CN210927410U - Hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator and system - Google Patents

Hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN210927410U
CN210927410U CN201922151739.3U CN201922151739U CN210927410U CN 210927410 U CN210927410 U CN 210927410U CN 201922151739 U CN201922151739 U CN 201922151739U CN 210927410 U CN210927410 U CN 210927410U
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permanent magnet
rotor
hybrid excitation
base
magnet generator
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彭宇林
项绍水
鲍颖
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Zhejiang Happy Aerospace Science And Technology Co ltd
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Zhejiang Happy Aerospace Science And Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator and a system, and relates to the technical field of hybrid power generation. The hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator comprises a base, a front cover, a composite stator, a permanent magnet rotor, an exciter stator, an exciter rotor, a main shaft and a rear cover. The inside of frame has accommodation space, and compound stator is located accommodation space for produce first rotating magnetic field. The permanent magnet rotor is positioned inside the composite stator and is used for being cut by magnetic lines of force in a first rotating magnetic field to generate a first voltage. The exciter stator is located on a first side of the permanent magnet rotor away from the front cover and is used for generating a second rotating magnetic field. The exciter rotor is located inside the exciter stator for being cut by the magnetic lines of force in the second rotating magnetic field to generate a second voltage. Wherein the permanent magnet rotor and the exciter rotor are connected in series. Through the arrangement, the problem that the existing universal shaft power take-off generator cannot meet the requirements of installation size and load of certain light vehicles can be solved.

Description

Hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator and system
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of hybrid power generation, in particular to a hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator and a system.
Background
The existing universal shaft power take-off generator mainly has two types: the first is a brushless excitation three-phase synchronous generator, namely, an improved design is carried out on the basis of a common three-phase alternating current brushless synchronous generator, an air inlet and exhaust duct is added, the sealing performance is improved, and the IP grade is improved so as to meet the requirement of installation on a vehicle chassis; the second is a way of equipping a permanent magnet generator with an inverter power supply, and the most difference between the permanent magnet generator and the brushless electric excitation generator is that the excitation magnetic field of the permanent magnet generator is generated by a permanent magnet. The permanent magnet generator has the advantages of small volume, light weight and high efficiency, and has the defects of relatively fixed magnetic field strength, uncontrollable and unadjustable magnetic field strength, relatively poor steady-state voltage adjustment rate and low power supply quality. Therefore, in practical engineering application, a better method for solving the problem is to use an inverter power supply and adjust the quality of the power supply through the inverter power supply, so that the final power supply output reaches high-quality power supply output.
However, the inventor researches and discovers that in the prior art, the device of the inverter power supply assembled by the brushless excitation three-phase synchronous generator and the permanent magnet generator cannot meet the problems of installation size and load requirements of certain light vehicles due to large external dimension and weight.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, it is an object of the present application to provide a hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator and system to improve the problems of the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present application adopts the following technical solutions:
a hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator comprising:
the engine base is internally provided with an accommodating space;
the front cover is positioned on the first side of the base and is fixedly connected with the base;
a composite stator located in the accommodating space for generating a first rotating magnetic field;
a permanent magnet rotor inside the composite stator for being cut by magnetic lines of force in the first rotating magnetic field to generate a first voltage;
an exciter stator located on a first side of the permanent magnet rotor away from the front cover for generating a second rotating magnetic field;
an exciter rotor located inside the exciter stator for being cut by magnetic lines of force in the second rotating magnetic field to generate a second voltage;
a main shaft fixedly connected to the permanent magnet rotor and the exciter rotor, respectively;
the rear cover is positioned on the second side of the base and is fixedly connected with the base;
wherein the permanent magnet rotor and the exciter rotor are connected in series.
In a preferred option of the embodiment of the present application, the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator further includes:
the fan is positioned on the first side, away from the base, of the rear cover and is fixedly connected with the base through the main shaft;
the fan cover is positioned on the first side, far away from the rear cover, of the fan and fixedly connected with the base.
In a preferred option of the embodiment of the present application, the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator further includes:
a rotary transformer electrically connected to the exciter rotor, the rotary transformer being located between the rear cover and the fan;
a rotating commutation controller electrically connected to the exciter rotor, the rotating commutation controller positioned between the fan and the fan housing.
In a preferred option of the embodiment of the present application, the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator further includes:
the front bearing is positioned in the center of the front cover and is fixedly connected with the main shaft;
and the rear bearing is positioned in the center of the rear cover and is fixedly connected with the main shaft.
In a preferred option of the embodiment of the present application, the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator further includes:
and the compensation rotor is connected with the permanent magnet rotor in series, is positioned on the second side of the permanent magnet rotor close to the front bearing, and is fixedly connected with the permanent magnet rotor.
In a preferred option of the embodiment of the present application, the permanent magnet rotor and the compensation rotor are of a salient pole structure.
In a preferred option of the embodiment of the present application, the rotor windings of the permanent magnet rotor and the compensation rotor are distributed windings.
In a preferred option of the embodiment of the present application, the base includes:
the heat dissipation ribs are arranged in parallel along the surface of the base;
the lifting ring is positioned at the top of the base;
and the outlet box is positioned on the side surface of the base.
In a preferred selection of the embodiment of the present application, the front cover is a steel plate, the rear cover is made of an aluminum alloy, and the base is made of an aluminum alloy.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a hybrid excitation permanent magnet power generation system, including:
a voltage regulator;
the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator described above;
the voltage regulator is electrically connected with the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator to regulate the output voltage of the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator.
The hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator and the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator system provided by the embodiment of the application set up the composite stator, the permanent magnet rotor, the exciter stator and the exciter rotor through the accommodating space in the base, and reduce the size and the weight while realizing the series output voltage of the excitation generator and the permanent magnet generator, thereby improving the problem that the universal shaft power take-off generator in the prior art cannot meet the installation size and the load requirement of certain light vehicles.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid excitation permanent magnet power generation system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is another schematic structural diagram of a hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a stand according to an embodiment of the present application.
Icon: 10-a hybrid excitation permanent magnet power generation system; 100-hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator; 110-a stand; 120-a front cover; 130-a composite stator; 140-a permanent magnet rotor; 150-an exciter stator; 160-exciter rotor; 170-main shaft; 180-rear cover; 111-a fan; 112-a fan housing; 113-a front bearing; 114-a rear bearing; 115-a compensating rotor; 116-a rotary transformer; 117-rotating commutation controller; 1101-heat dissipation ribs; 1102-a lifting ring; 1103-outlet box; 200-voltage regulator.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present application, it is further noted that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a hybrid excitation permanent magnet power generation system 10, which may include a hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator 100 and a voltage regulator 200.
In detail, the voltage regulator 200 is electrically connected to the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator 100 to regulate an output voltage of the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator 100.
It should be noted that, since the transmission ratio of the generator to the engine is fixed, the rotation speed of the generator will change with the change of the rotation speed of the engine. In the running process of the automobile, the rotating speed of the engine has a large variation range, and the terminal voltage of the generator can also vary in a large range along with the variation of the rotating speed of the engine. However, the generator is required to be stable in voltage for both supplying power to the electric equipment and charging the battery, and the output voltage of the generator must be adjusted so that the voltage is always kept at a certain value. The voltage regulator 200 realizes automatic regulation of the output voltage of the generator by controlling the current of the generator, and can meet the use of the common 60/50Hz and medium-frequency 400Hz single-machine or parallel-operation generators.
Optionally, the specific type of the voltage regulator 200 is not limited, and may be set according to the actual application requirement.
For example, in an alternative example, the voltage regulator 200 may be a transistor regulator, which has a high switching frequency, generates no spark, has high regulation accuracy, and has the advantages of light weight, small size, long service life, high reliability, and small radio interference.
For another example, in another alternative example, the voltage regulator 200 may be an integrated circuit regulator that is ultra-small, may be installed inside the generator (also called a built-in regulator), reduces external wiring, and improves cooling.
With reference to fig. 2, the embodiment of the present application further provides a hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator 100, which can be applied to the hybrid excitation permanent magnet power generation system 10. The hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator 100 may include a base 110, a front cover 120, a composite stator 130, a permanent magnet rotor 140, an exciter stator 150, an exciter rotor 160, a main shaft 170, and a rear cover 180.
In detail, the housing 110 has an accommodating space therein. The front cover 120 is disposed on a first side of the base 110 and is fixedly connected to the base 110. The composite stator 130 is located in the accommodating space for generating a first rotating magnetic field. The permanent magnet rotor 140 is located inside the composite stator 130, and is configured to be cut by magnetic lines of force in the first rotating magnetic field to generate a first voltage. The exciter stator 150 is located on a first side of the permanent magnet rotor 140 away from the front cover 120 for generating a second rotating magnetic field. The exciter rotor 160 is located inside the exciter stator 150 to be cut by the magnetic lines of force in the second rotating magnetic field to generate a second voltage. The main shaft 170 is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet rotor 140 and the exciter rotor 160, respectively. The rear cover 180 is located at a second side of the base 110 and is fixedly connected to the base 110.
Wherein the permanent magnet rotor 140 and the exciter rotor 160 are connected in series.
With such an arrangement, the composite stator 130, the permanent magnet rotor 140, the exciter stator 150 and the exciter rotor 160 can be arranged in the accommodating space inside the base 110, so that the size and weight can be reduced while the series output voltage of the exciter generator and the permanent magnet generator can be realized, and the problem that the universal shaft power take-off generator in the prior art cannot meet the installation size and load requirements of some light vehicles can be solved.
Optionally, a specific connection manner of the front cover 120 and the base 110 is not limited, and may be set according to a practical application requirement.
For example, in an alternative example, the front cover 120 and the housing 110 may be welded.
For another example, in an alternative example, the front cover 120 and the base 110 may be fixedly connected by screws.
Optionally, a specific connection manner of the rear cover 180 and the housing 110 is not limited, and may be set according to a practical application requirement.
For example, in an alternative example, the rear cover 180 and the housing 110 may be welded.
For another example, in an alternative example, the rear cover 180 and the housing 110 may be fixedly connected by screws.
Further, in order to dissipate heat, in conjunction with fig. 3, the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator 100 may further include a fan 111 and a fan cover 112.
In detail, the fan 111 is located on a first side of the rear cover 180 away from the base 110, and is fixedly connected to the base 110 through the main shaft 170. The fan cover 112 is located on a first side of the fan 111 away from the rear cover 180, and is fixedly connected to the base 110.
Optionally, a specific connection manner of the fan cover 112 and the base 110 is not limited, and may be set according to a practical application requirement.
For example, in an alternative example, the fan housing 112 and the base 110 may be welded.
For another example, in an alternative example, the fan cover 112 and the base 110 may be fixedly connected by screws.
Further, for support, the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator 100 may further include a front bearing 113 and a rear bearing 114.
In detail, the front bearing 113 is located at the center of the front cover 120 and is fixedly connected with the main shaft 170. The rear bearing 114 is located at the center of the rear cover 180 and is fixedly connected with the main shaft 170.
It should be noted that the bearing functions as a support, i.e. literally explained for the bearing, but this is only a part of its function, supporting it in essence being able to take up radial loads. It is also understood that it is intended to fix the shaft so that it can only rotate, but control its axial and radial movement. In theory, the bearing cannot realize the transmission function, and not only does the bearing influence the transmission. To reduce this effect, good lubrication must be achieved on the bearings of the high speed shaft, some bearings already having lubrication themselves, called pre-lubricated bearings, and most bearings must have lubrication because friction not only increases energy consumption, but also tends to damage the bearings.
In detail, the lubrication purpose of the bearing may include: the friction and the abrasion in the bearing are reduced, and the burning adhesion is prevented; the service life of the device is prolonged; frictional heat is discharged for cooling, so that overheating of the bearing is prevented, and self-aging of lubricating oil is prevented; it also has the effects of preventing foreign matters from entering the inside of the bearing, and preventing rusting and corrosion.
The lubrication method of the bearing can be divided into grease lubrication and oil lubrication. In order to make the bearing function well, first, a lubrication method suitable for the use conditions and the purpose of use is selected. Oil lubrication is predominantly lubricious when lubrication alone is considered. However, grease lubrication has an advantage that the structure around the bearing can be simplified. The amount of the lubricant is needed to be paid special attention during lubrication, and no matter oil lubrication or grease lubrication is adopted, the service life of the bearing is influenced by insufficient lubrication when the amount is too small, and large resistance is generated when the amount is too large, so that the rotating speed is influenced.
Further, the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator 100 may further include a compensation rotor 115 connected in series with the permanent magnet rotor 140, where the compensation rotor 115 is located on a second side of the permanent magnet rotor 140 close to the front bearing 113 and is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet rotor 140.
Optionally, the specific structures of the permanent magnet rotor 140 and the compensation rotor 115 are not limited, and may be set according to the actual application requirements.
For example, in an alternative example, the permanent magnet rotor 140 and the compensation rotor 115 may have a salient pole structure, and have good heat dissipation performance.
Optionally, the rotor winding structures of the permanent magnet rotor 140 and the compensation rotor 115 are not limited, and may be set according to the actual application requirements.
For example, in an alternative example, the rotor windings of the permanent magnet rotor 140 and the compensation rotor 115 may be distributed windings with high overload capability.
Further, in order to control the output voltage, the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator 100 may further include a rotary transformer 116 and a rotary rectification controller 117.
In detail, the resolver 116 is electrically connected to the exciter rotor 160, and the resolver 116 is located between the rear cover 180 and the fan 111. The rotating commutation controller 117 is electrically connected to the exciter rotor 160, and the rotating commutation controller 117 is located between the fan 111 and the fan cover 112.
When the voltage of the permanent magnet generator is high, the rotating rectification controller 117 turns off the forward compensation control switch, turns on the reverse compensation control switch, supplies a reverse compensation exciting current from the power generated by the reverse compensation winding, and adjusts the exciting current of the exciter by the voltage regulator 200 so that the generator voltage is kept constant at about the rated voltage (380V or 400V). When the voltage is lower than the rated voltage after the load is loaded, the rotating rectification controller 117 switches off the reverse compensation control switch, switches on the forward compensation control switch, the power generated by the forward compensation winding provides the forward compensation exciting current, and the exciting current of the exciter is adjusted by the voltage regulator 200 to keep the voltage of the generator constant around the rated voltage. Moreover, the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application has a forward and backward excitation regulation function, and not only can have an inductive lagging power factor load, but also can have a capacitive leading power factor load, and the load adaptability is strong.
Referring to fig. 4, the housing 110 may further include a heat dissipating rib 1101, a hanging ring 1102, and an outlet box 1103.
In detail, the plurality of heat dissipation ribs 1101 are arranged in parallel along the surface of the base 110 for dissipating heat. The suspension ring 1102 is positioned on the top of the base 110 to facilitate the movement of the motor. The outlet box 1103 is located at a side of the housing 110 and used for connecting with an external device.
Further, specific materials of the base 110, the front cover 120 and the rear cover 180 are not limited, and may be set according to actual application requirements.
For example, in an alternative example, the front cover 120 is a steel plate to ensure strength. The base 110 and the rear cover 180 may be made of an aluminum alloy to reduce weight and increase heat dissipation.
In order to further reduce the weight of the generator and solve the contradiction between the electrical performance index and the weight in the design of the generator, in the design process, the 35WW360 type high-quality cold-rolled silicon steel sheet with low iron loss, high magnetic induction intensity and high stacking coefficient can be selected as the silicon steel sheet of the generator, and the permanent magnet material of the generator can be selected from neodymium iron boron and other materials so as to reduce the weight of the stator and the rotor.
That is to say, the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can reduce the overall size and the weight index on the basis of meeting the requirements of the electrical performance indexes of the generator, such as power output, temperature rise, steady-state voltage regulation rate, voltage fluctuation rate, and the like, so that the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator can meet the installation size and load requirements of some light vehicles.
In detail, the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator 100 provided by the embodiment of the application overcomes the defect that the voltage of a pure permanent magnet generator is uncontrollable and unadjustable, and does not have the huge volume and high manufacturing cost of a high-power inverter power supply, and the volume and the weight of the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator 100 are much smaller than those of a three-phase brushless electrically-excited synchronous shaft generator with a power take-off function, the overall dimension (length ×, width × and height) is about 780mm × 400mm, × 395mm and 395mm, and the weight is about 250 kg.
Table 1 parameters of hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator 100 and the existing generator provided in the embodiments of the present application
Serial number Rated power Model number Weight (D) Overall dimension Remarks for note
1 50kW XF50 250kg 780mm×400mm×395mm Light weight and small volume
2 58kW XX 400kg 960mm×650mm×870mm
3 56kW XX 395kg 743mm×572mm×648mm
4 58kW XX 437kg 840mm×552mm×690mm
Further, the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator 100 provided by the embodiment of the application further designs an effective sealing structure, so that the protection level of the generator reaches IP65, and the generator has certain dustproof and waterproof capabilities. The components exposed outside the generator shell, namely the voltage regulator 200, the rotary transformer 116, the rotary rectification controller 117 and the like, are all designed to be dustproof and waterproof in a sealing structure, and are treated by an epoxy glue encapsulating process. The winding of the generator is H-level insulation, and a vacuum paint dipping process is adopted. After the generator adopts the series of design and process measures, the generator has higher environmental adaptability and reliability.
To sum up, the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator and the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator system provided by the embodiment of the application set the composite stator, the permanent magnet rotor, the exciter stator and the exciter rotor in the accommodating space inside the base, and reduce the size and the weight while realizing the series output voltage of the exciter generator and the permanent magnet generator, thereby improving the problem that the general shaft driven power take-off generator in the prior art cannot meet the installation size and the load requirement of some light vehicles.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator, comprising:
the engine base is internally provided with an accommodating space;
the front cover is positioned on the first side of the base and is fixedly connected with the base;
a composite stator located in the accommodating space for generating a first rotating magnetic field;
a permanent magnet rotor inside the composite stator for being cut by magnetic lines of force in the first rotating magnetic field to generate a first voltage;
an exciter stator located on a first side of the permanent magnet rotor away from the front cover for generating a second rotating magnetic field;
an exciter rotor located inside the exciter stator for being cut by magnetic lines of force in the second rotating magnetic field to generate a second voltage;
a main shaft fixedly connected to the permanent magnet rotor and the exciter rotor, respectively;
the rear cover is positioned on the second side of the base and is fixedly connected with the base;
wherein the permanent magnet rotor and the exciter rotor are connected in series.
2. A hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator according to claim 1, further comprising:
the fan is positioned on the first side, away from the base, of the rear cover and is fixedly connected with the base through the main shaft;
the fan cover is positioned on the first side, far away from the rear cover, of the fan and fixedly connected with the base.
3. A hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator according to claim 2, further comprising:
a rotary transformer electrically connected to the exciter rotor, the rotary transformer being located between the rear cover and the fan;
a rotating commutation controller electrically connected to the exciter rotor, the rotating commutation controller positioned between the fan and the fan housing.
4. A hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator according to claim 1, further comprising:
the front bearing is positioned in the center of the front cover and is fixedly connected with the main shaft;
and the rear bearing is positioned in the center of the rear cover and is fixedly connected with the main shaft.
5. The hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator of claim 4, further comprising:
and the compensation rotor is connected with the permanent magnet rotor in series, is positioned on the second side of the permanent magnet rotor close to the front bearing, and is fixedly connected with the permanent magnet rotor.
6. A hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator as claimed in claim 4 wherein the permanent magnet rotor and the compensation rotor are of salient pole construction.
7. A hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator as claimed in claim 4 wherein the rotor windings of the permanent magnet rotor and the compensation rotor are distributed windings.
8. A hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator according to claim 1 wherein the housing comprises:
the heat dissipation ribs are arranged in parallel along the surface of the base;
the lifting ring is positioned at the top of the base;
and the outlet box is positioned on the side surface of the base.
9. A hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator as set forth in claim 8 wherein said front cover is a steel plate, said rear cover is made of aluminum alloy, and said housing is made of aluminum alloy.
10. A hybrid excitation permanent magnet power generation system, comprising:
a voltage regulator;
a hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9;
the voltage regulator is electrically connected with the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator to regulate the output voltage of the hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator.
CN201922151739.3U 2019-12-04 2019-12-04 Hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator and system Active CN210927410U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201922151739.3U CN210927410U (en) 2019-12-04 2019-12-04 Hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator and system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201922151739.3U CN210927410U (en) 2019-12-04 2019-12-04 Hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator and system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN210927410U true CN210927410U (en) 2020-07-03

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201922151739.3U Active CN210927410U (en) 2019-12-04 2019-12-04 Hybrid excitation permanent magnet generator and system

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Country Link
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