CN210877044U

CN210877044U - Mechanical loading creep age forming device

Info

Publication number: CN210877044U
Application number: CN201922036915.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 湛利华; 彭南辉; 徐永谦; 杨有良
Original assignee: Central South University
Current assignee: Central South University
Priority date: 2019-11-22
Filing date: 2019-11-22
Publication date: 2020-06-30
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-22

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mechanical loading creep age forming device, which comprises a frame, a loading device arranged on the frame and a mould arranged below the loading device; the loading device comprises a plurality of groups of loading hydraulic cylinders, wherein the extension directions of piston rods of two adjacent groups of loading hydraulic cylinders are different, the extension directions of the piston rods of a plurality of loading hydraulic cylinders in the same group are the same, and the lower ends of the plurality of piston rods are connected with a compression rod together; the mold includes a mold-shaped plate and a plurality of supporting means for supporting the mold-shaped plate. The utility model controls the extension length of the piston rods of different groups of loading hydraulic cylinders and adjusts the curvature of the mould surface by adjusting the height of each supporting device, so that the forming device can form various workpieces with different curvatures; the compression bar is adopted to apply loading force to the part to be formed, so that the possibility of internal defects of the part caused by the loading process is reduced. The utility model discloses simple structure, maneuverability is strong, and the practicality is high, and the finished piece steady quality takes shape.

Description

Mechanical loading creep age forming device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an aerospace manufacturing engineering technical field especially relates to a mechanical loading creep age forming device.

Background

With the development of aluminum alloy integral wall panels towards the direction of large curvature, high-rib and thin skin, the traditional normal-temperature forming methods such as brake pressing, roll bending, stretch forming, shot blasting and the like can not meet the precision formability manufacturing requirements of the integral wall panels. As a processing method suitable for forming an aluminum alloy integral wallboard, creep aging forming is a forming process which combines aging heat treatment and a forming process into a whole to synchronously realize the requirements of the appearance and the performance of a workpiece based on the characteristics of material creep and aging. Firstly, a workpiece is elastically deformed in a certain loading mode at normal temperature, and the deformation is kept; then putting the workpiece and the tool into heating equipment together for heat preservation for a period of time, so that the internal structure and the performance of the workpiece are changed, and part of elastic deformation is converted into plastic deformation.

In order to fix the object to be formed on the mold surface, a loading device is used to elastically deform the object to be formed. The chinese utility model patent CN102266887B discloses a die-shaped plate mechanical loading creep age forming device, the upper die of which adopts a dot matrix loading mode to ascend and descend and has a complex structure and inconvenient automatic control, and the supporting column and the workpiece are in point contact, and the workpiece to be formed is easy to generate internal damage in the loading process; the lower die is in a die-shaped plate type, so that the die is not easy to repair, and the forming adaptability to multi-curvature workpieces is poor. The chinese utility model patent application CN110052520A discloses a combined mechanical loading creep age forming device, wherein the male die and the female die are formed by hinging a plurality of bidirectional die-shaped plate connecting units; when the loading state is carried out, the curved surface shape of the die plate is not easy to control in the local combination between the male die and the female die, and the shape of the female die is difficult to ensure to be a target profile.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a mechanical loading creep age forming device to solve the problem that proposes in the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides a mechanical loading creep age forming device, which comprises a frame, a loading device arranged on the frame and a die arranged below the loading device; the rack comprises a cross beam, and the cross beam is provided with a through hole arranged along the vertical direction; the loading device comprises a guide rod movably penetrating through the through hole, a skirt-shaped support is arranged at the lower end of the guide rod, a plurality of groups of loading hydraulic cylinders are arranged on the skirt-shaped support, the extending directions of piston rods of two adjacent groups of loading hydraulic cylinders are different, the extending directions of the piston rods of a plurality of loading hydraulic cylinders in the same group are the same, the lower ends of the piston rods are connected with a compression rod together, and the loading hydraulic cylinders are used for applying pressure to a workpiece to be formed; two main hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the guide rod, the upper end and the lower end of each main hydraulic cylinder are fixedly connected with the cross beam and the skirt-shaped support respectively, and the main hydraulic cylinders are used for driving the guide rod, the skirt-shaped supports and the multiple groups of loading hydraulic cylinders to integrally move up and down; the die comprises a U-shaped base, at least one clamping plate, a plurality of supporting devices and a die-shaped plate are arranged in the U-shaped base, a plurality of clamping grooves matched with the supporting devices in number are formed in the top of the clamping plate, each supporting device comprises a supporting plate for supporting the die-shaped plate and a cover plate arranged above the supporting plate, the top surface of each supporting plate is arc-shaped along the thickness direction of the supporting plate, and the supporting plates are correspondingly inserted into the clamping grooves one by one and are fixedly connected with the U-shaped base through connecting pieces respectively; the cover plate is used for further clamping and fixing the workpiece to be formed after the workpiece to be formed is loaded by the loading hydraulic cylinder; the mould shaped plate includes the articulated unit shape lath that sets up of a plurality of long limits, and is a plurality of the length direction of unit shape lath is unanimous with a plurality of the length direction of pressure bar, the mould shaped plate sets up in a plurality of in the backup pad, and articulated two of head and the tail of the mould shaped plate that forms unit shaped lath respectively with two lateral walls of U type base are articulated.

Preferably, a trapezoidal platform-shaped cavity with an opening at the bottom is arranged in the skirt-shaped support, and the front surface and the rear surface of the cavity are vertically arranged; a plurality of groups of loading hydraulic cylinders are arranged in the cavity, and each group of loading hydraulic cylinders comprises two loading hydraulic cylinders symmetrically arranged on two vertical surfaces of the cavity; when the workpiece to be formed is formed, the extension lengths of the piston rods of the same group of loading hydraulic cylinders are consistent, and the extension lengths of the piston rods of the two adjacent groups of loading hydraulic cylinders are inconsistent.

Preferably, sliding sleeves fixedly arranged on the cross beam are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the guide rod, and the sliding sleeves are in sliding fit with the guide rod.

Preferably, the left side and the right side of the guide rod are symmetrically and vertically provided with guide rails arranged along the extending direction of the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder, and the sliding sleeve is provided with sliding grooves matched with the guide rails.

Preferably, the top of the cross beam is provided with a groove arranged along the length direction of the cross beam, and the sliding sleeve is fixedly arranged in the groove.

Preferably, the U-shaped base comprises a base frame and bases vertically arranged on two sides of the top of the base frame, two long round holes parallel to each other are formed in the top of the base frame, and the length direction of each long round hole is consistent with that of the clamping plate; and a plurality of joints are symmetrically arranged on the inner sides of the tops of the two bases and are hinged with the long edges of the unit-shaped laths on the outermost sides of the two ends of the die-shaped plate through hinge shafts.

Preferably, the connecting piece comprises two supporting bolts, the upper ends of the supporting bolts are fixedly connected with the supporting plates through slotted nuts, and the lower ends of the supporting bolts penetrate through the long round holes and then are fixed on the top plate of the base frame through two fixing nuts above and below the top plate of the base frame.

Preferably, the both ends of apron all are equipped with first connecting hole, the both ends of backup pad all be equipped with the second connecting hole that first connecting hole corresponds, the apron through run through in proper order the locking bolt of first connecting hole and second connecting hole with the backup pad is fixed.

Preferably, the clamping plate is provided with a ventilation opening extending along the length direction of the clamping plate below the clamping grooves.

Preferably, the outer surface of the pressure lever is wrapped with a rubber layer.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

(1) the utility model discloses a flexible length to the different groups loading pneumatic cylinder piston rod among the loading device is controlled, makes the panel of the adaptable different curvatures of loading device, reduce cost. The piston rod of the loading hydraulic cylinder can be finely adjusted in the vertical direction, so that the rough shape modification of the rebound of the to-be-formed piece is realized. Compare with prior art's vacuum pad pasting, adopt the utility model discloses loading device is to the reducible 30% earlier stage preparation time of controlling of aluminum alloy plate pressurization.

(2) The utility model applies load to the workpiece to be formed in a compression bar form, and the compression bar is in line contact with the surface of the workpiece, so that the possibility of internal defects of the workpiece caused by the loading process is reduced; and the rubber layer is wrapped on the outer surface of the pressure lever, so that the stress is stable during loading, and the defect of local deformation of a part to be formed is further overcome.

(3) The utility model adjusts the shape of the upper surface of the mould-shaped plate (namely the mould surface) by adjusting the height of each supporting device, and is suitable for the forming of various curvature parts by combining the mechanical loading mode of the loading device; meanwhile, the cover plate can inhibit the rebound of the workpiece, and the quality of the formed workpiece is stable.

(4) The utility model discloses a mechanical loading creep age forming device, simple structure, maneuverability is strong, and the practicality is high.

In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic axial view of a mechanical loading creep age forming apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a loading device in the mechanical loading creep age forming device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a loading unit of the mechanical loading creep age forming apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic axial view of a compression bar in the mechanical loading creep aging forming apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of a mold in the mechanical loading creep age forming apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the U-shaped base of the mechanical loading creep aging forming device according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the axis of the clamping plate in the mechanical loading creep aging forming device of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic axial view of a support device in the mechanical loading creep age forming apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of a mold plate in a mechanical loading creep age forming apparatus of the present invention (two unitary strip mold plates are shown for illustration only);

the device comprises a support 1, a support 1.1, a cross beam 1.1a, a groove 1.2, a support leg 2, a loading device 2.1, a guide rod 2.11, a guide rail 2.2, a skirt-shaped support 2.2a, a cavity 2.3, a main hydraulic cylinder 2.4, a loading hydraulic cylinder 2.5, a pressure rod 2.6, a sliding sleeve 2.6a, a sliding chute 3, a mold 3, a U-shaped base 3.1, a U-shaped base 3.11, a base frame 3.12, a base 3.13, a joint 3.1a, a long round hole 3.2, a clamping plate 3.2a, a clamping groove 3.2b, a ventilation opening 3.3, a support device 3.31, a support plate 3.32, a cover plate 3.33, a support bolt 3.34, a slotted nut 3.35, a fixing nut 3.36, a counter-screwing bolt 3.4, a mold shaped plate 3.41, a unit strip 3.42, an A shaped plate A and a hinge shaft to be formed.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.

Referring to fig. 1, the mechanical loading creep age forming device comprises a frame 1, a loading device 2 and a mould 3, wherein the loading device is arranged on the frame, and the mould is arranged below the loading device. The concrete structure is as follows: the frame includes crossbeam 1.1 and the landing leg 1.2 of setting in the both ends bottom of crossbeam, and the crossbeam is equipped with the through-hole that sets up along vertical direction, and recess 1.1a that sets up along its length direction is seted up at the top of crossbeam.

Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the loading device 2 includes a guide rod 2.1, a skirt-shaped bracket 2.2, a main hydraulic cylinder 2.3 and a plurality of groups of loading hydraulic cylinders 2.4, the guide rod is vertically arranged by penetrating through the through hole, the skirt-shaped bracket is fixedly installed at the lower end of the guide rod, a trapezoidal platform-shaped cavity 2.2a with an opening at the bottom is arranged in the skirt-shaped bracket, and the front and back surfaces of the cavity are vertical surfaces; the multiple groups of loading hydraulic cylinders are arranged in the cavity, and the extension directions of the piston rods of the two adjacent groups of loading hydraulic cylinders are different, but the extension directions of the piston rods of the multiple loading hydraulic cylinders in the same group are the same. Each group of loading hydraulic cylinders comprises two loading hydraulic cylinders symmetrically arranged on the vertical surface of the cavity, piston rods of the loading hydraulic cylinders are positioned outside the cavity or can extend out of the cavity through the bottom opening of the cavity, and the loading hydraulic cylinders are used for applying pressure to the workpiece A to be formed. Two main hydraulic cylinders 2.3 are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the guide rod, the cylinder bodies of the main hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected with the lower surface of the cross beam, and piston rods of the main hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected with the upper surface of the skirt-shaped support; the main hydraulic cylinder is used for driving the guide rod 2.1, the skirt-shaped support 2.2 and the plurality of groups of loading hydraulic cylinders 2.4 to integrally move up and down along the through hole. The structure realizes rough loading adjustment of the aluminum alloy plate by up-and-down movement of the main hydraulic cylinder, and realizes pressure loading of a detailed part by adjusting the piston rod of the loading hydraulic cylinder, thereby realizing pressurization of the plate. The structure controls the telescopic lengths of the piston rods of different groups of loading hydraulic cylinders in the loading device, so that the loading device can adapt to plates with different curvatures, and the cost is reduced.

As shown in fig. 5 to 8, the mold 3 includes a U-shaped base 3.1, two clamping plates 3.2, a plurality of supporting devices 3.3 and a mold-shaped plate 3.4 are arranged in the U-shaped base, and a plurality of clamping grooves 3.2a are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the top of the clamping plates; the supporting device comprises a supporting plate 3.31 used for supporting the mold-shaped plate and a cover plate 3.32 arranged above the supporting plate, the top surface of the supporting plate is arc-shaped along the thickness direction, and two ends of each supporting plate are respectively inserted into a certain clamping plate groove 3.2a of the clamping plate downwards, so that the supporting plates parallel to the multiple blocks are perpendicular to the surfaces of the two clamping plates. And the cover plate is used for clamping the mold-shaped plate and the to-be-formed part after the loading hydraulic cylinder loads the to-be-formed part A and then further clamping and fixing the to-be-formed part. After the clamping plate and the supporting plate are clamped in the structural arrangement, the clamping plate and the supporting plate can be welded and fixed.

Referring to fig. 9, the mold plate 3.4 includes a plurality of unit-shaped strips 3.41, the long sides of the plurality of unit-shaped plates are hinged by hinge shafts 3.42, the length directions of the plurality of unit-shaped strips are the same as the length directions of the plurality of pressing rods, and the head and the tail of the mold plate are hinged to the two side walls of the U-shaped base respectively. As shown in fig. 6, the U-shaped base includes a base frame 3.11 and bases 3.12 vertically disposed on both sides of the top of the base frame, the top of the base frame is provided with two oblong holes 3.1a parallel to each other, and the length direction of the oblong holes is consistent with the length direction of the clamping plates; the inner sides of the tops of the two bases are symmetrically provided with a plurality of joints 3.13, and the joints are hinged with the long sides of the head and tail two unit-shaped laths of the mould-shaped plate through hinge shafts 3.42. Specifically, the unit-shaped laths are stainless steel laths. In this embodiment, the number of groups of the loading hydraulic cylinders 2.4 and the number of the supporting devices 3.3 can be specifically set according to the size and curvature of the workpiece, so that the plate can be better attached to the mold plate. When a workpiece is formed, the extension lengths of the piston rods of the multiple groups of loading hydraulic cylinders 2.4 are different, but the extension lengths of the piston rods of each group of oil cylinders are the same, and the lower end of the piston rod of each group of oil cylinders 24 is connected with a pressure bar 2.5 together, namely, the length directions of the multiple pressure bars are all perpendicular to the length direction of the molded surface of the die. Before the main hydraulic cylinder is used for applying pressure downwards, the length of the piston rod of each group of loading hydraulic cylinders is adjusted to be matched with the curved surface of the molded surface of the mold. In the utility model, a plurality of pressure bars and the aluminum alloy workpiece are pressed down in a direct line contact mode, so that the possibility of internal defects of the workpiece caused by the loading process can be reduced; the rubber layer is wrapped on the outer ring of the compression bar, so that the stress of the to-be-formed part is stable during loading, and the defect of local deformation of the to-be-formed part is overcome.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, sliding sleeves 2.6 fixedly arranged in the grooves are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the guide rod, and the sliding sleeves are fixedly arranged on the cross beam and can be in sliding fit with the guide rod. The left and right sides symmetry of guide arm is vertical to be equipped with guide rail 2.11, and the guide rail sets up along the piston rod direction of stretching out of master cylinder, and one side that two sliding sleeves and guide arm are close to all is equipped with the spout 2.6a with guide rail looks adaptation.

As shown in fig. 8, the connecting member includes two support bolts 3.33, the upper ends of the two support bolts are respectively fixedly connected with the support plate through two slotted nuts 3.34, and the two slotted nuts are used for clamping the support plate in the thickness direction; the lower ends of the two supporting bolts are respectively inserted into the oblong holes and fixed on the top plate of the base frame through two fixing nuts 3.35 arranged above and below the top plate of the base, so that the plate surface of the supporting plate 3.31 is perpendicular to the length direction of the oblong holes 3.1 a. In the structural arrangement, the base frame is arranged into an upper layer plate structure and a lower layer plate structure, and a certain distance is arranged between a top plate and a bottom plate of the base frame, so that the up-and-down adjustment of the supporting bolt is facilitated; the combination of the fixing nut 3.35 and the supporting bolt 3.33 is used to adjust the height of the supporting bolt so that the curvature of the mould-shaped plate 3.4 conforms to the target curvature.

In a specific embodiment, both ends of the cover plate are provided with first connecting holes, both ends of the support plate are provided with second connecting holes corresponding to the first connecting holes, and the cover plate is fixed with the support plate through the pair of bolts 3.35 which sequentially penetrate through the first connecting holes and the second connecting holes.

In a specific implementation mode, the vent 3.2b extending along the length direction of the clamping plate is formed in the clamping plate and below the clamping grooves so as to guarantee the aging forming process and enable the workpiece to be heated uniformly.

In a specific embodiment, the outer surface of the compression bar is wrapped with a rubber layer, so that the compression bar is stressed stably during loading, and the defect of local deformation of a part to be formed is overcome.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The mechanical loading creep age forming device is characterized by comprising a machine frame (1), a loading device (2) arranged on the machine frame and a die (3) arranged below the loading device;

the rack comprises a cross beam (1.1), and the cross beam is provided with a through hole arranged along the vertical direction;

the loading device comprises a guide rod (2.1) movably penetrating through the through hole, a skirt-shaped support (2.2) is arranged at the lower end of the guide rod, a plurality of groups of loading hydraulic cylinders (2.4) are arranged on the skirt-shaped support, the extension directions of piston rods of two adjacent groups of loading hydraulic cylinders are different, the extension directions of the piston rods of the multiple loading hydraulic cylinders in the same group are the same, the lower ends of the piston rods of the multiple loading hydraulic cylinders in the same group are connected with a pressure rod (2.5) together, and the loading hydraulic cylinders are used for applying; two main hydraulic cylinders (2.3) are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the guide rod, the upper end and the lower end of each main hydraulic cylinder are fixedly connected with the cross beam and the skirt-shaped support respectively, and the main hydraulic cylinders are used for driving the guide rod (2.1), the skirt-shaped supports (2.2) and the multiple groups of loading hydraulic cylinders (2.4) to integrally move up and down;

the die comprises a U-shaped base (3.1), at least one clamping plate (3.2), a plurality of supporting devices (3.3) and a die-shaped plate (3.4) are arranged in the U-shaped of the U-shaped base, a plurality of clamping grooves (3.2a) matched with the supporting devices in number are formed in the top of the clamping plate, each supporting device comprises a supporting plate (3.31) used for supporting the die-shaped plate and a cover plate (3.32) arranged above the supporting plate, the top surface of the supporting plate is arc-shaped along the thickness direction, and the supporting plates are correspondingly inserted into the clamping grooves one by one and are fixedly connected with the U-shaped base through connecting pieces respectively; the cover plate is used for further clamping and fixing the workpiece to be formed after the loading hydraulic cylinder loads the workpiece (A) to be formed; the mould shaped plate includes articulated unit shape lath (3.41) that set up of a plurality of long limits, and is a plurality of the length direction of unit shape lath is unanimous with a plurality of the length direction of pressure bar, the mould shaped plate sets up a plurality of in the backup pad, and articulated two of head and the tail of the mould shaped plate that forms unit shaped lath respectively with two lateral walls of U type base are articulated.

2. The mechanically loaded creep age forming apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the skirt support is internally provided with a trapezoidal platform-shaped cavity (2.2a) with an open bottom, and the front and back surfaces of the cavity are vertically arranged; a plurality of groups of loading hydraulic cylinders (2.4) are arranged in the cavity, and each group of loading hydraulic cylinders comprises two loading hydraulic cylinders symmetrically arranged on two vertical surfaces of the cavity; when the workpiece (A) to be formed is formed, the extension lengths of the piston rods of the same group of loading hydraulic cylinders are consistent, and the extension lengths of the piston rods of the two adjacent groups of loading hydraulic cylinders are inconsistent.

3. The mechanical loading creep age forming device according to claim 1, wherein sliding sleeves (2.6) fixedly arranged on the cross beam are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the guide rod, and the sliding sleeves are in sliding fit with the guide rod.

4. The mechanical loading creep age forming device according to claim 3, wherein the left and right sides of the guide rod are symmetrically and vertically provided with guide rails (2.11) arranged along the extending direction of the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder, and the sliding sleeve is provided with sliding grooves (2.6a) matched with the guide rails.

5. The mechanical loading creep age forming device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the top of the beam is provided with a groove (1.1a) arranged along the length direction thereof, and the sliding sleeve is fixedly arranged in the groove.

6. The mechanical loading creep age forming device according to claim 1, wherein the U-shaped base comprises a base frame (3.11) and bases (3.12) vertically arranged at two sides of the top of the base frame, two long round holes (3.1a) parallel to each other are formed in the top of the base frame, and the length direction of the long round holes is consistent with the length direction of the clamping plates; and a plurality of joints (3.13) are symmetrically arranged on the inner sides of the tops of the two bases, and are hinged with the long edges of the outermost unit-shaped laths at the two ends of the die-shaped plate through hinged shafts (3.42).

7. The mechanical loading creep age forming apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the connecting member comprises two support bolts (3.33), the upper ends of the support bolts are fixedly connected with the support plate through slotted nuts (3.34), and the lower ends of the support bolts penetrate through the slotted holes and then are fixed on the top plate of the base frame through two fixing nuts (3.35) above and below the top plate of the base frame.

8. The mechanically loaded creep age forming apparatus of claim 1 wherein the cover plate has first connection holes at both ends thereof, the support plate has second connection holes at both ends thereof corresponding to the first connection holes, and the cover plate is fixed to the support plate by locking bolts sequentially passing through the second connection holes and the first connection holes.

9. The mechanical loading creep age forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the card board is provided with ventilation openings (3.2b) extending along the length direction of the card board below the plurality of card slots.

10. The mechanically loaded creep age forming apparatus of claim 1 wherein the outer surface of the pressure bar is wrapped with a rubber layer.