CN2109452U

CN2109452U - Two-direction work doing reciprocation internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: CN2109452U
Application number: CN92200129U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 佘天白
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1992-01-10
Filing date: 1992-01-10
Publication date: 1992-07-08

Abstract

The utility model relates to a two-direction work doing reciprocation internal combustion engine. A piston body is arranged in a cylinder body. Two symmetrical rack bars are arranged on the piston body, and two groups of gears which are symmetrically provided and provided with clutch ratchet wheels are meshed with the rack bars. The gears are fixedly sheathed with two symmetrical gear shafts. The gears on one side of the gear shaft are meshed with output gears, and the gears on the other side of the gear shaft are meshed with the gears of camshafts. After starting gears which are movably sheathed with spline shafts are pushed onto the positions on which the starting gears are meshed with the gears on the camshafts and a motor is started, the gears with the ratchet wheels are driven by a gear transmission system to rotate, and the piston body to and fro compresses the gas in a cylinder. After the gas in the cylinder is detonated, the gear transmission system is oppositely to and fro pushed to rotate to output power, and each cam on the camshafts is driven to control the opening and the closing of each air gate and a spark plug.

Description

Two-direction work doing reciprocation internal combustion engine

The utility model relates to a kind of internal-combustion engine, particularly a kind of reciprocating internal combustion engine by gear, tooth bar transferring power and two-way work done.

Internal-combustion engine is to use comparatively general a kind of motor in the current power car, its main frame is made up of piston, connecting rod, its working principle is carried out work cycle by air inlet, compression, work done, four processes of exhaust, it changes the combustion heat energy of fuel into mechanical energy, and make crankshaft rotating and work done by linkage mechanism, thereby it exists following shortcoming and defect.

Because the active force of crankshaft rotating is carrying out and constantly change with compression stroke, thereby the rotation of bent axle is an average rate not, on four stroke engine, in its two weeks of crankshaft rotating, has only half cycle in stressed work done, and partly not only there is not stressed work done all the other weeks, but also will be subjected to the influence of the resistance that the piston rod group produced, thereby its drag losses is big, starting torque requires bigger, and efficient is lower.Because the rotational speed of bent axle is inhomogeneous variation, therefore, caused the cyclically-varying of inertial force, make crank-connecting rod and bearing be subjected to the effect of periodic additional load, make each part stress state deteriorating, and cause vibration and impact, even cause bent axle reversed and fatigue break by back and forth pulsation.Generation for fear of above-mentioned accident, then must on connecting rod, add balancer weight, to alleviate the influence that rotator inertia impacts, but what bring therefrom is the rising of the complicated and cost of the increase of machine weight and structure, and, this damping method that adds counterbalance has consumed a part of useful work in vain, and the power of output is reduced.

Because the commutation that piston goes round and begins again and the influence of the variable speed inertia impact force in the running, make the bigger mechanical shock of generation between each part, this rigid mechanical shock, concerning each constraint part is very disadvantageous, not only be easy to generate the sudden accident that fractures, and greatly reduced working life.

Because acting on the size and Orientation of power on rod journal and the main journal changes, particularly piston and cylinder are owing to be subjected to the influence of the circumferential movement of bent axle rotation, the left and right sides wear extent of its motion that contacts is big, the epimere wear extent is bigger, thereby, caused the nonuniformity wearing and tearing of cylinder, make air-proof condition be damaged, make gas leakage, fuel consumption to increase and power decline, the stationarity of motion is damaged, has caused the increase of vibration and noise.

The bent axle difficulty of processing is big, the cost height.

In addition, the useful work of curved shaft type internal-combustion engine is to obtain by transforming after the decomposition of the actuating pressure that acts on piston top, therefore, and its energy consumption height, and efficient is lower.

Another shortcoming of existing curved shaft type internal-combustion engine is: when taking place to glue cylinder, can make seizure of piston, the bent axle stall, control system is malfunctioning, thus cause driving wheel drag cunning suddenly, cause the driver to keep very difficulty of direction, when very fast, can cause serious traffic accident as sleet sky or the speed of a motor vehicle.

The compression ratio of existing curved shaft type internal-combustion engine is nonadjustable, and therefore, to different fuel oils, the adaptability of different operating modes is relatively poor.

The purpose of this utility model just is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming and defect of existing in prior technology, and provide a kind of adopt gear, tooth bar carry out the power-converting work done, simple in structure, efficient is high, and compression ratio is adjustable, the two-way work done reciprocating internal combustion engine that vibratory impulse is little.

The purpose of this utility model is to be realized by following technological scheme: a piston body is arranged in cylinder body, the tooth bar that two symmetries are arranged on the piston body, what nibble mutually with tooth bar is two groups of symmetrically arranged gears that have the clutch ratchet, this gear and two symmetrical gear shafts overlap admittedly, side gear on the gear shaft is meshed with output gear, the opposite side gear is meshed with the gear of camshaft, dial in camshaft when the handle and the starter receiver of splined shaft kink and to cog behind engaging position and the starting electrical machinery, then gear train assembly on the one hand the gear of drive rotating belt ratchet rotate and make piston body back and forth compress gas in the jar, reverse reciprocal push-jump gear train output power and drive the keying that each cam on the camshaft is controlled each porthole and spark plug then after cylinder internal combustion vapour is ignited.

Therefore effect of the present utility model is significant:

Because piston body travel speed in cylinder body is from fast to slow to stopping, be compressed gas to the reaction force of piston back and forth promotion advance, its stroke is exactly a work cycle, therefore, it has the following advantages:

Mechanical vibration are little, efficient is high, simple in structure, firing effect good, long service life, compression ratio can be adjusted, start easily, adaptability is good.

Concrete structure of the present utility model is realized by following embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof:

Fig. 1 is a section of structure of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is the control principle figure that Fig. 2 cam is controlled each valve opening.

Fig. 5 is that the control in the utility model starts schematic diagram.

Be described in detail below in conjunction with 1～5 pair of concrete structure of the present utility model of accompanying drawing.Referring to Fig. 1～Fig. 3

The utility model has the start-up control system, ignition system, it is characterized in that: the piston body 3 that the stage casing has two Symmetrical racks 4 is put in activity in cylinder body 2 inner chambers, what be meshed with two tooth bars 4 is the gear 11 that respectively has clutch ratchet 5, gear 11 by 10 of two gear shafts be placed on the tooth bar 4 corresponding cylinder body slot 2a that offer in, the gear 9 of the band ratchet of two gear shafts, 10 1 ends is meshed with flywheel gear 8, flywheel gear 8 and output shaft 7 solid covers, the small gear 13 of the band ratchet of the opposite side on two gear shafts 10 is meshed with gear 12 on the camshaft 14 separately, be arranged at intervals with three control cams 15 that circumferential protruding top is staggeredly located out on two

camshafts

14,16 and 17, starting electrical machinery 21 links to each other with splined shaft 20, be movably installed with starter receiver 18 on the splined shaft 20, starter receiver 18 is stirred by driving lever 19, cylinder body 2 both sides are provided with two groups of buffering stop block 2c that act on mutually with piston body 3 radial symmetric evagination spacing block set 3d, camshaft 14, gear shaft 10 and output shaft 7 all prop up by bearing and are placed in the wall body 22, have oil gas on the cylinder body 2 and feed hole 1.

Structure characteristic of the present utility model also is:

A, cylinder body 2 inner chambers are cylindrical shape, its axial two ends are connected with the cylinder cap 2d that a band oil gas feeds hole 1, each oil gas feeds the valve stem that is subjected to each cam control is housed in the hole 1, the symmetrical up and down casing wall place in cylinder body 2 axial stage casings has axial slot 2a, cylinder body 2 is connected with wall body 22, have the spacing slideway 2b of two symmetries in the stage casing vertically with the interlace cylinder wall places of 90 degree of axial slot 2a, respectively there is an outer position limit socket hole 2e who protrudes casing wall at the axial two ends of spacing slideway 2b, be provided with spacing damping device 2c in the 2e of position limit socket hole, two spacing block set 3d of cylindrical piston body 3 circumferential evaginations put and are contained in the spacing slideway 2b, cylindrical piston body 3 stage casings have four semicircular location raceways 23, and each is located on the corresponding cylinder body 2 of raceway end spacing roating sphere 24 is housed; Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3

Be provided with tooth bar 4 in b, the cylindrical piston body 3 stage casing symmetrical grooves 3c, two sections beyond the groove section is cylindrical section 3a, and cylindrical section 3a circumferentially is equipped with Sealing 3b; Referring to Fig. 1

C, two camshafts, 14 upper edge axially spaced-aparts are provided with the cam 17 of bleeding, exhaust valve cam 16 and inlet valve cam 15, and each cam is along circumferentially staggering several angle and contact mutually with the push rod 15a to 17a of separately porthole control mechanism respectively or throw off.Referring to Fig. 4

Structure characteristic of the present utility model also is:

A, cylinder body 2 profiles are rectangle or cylindrical, and the limit stoper 2c in the position limit socket hole 2e of cylinder body 2 evaginations is made of spring and damping member; Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3

B, columniform piston body 3 two ends are evagination sphere or indent spherical shape.Referring to Fig. 1

Structural feature of the present utility model also is embodied in following several aspect:

For avoid piston body 3 when cylinder body 2 inner chambers move axially along circumferential deflection or play radially, in order to prevent the unbalanced of circumferential pressure, have four semicircle location raceways 23 at piston body 3 intermediate sections, the shrinkage pool of spacing roating sphere is housed in offering on the raceway 23 pairing cylinder body positions, location, referring to Fig. 2, provide protection against wear inhomogeneously like this, can improve sealing effect and firing effect.

Owing to the output of power is that the initial compression motion that relies on starting electrical machinery to produce makes fuel oils in the cylinder body 2 ignite and produce pressure to promote piston body 3 conversely, therefore, what it produced is soft impulse, this soft impulse is transformed into circumferential rotation output by two groups of symmetrically arranged rack and-pinion mechanisms with straight line motion, therefore, its gas pressure acts directly on the piston body 3 and is converted into output power, do not resemble the crank-type internal-combustion engine piston and just convert the external output power of circular movement to after straight line motion after stressed decomposes, add the utility model and both do not had balancer weight and vibration reduction fly wheel, there is not bigger starting resistance square effect again, thereby its power loss is little, start easily, inertia mechanical shock is little, and vibrating noise is little.

By adjusting taking out between spacing damping device 2c and the spacing block set 3d to distance, then can adjust the stroke distances that piston body 3 moves in cylinder body 2, make compression ratio adjusted, improved its adaptability to operating mode.

Because each cylinder body of the present utility model is the output unit of independently working, if its oil circuit is cut off, the ratchet gear that is meshed with the piston body upper rack then dallies, can not interfere with other ratchet gear of other coaxial work, therefore, can be according to load condition, select the clutch release slave cylinder number of motor, not only can reasonably solve the low load with strong power problem, and reduce unnecessary fuel consume, help the saving of energy and effectively utilization.Simultaneously, can not produce the sudden traffic accident that takes place because of the sticking cylinder of piston yet,, thereby stuck phenomenon can not take place because the

gear

9 and 11 of two groups of band ratchets is arranged between output shaft 7 and the tooth bar 4.

Because intake and exhaust of the present utility model are independent settings, the powerful extraction out of bleeding that residual gas is opened in the cylinder after the work done, therefore, its exhaust is thorough, and the air inlet abundance can realize sufficient burning, can save fuel oil.

The used time of used time of stroke and curved shaft type internal-combustion engine twice stroke equates each time to the utlity model has greater efficiency and another embodiment of power and be it, when being the operation of gas promotion piston body, both by tooth bar, gear mesh was exported torque outward, and internally carried out the work of compression stroke.And the tooth radius that is meshed with tooth bar is big more, and its torque output is just big more.

Working principle of the present utility model is: (is example with the petrol engine) is referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 5

Move driving lever 19, make it that starter receiver 18 is allocated to the position that is meshed with camshaft 14 left end gears 12 from splined shaft 20.Then by start button 25, starting electrical machinery 21, (referring to Fig. 5) rotates the small gear 13 of starter receiver 18 actuation gears 12 and band ratchet, when small gear 13 rotates, 11 of the gears of the band clutch ratchet 5 coaxial with it drive tooth bar 4, be that piston body 3 moves along cylinder body 2 inner chambers, at the same time, gear 12 also drive camshaft 14 and on each valve cam rotate, and make the push rod 15a of the in good time jack-up intake valve of inlet valve cam 15 mechanism, intake valve 1 is opened, (referring to Fig. 4) air, fuel oil is then respectively by air-strainer, Carburetor enters in the cylinder body 2 by intake valve 1, intake valve along with turning over of inlet valve cam along with being closed, when piston body 3 top compression strokes during to the precalculated position, spark plug 30a discharge on the cylinder body 2 cylinder cap 2d, internal combustion oil of cylinder is lighted, (referring to Fig. 5) lights the expansion suddenly of back gas and oppositely promotes piston body 3 negative line feeds, 4 of its upper racks drive gear 11 rotations of band clutch ratchet 5 when piston body 3 negative line feeds, and make gear 9 with 11 coaxial band ratchets turn flywheel gear 8 to rotate, at last by output shaft 7, output gear 6 output torques.Other valve control machanism is identical with 15a.

When following one group of gear train starts when rotating, the one group of gear in cylinder body 2 tops is then dallied by the effect of each ratchet thereon.When fuel oil in the cylinder body ignites 3 negative line feeds of promotion piston body, the one group of gear in top then works owing to each ratchet enters interlock, and this moment, below one group of gear then inoperative because each ratchet withdraws from interlock, so, two cover tooth bars, ratchet, gear, camshaft alternation make reciprocating internal combustion engine reach two-way work done.

Start-up control, igniting, valve switching mechanism such as Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, it is outer corollary system.Wherein, circuit breaker 29 and camshaft 14 interlocks, when (referring to Fig. 5) is the end of piston 3 compression strokes, the break contact of the circuit breaker 29 that is connected with camshaft is backed down by himself cam ring, motor 21 outages, meanwhile, when circuit breaker 29 break contacts disconnect, pass to 28 1 signals of sensor, make the spark plug 30a discharge of ignition mechanism output terminal by the ignition mechanism 30 of battery 27 power supplies.After the internal-combustion engine proper functioning, generator 26 passes through the switch 32 of pressure governor 31 to battery 27 and other load normal power supply.If be used for diesel engine, then desirable quench plug gets final product, and valve switching mechanism and igniting, control system are existing outer corollary system.

After a work done of gas is finished, 16 of exhaust valve cams can be opened exhaust valve automatically, waste gas is discharged outside the cylinder body by self pressure, after the exhaust valve closing, push away valve cam 17 door of will bleeding again and open, undischarged residual gas is extracted out, immediately, the door of bleeding is closed, and intake valve is opened once more, so constantly alternately repeats.

After startup was finished, motor then quit work, and did not become as one-shot, can be by the counter-rotating of motor, to compressing repeatedly in the cylinder, till starting.

Air inlet, exhaust, bleed the door as the case may be, can be arranged to overhead type, upside-down or hybrid by several form branches of prior art.

Claims

1, two-way work done reciprocating internal combustion engine, the start-up control system is arranged, ignition system, it is characterized in that: the piston body 3 that the stage casing has two Symmetrical racks 4 is put in activity in cylinder body 2 inner chambers, what be meshed with two tooth bars 4 is the gear 11 that respectively has clutch ratchet 5, gear 11 by 10 of two gear shafts be placed on the tooth bar 4 corresponding cylinder body slot 2a that offer in, the gear 9 of the band ratchet of two gear shafts, 10 1 ends is meshed with flywheel gear 8, flywheel gear 8 and output shaft 7 solid covers, the small gear 13 of the band ratchet of the opposite side on two gear shafts 10 is meshed with gear 12 on the camshaft 14 separately, be arranged at intervals with three control cams 15 that circumferential protruding top is staggeredly located out on two camshafts 14,16 and 17, starting electrical machinery 21 links to each other with splined shaft 20, be movably installed with starter receiver 18 on the splined shaft 20, starter receiver 18 is stirred by driving lever 19, cylinder body 2 both sides are provided with two groups of buffering stop block 2c that act on mutually with piston body 3 radial symmetric evagination spacing block set 3d, camshaft 14, gear shaft 10 and output shaft 7 all prop up by bearing and are placed in the wall body 22, have oil gas on the cylinder body 2 and feed hole 1.

2, according to the described two-way work done reciprocating internal combustion engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that:

A, cylinder body 2 inner chambers are cylindrical shape, its axial two ends are connected with the cylinder cap 2d that a band oil gas feeds hole 1, each oil gas feeds the valve stem that is subjected to each cam control is housed in the hole 1, the symmetrical up and down casing wall place in cylinder body 2 axial stage casings has axial slot 2a, cylinder body 2 is connected with wall body 22, have the spacing slideway 2b of two symmetries in the stage casing vertically with the interlace cylinder wall places of 90 degree of axial slot 2a, respectively there is an outer position limit socket hole 2e who protrudes casing wall at the axial two ends of spacing slideway 2b, be provided with spacing damping device 2c in the 2e of position limit socket hole, two spacing block set 3d of cylindrical piston body 3 circumferential evaginations put and are contained in the spacing slideway 2b, cylindrical piston body 3 stage casings have four semicircular location raceways 23, and each is located on the corresponding cylinder body 2 of raceway end spacing roating sphere 24 is housed;

Be provided with tooth bar 4 in b, the cylindrical piston body 3 stage casing symmetrical grooves 3c, two sections beyond the groove section is cylindrical section 3a, and cylindrical section 3a circumferentially is equipped with Sealing 3b;

C, two camshafts, 14 upper edge axially spaced-aparts are provided with the cam 17 of bleeding, exhaust valve cam 16 and inlet valve cam 15, and each cam is along circumferentially staggering several angle and contact mutually with the push rod 15a to 17a of separately porthole control mechanism respectively or throw off.

3, according to claim 1 or 2 described two-way work done reciprocating internal combustion engine, it is characterized in that:

A, cylinder body 2 profiles are rectangle or cylindrical, and the limit stoper 2c in the position limit socket hole 2e of cylinder body 2 evaginations is made of spring and damping member;

B, columniform piston body 3 two ends are evagination sphere or indent spherical shape.