CN210977289U - Mechanical directional rotary steering drilling tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a downhole tool, concretely relates to rotatory direction drilling tool of mechanical directional formula. The steering mechanism comprises a shell, an upper joint, a lower joint, a central rod, a steering assembly, a transmission cylinder, an eccentric pipe, a control assembly, an upper sleeve and a lower sleeve, wherein the upper joint is installed on an internal thread of a port at one end of the shell, the lower joint is installed on an internal thread of a port at the other end of the shell, the central rod is sleeved in the shell between the lower joint and the upper joint and consists of an upper rod, a middle rod and a lower rod, the lower rod is sleeved with the deflection assembly and the transmission cylinder, the transmission cylinder is connected with the shell in a key mode, the upper rod is fixedly provided with the eccentric pipe through a locking nut, the middle rod is sleeved with the control assembly, the sleeve is sleeved in the shell between the control assembly and the eccentric pipe, and the lower sleeve is sleeved. The drilling tool has the characteristics of low cost, stable work and easy maintenance, and meets the requirements of drilling work.

Description

Mechanical directional rotary steering drilling tool

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a downhole tool, concretely relates to rotatory direction drilling tool of mechanical directional formula.

Background

Petroleum resources are indispensable important resources in modern society, but through years of large-scale exploitation work, shallow petroleum reserves of a plurality of oil fields are difficult to meet the requirements of people, so that the exploitation segment of petroleum gradually develops to a highly deviated well, a deep well and an ultra-deep well. With the depth of exploration and development processes, the drill bit needs to continuously adjust the well-drilling well track according to the change of the stratum environment during drilling so that the well-drilling well track can accurately reach an oil reservoir, and therefore the well-drilling well track is adjusted by using a guide well-drilling technology and has an important role in the modern well-drilling process. Compared with the traditional sliding drilling technology, the rotary steering drilling technology has the advantages of high drilling speed, smooth well track, short drilling period and the like, and is an important development direction of the steering drilling technology.

At present, the common rotary guiding tool is mainly of an electric control type, and the working process is as follows: the underground measurement system transmits well track information to a ground control platform, the ground control platform processes the information, and then the underground CPU controls a guide system to perform rotary guide drilling, but the process uses a mature electric control system with high technical content, usually adopts an electric control system of a foreign company, needs to be matched with related technical services of the foreign drilling company, and has high cost; in addition, along with the increase of the drilling depth, the temperature and the pressure of the stratum are increased, the electronic elements are affected by high temperature and are easy to lose effectiveness, so that the electric control system is unstable in work, damaged elements are difficult to investigate, the system can be recovered only by replacing modules, and the maintenance is difficult, so that the mechanical pointing type rotary steering drilling tool is needed to overcome the defects of the electric control system.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a: the mechanical directional rotary steering drilling tool is low in cost, stable in work and easy to maintain, and solves the problems that an existing electric control rotary steering tool is high in cost, easy to lose effectiveness in work and difficult to maintain.

The technical scheme of the utility model is that:

the utility model provides a rotatory steering drilling tool of mechanical directional formula, it comprises casing, top connection, lower clutch, well core rod, steering component, transmission section of thick bamboo, eccentric pipe, control assembly, upper sleeve and lower sleeve, its characterized in that: the casing is characterized in that an upper joint is installed in an inner thread of one end port of the casing, a lower joint is installed in an inner thread of the other end port of the casing, a central rod is sleeved in the casing between the lower joint and the upper joint and consists of an upper rod, a central rod and a lower rod, a deflection assembly and a transmission barrel are sleeved on the lower rod and connected with the casing in a key mode, an eccentric pipe is fixedly installed on the upper rod through a locking nut, a control assembly is sleeved on the central rod, an upper sleeve is sleeved in the casing between the control assembly and the eccentric pipe, and a lower sleeve is sleeved in the casing between the control assembly and the deflection assembly.

The upper rod, the middle rod and the lower rod are connected through the locking balls, the locking rods are respectively inserted on the middle rod and the lower rod above the locking balls, and the upper rod, the middle rod and the lower rod can rotate relatively.

The upper rod is in a reducing tubular shape, and a pressure building flange is arranged in an upper port of the upper rod.

The inner wall of the middle rod is provided with a partition plate, the partition plate and the middle rod are integrally formed, the middle rod on the upper portion of the partition plate is symmetrically provided with shunting holes, the shunting holes are communicated with the inner hole on the upper portion of the middle rod, the middle rod on the lower portion of the partition plate is provided with a discharge hole, and the discharge hole is communicated with the inner hole on the lower portion of the middle rod.

The deflection assembly comprises an upper valve disc, a lower valve disc, a push rod and a push plate, the upper valve disc is in key connection with a middle rod, a locking nut is installed on a lower rod below the upper valve disc in a threaded mode, the lower rod between the locking nut and the upper valve disc is sleeved with the lower valve disc, the lower valve disc is fixedly connected with the shell, a plurality of piston cavities are arranged in the lower valve disc in a radiation mode, the piston cavities are internally and respectively provided with the push rod in a sliding mode, a piston is fixedly installed on the push rod, a spring is installed between the piston and the lower valve disc, the end of the push rod extends out of the lower valve disc, and the end of the.

The push plate is an arc-shaped plate.

The upper valve disc is axially provided with a bypass hole, an upper transverse hole is radially arranged in the upper valve disc on the inner side of the bypass hole, the upper transverse hole is communicated with the bypass hole and the drainage hole respectively, and a one-way valve is arranged in the upper transverse hole.

The upper end of lower valve disc be radially provided with a plurality of biography pressure holes, pass pressure hole and piston chamber intercommunication, the lower extreme of lower valve disc is provided with a plurality of pressure release grooves, pressure release groove and biography pressure hole are the dislocation form setting, are provided with down the cross bore in the lower valve disc of pressure release inslot side, pressure release groove is through cross bore and piston chamber intercommunication down.

The outer wall of the transmission cylinder is arc-shaped.

The control assembly is composed of a control barrel, a pin and a stop ring, the control barrel is in key connection with a middle rod, the pin is inserted into the control barrel and fixedly installed on the shell, a locking nut is installed on the middle rod below the control barrel in a threaded mode, the stop ring is sleeved on the middle rod between the locking nut and the control barrel, and a spring is installed between the stop ring and the control barrel.

The control cylinder on be provided with the round control tank, one side equipartition in the control tank has a plurality of control teeth of going up, the opposite side equipartition in the control tank has a plurality of control teeth down, goes up control tooth and control tooth down and be the setting of dislocation form.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the mechanical directional rotary steering drilling tool has the advantages of being low in cost, stable in work and easy to maintain, the angle of the middle rod is switched by changing the flow of drilling fluid, the drilling angle is changed, mechanical control is achieved, extra electric control equipment does not need to be installed, production cost is saved, a mechanical structure is not prone to being affected by high temperature, work is stable, components are easy to maintain or replace, maintenance is easy, the problems that existing electric control rotary steering tools are high in cost, work is prone to losing efficacy and not prone to being maintained are solved, and the requirement of drilling work is met.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the upper rod of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 1 at B;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the middle rod of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial schematic view at C of FIG. 1;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a control cylinder of the present invention;

fig. 8 is an expanded view of the control slot of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 1 at D;

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction F-F in FIG. 9;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of an upper valve disc of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic top view of the lower valve disc of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic bottom view of the lower valve disc of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along direction E-E in fig. 1.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a shell, 2, an upper connector, 3, a lower connector, 4, a steering assembly, 4-1, an upper valve disc, 4-2, a lower valve disc, 4-3, a push rod, 4-4, a push plate, 4-5, a bypass hole, 4-6, an upper transverse hole, 4-7, a one-way valve, 4-8, a piston, 4-9, a pressure transmission hole, 4-10, a pressure relief groove, 4-11, a lower transverse hole, 5, a transmission cylinder, 6, an eccentric pipe, 7, a control assembly, 7-1, a control cylinder, 7-2, a pin, 7-3, a baffle ring, 7-4, a control groove, 7-5, an upper control tooth, 7-6, a lower control tooth, 8, an upper sleeve, 9, a lower sleeve, 10, an upper rod, 10-1, a pressure retaining flange, 11, a middle rod, 11-1, a sealing disc, 11-2, a pressure retaining flange, a middle rod, a pressure retaining ring, the device comprises a diversion hole 11-3, a discharge hole 12, a lower rod 13, a locking ball 14, a locking rod 15, a locking nut 16 and a spring.

Detailed Description

The mechanical directional rotary steering drilling tool comprises a shell 1, an upper joint 2, a lower joint 3, a central rod, a steering component 4, a transmission cylinder 5, an eccentric pipe 6, a control component 7, an upper sleeve 8 and a lower sleeve 9, wherein the upper joint 2 is installed on a port at one end of the shell 1 in a threaded manner, the upper joint 2 is used for connecting the drilling tool at the upper part, so that the shell 1 rotates synchronously with the drilling tool at the upper part, the lower joint 3 is installed on a port at the other end of the shell 1 in a threaded manner, the central rod is sleeved in the shell 1 between the lower joint 3 and the upper joint 2 and consists of an upper rod 10, a central rod 11 and a lower rod 12, the upper rod 10, the central rod 11 and the lower rod 12 are connected through a locking ball 13, a locking rod 14 is respectively inserted on the central rod 11 and the lower rod 12 above the locking ball 13, and the locking rod 14 and the locking ball 13 are matched to ensure that the upper rod 10, but allows relative rotation between the upper bar 10, the middle bar 11 and the lower bar 12.

The upper rod 10 is in a reducing tubular shape, a pressure building flange 10-1 is arranged in an upper port of the upper rod 10, the eccentric pipe 6 is fixedly arranged on the upper rod 10 through a locking nut 15, and the upper rod 10 is kept stable under the action of the eccentric pipe 6, namely when the shell 1 rotates synchronously with the drilling tool on the upper part, the upper rod 10 cannot rotate synchronously with the shell 1.

The inner wall of the middle rod 11 is provided with a sealing disc 11-1, the sealing disc 11-1 and the middle rod 11 are integrally formed, the sealing disc 11-1 is used for sealing an inner hole of the middle rod 11, so that drilling fluid cannot directly flow downwards through the inner hole of the middle rod 11, the middle rod 11 at the upper part of the sealing disc 11-1 is symmetrically provided with shunting holes 11-2, and the shunting holes 11-2 are communicated with the inner hole at the upper part of the middle rod 11; the middle rod 11 at the lower part of the sealing disc 11-1 is provided with a discharge hole 11-3, and the discharge hole 11-3 is communicated with an inner hole at the lower part of the middle rod 11.

The middle rod 11 is sleeved with a control component 7, the control component 7 is composed of a control cylinder 7-1, a pin 7-2 and a baffle ring 7-3, the control cylinder 7-1 is in key connection with the middle rod 11, a circle of control groove 7-4 is arranged on the control cylinder 7-1, a plurality of upper control teeth 7-5 are uniformly distributed on one side in the control groove 7-4, a plurality of lower control teeth 7-6 are uniformly distributed on the other side in the control groove 7-4, the upper control teeth 7-5 and the lower control teeth 7-6 are arranged in a staggered manner, a gap is reserved between the end of the upper control teeth 7-5 and the end of the lower control teeth 7-6, the pin 7-2 is inserted in the control groove 7-4 between the end of the upper control teeth 7-5 and the end of the lower control teeth 7-6, the pin 7-2 is fixedly arranged on the shell 1, the pin 7-2 is not contacted with the upper control tooth 7-5 and the lower control tooth 7-6, a locking nut 15 is arranged on a middle rod 11 below the control cylinder 7-1 in a threaded mode, a baffle ring 7-3 is sleeved on the middle rod 11 between the locking nut 15 and the control cylinder 7-1, a spring 16 is arranged between the baffle ring 7-3 and the control cylinder 7-1, an upper sleeve 8 is sleeved in a shell 1 between the control cylinder 7-1 and the eccentric tube 6, and the upper sleeve 8 is used for limiting the control cylinder 7-1 in cooperation with the spring 16.

The lower rod 12 is sleeved with a transmission cylinder 5, the transmission cylinder 5 is in key connection with the shell 1, a gap exists between an external spline of the transmission cylinder 5 and an internal spline of the shell 1, so that the transmission cylinder 5 can generate small radial displacement when rotating along with the shell 1, the outer wall of the transmission cylinder 5 is arc-shaped, the arc-shaped outer wall of the transmission cylinder 5 can reduce interference with the shell 1 when deflecting, and the lower end head of the lower rod 12 is used for mounting a drill bit so as to transmit rotation and deflection to the drill bit and realize the function of rotary guide drilling; the lower rod 12 above the transmission cylinder 5 is sleeved with a deflection assembly, the deflection assembly is composed of an upper valve disc 4-1, a lower valve disc 4-2, a push rod 4-3 and a push plate 4-4, the upper valve disc 4-1 is in key connection with the middle rod 11, and axial allowance is reserved on the middle rod 11 corresponding to an external spline of the upper valve disc 4-1, so that when the upper valve disc 4-1 slides axially relative to the middle rod 11, the upper valve disc 4-1 can still be in key connection with the middle rod 11.

The upper valve disc 4-1 is axially provided with a bypass hole 4-5, an upper transverse hole 4-6 is radially arranged in the upper valve disc 4-1 at the inner side of the bypass hole 4-5, the upper transverse hole 4-6 is respectively communicated with the bypass hole 4-5 and a drain hole 11-3, a one-way valve 4-7 is arranged in the upper transverse hole 4-6, the one-way valve 4-7 is opened when the hydraulic pressure of the drilling fluid is overhigh, the drilling fluid enters an inner hole at the lower part of the middle rod 11 along the upper transverse hole 4-6 and the drain hole 11-3 and is discharged out of the shell 1, a lower sleeve 9 is sleeved in the shell 1 between the upper valve disc 4-1 and the deflection assembly, a locking nut 15 is installed on the lower rod 12 below the upper valve disc 4-1 in a threaded mode, and the locking nut 15 is used for matching with the lower sleeve.

A lower valve disc 4-2 is sleeved on a lower rod 12 between a locking nut 15 and an upper valve disc 4-1, the lower valve disc 4-2 is fixedly connected with a shell 1, a plurality of piston cavities are radially arranged in the lower valve disc 4-2, push rods 4-3 are respectively and slidably arranged in the piston cavities, pistons 4-8 are fixedly arranged on the push rods 4-3, springs 16 are arranged between the pistons 4-8 and the lower valve disc 4-2, the end of each push rod 4-3 extends out of the corresponding lower valve disc 4-2, a push plate 4-4 is arranged at the end of each push rod 4-3 extending out of the corresponding lower valve disc 4-2, the push plates 4-4 are arc-shaped plates, and the push plates 4-4 push the lower rod 12 to deflect in the working process so as to drive a drill bit to deflect to realize; the upper end of the lower valve disc 4-2 is radially provided with a plurality of pressure transfer holes 4-9, the pressure transfer holes 4-9 are communicated with the piston cavity, when the lower valve disc 4-2 rotates to a specific angle, the pressure transfer holes 4-9 are communicated with the bypass holes 4-5, drilling fluid enters the piston cavity to push the push rod 4-3 to work, the lower end of the lower valve disc 4-2 is provided with a plurality of pressure relief grooves 4-10, the pressure relief grooves 4-10 and the pressure transfer holes 4-9 are arranged in a staggered mode, lower transverse holes 4-11 are arranged in the lower valve disc 4-2 on the inner side of the pressure relief grooves 4-10, and the pressure relief grooves 4-10 are communicated with the piston cavity through the lower transverse holes 4-11 so that the drilling fluid which finishes working can be discharged out of the piston cavity.

The working process of the drilling tool is as follows: during normal use, drilling fluid enters the drilling tool through the upper connector 2, then enters the upper part of the middle rod 11 through the inner hole of the upper rod 10, enters the annular space between the middle rod 11 and the shell 1 through the diversion hole 11-2 and then enters the upper valve disc 4-1 along the bypass hole 4-5; since the upper rod 10 is kept stationary by the eccentric tube 6, there is no additional force to rotate the middle rod 11 and the upper valve disc 4-1, while the lower valve disc 4-2 is continuously rotated with the housing 1, i.e. the lower valve disc 4-2 is rotated relative to the upper valve disc 4-1.

When the lower valve disc 4-2 rotates to a specific angle, the pressure transmission hole 4-9 of the lower valve disc 4-2 is communicated with the bypass hole 4-5 of the upper valve disc 4-1, the drilling fluid enters each piston cavity of the lower valve disc 4-2 through the pressure transmission hole 4-9, the drilling fluid compresses the spring 16 through the piston 4-8 and pushes the push rod 4-3 to move, the push rod 4-3 pushes the lower rod 12 through the push plate 4-4, so that the lower rod 12 deflects, the lower rod 12 drives the drill bit to deflect, so that the drill bit drills in a certain direction, as the lower rod 12 synchronously rotates with the shell 1 under the action of the transmission cylinder 5, the drill bit keeps rotating while deflecting, so as to realize the function of rotary drilling, in addition, the lower rod 12 is connected with the middle rod 11 through the locking ball 13, so that the rotating force of the lower rod 12 cannot be transmitted to the middle rod 11, namely, in normal use, the central rod 11 and the upper valve disk 4-1 maintain the initial angle, and the rotation angle of the bypass hole 4-5 of the upper valve disk 4-1 is also fixed, so that the drilling direction of the drill bit depends only on the rotation angle of the central rod 11.

When the lower valve disc 4-2 continues to rotate and the pressure transfer hole 4-9 of the lower valve disc 4-2 is not communicated with the bypass hole 4-5 of the upper valve disc 4-1, the hydraulic pressure is reduced, the spring 16 pushes the piston 4-8 to enable the push rod 4-3 to return to the original position and extrude drilling fluid in the piston cavity, and the drilling fluid is discharged out of the piston cavity along the pressure relief groove 4-10 and then is discharged out of the shell 1 along the annular space between the lower rod 12 and the shell 1.

When the drilling angle needs to be changed, a ground worker increases the flow of drilling fluid momentarily, when the flow of the drilling fluid is increased, hydraulic pressure gives an impact force to the pressure-building flange 10-1, so that the upper rod 10, the middle rod 11 and the lower rod 12 synchronously move downwards, and the spring 16 between the control cylinder 7-1 and the baffle is compressed, and because the middle rod 11 is provided with an axial allowance corresponding to an external spline of the upper valve disc 4-1, when the upper valve disc 4-1 axially slides upwards relative to the middle rod 11, the upper valve disc 4-1 still keeps key connection with the middle rod 11; the middle rod 11 drives the control cylinder 7-1 to move downwards, the pin 7-2 moves upwards relative to the control cylinder 7-1, the pin 7-2 moves upwards and then is clamped between the upper control teeth 7-5, the pin 7-2 rotates along with the shell 1, the pin 7-2 is clamped between the upper control teeth 7-5 and then drives the control cylinder 7-1 and the middle rod 11 to rotate, and the middle rod 11 drives the lower valve disc 4-2 to synchronously rotate.

When the flow of the drilling fluid is restored, the spring 16 between the control cylinder 7-1 and the baffle plate pushes the upper rod 10, the middle rod 11 and the lower rod 12 to return to the original position, the pin 7-2 leaves the upper control teeth 7-5, the middle rod 11 stops rotating after rotating for a certain angle and keeps at a new angle, and the lower valve disc 4-2 and the pressure transmission hole 4-9 on the lower valve disc 4-2 also rotate to a new angle. Therefore, in the subsequent working process, when the lower valve disc 4-2 rotates to a new angle, the pressure transfer hole 4-9 of the lower valve disc 4-2 is communicated with the bypass hole 4-5 of the upper valve disc 4-1, the drilling fluid pushes the push rod 4-3 to work, the lower rod 12 deflects towards the other direction, and the lower rod 12 drives the drill bit to deflect, so that the steering effect is realized.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a rotatory steering drilling tool of directional formula of machinery, it comprises casing (1), top connection (2), lower clutch (3), well core rod, steering assembly (4), driving cylinder (5), eccentric pipe (6), control assembly (7), upper sleeve (8) and lower sleeve (9), its characterized in that: the utility model provides a casing, including casing (1), well casing (1) and well casing (1), the one end port internal thread of casing (1) is installed and is connect (2), and the other end port internal thread of casing (1) is installed lower clutch (3), and well core rod is equipped with well core rod in casing (1) endotheca between lower clutch (3) and upper clutch (2), well core rod comprises upper boom (10), well core rod (11) and lower beam (12), lower beam (12) go up the cover and be equipped with deflection subassembly and driving barrel (5), driving barrel (5) and casing (1) key-type connection, upper boom (10) on be equipped with eccentric pipe (6) admittedly through lock nut (15), well core rod (11) on the cover control assembly (7) are equipped with, casing (1) endotheca between control assembly (7) and eccentric pipe (6) is equipped with sleeve (8), lower sleeve (9) are equipped with to casing.

2. The mechanically-directed rotary steerable drilling tool of claim 1, wherein: the upper rod (10), the middle rod (11) and the lower rod (12) are connected through a locking ball (13), the locking rods (14) are respectively inserted on the middle rod (11) and the lower rod (12) above the locking ball (13), and the upper rod (10), the middle rod (11) and the lower rod (12) can rotate relatively.

3. A mechanically directional rotary steerable drilling tool as in claim 2, wherein: the upper rod (10) is in a reducing pipe shape, and a pressure building flange (10-1) is arranged in an upper port of the upper rod (10).

4. A mechanically directional rotary steerable drilling tool as in claim 2, wherein: the inner wall of the middle rod (11) is provided with a sealing disc (11-1), the sealing disc (11-1) and the middle rod (11) are integrally formed, the middle rod (11) on the upper portion of the sealing disc (11-1) is symmetrically provided with shunting holes (11-2), the shunting holes (11-2) are communicated with an inner hole in the upper portion of the middle rod (11), the middle rod (11) on the lower portion of the sealing disc (11-1) is provided with a drainage hole (11-3), and the drainage hole (11-3) is communicated with the inner hole in the lower portion of the middle rod (11).

5. The mechanically-directed rotary steerable drilling tool of claim 1, wherein: the deflection assembly is composed of an upper valve disc (4-1), a lower valve disc (4-2), a push rod (4-3) and a push plate (4-4), the upper valve disc (4-1) is connected with a middle rod (11) in a key mode, a locking nut (15) is installed on a lower rod (12) below the upper valve disc (4-1) in a threaded mode, the lower rod (12) between the locking nut (15) and the upper valve disc (4-1) is sleeved with the lower valve disc (4-2), the lower valve disc (4-2) is fixedly connected with the shell (1), a plurality of piston cavities are radially arranged in the lower valve disc (4-2), the push rod (4-3) is installed in each piston cavity in a sliding mode, a piston (4-8) is fixedly installed on the push rod (4-3), and a spring (16) is installed between the piston (4-8) and the lower valve disc (4-2, the end of the push rod (4-3) extends out of the lower valve disc (4-2), and the end of the push rod (4-3) extending out of the lower valve disc (4-2) is provided with a push plate (4-4).

6. The mechanically-directed rotary steerable drilling tool of claim 5, wherein: the push plate (4-4) is an arc-shaped plate.

7. The mechanically-directed rotary steerable drilling tool of claim 5, wherein: the upper valve disc (4-1) is axially provided with a bypass hole (4-5), the upper valve disc (4-1) on the inner side of the bypass hole (4-5) is radially provided with an upper transverse hole (4-6), the upper transverse hole (4-6) is respectively communicated with the bypass hole (4-5) and the drainage hole (11-3), and the upper transverse hole (4-6) is internally provided with a one-way valve (4-7).

8. The mechanically-directed rotary steerable drilling tool of claim 5, wherein: the upper end of the lower valve disc (4-2) is radially provided with a plurality of pressure transfer holes (4-9), the pressure transfer holes (4-9) are communicated with the piston cavity, the lower end of the lower valve disc (4-2) is provided with a plurality of pressure relief grooves (4-10), the pressure relief grooves (4-10) and the pressure transfer holes (4-9) are arranged in a staggered manner, lower transverse holes (4-11) are arranged in the lower valve disc (4-2) on the inner side of the pressure relief grooves (4-10), and the pressure relief grooves (4-10) are communicated with the piston cavity through the lower transverse holes (4-11).

9. The mechanically-directed rotary steerable drilling tool of claim 1, wherein: the control component (7) is composed of a control barrel (7-1), a pin (7-2) and a stop ring (7-3), the control barrel (7-1) is in key connection with a middle rod (11), the pin (7-2) is inserted on the control barrel (7-1), the pin (7-2) is fixedly arranged on the shell (1), a locking nut (15) is installed on the middle rod (11) below the control barrel (7-1) in a threaded mode, the stop ring (7-3) is sleeved on the middle rod (11) between the locking nut (15) and the control barrel (7-1), and a spring (16) is installed between the stop ring (7-3) and the control barrel (7-1).

10. The mechanically-directed rotary steerable drilling tool of claim 9, wherein: the control cylinder (7-1) is provided with a circle of control grooves (7-4), a plurality of upper control teeth (7-5) are uniformly distributed on one side in each control groove (7-4), a plurality of lower control teeth (7-6) are uniformly distributed on the other side in each control groove (7-4), and the upper control teeth (7-5) and the lower control teeth (7-6) are arranged in a staggered mode.

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