 23 salt water system of exporting 8 intercommunication, salt water business turn over system 8 is used for discharging into and discharging salt water tank 3.
Specifically, the porous medium is formed by piling silica sand grains, the silica sand grains are controlled within the diameter range of 180-250 mu m, and the silica sand grains are washed by distilled water to remove dust and clay minerals. The oxide layer of the quartz particles can be removed with dilute hydrochloric acid. The sand filling is performed under saturated conditions, the sand being poured into the water to avoid air bubbles being trapped in the water sand box. The filling process forms a slight horizontal delamination in the porous medium, resulting in anisotropy. Before the experiment, the field level hydraulic conductivity and the average porosity of the porous medium are calculated by adopting a flow experiment and Darcy's law.
Specifically, the position where the salt water inlet and outlet system is communicated with the salt water tank is positioned at the bottom.
Specifically, the porous medium is formed by piling silica sand grains, and when the sand tank is a cuboid, the porous medium is preferably a cuboid.
Specifically, the water permeable baffle allows water to pass through but not the porous medium, and when the porous medium is silica sand grains, the diameter of holes on the water permeable baffle is smaller than that of the silica sand grains; in order not to influence the experimental result, the water permeable baffle is made of stainless materials.
Specifically, fresh water tank, sand groove and salt water tank are the cuboid, and the three sets up side by side, and the three width is unanimous.
Specifically, the height of the communication position of the salt water outlet system and the salt water tank is higher than that of the communication position of the fresh water outlet system and the fresh water tank.
The model of the pressure sensor is model MIK-P300-DSDN. The arrangement mode is determined by the purpose of experimental observation, for example, the tide influence area can be densely distributed at one point, monitoring holes can be distributed at intervals of 2-5cm, and the tide influence area can be distributed at intervals of a larger point at a place far away from a salt-fresh water mixed zone. The holes are drilled before the sand is filled with water, and are covered with soft plugs which can be uniformly distributed or distributed in different densities.
As a further scheme of this embodiment, the fresh water tank 1 is communicated with one end of the sand tank 2 through a first water-permeable baffle 4, and the salt water tank 3 is communicated with the other end of the sand tank 2 through a second water-permeable baffle 5.
Specifically, the water permeable baffle is made of a material which is not corroded by water, and the water permeable baffle is provided with holes which allow water to permeate through but not allow a porous medium to permeate through.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the first water-permeable baffle and the second water-permeable baffle are preferably arranged in parallel, the fresh water tank, the sand tank and the salt water tank are cuboids, the fresh water tank, the sand tank and the salt water tank are arranged side by side, and the first water-permeable baffle and the second water-permeable baffle are perpendicular to the side surfaces of the fresh water tank, the sand tank and the salt water tank.
As a further solution of this embodiment, one end of the porous medium 9 is in contact with the first water-permeable baffle 4, and the other end of the porous medium 9 is in contact with the second water-permeable baffle 5.
Specifically, the height of the first water-permeable baffle is higher than that of one end of the porous medium, and the height of the second water-permeable baffle is higher than that of the other end of the porous medium.
As a further scheme of the embodiment, the salt water inlet and outlet system 8 comprises a first salt water placing device 13, the first salt water placing device 13 is communicated with the salt water tank 3 through a pipeline, a two-way pump 14 and an electromagnetic flow meter 20 are arranged on the pipeline of the first salt water placing device 13 communicated with the salt water tank 3, and an integrated butterfly valve 15 is arranged on the pipeline between the salt water tank 3 and the two-way pump 14; the fresh water inlet system 6 comprises a fresh water containing device 16, the fresh water containing device 16 is communicated with the fresh water tank 1 through a pipeline, a fresh water inlet pump 17 is arranged on the pipeline communicated between the fresh water containing device 16 and the fresh water tank 1, the fresh water outlet system 7 comprises a fresh water collecting device 21, and the fresh water collecting device 21 is communicated with the fresh water tank 1 through a pipeline; the salt water inlet system 22 comprises a second salt water placing device 24, the second salt water placing device 24 is communicated with the salt water tank 3 through a pipeline, a salt water inlet pump 18 is arranged on the pipeline communicated with the salt water tank 3, the salt water outlet system 23 comprises a salt water collecting device 25, and the salt water collecting device 25 is communicated with the salt water tank 3 through a pipeline.
Specifically, the water level of the saline water tank in a stable state is determined by the height of a communication part between a saline water outlet system and the saline water tank; the water level in the fresh water tank in a stable state and the height of the communication part of the fresh water outlet system and the fresh water tank are determined.
As a further scheme of the embodiment, the bidirectional pump control device further comprises a motor controller 19, wherein the motor controller 19 is electrically connected with the bidirectional pump 14 and controls the opening and closing of the bidirectional pump 14.
As a further proposal of this embodiment, the upper surface of one end of the porous medium 9 is parallel to the bottom surface of the sand tank 2, and the other end of the porous medium 9 is in a downwardly extending slope shape.
Specifically, in order to increase stability, a perforated grid can be laid on the porous medium, and the grid is made of a non-rusting material.
As a further proposal of this embodiment, the slope part at the other end of the porous medium 9 forms an angle of 7 ° with the bottom surface of the sand tank 2.
As a further scheme of this embodiment, the length of the sand tank 2 is 3m, the width of the sand tank 2 is 0.5m, the height of the sand tank 2 is 1.5m, a bracket is mounted at the lower end of the sand tank 2, and the upper ends of the fresh water tank 1, the saltwater tank 3 and the sand tank 2 are all open.
Specifically, a bracket is also arranged below the first salt water placing device.
The utility model also relates to a use method of the experimental device for simulating the influence of the underground water level by the tide, which comprises the following steps,
step 1: preparing fresh water and salt water;
step 2: the fresh water is discharged into the fresh water tank 1 through the fresh water inlet system 6, the salt water inlet system 22 is communicated to keep the water surface height of the salt water tank equal to the height of the communication position between the fresh water outlet system and the fresh water tank, namely, the same water head height is maintained, the salt water is discharged into the salt water tank 3 under the drive of density, then, the fresh water in the fresh water tank 1 and the salt water in the salt water tank 3 all flow into the sand groove 2, the salt water gradually invades the area where the original fresh water is in the sand body in the sand groove 2 until the salt water is sufficiently driven for a long time, a complete salt water invasion wedge is formed, the invasion front surface is clear and is not pushed towards the direction of the sand body, namely, the whole system is balanced to form a stable state, in the process, the water exceeding the height of the communication position between the fresh water outlet system 7 and the fresh water tank 1 is discharged through the fresh water outlet system 7, the water in the saline water tank 3 exceeding the height of the communication part between the saline water outlet system 23 and the saline water tank 3 is discharged through the saline water outlet system 23;
and step 3: after a stable state is formed, the process of discharging the salt water into and out of the salt water tank 3 is performed alternately through the salt water inlet and outlet system 8, in the process, the water in the fresh water tank 1 exceeding the height of the communication part between the fresh water outlet system 7 and the fresh water tank 1 is discharged through the fresh water outlet system 7, and the water in the salt water tank 3 exceeding the height of the communication part between the salt water outlet system 23 and the salt water tank 3 is discharged through the salt water outlet system 23;
and 4, step 4: the pressure value of the side surface of the sand tank 2 is measured by the pressure sensor 10. The height of the pressure measuring head can be calculated by the Bernoulli equation:
wherein: z is a radical ofPIs a pressure measuring water head; p is the pressure at the measured point, in units: pa; rho is the water density at the point, namely 1g/cm3(ii) a g is the acceleration of gravity, 9.8m/s2.
Because the groundwater flow speed is slow, the general speed head change can be ignored. The variation of the pressure measuring water head measured in the experiment is the final variation of the water head. Therefore, the water level is sensed through the pressure sensor, and the influence of tide on the coastal groundwater level is finally simulated.
The working process is as follows:
step 1: preparing fresh water and salt water, wherein the fresh water is placed in a fresh water placing device, and the salt water is placed in a first fresh water placing device and a second salt water placing device respectively;
step 2: fresh water in the fresh water tank is discharged into the fresh water tank 1 through the fresh water pump, salt water in the second salt water storage device is discharged into the salt water tank 3 through the salt water pump, then the fresh water in the fresh water tank 1 flows into the sand tank 2 through a first water permeable baffle and the salt water in the salt water tank 3 through a second water permeable baffle, the salt water and the fresh water are contacted and fused in the sand tank 2 to form a stable state, and the water level heights in the salt water tank and the fresh water tank are consistent in the stable state;
and step 3: after a stable state is formed, the process that the saline water in the first saline water placing device is discharged into and discharged from the saline water tank 3 is performed alternately through the saline water inlet and outlet system 8, specifically, a forward bidirectional water pump is started, the saline water in the saline water placing device is pumped into the saline water tank 3, and the pumping volume V and the pumping time T are recorded. And changing the pumping direction of the bidirectional water pump, setting the same pumping speed, and pumping the same V of salt water from the salt water tank 3 to the salt water placing device within the time T. A cycle with a period of 2T is formed, and the operation is repeated. The pumping rate and volume can be varied to vary the amplitude of the wave created (i.e., the height difference between the highest and lowest points of the water level formed during a pump fill and pump cycle). In order to ensure the stable operation of the system, the maximum analog amplitude of the produced tide should not exceed 0.25 m;
and 4, step 4: the pressure sensor 10 is used for measuring the pressure value of the side surface of the sand tank 2, so that the water level is sensed, and the influence of tide on the coastal groundwater level is finally simulated.
Example 2
The utility model provides an experimental apparatus for simulation ground water level receives morning and evening tides influence, includes fresh water tank 1, sand groove 2, salt water tank 3, fresh water system of intaking 6, fresh water system of exporting 7, salt water system of intaking 22, salt water effluent system 23 and salt water business turn over system 8, porous medium 9 is equipped with in the sand groove 2, fresh water tank 1 with sand groove 2 one end is linked together, salt water tank 3 with the sand groove 2 other end is linked together, sand groove 2's side sets up pressure sensor 10, fresh water tank 1 respectively with fresh water system of intaking 6 with fresh water effluent system 7 intercommunication, salt water tank 3 respectively with salt water system of intaking 22 salt water system 23 salt water system of exporting 8 intercommunication, salt water business turn over system 8 is used for discharging into and discharging salt water tank 3.
Specifically, the porous medium is formed by piling silica sand grains, the silica sand grains are controlled within the diameter range of 180-250 mu m, and the silica sand grains are washed by distilled water to remove dust and clay minerals. The oxide layer of the quartz particles can be removed with dilute hydrochloric acid. The sand filling is performed under saturated conditions, the sand being poured into the water to avoid air bubbles being trapped in the water sand box. The filling process forms a slight horizontal delamination in the porous medium, resulting in anisotropy. Before the experiment, the field level hydraulic conductivity and the average porosity of the porous medium are calculated by adopting a flow experiment and Darcy's law.
Specifically, the position where the salt water inlet and outlet system is communicated with the salt water tank is positioned at the bottom.
Specifically, the porous medium is formed by piling silica sand grains, and when the sand tank is a cuboid, the porous medium is preferably a cuboid.
Specifically, the water permeable baffle allows water to pass through but not the porous medium, and when the porous medium is silica sand grains, the diameter of holes on the water permeable baffle is smaller than that of the silica sand grains; in order not to influence the experimental result, the water permeable baffle is made of stainless materials.
Specifically, fresh water tank, sand groove and salt water tank are the cuboid, and the three sets up side by side, and the three width is unanimous.
Specifically, the height of the communication position of the salt water outlet system and the salt water tank is higher than that of the communication position of the fresh water outlet system and the fresh water tank.
The model of the pressure sensor is model MIK-P300-DSDN. The arrangement mode is determined by the purpose of experimental observation, for example, the tide influence area can be densely distributed at one point, monitoring holes can be distributed at intervals of 2-5cm, and the tide influence area can be distributed at intervals of a larger point at a place far away from a salt-fresh water mixed zone. The holes are drilled before the sand is filled with water, and are covered with soft plugs which can be uniformly distributed or distributed in different densities.
As a further scheme of this embodiment, the sand tank further includes a third water-permeable baffle 11, where the third water-permeable baffle 11 is disposed in the sand tank 2 and between the first water-permeable baffle 4 and the second water-permeable baffle 5, and a gap is formed between the second water-permeable baffle 5 and the third water-permeable baffle 11.
Specifically, the water permeable baffle is made of a material which is not corroded by water, and the water permeable baffle is provided with holes which allow water to permeate through but not allow a porous medium to permeate through.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the first water permeable baffle, the second water permeable baffle and the third water permeable baffle are preferably arranged in parallel, the fresh water tank, the sand tank and the salt water tank are cuboids, the fresh water tank, the sand tank and the salt water tank are arranged side by side, and the first water permeable baffle, the second water permeable baffle and the third water permeable baffle are all perpendicular to the side surfaces of the fresh water tank, the sand tank and the salt water tank.
As a further solution of this embodiment, one end of the porous medium 9 is in contact with the first water-permeable baffle 4, and the other end of the porous medium 9 is in contact with the third water-permeable baffle 11.
Specifically, the height of the first water-permeable baffle is higher than that of one end of the porous medium, and the height of the third water-permeable baffle is higher than that of the other end of the porous medium.
As a further solution of this embodiment, a fourth water-permeable baffle 12 is installed in the salt water tank 3, and the fourth water-permeable baffle 12 is parallel to the bottom surface of the salt water tank 3.
As a further scheme of the embodiment, the salt water inlet and outlet system 8 comprises a first salt water placing device 13, the first salt water placing device 13 is communicated with the salt water tank 3 through a pipeline, a two-way pump 14 and an electromagnetic flow meter 20 are arranged on the pipeline of the first salt water placing device 13 communicated with the salt water tank 3, and an integrated butterfly valve 15 is arranged on the pipeline between the salt water tank 3 and the two-way pump 14; the fresh water inlet system 6 comprises a fresh water containing device 16, the fresh water containing device 16 is communicated with the fresh water tank 1 through a pipeline, a fresh water inlet pump 17 is arranged on the pipeline communicated between the fresh water containing device 16 and the fresh water tank 1, the fresh water outlet system 7 comprises a fresh water collecting device 21, and the fresh water collecting device 21 is communicated with the fresh water tank 1 through a pipeline; the salt water inlet system 22 comprises a second salt water placing device 24, the second salt water placing device 24 is communicated with the salt water tank 3 through a pipeline, a salt water inlet pump 18 is arranged on the pipeline communicated with the salt water tank 3, the salt water outlet system 23 comprises a salt water collecting device 25, and the salt water collecting device 25 is communicated with the salt water tank 3 through a pipeline.
Specifically, the water level of the saline water tank in a stable state is determined by the height of a communication part between a saline water outlet system and the saline water tank; the water level in the fresh water tank in a stable state and the height of the communication part of the fresh water outlet system and the fresh water tank are determined.
As a further scheme of the embodiment, the bidirectional pump control device further comprises a motor controller 19, wherein the motor controller 19 is electrically connected with the bidirectional pump 14 and controls the opening and closing of the bidirectional pump 14.
As a further proposal of this embodiment, the upper surface of one end of the porous medium 9 is parallel to the bottom surface of the sand tank 2, and the other end of the porous medium 9 is in a downwardly extending slope shape.
Specifically, in order to increase stability, a perforated grid can be laid on the porous medium, and the grid is made of a non-rusting material.
As a further proposal of this embodiment, the slope part at the other end of the porous medium 9 forms an angle of 7 ° with the bottom surface of the sand tank 2.
As a further scheme of this embodiment, the length of the sand tank 2 is 3m, the width of the sand tank 2 is 0.5m, the height of the sand tank 2 is 1.5m, a bracket is mounted at the lower end of the sand tank 2, and the upper ends of the fresh water tank 1, the saltwater tank 3 and the sand tank 2 are all open.
Specifically, a bracket is also arranged below the first salt water placing device.
The utility model also relates to a use method of the experimental device for simulating the influence of the underground water level by the tide, which comprises the following steps,
step 1: preparing fresh water and salt water;
step 2: the fresh water is discharged into the fresh water tank 1 through the fresh water inlet system 6, the water surface height of the salt water tank is kept equal to the height of the connection part between the fresh water outlet system and the fresh water tank through the salt water inlet system 22, namely, the same water head height is maintained, the salt water is discharged into the salt water tank 3 under the drive of density, then the fresh water in the fresh water tank 1 and the salt water in the salt water tank 3 all flow into the sand groove 2, the salt water gradually invades the area where the original fresh water is in the sand body in the sand groove 2 until the salt water is driven for a long time enough, a complete salt water invasion wedge is formed, the invasion front surface is clear and is not pushed towards the direction of the sand body, the whole system is balanced to form a stable state, and in the process, the water exceeding the height of the connection part between the fresh water outlet system 7 and the fresh water tank 1 is discharged through the fresh water outlet system 7, the water in the saline water tank 3 exceeding the height of the communication part between the saline water outlet system 23 and the saline water tank 3 is discharged through the saline water outlet system 23;
and step 3: after a stable state is formed, the process of discharging the salt water into and out of the salt water tank 3 is performed alternately through the salt water inlet and outlet system 8, in the process, the water in the fresh water tank 1 exceeding the height of the communication part between the fresh water outlet system 7 and the fresh water tank 1 is discharged through the fresh water outlet system 7, and the water in the salt water tank 3 exceeding the height of the communication part between the salt water outlet system 23 and the salt water tank 3 is discharged through the salt water outlet system 23;
and 4, step 4: the pressure value of the side surface of the sand tank 2 is measured by the pressure sensor 10. The height of the pressure measuring head can be calculated by the Bernoulli equation:
wherein: z is a radical ofPIs a pressure measuring water head; p is the pressure at the measured point, in units: pa; rho is the water density at the point, namely 1g/cm3(ii) a g is the acceleration of gravity, 9.8m/s2.
Because the groundwater flow speed is slow, the general speed head change can be ignored. The variation of the pressure measuring water head measured in the experiment is the final variation of the water head. Therefore, the water level is sensed, and the influence of tide on the coastal groundwater level is finally simulated.
The working process is as follows: step 1: preparing fresh water and salt water, wherein the fresh water is placed in a fresh water placing device, and the salt water is placed in a first fresh water placing device and a second salt water placing device respectively;
step 2: fresh water in the fresh water tank is discharged into the fresh water tank 1 through the fresh water pump, salt water in the second salt water storage device is discharged into the salt water tank 3 through the salt water pump, then the fresh water in the fresh water tank 1 flows into the sand tank 2 through a first water permeable baffle and the salt water in the salt water tank 3 through a second water permeable baffle, the salt water and the fresh water are contacted and fused in the sand tank 2 to form a stable state, and the water level heights in the salt water tank and the fresh water tank are consistent in the stable state;
and step 3: after a stable state is formed, the process of discharging the salt water in the first salt water placement device into the salt water tank 3 and the process of discharging the salt water out of the salt water tank from the first salt water placement device are alternately carried out through the salt water inlet and outlet system 8; in the process, the fourth water permeable baffle has a partial blocking effect on the water flow, and the effect of stabilizing the water flow is achieved; specifically, a forward bidirectional water pump is started, the saline water in the saline water placement device is pumped into the saline water tank 3, and the pumping volume V and the pumping time T are recorded. And changing the pumping direction of the bidirectional water pump, setting the same pumping speed, and pumping the same V of salt water from the salt water tank 3 to the salt water placing device within the time T. A cycle with a period of 2T is formed, and the operation is repeated. The pumping rate and volume can be varied to vary the amplitude of the wave created (i.e., the height difference between the highest and lowest points of the water level formed during a pump fill and pump cycle). In order to ensure stable operation of the system, the maximum analogue amplitude of the tidal wave should not exceed 0.25 m.
And 4, step 4: the pressure sensor 10 is used for measuring the pressure value of the side surface of the sand tank 2, so that the water level is sensed, and the influence of tide on the coastal groundwater level is finally simulated.
The utility model discloses used "pump" if do not have special indication, except two-way pump, other are the peristaltic pump among the prior art.
In particular, the type of bi-directional pump can also be selected from the prior art, such as WM-103/8 diaphragm pump (standard).
Specifically, the motor controller may be selected from the prior art, such as JD1A-40 electromagnetic governor.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate the orientation or positional relationship indicated based on the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or directly under the second feature or indirectly via intermediate members. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The experimental device for simulating the influence of the tide on the underground water level is characterized by comprising a fresh water tank (1), a sand tank (2), a salt water tank (3), a fresh water inlet system (6), a fresh water outlet system (7), a salt water inlet system (22), a salt water outlet system (23) and a salt water inlet and outlet system (8), wherein a porous medium (9) is arranged in the sand tank (2), the fresh water tank (1) is communicated with one end of the sand tank (2), the salt water tank (3) is communicated with the other end of the sand tank (2), a pressure sensor (10) is arranged on the side surface of the sand tank (2), the fresh water tank (1) is respectively communicated with the fresh water inlet system (6) and the fresh water outlet system (7), the salt water tank (3) is respectively communicated with the salt water inlet system (22), the salt water outlet system (23) and the salt water inlet and outlet system (8), the saltwater inlet and outlet system (8) is used for discharging saltwater into and out of the saltwater tank (3).
2. The experimental device for simulating the influence of the underground water level by the tides according to the claim 1, characterized in that the fresh water tank (1) is communicated with one end of the sand tank (2) through a first water-permeable baffle (4), and the salt water tank (3) is communicated with the other end of the sand tank (2) through a second water-permeable baffle (5).
3. An experimental device for simulating the influence of the underground water level by the tides as claimed in claim 2, wherein one end of the porous medium (9) is in contact with the first water-permeable baffle (4), and the other end of the porous medium (9) is in contact with the second water-permeable baffle (5).
4. An experimental device for simulating the influence of the underground water level by the tides according to claim 2, characterized by further comprising a third water-permeable baffle (11), wherein the third water-permeable baffle (11) is arranged in the sand tank (2) and between the first water-permeable baffle (4) and the second water-permeable baffle (5), a gap is arranged between the second water-permeable baffle (5) and the third water-permeable baffle (11), one end of the porous medium (9) is in contact with the first water-permeable baffle (4), and the other end of the porous medium (9) is in contact with the third water-permeable baffle (11).
5. An experimental device for simulating the influence of the underground water level by the tides according to claim 4, characterized in that a fourth water permeable baffle (12) is installed in the salt water tank (3), and the fourth water permeable baffle (12) is parallel to the bottom surface of the salt water tank (3).
6. An experimental device for simulating the influence of the underground water level by the tide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the salt water inlet and outlet system (8) comprises a first salt water placing device (13), the first salt water placing device (13) is communicated with the salt water tank (3) through a pipeline, a two-way pump (14) and an electromagnetic flow meter (20) are arranged on the pipeline of the first salt water placing device (13) communicated with the salt water tank (3), and an integrated butterfly valve (15) is arranged on the pipeline between the salt water tank (3) and the two-way pump (14); the fresh water inlet system (6) comprises a fresh water containing device (16), the fresh water containing device (16) is communicated with the fresh water tank (1) through a pipeline, a fresh water inlet pump (17) is arranged on the pipeline through which the fresh water containing device (16) is communicated with the fresh water tank (1), the fresh water outlet system (7) comprises a fresh water collecting device (21), and the fresh water collecting device (21) is communicated with the fresh water tank (1) through a pipeline; saline water intake system (22) includes second saline water placer (24), second saline water placer (24) with saline water tank (3) are linked together through the pipeline, second saline water placer (24) with set up saline water intake pump (18) on the pipeline of saline water tank (3) intercommunication, saline water outlet system (23) are including saline water collection device (25), saline water collection device (25) with saline water tank (3) are linked together through the pipeline.
7. The experimental facility for simulating the influence of the underground water level by the tides according to claim 6, characterized by further comprising a motor controller (19), wherein the motor controller (19) is electrically connected with the bidirectional pump (14) and controls the opening and closing of the bidirectional pump (14).
8. The experimental facility for simulating the influence of the underground water level by the tides according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the upper surface of one end of the porous medium (9) is parallel to the bottom surface of the sand tank (2), and the other end of the porous medium (9) is in a downward extending slope shape.
9. The experimental facility for simulating the influence of the underground water level by the tides according to the claim 8, characterized in that the slope part at the other end of the porous medium (9) forms an angle of 7 degrees with the bottom surface of the sand tank (2).
10. The experimental facility for simulating the influence of the underground water level by the tides according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the length of the sand tank (2) is 3m, the width of the sand tank (2) is 0.5m, the height of the sand tank (2) is 1.5m, a bracket is arranged at the lower end of the sand tank (2), and the upper ends of the fresh water tank (1), the salt water tank (3) and the sand tank (2) are all open.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110542537A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-06 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Experimental device for simulating influence of tide on underground water level and using method thereof |
| CN114112300A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-01 | 同济大学 | Tidal river beach lateral undercurrent exchange simulation device and test method |
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2019
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110542537A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-06 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Experimental device for simulating influence of tide on underground water level and using method thereof |
| CN114112300A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-01 | 同济大学 | Tidal river beach lateral undercurrent exchange simulation device and test method |
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