CN210937311U - Machining tool for constant-diameter discontinuous deep holes of tractor box body - Google Patents

Abstract

A processing cutter for a discontinuous deep hole with equal diameter of a tractor box body comprises an HSK main cutter handle, a cutter handle connecting flange plate and a cutter assembly, wherein the HSK main cutter handle is connected with the cutter assembly through the cutter handle connecting flange plate, the cutter assembly comprises a cutter connecting flange body, a connecting screw, a cutter bar body, a boring cutter assembly and a deep hole drill bit, one end of the cutter connecting flange body is connected with the cutter handle connecting flange disc through the connecting screw, the other end of the cutter connecting flange body is connected with the cutter bar body, the other end of the cutter bar body is sequentially connected with the boring cutter assembly and the deep hole drill bit, a processing cutter for processing the deep holes with discontinuous travel diameters of the tractor box body is divided into three parts, the deep hole drill bit is utilized to carry out primary processing, the boring cutter assembly is then subjected to finish processing, meanwhile, the cutter bar body at the rear part is used for guiding and supporting, so that the machining precision and the machining stability are ensured under the condition that a guide sleeve is not needed in the whole machining process.

Description

Machining tool for constant-diameter discontinuous deep holes of tractor box body

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the machining cutter field relates to a deep hole processing among the machining, especially relates to a processing cutter of tractor box constant diameter discontinuous deep hole.

Background

With the rapid development of the agricultural machinery industry in recent years, the market share of large wheel tractor products is greatly improved. In order to meet the market demand, the update cycle of the wheel dragging products is faster and faster, and the types of the products are more and more diversified in order to meet the personalized demand of users. Due to the acceleration of product updating, the prior large-scale investment and mass production no longer adapts to the existing market situation, and the production modes such as universality, flexibility, small investment and large return influence the technical field of machining.

The tractor box is mainly used for speed-changing transmission, power transmission, connection of basic part shaft, sleeve gear and other parts into a whole, and keeping correct mutual positions of all parts to transmit torque or change rotating speed to realize specified movement.

The speed-changing slide bar (or shifting fork shaft) mounted in the box body is an important component in the tractor speed-changing control gear-shifting device, and it and the shifting fork head mounted on the box body and other components can be formed into a control gear-shifting mechanism together to implement the actions of shifting, speed-changing and reverse gear of tractor. The requirements of the intermittent deep hole for installing the slide rod on the stability and the reliability of the cutter in the machining process are high, the design and the manufacture difficulty of the cutter is high, and the difficulty in the deep hole machining of the box body is always the difficulty.

The sliding rod hole for installing the speed change sliding rod on the shell of the speed change box belongs to an intermittent deep hole, and the whole shaft hole is divided into a plurality of sections by the box body and the inner cavity partition plate instead of a continuous solid hole.

The shaft holes are limited by the structure of the box body and are divided into two or three blocks by the box body, the effective processing depth of the holes is not long, about 25-35 mm, but limited by the processing position, so that the processed cutter is longer, except the processed outer surface (the orifice part at the right end) of the shell, all the internal partition plates are blank surfaces which are not processed, and the orifices on the surfaces of the blanks are also provided with drawing inclination of about 5 degrees.

Because the shifting fork installed on the slide bar hole requires flexible operation and accurate control position, the position precision and form and position tolerance of the hole have higher requirements, the coaxiality between the blocking holes of the same hole system is generally required to be phi 0.03 to phi 0.05 according to tractor box bodies of different series, and the parallelism of the hole system relative to the main bearing of the box body is required to be phi 0.07 to phi 0.1.

The relative position of the slide rod hole and the bearing hole and the coaxiality of the self hole are higher, and a cutter used for machining is longer (the length of the cutter exceeds 600mm, and the length-diameter ratio reaches 25 times).

The traditional processing of the holes generally uses a special machine for processing, a tool guide device is arranged on a clamp connected with equipment, and the holes are drilled, expanded and hinged.

The machining process is generally used on a combined machine tool used in the conventional large-scale production, but because the cutter guide sleeve cannot be replaced in the machining process of the part, different machining equipment such as a drill, a reamer and a hinge is required to be respectively equipped, and the part is required to be installed and positioned on different equipment for multiple times to complete the machining of a hole system.

The processing of multiple devices and multiple processes increases the processing time and repeated positioning errors in the processing process of parts, and because the slide rod hole systems and the bearing hole systems on the box body are not positioned once and clamped once to finish processing, the design reference and the processing process reference of products are not heavy, and the caused errors are accumulated, so that the position degree and the parallelism of the finally processed hole systems relative to the bearing hole systems are not easy to guarantee.

Meanwhile, the special equipment for processing the holes of the sliding rod is put into the machine for processing the holes of the sliding rod at one time, and compared with the small-batch production of the tractor and the trial production of new products, the processing technology is not suitable. The production is small in batch, the requirement on the takt of parts is low, the processing takt of special equipment is fast, the quantity of the equipment is large, and the production is not economical. The special equipment cannot meet the requirements of frequent changing and modification of new products.

The tractor box body is suitable for being used in flexible processing equipment in small-batch production and new product trial-manufacture modification, for example, the tractor box body is similar to numerical control processing center equipment, after the precise reference of parts is processed, the four-surface or five-surface and inner cavity processing of the parts is completed through once positioning, the requirements of small-batch production and trial-manufacture are met, and the existing position requirements among the processing surfaces and holes of the parts can be met.

Therefore, in the middle and small batch production, the shaft holes are processed by adopting processing center equipment, so that the equipment quantity is reduced, and the flexibility of the process is realized. On the high-precision machining center capable of mounting the overlong cutter, after the precise reference of the part is machined, the part is clamped and positioned on the machining center at one time, the machining of a box body bearing hole and a slide rod hole is completed, and the requirement on the size and the position after machining is guaranteed by means of the higher machining precision of a numerical control machining center device.

For the non-totally-enclosed type box body, the side surface is provided with an opening for installing an operation and speed change device. Because the slide bar hole is the interrupted deep hole, need carry out the processing of hole at inside baffle blank face, the cutter can follow blank face draft slope direction slope in the drilling process, even use many times to bore and expand the hinge technology, also is difficult to guarantee the position accuracy in the cutter course of working, causes the position degree of processing back hole to be out of tolerance.

For the situation, the local openness of the part can be utilized, the cutter guide sleeve is arranged on the clamp and extends into the inner cavity of the part, and the cutter in machining is supported and guided, so that the accurate machining position degree is ensured.

The normal machining process of the slide rod hole is to use a drilling, expanding and reaming process, reasonably distribute cutting allowances of a drill bit, an expanding drill and a reamer, ensure the diameter tolerance of a final hole, and use guide sleeves with different diameters in the machining process according to different diameters of cutters.

However, in the above processing situation, the tool guide sleeve on the fixture is arranged inside the box body and is processed on the processing center, and the tool guide sleeve cannot be replaced in the processing process, so that the tool is guided by adopting the fixed guide sleeve, the size of the guide sleeve is directly made into the final size of the aperture, the processing tool is made into the final size of the aperture, and the processing of the final size of the aperture is completed at one time.

The machining center equipment is mainly used for arranging a guide device on a positioning window of a box body, guiding a cutter by using a fixed guide sleeve and machining the final size of the aperture at one time by using a gun drill.

The processing cutter is suitable for parts with windows, the clamp can be used for arranging box parts of the guide support, if the four sides of the box are closed, the guide sleeve cannot be arranged on the clamp, the cutter does not have guide in the processing process, the cutter and the processing need to be improved, and the instability of the cutter in the processing process caused by the non-guide is eliminated.

The slide rod hole belongs to a constant-diameter discontinuous deep hole, the machining tool is longer, the hole machining tool is used for machining on the blank surface during internal machining, and the tool shaping is extremely poor. If the guide device cannot be arranged on the clamp, the cutter needs to be improved to complete the processing of the hole.

The invention patent application published by the national intellectual property office 2016, 12 months, 14 days: "a deep hole drill", No.: CN 205798536U; the deep hole drill with the spiral groove comprises a cutter base body and a truncated cone-shaped connecting part, wherein the front end of the connecting part is an installation part, a cutter bar part is convexly formed at the rear end of the connecting part, an installation surface tangent to the installation part is arranged on the outer surface of the installation part, a tool withdrawal groove is formed in one side, close to the connecting part, of the installation part, and an annular groove is formed in one side, far away from the connecting part, of the installation part; offer relative and spiral setting's first chip groove and second chip groove on cutter arbor portion, first chip groove and second chip groove all extend to connecting portion from the tip of cutter arbor portion, offer the bar groove that is used for installing the boring cutter on the terminal surface of cutter arbor portion.

The cutter is suitable for machining solid deep holes, the length-diameter ratio of the cutter is within 10 times, and the cutter is deficient in machining stability for deep holes with the length-diameter ratio of more than 10 times.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a tractor box constant diameter discontinuous deep hole's processing cutter realizes box deep hole processing's stability.

In order to realize the technical purpose, the adopted technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a processing cutter of discontinuous deep hole of tractor box constant diameter, includes HSK main handle of a knife, handle of a knife flange, cutter unit spare, HSK main handle of a knife passes through handle of a knife flange and cutter unit spare and is connected, cutter unit spare include that the cutter connects the flange body, connecting screw, the cutter arbor body, boring cutter unit spare and deep hole drill bit, the one end that the flange body was connected to the cutter is passed through connecting screw and is connected with the handle of a knife flange, the other end and the cutter arbor body coupling of the flange body are connected to the cutter, boring cutter unit spare and deep hole drill bit are connected in proper order to the other end of the cutter arbor.

The cutter bar body is connected with the cutter connecting flange body in a thermal expansion interference manner.

One end of the cutter bar body penetrates through the cutter connecting flange body and then is connected with the cutter handle connecting flange plate, circumferential adjusting screw mounting holes are formed in the circumferential surface of the cutter handle connecting flange plate, and circumferential adjusting screws used for adjusting circumferential displacement of the cutter bar body are arranged in the circumferential adjusting screw mounting holes.

The cutter bar body is in a hexagonal pyramid shape or a triangular pyramid shape.

The boring cutter component consists of a boring cutter seat and a boring cutter blade, and the boring cutter blade is fixedly arranged on the boring cutter seat.

The cutter bar body is connected with the boring cutter assembly through threads, and the boring cutter assembly is connected with the deep hole drill through threads.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the utility model discloses to process the processing cutter of the discontinuous deep hole of tractor box path and divide into the triplex, utilize the deep hole drill bit to get into the preliminary working, the boring cutter subassembly carries out the finish machining again, simultaneously, utilizes the cutter arbor at rear to carry out the direction support, makes under the condition that whole processing need not the uide bushing, guarantees machining precision and processing stability.

2. The cutter bar body is designed to be hexagonal pyramid or triangular pyramid, so that the contact area between the cutter bar body and a machining hole is reduced, and cutting fluid can conveniently enter the cutter bar body for lubrication.

3. By utilizing the circumferential adjusting screw, the position of the cutter of the whole cutter assembly can be adjusted, and the self-hanging and circumferential rotation errors of the lengthened cutter are eliminated.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a circumferential adjusting screw mounting structure of the tool holder connecting flange of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the flange plate for connecting the tool holder and the tool assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a processing structure of a tractor case;

in the figure: 1. HSK main handle of a knife, 2, handle of a knife flange, 3, cutter unit spare, 4, first layer hole, 5, second floor hole, 6, third floor hole, 2.1, handle of a knife flange disk body, 2.2, circumference adjusting screw, 2.3, circumference adjusting screw mounting hole, 3.1, cutter connecting flange body, 3.2, connecting screw, 3.3, housing screw, 3.4, cutter arbor body, 3.5, boring tool holder, 3.6, boring blade, 3.7 deep hole drill bit.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the machining tool for the constant-diameter discontinuous deep hole of the tractor box comprises an HSK main tool shank 1, a tool shank connecting flange 2 and a tool assembly 3, wherein the HSK main tool shank 1 is connected with the tool assembly 3 through the tool shank connecting flange 2.

And the HSK main tool shank 1 is used for being connected with a main shaft of a machine tool.

The tool handle is connected with the flange plate 2 and is used for connecting the tool assembly and the tool handle. Including handle of a knife flange disk body 2.1 and circumference adjusting screw 2.2, after the cutter unit subassembly was adorned, this circumference adjusting screw 2.2 mainly used adjusted cutter unit's circumferential displacement.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the cutter assembly includes a cutter connecting flange body 3.1, a connecting screw 3.2, a cutter bar body 3.4, a boring cutter assembly and a deep hole drill bit 3.7, one end of the cutter connecting flange body 3.1 is connected with the cutter handle connecting flange plate 2 through the connecting screw 3.2, the other end of the cutter connecting flange body 3.1 is connected with one end of the cutter bar body 3.4, and the other end of the cutter bar body 3.4 is sequentially connected with the boring cutter assembly and the deep hole drill bit 3.7.

One end of the cutter arbor body 3.4 is connected with the cutter handle connecting flange plate 2 after passing through the cutter connecting flange body 3.1, circumferential adjusting screw mounting holes 2.3 are arranged on the circumferential surface of the cutter handle connecting flange plate 2, and circumferential adjusting screws 2.2 used for adjusting the circumferential displacement of the cutter arbor body 3.4 are arranged in the circumferential adjusting screw mounting holes 2.3.

The cutter connecting flange body 3.1 is provided with a mounting hole for the compression screw 3.3 to pass through and be connected with the cutter handle connecting flange 2. The compression screw 3.3 is used for axial displacement of the assembled cutter and adjusting the contact ratio of the cutter detection position and the center of the machine tool spindle through the change of the screwing amount.

The cutter bar body 3.4 is made of hard alloy, and the cutter bar body 3.4 is connected with the cutter connecting flange body 3.1 in a thermal expansion interference manner. The cutter bar body 3.4 is arranged in a front row of processed holes in the processing process, plays a role in supporting a cutter and stabilizing the processing when the cutter assembly moves, wherein edges of a hexagonal pyramid shape or a triangular pyramid shape are subjected to edge trimming treatment, so that friction is reduced, and grinding death in the processing process is avoided. The cutter guide generally adopts a hard alloy inlaid strip, and the cutter bar body is the whole hard alloy without the inlaid strip. In order to avoid the cutter bar from being worn out in the hole, the cutter bar is not guided by a full-circle cutter bar, and a triangular pyramid or a hexagonal pyramid is adopted, so that the contact area is reduced, and the cutting fluid can conveniently enter the hole for lubrication. The cutter removing grooves are polished on the boring cutter holder 3.5, the pressing blocks and the screws are arranged, the blades adopt the blades with the common reamer gib structures, and the boring and reaming functions can be realized in machining.

The cutter bar body 3.4 is connected with the boring cutter component through threads, and the boring cutter component is connected with the deep hole drill 3.7 through threads.

The boring cutter component consists of a boring cutter seat 3.5 and a boring cutter blade 3.6, and the boring cutter blade 3.6 is fixedly arranged on the boring cutter seat 3.5. And the boring blade 3.6 is used for correcting the hole diameter after drilling.

The deep hole drill 3.7 is similar to a common straight fluted drill, the cutting part of the drill is improved, the drill tip part is ground into a central drill structure, the chisel edge of the cutter is ground for 180 degrees, and the stability in the hole processing process can be ensured by drilling on the blank surface.

When discontinuous deep holes are machined in the inner cavity of the box body, the deep hole drill 3.7 firstly machines a bottom hole and leaves a margin, the bottom hole is finely bored and reamed by the boring cutter assembly, the diameter of the machined hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the cutter bar body 3.4, and the machined hole can be used as a guide hole of the cutter bar body 3.4, so that the machining of deeper holes is facilitated.

Utilize the utility model discloses a processing cutter, the slide bar hole is no longer once processed the completion, decomposes the surplus in the hole of processing. And three layers of holes are formed in the box body, and the drilling, expanding and reaming steps are respectively completed. No longer use the gun drill cutter which can finish the final size, adopt the special non-standard drilling cutter.

Because the cutter that uses in the processing is longer, HSK main handle of a knife and cutter unit use all adjustable formula flange joint of axial and circumference, guarantee before the cutter processing, accessible connection ring flange adjusts the processing blade position on the cutter, eliminates the autodrooping and the radial gyration error of extension cutter.

And starting from the machining of the slide rod hole of the second layer, performing finish machining on the hole of the previous layer by using the boring cutter assembly to serve as a guide hole for machining the hole of the next layer. And (3) pretreating the blank surface at the hole on the partition board in the box body by using an end mill, milling the blank surface on the surface of the hole to be flat, and ensuring the flatness of a deep hole drill bit and a machined surface during machining.

As shown in FIG. 5, the slide rod holes of the tractor box are divided into three layers from left to right, the hole diameters are the same, and the machining direction of the machining tool is also from left to right. The first layer hole 4 is previously provided with a pilot hole by the deep-hole drill 3.7 in the previous step, and the first layer hole 4 is subjected to finish machining by the boring cutter assembly in the finish machining step and then is used as a pilot hole for the second layer hole. And after the second layer of holes 5 are processed by the deep hole drill 3.7, the holes in the first layer are used as guide holes, the holes are subjected to finish machining again by the boring cutter assembly, and the second layer of holes 5 are processed and then used as guide holes of the holes in the third layer until the third layer of holes are processed.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a processing cutter of discontinuous deep hole of tractor box constant diameter which characterized in that: including HSK owner handle of a knife (1), handle of a knife flange plate (2), cutter unit spare (3), HSK owner handle of a knife (1) is connected through handle of a knife flange plate (2) and cutter unit spare (3), cutter unit spare include that the cutter connects flange body (3.1), connecting screw (3.2), the cutter arbor body (3.4), boring cutter unit spare and deep hole drill bit (3.7), the one end that the flange body (3.1) was connected with handle of a knife flange plate (2) through connecting screw (3.2), the other end and the cutter arbor body (3.4) of cutter connection flange body (3.1) are connected, the other end of the cutter arbor body (3.4) connects gradually boring cutter unit spare and deep hole drill bit (3.7).

2. The cutter for machining the constant-diameter discontinuous deep hole in the tractor box body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cutter bar body (3.4) is connected with the cutter connecting flange body (3.1) in a thermal expansion interference manner.

3. The cutter for machining the constant-diameter discontinuous deep hole in the tractor box body as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: one end of the cutter arbor body (3.4) passes through the cutter connecting flange body (3.1) and then is connected with the cutter handle connecting flange disc (2), circumferential adjusting screw mounting holes (2.3) are formed in the circumferential surface of the cutter handle connecting flange disc (2), and circumferential adjusting screws (2.2) used for adjusting circumferential displacement of the cutter arbor body (3.4) are arranged in the circumferential adjusting screw mounting holes (2.3).

4. The cutter for machining the constant-diameter discontinuous deep hole in the tractor box body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cutter bar body (3.4) is in a hexagonal pyramid shape or a triangular pyramid shape.

5. The cutter for machining the constant-diameter discontinuous deep hole in the tractor box body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the boring cutter component consists of a boring cutter seat (3.5) and a boring cutter blade (3.6), wherein the boring cutter blade (3.6) is fixedly arranged on the boring cutter seat (3.5).

6. The cutter for machining the constant-diameter discontinuous deep hole in the tractor box body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cutter bar body (3.4) is connected with the boring cutter component through threads, and the boring cutter component is connected with the deep hole drill bit (3.7) through threads.

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