CN210919126U - A kind of tunnel initial support and arch-changing support structure - Google Patents
A kind of tunnel initial support and arch-changing support structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构,包括方形反力架,方形反力架通过多个千斤顶与初期支护的钢拱架连接;方形反力架的两端的底部分别设置有移动轮,移动轮与沿隧道行进方向延伸布置的轨道相互匹配;方形反力架为至少两榀,相邻两榀方形反力架之间通过纵向横杆相互连接,且相邻两榀方形反力架中间的区间为换拱作业区。本实用新型的隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构安装简单快捷,可自由灵活变换,适应于多种不同形状的隧道,适用性强;利用上述隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构进行换拱,简单易操作,施工效率高。
The utility model discloses an arch-changing support structure for initial support of a tunnel, which comprises a square reaction force frame. The square reaction force frame is connected with a steel arch frame of the initial support through a plurality of jacks; the bottoms of both ends of the square reaction force frame are respectively provided with There are moving wheels, and the moving wheels are matched with the track extending along the traveling direction of the tunnel; the square reaction frame is at least two, and the two adjacent square reaction frames are connected to each other by longitudinal cross bars, and the two adjacent square reaction frames are connected to each other by longitudinal bars. The interval in the middle of the reaction frame is the arch-changing operation area. The tunnel initial support arch-changing support structure of the utility model is simple and quick to install, can be freely and flexibly transformed, is suitable for a variety of different shapes of tunnels, and has strong applicability; using the tunnel initial support and arch-changing support structure to change the arch is simple and easy. Operation, high construction efficiency.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及隧道工程施工技术领域,尤其涉及一种隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构。The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering construction, in particular to an arch-changing support structure for initial support of a tunnel.
背景技术Background technique
隧道施工中,在进行初期支护后,因多种原因,经常出现初期支护侵限,为了保证二次衬砌的厚度及质量,需进行初期支护的破拆与换拱作业。In tunnel construction, after the initial support is carried out, the initial support encroachment often occurs due to various reasons. In order to ensure the thickness and quality of the secondary lining, it is necessary to dismantle the initial support and replace the arch.
由于初期支护的换拱作业通常采用冲击钻等破除混凝土,容易导致作业面混凝土崩落和拱架坍塌,为了保证换拱施工时的安全,需对换拱区间进行精确支撑及隧道变形监控。Since the arch-changing operation of the initial support usually uses impact drills to break the concrete, it is easy to cause the concrete to collapse on the working face and the collapse of the arch frame. In order to ensure the safety of the arch-changing construction, it is necessary to carry out accurate support and tunnel deformation monitoring in the arch-changing area.
实用新型内容Utility model content
针对现有技术中存在的问题,本实用新型的目的在于提供一种隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构,该换拱支撑结构安装简单快捷,可自由灵活变换,适应于多种不同形状的隧道,适用性强。利用上述换拱支撑结构进行换拱,简单易操作,施工效率高,且安全性好。In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an arch-changing support structure for initial tunnel support, which is simple and quick to install, can be freely and flexibly transformed, and is suitable for various tunnels of different shapes. Strong applicability. Using the above-mentioned arch-changing support structure to change the arch is simple and easy to operate, has high construction efficiency and good safety.
为达到上述目的,本实用新型采用以下技术方案予以实现。In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve.
技术方案一:Technical solution one:
一种隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构,所述隧道初期支护包含钢拱架,包括:方形反力架,所述方形反力架通过多个千斤顶与所述钢拱架连接;所述方形反力架的两端的底部分别设置有移动轮,所述移动轮与沿隧道行进方向延伸布置的轨道相互匹配;An arch-changing support structure for initial support of a tunnel, the initial support of the tunnel includes a steel arch frame, including: a square reaction force frame, the square reaction force frame is connected with the steel arch frame through a plurality of jacks; the square reaction force frame is connected with the steel arch frame; The bottoms of the two ends of the reaction force frame are respectively provided with moving wheels, and the moving wheels are matched with the rails extending along the traveling direction of the tunnel;
所述方形反力架为至少两榀,相邻两榀方形反力架之间通过纵向横杆相互连接,且相邻两榀方形反力架中间的区间为换拱作业区。The square reaction force frame is at least two, the two adjacent square reaction force frames are connected to each other by longitudinal cross bars, and the interval between the adjacent two square reaction force frames is the arch changing operation area.
本实用新型技术方案一的特点和进一步的改进在于:The feature and further improvement of the technical solution one of the present utility model are:
优选的,所述方形反力架由多个相互连接的立杆和横杆组成。Preferably, the square reaction frame is composed of a plurality of interconnected vertical bars and horizontal bars.
进一步优选的,所述立杆和横杆的横截面为方形钢管,所述立杆和横杆的端部焊接有方形端板,所述立杆和横杆之间通过所述方形端板和螺栓连接。Further preferably, the cross-sections of the vertical rods and the horizontal rods are square steel pipes, the ends of the vertical rods and the horizontal rods are welded with square end plates, and the square end plates and the square end plates are passed between the vertical rods and the horizontal rods. Bolted.
进一步优选的,所述纵向横杆的横截面为方形钢管,所述纵向横杆的端部焊接有方形端板,所述纵向横杆与所述立杆通过所述方形端板和螺栓连接。Further preferably, the cross section of the longitudinal crossbar is a square steel pipe, the end of the longitudinal crossbar is welded with a square end plate, and the longitudinal crossbar and the vertical rod are connected by the square end plate and bolts.
进一步优选的,所述移动轮设置于所述立杆的底部。Further preferably, the moving wheel is arranged at the bottom of the vertical pole.
优选的,所述千斤顶与所述钢拱架之间设置有荷载传感器,且所述千斤顶的活塞杆通过丝杠与所述荷载传感器相连接。Preferably, a load sensor is arranged between the jack and the steel arch, and the piston rod of the jack is connected to the load sensor through a lead screw.
优选的,所述方形反力架的中部设置有红外线测距仪。Preferably, an infrared rangefinder is arranged in the middle of the square reaction frame.
优选的,所述纵向横杆与所述立杆之间设置有丝杠,所述丝杠用于调节相邻两榀方形反力架之间的距离。Preferably, a lead screw is arranged between the longitudinal cross bar and the vertical bar, and the lead screw is used to adjust the distance between two adjacent square reaction frames.
优选的,所述千斤顶与所述方形反力架之间通过连接铰相互连接。Preferably, the jack and the square reaction force frame are connected to each other through a connecting hinge.
技术方案二:Technical solution two:
一种利用上述的隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构进行换拱的方法,包括以下步骤:A method for arch-changing using the above-mentioned tunnel initial support arch-changing support structure, comprising the following steps:
步骤1,在隧道侵限区域,安装方形反力架与移动轮在轨道上,使至少2榀方形反力架位于相隔至少1榀的钢拱架的正下方;
步骤2,调整相邻方形反力架之间的间距,使各方形反力架与各钢拱架对应设置,使至少2榀方形反力架形成稳固整体;
步骤3,将方形反力架外周的千斤顶紧密压接在初期支护的钢拱架上;
步骤4,进行作业区间初支钢拱架的替换;
步骤5,卸除所述隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构的所有千斤顶,移动所述隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构,重复步骤2-4。Step 5: Remove all the jacks of the tunnel initial support and arch-changing support structure, move the tunnel initial support and arch-changing support structure, and repeat steps 2-4.
与现有技术相比,本实用新型的有益效果为:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:
本实用新型的隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构安装简单快捷,可自由灵活变换,适应于多种不同形状的隧道,适用性强。利用该隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构进行换拱的方法简单易操作,施工效率高,且安全性好。The tunnel initial support and arch-changing support structure of the utility model is simple and quick to install, can be freely and flexibly changed, is suitable for various tunnels of different shapes, and has strong applicability. The method of using the arch-replacing support structure for initial support of the tunnel to change the arch is simple and easy to operate, with high construction efficiency and good safety.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are just some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
图1为本实用新型的隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构在隧道内支撑的一种实施例的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model in which the initial tunnel support and arch-changing support structure is supported in the tunnel;
图2为图1中A—A断面剖视图;Fig. 2 is A-A section sectional view in Fig. 1;
图3为隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构中立杆的连接示意图;Fig. 3 is the connection schematic diagram of the neutral rod of the initial support of the tunnel and the arch-changing support structure;
图4为隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构中千斤顶与横杆的连接示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the jack and the cross bar in the initial support of the tunnel and the arch-change support structure.
以上图1-图4中:1方形反力架;2千斤顶;3轨道;4连接铰;5移动轮;6立杆;7横杆;8螺栓;9方形端板;10纵向横杆;11红外线测距仪;12活塞杆;13丝杠;14荷载传感器;15钢拱架;16垫木;17隧道初期支护;18隧道二次衬砌支护。In the above pictures 1-4: 1 square reaction frame; 2 jacks; 3 rails; 4 connecting hinges; 5 moving wheels; 6 vertical bars; 7 cross bars; 8 bolts; 9 square end plates; 10 longitudinal cross bars; 11 Infrared rangefinder; 12 piston rod; 13 lead screw; 14 load sensor; 15 steel arch; 16 dunnage; 17 initial support of tunnel; 18 secondary lining support of tunnel.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图,对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本实用新型保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the implementations. example. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
隧道施工断面及结构分布参考图1和图2,隧道初期支护17包含钢拱架15,钢拱架15包括拱顶、拱墙、仰拱,隧道二次衬砌支护18为现浇钢筋混凝土。Referring to Figures 1 and 2 for the tunnel construction section and structure distribution, the
参考图1和图2,本实用新型实施例提供一种隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构,包括:方形反力架1,所述方形反力架1的外周面通过多个千斤顶2与所述钢拱架15连接;所述方形反力架1的两端的底部分别设置有移动轮5,移动轮5安装有锁死装置,所述移动轮5与沿隧道行进方向延伸布置的轨道3相互匹配。移动轮5在轨道3上前后移动,以方便换拱支撑结构的整体移动。Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 , an embodiment of the present utility model provides an arch-changing support structure for initial support of a tunnel, including: a square
具体的,方形反力架1由多个相互连接的立杆6和横杆7组成,立杆6和横杆7有多种规格,可以根据隧道的形状变化以及换拱作业面的长度将多个立杆6和横杆7自由安装与搭接,施工效率高。Specifically, the
参考图4,立杆6和横杆7的横截面为方形钢管,所述立杆6或/和横杆7的端部焊接有方形端板9,所述立杆6和横杆7之间通过所述方形端板9和螺栓8连接。Referring to FIG. 4 , the cross-sections of the
参考图3,立杆6和立杆6之间也是通过立杆6端部设置的方形端板9和螺栓8相互连接,方形反力架1两端的底层的立杆6的底部设置有移动轮5;方形反力架1的下端的隧道地面上还设置有垫木16,用于支撑方形反力架1。进一步的,底层的立杆6的底部还设置有丝杠13,用于调节移动轮5与轨道3或立杆6与垫木16之间的距离,使方形反力架1更稳固。Referring to FIG. 3, the
本实用新型实施例中,方形反力架1为至少两榀,位于同一榀的方形反力架1上的千斤顶2对应支撑隧道内部同一榀的钢拱架15,相邻两榀方形反力架1之间通过纵向横杆10相互连接。参考图2,相邻两榀方形反力架1中间的区间为换拱作业区,也就是说,相邻两榀方形反力架1之间至少间隔一榀需要更换的钢拱架15。In the embodiment of the present utility model, the square
具体的,纵向横杆10的横截面为方形钢管,纵向横杆10的端部焊接有方形端板9,纵向横杆10与立杆6通过所述方形端板9和螺栓8连接。Specifically, the cross section of the
进一步的,纵向横杆10与立杆6之间还设置有丝杠,可通过丝杠微调节相邻两榀方形反力架1之间的距离,使隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构更加稳定。Further, a lead screw is also arranged between the
工作时,按照换拱作业顺序,先将作业区间两侧相邻的钢拱架15用支撑结构的千斤顶2支撑,再进行作业区间初支钢拱架15的拆除、隧道土体的扩挖、安装新的初支钢拱架15、喷射混凝土,实现某部拱架替换,待初支稳定后,再将千斤顶2卸载,方形反力架1沿轨道3移动至下一级作业区间相应位置,可进行下一次换拱施工;如此循环,可实现整环拱架的替换。During the work, according to the sequence of the arch-changing operation, the
进一步的,方形反力架1通过多个千斤顶2与所述钢拱架15通过连接铰4连接,千斤顶2与所述钢拱架15之间设置有荷载传感器14,且千斤顶2的活塞杆12通过丝杠13与荷载传感器14相连接;荷载传感器14可以精确控制和监控每个千斤顶2的支撑力的大小变化,丝杠13可以用来调节荷载传感器14与隧道支撑点之间的距离。Further, the square
进一步的,方形反力架1的中部设置有红外线测距仪11,可以实时监控支撑点位移的变化,防止施工危险发生,提高了换拱作业的安全性。Further, an
本实用新型还提供了一种利用上述的隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构进行换拱的方法,包括以下步骤:The utility model also provides a method for arch-replacing using the above-mentioned tunnel initial support arch-replacing support structure, comprising the following steps:
步骤1,在隧道侵限区域,根据隧道的形状安装方形反力架1与移动轮5在轨道3上,使至少2榀方形反力架1位于相隔至少1榀的两榀钢拱架15的正下方,锁死移动轮5;
步骤2,调整相邻方形反力架1之间的间距,使各方形反力架1与各钢拱架15对应设置,使至少2榀方形反力架1形成稳固整体;
步骤3,将方形反力架1外周的千斤顶2紧密压接在初期支护的对应的钢拱架15上;
步骤4,进行作业区间初支钢拱架15的替换;
步骤5,卸除所述隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构的所有千斤顶2,通过移动轮5移动所述隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构,重复步骤2-4。Step 5: Remove all the
本实用新型实施例提供的隧道初期支护换拱支撑结构能够根据隧道的形状灵活安装搭接,适用性强;同时安装简单快捷,显著提高了换拱操作的施工效率。The tunnel initial support and arch-changing support structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be flexibly installed and overlapped according to the shape of the tunnel, and has strong applicability; meanwhile, the installation is simple and quick, and the construction efficiency of the arch-changing operation is significantly improved.
以上所述,仅为本实用新型的具体实施方式,但本实用新型的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本实用新型揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本实用新型的保护范围之内。因此,本实用新型的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
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CN111502722A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-07 | 中铁七局集团有限公司 | Method for replacing arch by utilizing tunnel primary support arch replacing support structure |
CN114060066A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-02-18 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Assembled stratum stress compensation servo steel frame system for controlling large deformation of tunnel |
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CN111502722A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-07 | 中铁七局集团有限公司 | Method for replacing arch by utilizing tunnel primary support arch replacing support structure |
CN114060066A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-02-18 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Assembled stratum stress compensation servo steel frame system for controlling large deformation of tunnel |
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