CN210970699U - Passive discharge circuit, motor controller and electric automobile - Google Patents
Passive discharge circuit, motor controller and electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN210970699U CN210970699U CN201921693908.XU CN201921693908U CN210970699U CN 210970699 U CN210970699 U CN 210970699U CN 201921693908 U CN201921693908 U CN 201921693908U CN 210970699 U CN210970699 U CN 210970699U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a passive discharge circuit, machine controller and electric automobile, including first passive branch road that discharges in the passive discharge circuit, second passive discharge branch road and change over switch, after change over switch has not received the predetermined signal, change over switch's movable contact and first passive branch road that discharges are connected, realize the requirement that discharges to energy storage electric capacity under the car normal condition, after change over switch received the predetermined signal, change over switch's movable contact and second are connected by the branch road that discharges passively, at this moment, first passive branch road that discharges breaks off, discharge to energy storage electric capacity by the second by the branch road that discharges passively. Therefore, when the automobile is collided and the active discharge circuit cannot be normally started, the second passive discharge branch circuit quickly discharges the energy storage capacitor, the safe discharge time condition is met, the requirement of safe voltage after high-voltage collision is met, and the personal safety of passengers is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a vehicle field especially relates to a passive discharge circuit, machine controller and electric automobile.
Background
Due to the rapid development of the pure electric vehicle market, the demand on a motor controller is increased dramatically, the transformation time of the motor controller is shortened, after the motor controller is powered off, the electric energy is stored in an energy storage capacitor, in order to guarantee the personal safety of passengers, the electric energy in the energy storage capacitor needs to be released, meanwhile, the energy storage capacitor serves as a junction for direct current and alternating current conversion, however, in a new energy vehicle, besides the need of passively discharging the energy storage capacitor, the importance of the personal safety is considered, meanwhile, the active discharging function of the motor controller needs to be realized, namely, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor needs to be reduced to be below the safety voltage within 5S according to the national standard requirement.
The method is characterized in that a mode of combining active discharging and passive discharging is commonly adopted for discharging control of a vehicle control unit in an electric vehicle, and when the vehicle control unit needs to discharge the high voltage of a high-voltage circuit where an energy storage capacitor is located to be lower than a safe voltage, the active discharging circuit and/or the passive discharging circuit are/is controlled to discharge the energy storage capacitor to enable the voltage to be lower than the safe voltage. The active discharge circuit can discharge high voltage to safe voltage in a short time (generally 5 seconds), and the passive discharge circuit has much longer discharge time (generally 2 minutes) compared with the active discharge circuit.
In the electric automobile, the passive discharge circuit is always in a discharge state, the discharge speed is low, the discharge time is long, and the discharge requirement of the high-voltage circuit in a normal state is mainly ensured. After the electric automobile collides, the high-voltage circuit needs to be rapidly discharged to ensure that the voltage is below the safe voltage (the time is generally 5 seconds to 60 seconds), at the moment, the air bag controller sends an air bag hard wire signal to the vehicle control unit, the vehicle control unit sends a discharge demand signal to the motor controller after receiving the air bag hard wire signal, the motor controller controls the active discharge circuit and is matched with the passive circuit to achieve rapid discharge of the high-voltage circuit, and the high-voltage safety requirement after the electric automobile collides is met. However, when the vehicle collides, if the vehicle controller fails and cannot send a discharge demand signal to the motor controller, the motor controller cannot control the active discharge circuit to start normally, so that the energy storage capacitor cannot be discharged quickly, at this time, the energy storage capacitor can only be discharged by the passive discharge circuit, because the passive discharge circuit is slow in discharge speed and long in discharge time, when the vehicle collides, the requirement for quick discharge of the energy storage capacitor cannot be met, namely, the discharge time exceeds 60 seconds, the requirement for safe voltage after high-voltage collision cannot be met, and personal safety of passengers is threatened.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the car among the prior art and when bumping, when the unable normal start of initiative discharge circuit, because the discharge rate of passive discharge circuit is slow, can't carry out quick discharge and lead to the problem of high pressure leakage to the car. Therefore, the utility model provides a passive discharge circuit, machine controller and car bumps at the car, when the unable normal start of initiative discharge circuit, has promoted passive discharge circuit's discharge rate, carries out quick discharge to the car, has satisfied the requirement of high-pressure collision back safe voltage, has guaranteed passenger's personal safety.
In order to solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a passive discharge circuit, including: the first passive discharge branch circuit, the second passive discharge branch circuit and the change-over switch;
the first passive discharge branch and the second passive discharge branch are connected in parallel and are connected into the high-voltage circuit, and the first passive discharge branch and the second passive discharge branch are used for passively discharging the high-voltage circuit;
the movable contact of the change-over switch is connected with the first passive discharge branch circuit, and is switched to be connected in series with the second passive discharge branch circuit after receiving a preset signal;
the discharge time of the second passive discharge branch is less than that of the first passive discharge branch, and a safe discharge time condition is met.
By adopting the technical scheme, the passive discharge circuit comprises a first passive discharge branch, a second passive discharge branch and a change-over switch, after the change-over switch does not receive a preset signal, a movable contact of the change-over switch is connected with the first passive discharge branch, so that the requirement of discharging the energy storage capacitor under the normal state of the automobile is met, after the change-over switch receives the preset signal, the movable contact of the change-over switch is connected with the second passive discharge branch, at the moment, the first passive discharge branch is disconnected, and the second passive discharge branch discharges the energy storage capacitor. The discharge time of the second passive discharge branch is shorter than that of the first passive discharge branch, so that the requirement of rapid discharge of the energy storage capacitor in an automobile collision state is met. Therefore, when the automobile is collided and the active discharge circuit cannot be normally started, the second passive discharge branch circuit quickly discharges the energy storage capacitor, the safe discharge time condition is met, the requirement of safe voltage after high-voltage collision is met, and the personal safety of passengers is guaranteed.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first passive discharge branch has a first discharge resistor, and the second passive discharge branch has a second discharge resistor, and a resistance of the second discharge resistor is smaller than a resistance of the first discharge resistor.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the high voltage circuit has an energy storage capacitor;
one end of the first discharge resistor is respectively connected with the positive electrode of the power supply of the high-voltage circuit and one end of the energy storage capacitor;
when the change-over switch does not receive the preset signal, the other end of the first discharge resistor is connected with a movable contact of the change-over switch in series;
the static contact of the change-over switch is respectively connected with the negative electrode of the high-voltage circuit and the other end of the energy storage capacitor;
one end of the second discharge resistor is respectively connected with the positive electrode of the power supply of the high-voltage circuit and one end of the energy storage capacitor;
when the change-over switch receives the preset signal, the movable contact of the change-over switch is connected with the other end of the second discharge resistor in series;
and a static contact of the change-over switch is respectively connected with the negative electrode of the high-voltage circuit and the other end of the energy storage capacitor.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the switch is a relay, and the relay has a normally open contact and a normally closed contact;
the input loop of the relay is used for receiving the predetermined signal,
when the change-over switch does not receive the preset signal, the normally closed contact of the relay is connected in series with the first passive discharge branch circuit;
when the change-over switch receives the preset signal, the normally closed contact of the change-over switch is disconnected with the first passive discharge branch circuit, and the normally open contact of the relay is connected with the second passive discharge branch circuit.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the predetermined signal is specifically an automobile collision signal and/or an airbag ejection signal.
An embodiment of the utility model discloses a discharge circuit, including initiative discharge circuit and above arbitrary one passive discharge circuit, initiative discharge circuit and passive discharge circuit connect in parallel and insert high-voltage circuit.
By adopting the technical scheme, the passive discharge circuit comprises a first passive discharge branch, a second passive discharge branch and a change-over switch, after the change-over switch does not receive a preset signal, a movable contact of the change-over switch is connected with the first passive discharge branch, so that the requirement of discharging the energy storage capacitor under the normal state of the automobile is met, after the change-over switch receives the preset signal, the movable contact of the change-over switch is connected with the second passive discharge branch, at the moment, the first passive discharge branch is disconnected, and the second passive discharge branch discharges the energy storage capacitor. The discharge time of the second passive discharge branch is shorter than that of the first passive discharge branch, so that the requirement of rapid discharge of the energy storage capacitor in an automobile collision state is met. Therefore, when the automobile is collided and the active discharge circuit cannot be normally started, the second passive discharge branch circuit quickly discharges the energy storage capacitor, the safe discharge time condition is met, the requirement of safe voltage after high-voltage collision is met, and the personal safety of passengers is guaranteed.
When the active discharge circuit can be normally started and high-voltage collision occurs, the active discharge circuit is matched with the second passive discharge branch circuit, the discharge speed of the energy storage capacitor is further accelerated, the time for reducing high voltage to safe voltage is shortened, the reliability of preventing high-voltage leakage is improved, and the personal safety of passengers is ensured.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the resistance of the second discharging resistor in the second passive discharging branch in the passive discharging circuit does not exceed the resistance of the third discharging resistor in the active discharging circuit.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, a ratio of a resistance value of the first discharge resistor branch in the passive discharge circuit to a resistance value of the second discharge resistor is between 3 and 5.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further includes: a full-bridge inverter circuit;
the active discharge circuit includes: the high-voltage circuit is provided with an energy storage capacitor;
one end of the third discharge resistor is respectively connected with the positive electrode of the power supply of the high-voltage circuit, one end of the energy storage capacitor and one end of the passive discharge circuit;
the other end of the third discharging resistor is connected with a collector of the IGBT switching tube;
the emitter of the IGBT switching tube is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply of the high-voltage circuit, the other end of the energy storage capacitor and the other end of the passive discharge circuit;
the full-bridge inverter circuit is connected with the active discharge circuit and the passive discharge circuit in parallel and connected with the motor.
Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, adopt full-bridge inverter's structure, can be applicable to powerful inverter circuit, when the power on high-voltage circuit is too big, the embodiment of the utility model provides a full-bridge inverter circuit can adapt to powerful high-voltage circuit, the good reliability.
An embodiment of the utility model discloses a motor controller, include: a discharge circuit as any of the above mentioned.
By adopting the technical scheme, the passive discharge circuit comprises a first passive discharge branch, a second passive discharge branch and a change-over switch, after the change-over switch does not receive a preset signal, a movable contact of the change-over switch is connected with the first passive discharge branch, so that the requirement of discharging the energy storage capacitor under the normal state of the automobile is met, after the change-over switch receives the preset signal, the movable contact of the change-over switch is connected with the second passive discharge branch, at the moment, the first passive discharge branch is disconnected, and the second passive discharge branch discharges the energy storage capacitor. The discharge time of the second passive discharge branch is shorter than that of the first passive discharge branch, so that the requirement of rapid discharge of the energy storage capacitor in an automobile collision state is met. Therefore, when the automobile collides and the active discharge circuit cannot be started normally, the second passive discharge branch circuit discharges the energy storage capacitor quickly, the safe discharge time condition is met, high-voltage leakage is avoided, and the personal safety of passengers is ensured.
An embodiment of the utility model discloses an electric automobile, include: vehicle control unit and gasbag device still include: a motor controller as claimed in any one of the above;
the air bag device is respectively connected with the passive discharge circuits in the vehicle controller and the motor controller and is used for controlling the discharge of the passive discharge circuits and sending a preset signal to the vehicle controller;
and the vehicle control unit is connected with the motor controller and used for controlling the motor controller to control the active discharge circuit to discharge after receiving the preset signal.
By adopting the technical scheme, the passive discharge circuit comprises a first passive discharge branch, a second passive discharge branch and a change-over switch, after the change-over switch does not receive a preset signal, a movable contact of the change-over switch is connected with the first passive discharge branch, so that the requirement of discharging the energy storage capacitor under the normal state of the automobile is met, after the change-over switch receives the preset signal, the movable contact of the change-over switch is connected with the second passive discharge branch, at the moment, the first passive discharge branch is disconnected, and the second passive discharge branch discharges the energy storage capacitor. The discharge time of the second passive discharge branch is shorter than that of the first passive discharge branch, so that the requirement of rapid discharge of the energy storage capacitor in an automobile collision state is met. Therefore, when the automobile is collided and the active discharge circuit cannot be normally started, the second passive discharge branch circuit quickly discharges the energy storage capacitor, the safe discharge time condition is met, the requirement of safe voltage after high-voltage collision is met, and the personal safety of passengers is guaranteed.
In addition, when the vehicle control unit and the motor controller can control the active discharge circuit to be started normally, the active discharge circuit is matched with the second passive discharge branch circuit, the discharge speed of the energy storage capacitor is further accelerated, the time for reducing the high voltage to the safe voltage is shortened, the requirement of the safe voltage after the high voltage collision is met, and the personal safety of passengers is ensured.
Other features and corresponding advantages of the invention are set forth in the following part of the specification, and it is to be understood that at least some of the advantages become apparent from the description of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1(a) is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a first passive discharge branch of a passive discharge circuit disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention being connected to a change-over switch;
fig. 1(b) is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a second passive discharge branch of the passive discharge circuit and a switch disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure between a passive discharge circuit and an energy storage capacitor disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a discharge circuit disclosed in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of another discharge circuit disclosed in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle disclosed in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1: a first passive discharge branch; 2: a second passive discharge branch; 3: a switch; 4: an active discharge circuit; 5: a passive discharge circuit; 6: a full-bridge inverter circuit; 7: a motor; 8: a vehicle control unit; 9: an airbag device; 10: a discharge circuit; 11: and an IGBT switching tube.
R1: a first discharge resistor; r2: a second discharge resistor; r3: a third discharge resistor; c1: and an energy storage capacitor.
Detailed Description
The following description is provided for illustrative embodiments of the present invention, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. While the invention will be described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended that features of the invention be limited to only those embodiments. On the contrary, the intention of implementing the novel features described in connection with the embodiments is to cover other alternatives or modifications which may be extended based on the claims of the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be practiced without these particulars. Furthermore, some of the specific details are omitted from the description so as not to obscure or obscure the present invention. It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that in this specification, like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The following description is made with reference to fig. 1(a) and 1(b) for a passive discharge circuit disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention, where fig. 1(a) is the circuit structure diagram of the switch-on of the first passive discharge branch and the switch of the passive discharge circuit disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention, fig. 1(b) is the circuit structure diagram of the switch-on of the second passive discharge branch and the switch of the passive discharge circuit disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention, and fig. 2 is the connection structure diagram of the passive discharge circuit and the energy storage capacitor disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The embodiment 1 of the utility model discloses a passive discharge circuit 5 includes: the device comprises a first passive discharge branch 1, a second passive discharge branch 2 and a change-over switch 3.
The first passive discharge branch 1 and the second passive discharge branch 2 are connected in parallel to a high-voltage circuit and used for performing passive discharge on the high-voltage circuit.
The movable contact of the change-over switch 3 is connected with the first passive discharge branch 1, and the movable contact of the change-over switch 3 is connected with the second passive discharge branch 2 after receiving a predetermined signal.
The discharge time of the second passive discharge branch 2 is less than that of the first passive discharge branch 1, and the safe discharge time condition is met.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, no improvement is made on the active discharge circuit of the electric vehicle, the active discharge circuit can refer to the prior art, embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1(a) and 1(b), where V + in fig. 1(a) and 1(b) represents the positive electrode of the high-voltage circuit, and V-represents the negative electrode of the high-voltage circuit.
Specifically, the length of the discharge time is directly related to the resistance value of the discharge resistor, and the smaller the resistance value of the discharge resistor is, the shorter the discharge time is. The safe discharge time condition for bleeding the voltage of the high voltage circuit below the safe voltage (dc voltage 60V, ac voltage 36V) may be as follows:
specifically, when the vehicle is in a normal state (the vehicle is not in collision), the safe discharge time for discharging the voltage of the high-voltage circuit to the safe voltage (ac 36V, dc 60V) is as follows:
the safe time of the active discharge circuit is less than 3 seconds.
The safe time of the passive discharge circuit is less than 2 minutes.
After the automobile collides, the safe discharge time for discharging the voltage of the high-voltage circuit below the safe voltage is as follows:
the time for the active discharge circuit to discharge the voltage of the high-voltage circuit to the safe voltage is less than 5 seconds, and the time for the passive discharge circuit to discharge the voltage of the high-voltage circuit to the safe voltage is less than 60 seconds.
Based on this, as the utility model discloses optional embodiment, first passive branch 1 that discharges has first discharge resistance R1, and second passive branch 2 that discharges has second discharge resistance R2, and the resistance of second discharge resistance R2 is less than first discharge resistance R1's resistance.
The resistance of the second discharge resistor R2 is smaller than that of the first discharge resistor R1, the resistance of the first discharge resistor R1 can be consistent with that of the discharge resistor of the original passive discharge branch circuit in the prior art, and the resistance of the second discharge resistor R2 can be determined according to the magnitude of the safe voltage of the high-voltage circuit and the time required for discharging the voltage of the high-voltage circuit to the safe voltage. The embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited to the resistance of the first discharge resistor R1 and the resistance of the second discharge resistor R2. For example, when the safe voltage of the high-voltage circuit is the direct-current voltage 60V, the time from the voltage of the active discharge circuit to the safe voltage should be less than 5 seconds, the value of the resistor in the active discharge circuit should meet the requirement that the time from the voltage of the active discharge circuit to the safe voltage is less than 5 seconds, and the resistance value of the second discharge resistor R2 is 3 to 5 times of the resistance value of the discharge resistor of the active discharge circuit, so that the requirement that the voltage of the high-voltage circuit is discharged to below the safe voltage 60V by the second passive discharge branch circuit 2 within 60 seconds is met. For example: under the condition of 2000uF energy storage capacitor (support capacitor), the resistance of the first discharge resistor R1 in the first passive discharge branch 1 is 25.2K Ω; the resistance value of the second discharge resistor R2 in the second passive discharge branch 2 is 5K omega; the resistance value of the third discharge resistor in the active discharge circuit is 420 omega.
Further, passive discharge circuit and initiative discharge circuit all are to discharging the storage voltage of energy storage capacitor in the high-voltage circuit, as shown in fig. 2, as the utility model discloses optional embodiment, high-voltage circuit has energy storage capacitor C1, and first discharge resistance R1's one end is connected with high-voltage circuit's the anodal one end of power and energy storage capacitor C1 respectively.
As shown in fig. 1(a), when the predetermined signal is not received by the switch, the other end of the first discharge resistor R1 is connected to the movable contact of the switch 3.
The stationary contact of the change-over switch 3 is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage circuit and the other end of the energy storage capacitor C1, respectively.
One end of the second discharge resistor R2 is connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage circuit and one end of the energy storage capacitor C1, respectively.
As shown in fig. 1(b), when the change-over switch receives a predetermined signal, the movable contact of the change-over switch 3 is connected to the other end of the second discharge resistor R2.
The stationary contact of the change-over switch 3 is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage circuit and the other end of the energy storage capacitor C1, respectively.
Specifically, as an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the predetermined signal may be a collision signal and/or an airbag pop-up signal when the vehicle collides. The collision signal when the automobile collides can be sent by a safety system of the automobile, and the air bag ejection signal can be sent by the air bag. In order to realize the technical scheme of the utility model, the safety system and/or the gasbag of car and the embodiment of the utility model provides an in the change over switch 3 connect to receive predetermined signal.
Further, as the optional embodiment of the present invention, the change-over switch 3 is a relay, and the relay has a normally open contact and a normally closed contact.
The input loop of the relay is used for receiving a predetermined signal.
When the change-over switch does not receive the predetermined signal, the normally closed contact of the relay is connected with the first passive discharge branch 1.
When the change-over switch receives a preset signal, the normally closed contact of the change-over switch 3 is disconnected with the first passive discharge branch 1, and the normally open contact of the relay is connected with the second passive discharge branch 2.
It should be noted that on the basis of the embodiment of the present invention, the mode of simply increasing components changes the embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit structure, which also belongs to the protection scope of the embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment 1 discloses a passive discharge circuit, including first passive branch road that discharges, the second is passive branch road and the change over switch of discharging in the passive discharge circuit, after predetermined signal was not received at the change over switch, change over switch's movable contact and first passive branch road that discharges are connected, realize that the car normal condition carries out the requirement of discharging to energy storage capacitor down, after predetermined signal was received at the change over switch, change over switch's movable contact and second are passive the branch road that discharges and are connected, at this moment, first passive branch road that discharges breaks off, discharge to energy storage capacitor by the second passive branch road that discharges. The discharge time of the second passive discharge branch is shorter than that of the first passive discharge branch, so that the requirement of rapid discharge of the energy storage capacitor in an automobile collision state is met. Therefore, when the automobile is collided and the active discharge circuit cannot be normally started, the second passive discharge branch circuit quickly discharges the energy storage capacitor, the safe discharge time condition is met, the requirement of safe voltage after high-voltage collision is met, and the personal safety of passengers is guaranteed.
Example 2
Next, a discharge circuit disclosed in embodiment 2 of the present invention is described with reference to fig. 3 and fig. 4, fig. 3 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a discharge circuit disclosed in embodiment 2 of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of another discharge circuit disclosed in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
The embodiment 2 discloses a discharge circuit 10 includes: the active discharge circuit 4 and the passive discharge circuit 5 mentioned in embodiment 1, the active discharge circuit 4 and the passive discharge circuit 5 are connected in parallel and connected to the high voltage circuit.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the high-voltage circuit has an energy storage capacitor C1, and the active discharge circuit 4 includes: third discharge resistor R3, IGBT switch tube 11. One end of the third discharge resistor R3 is connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage circuit, one end of the energy storage capacitor C1, and one end of the passive discharge circuit 5, respectively.
The other end of the third discharge resistor R3 is connected to the collector of the IGBT switching tube 11.
And the emitting electrodes of the IGBT switch tubes 11 are all connected with the negative electrode of the power supply of the high-voltage circuit, the other end of the energy storage capacitor C1 and the other end of the passive discharge circuit 5.
Further, as the utility model discloses optional embodiment, the resistance of the second discharge resistance R2 in the passive branch circuit 2 of the passive discharge of second in the passive discharge circuit 5 does not exceed the resistance of the third discharge resistance in the active discharge circuit 4.
Specifically, the ratio of the resistance value of the first discharge resistor R1 of the first passive discharge branch 1 in the passive discharge circuit 5 to the resistance value of the second discharge resistor R2 is between 3 and 5.
For example, when the safe voltage of the high-voltage circuit is the direct-current voltage 60V, the time from the voltage of the active discharge circuit to the safe voltage should be less than 5 seconds, the value of the resistor in the active discharge circuit should meet the requirement that the time from the voltage of the active discharge circuit to the safe voltage is less than 5 seconds, and the resistance value of the second discharge resistor R2 is 3 to 5 times of the resistance value of the discharge resistor of the active discharge circuit, so that the requirement that the voltage of the high-voltage circuit is discharged to below the safe voltage 60V by the second passive discharge branch circuit 2 within 60 seconds is met.
Another discharge circuit disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 4, and the discharge circuit further includes: and a full-bridge inverter circuit 6.
The full-bridge inverter circuit 6 is connected with the active discharge circuit 4 and the passive discharge circuit 5 in parallel and connected with the motor 7.
Specifically, motor 7 inserts initiative discharge circuit 4 and passive discharge circuit 5 through full-bridge inverter circuit 6, and the structure of full-bridge inverter circuit 6 itself is not the utility model discloses an improve the part, specifically can see prior art.
The following description deals with the operation principle of a discharge circuit when the active discharge circuit 5 can be normally started and the operation principle of a discharge circuit when the active discharge circuit 5 cannot be normally started:
in the first case: when the automobile is not collided, the first passive discharge circuit 1 discharges, the first discharge resistor R1 and the change-over switch are connected and connected into the high-voltage circuit loop, and the passive discharge under the normal state is carried out.
When the automobile collides (an automobile collision signal and/or an airbag ejection signal (an airbag hard wire signal) is sent out), the motor 7 receives a discharge demand signal sent by the whole automobile controller, a control signal is sent out to control the active discharge circuit 4 to discharge, at the moment, the active discharge circuit 4 is combined with the full-bridge inverter circuit 6 and the motor 7 to simultaneously discharge, meanwhile, the airbag hard wire signal is also sent to the change-over switch 3, the change-over switch 3 is switched to the second passive discharge branch 2 after receiving the airbag hard wire signal, the active discharge circuit 4 and the second passive discharge branch 2 discharge together, the voltage of the high-voltage circuit is discharged to be lower than the safe voltage, and compared with the mode that the single active discharge circuit 5 is adopted to discharge in the prior art, the discharge time is shorter, and the discharge efficiency is higher.
In the second case: when the automobile is not collided, the first passive discharge circuit 1 discharges, the first discharge resistor R1 and the change-over switch are connected and connected into the high-voltage circuit loop, and the passive discharge under the normal state is carried out.
When an automobile collides (an automobile collision signal and/or an air bag ejection signal (an air bag hard wire signal) is sent out), the motor 7 and/or the whole automobile controller fails, or the active discharge circuit 5 fails, the active discharge circuit 5 cannot be controlled to normally start, and active discharge cannot be performed through the active discharge circuit 5. at this time, the change-over switch 3 receives the air bag hard wire signal and then is switched to the second passive discharge branch 2, the second passive discharge branch 2 performs passive discharge, and the voltage of the high-voltage circuit is discharged below the safe voltage within a preset time.
The embodiment 2 of the utility model discloses a passive discharge circuit has following beneficial effect:
the passive discharge circuit comprises a first passive discharge branch, a second passive discharge branch and a change-over switch, after the change-over switch does not receive a preset signal, a movable contact of the change-over switch is connected with the first passive discharge branch, the requirement of discharging the energy storage capacitor under the normal state of the automobile is met, after the change-over switch receives the preset signal, the movable contact of the change-over switch is connected with the second passive discharge branch, at the moment, the first passive discharge branch is disconnected, and the energy storage capacitor is discharged by the second passive discharge branch. The discharge time of the second passive discharge branch is shorter than that of the first passive discharge branch, so that the requirement of rapid discharge of the energy storage capacitor in an automobile collision state is met. Therefore, when the automobile is collided and the active discharge circuit cannot be normally started, the second passive discharge branch circuit quickly discharges the energy storage capacitor, the safe discharge time condition is met, the requirement of safe voltage after high-voltage collision is met, and the personal safety of passengers is guaranteed.
Adopt full-bridge inverter's structure, can be applicable to powerful inverter circuit, when the power on high-voltage circuit is too big, the embodiment of the utility model provides a full-bridge inverter circuit can adapt to powerful high-voltage circuit, the good reliability.
When the active discharge circuit can be started normally, the active discharge circuit is matched with the second passive discharge branch circuit, the discharge speed of the energy storage capacitor is further accelerated, the time for reducing the high voltage to the safe voltage is shortened, the reliability of preventing high voltage leakage is improved, and the personal safety of passengers is ensured.
Example 3
The following description is made in conjunction with fig. 5 for an electric vehicle disclosed in embodiment 3 of the present invention, and fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle disclosed in embodiment 3 of the present invention, including: the vehicle control unit 8, the air bag device 9, the motor 7, the discharge circuit 10 and a motor controller (not shown), wherein the air bag device 9 is respectively linked with the passive discharge circuit 5 in the discharge circuit 10 in the vehicle control unit 8 and the motor controller, and is used for controlling the passive discharge circuit 5 and sending a predetermined signal to the vehicle control unit 8.
The vehicle control unit 8 is connected with the motor 7 and is used for controlling the active discharge circuit 4 to discharge through controlling the motor 7 after receiving a preset signal.
Specifically, the vehicle control unit 8 and the motor 7 may communicate with each other through a Controller Area Network (CAN).
The airbag device 9 includes: the air bag controller is used for monitoring whether the air bag is ejected or not, and sending a preset signal (an air bag hard wire signal and/or an automobile collision signal) to the vehicle control unit after the air bag is monitored to be ejected.
The following explains the working principle of the electric vehicle disclosed in embodiment 3 of the present invention:
in the first case: when the electric automobile does not collide, the first passive discharge circuit 1 discharges, the first discharge resistor R1 and the change-over switch are connected and connected into the high-voltage circuit loop, and the passive discharge in the normal state is performed.
When the electric automobile collides, the airbag device 8 sends an automobile collision signal and/or an airbag ejection signal (airbag hard wire signal) to the vehicle control unit 8, the vehicle control unit 8 sends a discharge demand signal, the motor 7 receives the discharge demand signal sent by the vehicle control unit 8 and sends a control signal to control the active discharge circuit 4 to discharge, meanwhile, the airbag hard wire signal is also sent to the change-over switch 3, the change-over switch 3 receives the airbag hard wire signal and then switches to the second passive discharge branch 2, the active discharge circuit 4 and the second passive discharge branch 2 discharge together, and the voltage of the high-voltage circuit is discharged to a level below the safe voltage.
In the second case: when the automobile is not collided, the first passive discharge circuit 1 discharges, the first discharge resistor R1 and the change-over switch are connected and connected into the high-voltage circuit loop, and the passive discharge under the normal state is carried out.
When the electric automobile collides, the airbag device 8 sends an automobile collision signal and/or an airbag ejection signal (airbag hard line signal), and if the motor 7 and/or the vehicle control unit 8 fails, the active discharge circuit 4 cannot be controlled to start normally, and active discharge cannot be performed through the active discharge circuit 4. At this time, the change-over switch 3 switches to the second passive discharge branch 2 after receiving the airbag hard wire signal, the second passive discharge branch 2 performs passive discharge, and the voltage of the high-voltage circuit is discharged to be lower than the safe voltage within a preset time.
The embodiment 3 of the utility model discloses an electric automobile has following beneficial effect:
the passive discharge circuit comprises a first passive discharge branch, a second passive discharge branch and a change-over switch, after the change-over switch does not receive a preset signal, a movable contact of the change-over switch is connected with the first passive discharge branch, the requirement of discharging the energy storage capacitor under the normal state of the automobile is met, after the change-over switch receives the preset signal, the movable contact of the change-over switch is connected with the second passive discharge branch, at the moment, the first passive discharge branch is disconnected, and the energy storage capacitor is discharged by the second passive discharge branch. The discharge time of the second passive discharge branch is shorter than that of the first passive discharge branch, so that the requirement of rapid discharge of the energy storage capacitor in an automobile collision state is met. Therefore, when the automobile collides and the active discharge circuit cannot be started, the second passive discharge branch circuit quickly discharges the energy storage capacitor, the safe discharge time condition is met, the requirement of safe voltage after high-voltage collision is met, and the personal safety of passengers is ensured.
In addition, when the vehicle control unit and the motor controller can control the active discharge circuit to be started normally, the active discharge circuit is matched with the second passive discharge branch circuit, the discharge speed of the energy storage capacitor is further accelerated, the time for reducing the high voltage to the safe voltage is shortened, and the personal safety of passengers is ensured.
Example 4
The following describes a motor controller disclosed in embodiment 4 of the present invention, and the motor controller includes the discharge circuit 10 mentioned in the above embodiments.
It should be noted that, the remaining parts of the motor controller disclosed in embodiment 4 of the present invention are not improved, and specifically refer to the prior art, and the discharge circuit 10 may refer to the description of the above embodiments, which is not described herein again.
The embodiment 4 discloses a machine controller, including first passive branch road that discharges, the second discharges branch road and change over switch passively in the passive discharge circuit, change over switch does not receive the predetermined signal after, change over switch's movable contact and first passive branch road that discharges are connected, realize that the car normal condition carries out the requirement of discharging to energy storage electric capacity down, after change over switch received the predetermined signal, change over switch's movable contact and second discharge the branch road passively and be connected, at this moment, first passive branch road that discharges disconnection, discharge energy storage electric capacity by the second passive branch road that discharges. The discharge time of the second passive discharge branch is shorter than that of the first passive discharge branch, so that the requirement of rapid discharge of the energy storage capacitor in an automobile collision state is met. Therefore, when the automobile collides and the active discharge circuit cannot be started, the second passive discharge branch circuit quickly discharges the energy storage capacitor, the safe discharge time condition is met, the requirement of safe voltage after high-voltage collision is met, and the personal safety of passengers is ensured.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A passive discharge circuit, comprising: the first passive discharge branch circuit, the second passive discharge branch circuit and the change-over switch;
the first passive discharge branch and the second passive discharge branch are connected in parallel and are connected into the high-voltage circuit, and the first passive discharge branch and the second passive discharge branch are used for passively discharging the high-voltage circuit;
the movable contact of the change-over switch is connected with the first passive discharge branch circuit, and is switched to be connected in series with the second passive discharge branch circuit after receiving a preset signal;
the discharge time of the second passive discharge branch is less than that of the first passive discharge branch, and a safe discharge time condition is met.
2. The passive discharge circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first passive discharge branch has a first discharge resistor, and the second passive discharge branch has a second discharge resistor, and a resistance value of the second discharge resistor is smaller than a resistance value of the first discharge resistor.
3. The passive discharge circuit of claim 2 wherein the high voltage circuit has a storage capacitor;
one end of the first discharge resistor is respectively connected with the positive electrode of the power supply of the high-voltage circuit and one end of the energy storage capacitor;
when the change-over switch does not receive the preset signal, the other end of the first discharge resistor is connected with a movable contact of the change-over switch in series;
the static contact of the change-over switch is respectively connected with the negative electrode of the high-voltage circuit and the other end of the energy storage capacitor;
one end of the second discharge resistor is respectively connected with the positive electrode of the power supply of the high-voltage circuit and one end of the energy storage capacitor;
when the change-over switch receives the preset signal, the movable contact of the change-over switch is connected with the other end of the second discharge resistor in series;
and a static contact of the change-over switch is respectively connected with the negative electrode of the high-voltage circuit and the other end of the energy storage capacitor.
4. The passive discharge circuit of claim 1, wherein the diverter switch is a relay having normally open contacts and normally closed contacts;
the input loop of the relay is used for receiving the predetermined signal,
when the change-over switch does not receive the preset signal, the normally closed contact of the relay is connected in series with the first passive discharge branch circuit;
when the change-over switch receives the preset signal, the normally closed contact of the change-over switch is disconnected with the first passive discharge branch circuit, and the normally open contact of the relay is connected with the second passive discharge branch circuit.
5. Passive discharge circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the predetermined signal is in particular a car crash signal and/or an airbag ejection signal.
6. A discharge circuit of an electric vehicle, comprising an active discharge circuit and a passive discharge circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the active discharge circuit being connected in parallel with the passive discharge circuit and being connected to a high-voltage circuit.
7. The discharging circuit of claim 6, wherein the second discharging resistor in the second passive discharging branch of the passive discharging circuit has a resistance value not exceeding the resistance value of the third discharging resistor in the active discharging circuit.
8. The discharging circuit of claim 7, wherein a ratio of a resistance value of the first discharging resistor branch to a resistance value of the second discharging resistor of the passive discharging circuit is between 3 and 5.
9. The discharge circuit of an electric vehicle according to claim 8, further comprising: a full-bridge inverter circuit;
the active discharge circuit includes: the high-voltage circuit is provided with an energy storage capacitor;
one end of the third discharge resistor is respectively connected with the positive electrode of the power supply of the high-voltage circuit, one end of the energy storage capacitor and one end of the passive discharge circuit;
the other end of the third discharging resistor is connected with a collector of the IGBT switching tube;
the emitting electrodes of the IGBT switching tubes are connected with the negative electrode of the power supply of the high-voltage circuit, the other end of the energy storage capacitor and the other end of the passive discharge circuit;
the full-bridge inverter circuit is connected with the active discharge circuit and the passive discharge circuit in parallel and connected with the motor.
10. A motor controller, comprising: a discharge circuit according to any of claims 6 to 9.
11. An electric vehicle comprising: vehicle control unit and gasbag device, its characterized in that still includes: a motor controller according to claim 10;
the air bag device is respectively connected with the passive discharge circuit in the discharge circuits in the vehicle control unit and the motor controller and is used for controlling the discharge of the passive discharge circuit and sending a preset signal to the vehicle control unit;
and the vehicle control unit is connected with the motor controller and used for controlling the motor controller to control the active discharge circuit to discharge after receiving the preset signal.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921693908.XU CN210970699U (en) | 2019-10-11 | 2019-10-11 | Passive discharge circuit, motor controller and electric automobile |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921693908.XU CN210970699U (en) | 2019-10-11 | 2019-10-11 | Passive discharge circuit, motor controller and electric automobile |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112060922A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2020-12-11 | 苏州汇川联合动力系统有限公司 | Discharging support circuit of driving motor controller, control method and motor controller |
| CN112590565A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-02 | 广州橙行智动汽车科技有限公司 | Control method and device and vehicle |
| CN115833285A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2023-03-21 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Bleeder circuit, battery management system, battery, protection method and power utilization device |
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2019
- 2019-10-11 CN CN201921693908.XU patent/CN210970699U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112060922A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2020-12-11 | 苏州汇川联合动力系统有限公司 | Discharging support circuit of driving motor controller, control method and motor controller |
| CN112060922B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2022-03-01 | 苏州汇川联合动力系统有限公司 | Discharging support circuit of driving motor controller, control method and motor controller |
| CN112590565A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-02 | 广州橙行智动汽车科技有限公司 | Control method and device and vehicle |
| CN115833285A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2023-03-21 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Bleeder circuit, battery management system, battery, protection method and power utilization device |
| CN115833285B (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2023-12-08 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Bleeder circuit, battery management system, battery, protection method and electricity utilization device |
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