CN210953669U - Direct shear apparatus of controllable closely knit degree - Google Patents
Direct shear apparatus of controllable closely knit degree Download PDFInfo
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- CN210953669U CN210953669U CN201920847845.2U CN201920847845U CN210953669U CN 210953669 U CN210953669 U CN 210953669U CN 201920847845 U CN201920847845 U CN 201920847845U CN 210953669 U CN210953669 U CN 210953669U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a direct shear apparatus with controllable compactness, which is used for determining the shear strength index of soil under different compactness, and belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering; the utility model comprises four parts of a vibration table, a horizontal loading system, a vertical loading system and a shearing box, wherein the horizontal loading system comprises a horizontal servo electric cylinder, a horizontal displacement sensor, a horizontal load sensor and a vertical fixed pulley; the vertical loading system comprises a vertical servo electric cylinder, a vertical displacement sensor, a vertical load sensor and a long rod pressurizing cover; the shearing box is divided into an upper shearing box, a lower shearing box and a shearing box top cover; a vibrating table is arranged below a shearing box of the direct shear apparatus, and a horizontal ball guide rail is arranged between the lower shearing box and the table surface of the vibrating table; and (3) obtaining a soil sample with required compactness and uniform compactness by the combined action of the vibrating table and the vertical loading system.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a direct shear apparatus, in particular to direct shear apparatus of controllable closely knit degree.
Background
1. With the development of geotechnical engineering, the direct shear apparatus plays an increasingly important role in geotechnical engineering experiments and plays an important role in the research field of geotechnical engineering experiments. The direct shear test aims to measure the shear strength of the soil under different pressures and obtain the shear strength index of the soil. However, the compactness state of soil is difficult to control in the test process, so that a direct shear test device with controllable compactness needs to be developed.
2. At present, two methods for controlling compactness exist, the first method is a hammering method, namely, a soil sample is hammered before a test, and the method has the defect that the compactness of hammered soil is difficult to be uniform and the actual requirement cannot be simulated; the second method is that before the test, a soil sample with required compactness is obtained on a vibration table through vibration, and then the soil sample is transferred into a shear box, but in the process, a heavy object is used for applying load on the upper part, the load is unstable and uncontrollable in the vibration process, and the compactness of the soil sample is inevitably changed in the transfer process.
3. Therefore, the research of the direct shear test equipment with controllable compactness becomes a problem to be solved at the present stage.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model overcomes the problem of current staight scissors appearance closely knit degree of hard to control soil sample provides a staight scissors appearance of controllable closely knit degree. The direct shear apparatus can control the compactness of the soil sample and make the compactness of the soil sample more uniform
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal to solve:
a direct shear apparatus with controllable compactness comprises a vibration table, a horizontal loading system, a vertical loading system and a shear box. The method is characterized in that: the horizontal loading system comprises a horizontal servo electric cylinder, a horizontal displacement sensor, a horizontal load sensor and a vertical fixed pulley; the vertical loading system comprises a vertical support, a vertical servo electric cylinder, a vertical displacement sensor, a vertical load sensor and a long rod pressurizing cover; the shearing box is divided into an upper shearing box, a lower shearing box and a shearing box top cover; a horizontal ball guide rail is arranged between the lower shearing box and the table surface of the vibration table.
The direct shear test is divided into two stages, namely a soil sample preparation stage and a test stage. The soil sample preparation stage comprises: a stage of obtaining a soil sample with compactness required by the test through the combined action of the vibrating table and the vertical servo electric cylinder; the test stage is a direct shear test stage.
The shearing boxes and the vibrating table are fixedly connected through the upper shearing box fixing bolts and the lower shearing box fixing bolts when the soil sample is prepared; the lower shearing box is fixedly connected with the table top of the vibration table through a lower shearing box fixing bolt; the fixing bolt of the table top of the vibration table is not connected. When the test is started, the upper shearing box fixing bolt and the lower shearing box fixing bolt are disassembled, and the upper shearing box fixing bolt and the lower shearing box fixing bolt are connected with the vibrating table top fixing bolt.
The long rod pressurizing cover rod is equal to the vertical load sensor in length, the pressurizing cover is the same as the shearing box top cover in size, and the vertical load sensor and the shearing box top cover are replaced during testing.
The upper end of the vertical load sensor is connected with the vertical servo electric cylinder through a connector, and the lower part of the vertical load sensor is in contact with the top cover of the shearing box.
The vertical servo electric cylinder for preparing the soil pattern by the vertical loading system is controlled by displacement. Installing a vertical displacement sensor, installing a long rod pressurizing cover, setting the displacement to be loaded by a servo electric cylinder when preparing a soil sample, and uniformly and slowly loading the displacement to a target value; and according to the displacement data of the vertical displacement sensor, when the vertical displacement reaches a target value, the vertical servo electric cylinder stops loading. The vertical displacement sensor is fixed on the vertical support through the cross rod, and the end part of the pointer is in contact with a horizontal iron sheet of the connector and is used for measuring vertical displacement.
The influence on the characteristics of the soil is not large within the range that the vibration frequency of the vibration table is less than 5 Hz. The vibration frequency of the vibration table is too slow to achieve the effect of enabling the compactness of the soil sample to be uniform, and the mechanical property of the soil sample is damaged if the frequency is too fast. Therefore, the vibration frequency of the vibration table is preferably 1 Hz. Through shaking table and the electronic jar combined action of vertical servo, make the soil sample reach experimental required closely knit degree, make the closely knit degree of soil sample more even simultaneously.
After the vibration of the vibration table is finished, restoring the vertical displacement generated when the vertical servo electric cylinder prepares a soil sample, and disassembling the long rod pressurizing cover; and installing a top cover of the shearing box and a vertical load sensor. The upper and lower shearing box fixing bolts and the lower shearing box fixing bolt are disassembled, the table top of the vibration table and the bottom of the groove of the working table are fixedly connected by the table top fixing bolt of the vibration table, and the table top of the vibration table and the table top of the working table are kept flush when the vibration table is fixed.
The horizontal loading system applies horizontal force through a horizontal servo electric cylinder to push the lower shearing box to carry out a shearing test along the horizontal ball guide rail; the horizontal displacement sensor is fixed on the left side of the table top of the workbench to keep the workbench horizontal, and the pointer end of the horizontal displacement sensor is contacted with the lower shearing box and used for measuring horizontal displacement; shear stress was measured by a horizontal load cell.
During the experiment, the horizontal servo electric cylinder is controlled by stress: the vertical load sensor and the vertical displacement sensor are connected with the data acquisition unit, and the vertical servo electric cylinder is connected with the controller. The data obtained by the collector automatically controls the vertical servo electric cylinder to apply stable vertical force through the controller.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are that general direct shear test often is difficult to control the closely knit degree of soil sample, and this scheme passes through the combined action of shaking table and vertical servo electronic jar, can obtain the soil sample of the required closely knit degree of shear test.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present direct shear apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the direct shear apparatus
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a long rod pressing cover
In the figure, 1-1 workbench, 1-2 vibrating table top fixing bolts, 1-3 vibrating table top, 1-4 vibrating table, 1-5 vibrating springs, 1-6 horizontal ball guide rails, 1-7 lower shearing box fixing bolts, 2-1 horizontal servo electric cylinder, 2-2 lower shearing box, 2-3 upper shearing box, 2-4 shearing box fixing bolts, 2-5 vertical fixing pulleys, 2-6 horizontal load sensor, 2-7 horizontal displacement meter, 3-1 vertical servo electric cylinder, 3-2 connector, 3-3 vertical load sensor, 3-4 vertical displacement sensor, 3-5 shearing box top cover, 3-6 long rod pressurizing cover, 3-7 vertical support and 3-8 horizontal iron sheet.
Detailed Description
In FIG. 1, a horizontal servo electric cylinder 2-1 is fixed on the right side of a workbench 1-1 and is connected with a lower shearing box 2-2 through a connecting rod; a horizontal load sensor 2-6 and a horizontal displacement sensor 2-7 are arranged on the left side of the workbench, and a vertical fixed pulley 2-5 is arranged between the horizontal load sensor 2-6 and a dowel bar of the upper shearing box 2-3; the vertical servo electric cylinder 3-1 is fixed at the center of the support by the vertical support 3-7; a connector 3-2 is arranged below the vertical servo electric cylinder 3-1, a horizontal iron sheet 3-8 is arranged on the connector, a long rod pressurizing cover 3-6 is connected below the connector 3-2 when a soil sample is prepared, and the long rod pressurizing cover 3-6 is replaced by a vertical load sensor 3-3 and a shearing box top cover 3-5 during a test; the shearing box is positioned on the table top of the vibrating table and is divided into an upper shearing box 2-3 and a lower shearing box 2-2, and a shearing box fixing bolt 2-4 is arranged between the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box; a lower shearing box fixing bolt 1-7 is arranged between the table top of the vibration table and the lower shearing box, and a horizontal ball guide rail 1-6 is arranged between the lower shearing box and the table top of the vibration table. The vibration table 1-4 is positioned in the groove of the working table 1-1, and the table surface of the vibration table and the bottom surface of the groove of the working table are provided with vibration table surface fixing bolts 1-2.
The direct shear test is divided into two stages, namely a soil sample preparation stage and a test stage. The soil sample preparation stage comprises: a stage of obtaining a soil sample with compactness required by a test through the combined action of the vibrating table 1-4 and the vertical servo electric cylinder 3-1; the test stage is a direct shear test stage.
Furthermore, the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box are fixedly connected through the upper shearing box fixing bolt 2-4 during the preparation of the soil sample; the lower shearing box 2-2 is fixedly connected with the vibration table top 1-3 through a lower shearing box fixing bolt 1-7; the fixing bolt 1-2 on the table top of the vibration table is not connected.
Further, when preparing a soil sample, the vertical servo electric cylinder 3-1 is controlled by displacement: and calculating the volume of a soil sample with the required compactness, mounting a vertical displacement sensor 3-4, controlling the vertical servo electric cylinder 3-1 to be uniformly loaded by a controller according to displacement data acquired by the vertical displacement sensor 3-4, and compressing the volume of the soil sample to a target value. When the vertical displacement reaches a target value, the vertical servo electric cylinder 3-1 stops applying. The vertical displacement sensor 3-4 is fixed on the vertical support through a cross rod, and the end part of the pointer is in contact with a horizontal iron sheet 3-8 of the connector 3-2 and is used for measuring vertical displacement; the vibration frequency of the vibration table 1-4 is set to be 1Hz, and the soil sample can reach the compactness required by the test through the combined action of the vibration table 1-4 and the vertical servo electric cylinder 3-1, and the compactness of the soil sample is more uniform.
Further, after the vibration is finished, the vertical displacement generated when the vertical servo electric cylinder 3-1 prepares the soil sample is restored, and the long rod pressurizing cover 3-6 is disassembled; installing a top cover 3-5 of the shear box and a vertical load sensor 3-3; disassembling 1-7 of the lower shear box fixing bolt: disassembling the upper and lower shear box fixing bolts 2-4; the table surface of the vibration table is connected and fixed with the bottom of the groove of the working table by the table surface fixing bolt 1-2 of the vibration table, and the table surface of the vibration table is kept flush with the table surface of the working table during fixing.
Further, horizontal displacement sensors 2-7 are installed. The horizontal displacement sensor 2-7 is fixed on the left side of the table top of the workbench to keep the workbench horizontal, and the pointer end of the horizontal displacement sensor is contacted with the lower shearing box 2-2 to measure horizontal displacement; the shear stress is measured by the horizontal load cell 2-6.
Further, during the test, the horizontal servo electric cylinder 3-1 is controlled by stress: the vertical load sensor 3-3 and the vertical displacement sensor 3-4 are connected with a data acquisition unit, and the vertical servo electric cylinder 3-1 is connected with a controller. The data obtained by the collector automatically controls the vertical servo electric cylinder 3-1 to apply stable vertical force through the controller.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a controllable compactness's direct shear apparatus, includes shaking table (1-4), horizontal loading system, vertical loading system and cuts four parts of box, its characterized in that: the horizontal loading system comprises a horizontal servo electric cylinder (2-1), a horizontal displacement sensor (2-7), a horizontal load sensor (2-6) and a vertical fixed pulley (2-5); the vertical loading system comprises a vertical servo electric cylinder (3-1), a vertical displacement sensor (3-4), a vertical load sensor (3-3) and a long rod pressurizing cover (3-6); the shearing box is divided into an upper shearing box (2-3), a lower shearing box (2-2) and a shearing box top cover (3-5); a horizontal ball guide rail (1-6) is arranged between the lower shearing box (2-2) and the vibration table top (1-3).
2. A controlled solidity direct shear apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: when a soil sample is prepared, a soil sample with certain mass is put in, and the vertical servo electric cylinder (3-1) is connected with the long rod pressurizing cover (3-6) through the connector (3-2); when the test is started, the long rod pressurizing cover (3-6) is disassembled and replaced by a shearing box top cover (3-5) and a vertical load sensor (3-3).
3. A controlled solidity direct shear apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper shearing box (2-3) and the lower shearing box (2-2) are fixedly connected through an upper shearing box fixing bolt (2-4) when the soil sample is prepared, and the lower shearing box (2-2) and the vibration table top (1-3) are fixedly connected through a lower shearing box fixing bolt (1-7); when the test is started, the upper shearing box fixing bolts (2-4) and the lower shearing box fixing bolts (1-7) are disassembled, and the vibrating table top fixing bolts (1-2) are connected.
4. A controlled solidity direct shear apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) calculating the volume of the soil sample with the compactness required by the test, and compressing the volume of the soil sample to a target value by the controller controlling the vertical servo electric cylinder (3-1) through displacement data acquired by the vertical displacement sensor (3-4).
5. A controlled solidity direct shear apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vibration frequency of the vibration table (1-4) is preferably 1Hz, and the soil sample can reach the compactness required by the test through the combined action of the vibration table (1-4) and the vertical servo electric cylinder (3-1), and the compactness is more uniform.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920847845.2U CN210953669U (en) | 2019-06-06 | 2019-06-06 | Direct shear apparatus of controllable closely knit degree |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920847845.2U CN210953669U (en) | 2019-06-06 | 2019-06-06 | Direct shear apparatus of controllable closely knit degree |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN210953669U true CN210953669U (en) | 2020-07-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201920847845.2U Expired - Fee Related CN210953669U (en) | 2019-06-06 | 2019-06-06 | Direct shear apparatus of controllable closely knit degree |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111948031A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-11-17 | 吉林大学 | Soil body direct shear test device considering water heating power salt coupling effect |
| CN114527164A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-05-24 | 江苏科技大学 | Resistivity testing device and method of anisotropic soil sample based on direct shear test |
-
2019
- 2019-06-06 CN CN201920847845.2U patent/CN210953669U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111948031A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-11-17 | 吉林大学 | Soil body direct shear test device considering water heating power salt coupling effect |
| CN114527164A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-05-24 | 江苏科技大学 | Resistivity testing device and method of anisotropic soil sample based on direct shear test |
| CN114527164B (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2024-02-27 | 江苏科技大学 | Device and method for testing resistivity of anisotropic soil sample based on direct shear test |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20200707 Termination date: 20210606 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |