CN210867160U - General type protection circuit - Google Patents
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- CN210867160U CN210867160U CN201922218818.1U CN201922218818U CN210867160U CN 210867160 U CN210867160 U CN 210867160U CN 201922218818 U CN201922218818 U CN 201922218818U CN 210867160 U CN210867160 U CN 210867160U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the utility model provides a general type protection circuit is related to, including electric control device, first resistance, second resistance, first diode, second diode, stabilivolt, first electrolytic capacitor, opto-coupler device, power input end and output, the output is used for being connected with the load. When the load has voltage, current, overtime work, electric leakage and other abnormalities in the use process, the resistance of the second resistor can be reduced through the optocoupler, the current of the direct current loop is increased, the voltage flowing through the coil of the electric control device reaches the driving voltage, the electric control device starts to cut off the power supply to the load, the whole load is in a power-off state, and potential safety hazards caused by load abnormality are effectively prevented. The universal protection circuit can be automatically recovered after the electrical appliance plug of the load is unplugged or the load power supply is completely cut off, so that the safety of the universal protection circuit is improved. The technical problems that the power supply of the existing electric equipment or electric appliance is not cut off when the existing electric equipment or electric appliance is abnormal, and potential safety hazards caused by the electric equipment or electric appliance in the abnormal process are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electrical apparatus protection circuit technical field especially relates to a general type protection circuit.
Background
In view of some unstable factors existing in the power circuit, the existing electric equipment or appliance is designed to prevent such unstable factors from affecting the circuit effect, and is called as a protection circuit. The existing protection circuit comprises protection circuits such as overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, overheat protection, no-load protection, short-circuit protection and the like.
The reset in the protection circuit is divided into automatic (active) reset and artificial (passive) reset, most of the passively reset protection circuits have a reset switch, the structure is basically a mechanical structure, but most of the market passive reset protection circuits often have the abnormity of automatic reset, such as a current protection type switch, the structure is that a double-layer or a plurality of layers of metal sheets with different thermal expansion coefficients are synthesized in the switch, when the current passing through the metal sheets is overlarge, the metal sheets can generate heat and expand and deform instantly to trigger the contact to be disconnected and protect the rear part circuit to be powered off, but because the metal sheets belong to a physical structure, when the temperature is reduced, the risk of automatic reset exists, the power supply is cut off when the plug of the protected electric equipment or electric appliance is unplugged, and certain potential safety hazards exist when the electric equipment or the electric appliance is forgotten to maintain or remove faults.
Therefore, in view of the above situations, how to use the electric equipment or the electric appliance to automatically cut off the main power supply of the electric appliance when the electric equipment or the electric appliance has voltage, current, working overtime, electric leakage and other abnormalities in the using process, so that the whole electric appliance is in a power-off state, and preventing potential safety hazards caused by the abnormality of the electric equipment or the electric appliance becomes an important technical problem to be solved urgently by the technical staff in the field.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An embodiment of the utility model provides a general type protection circuit for do not have the cut-off power supply when solving current consumer or electrical apparatus anomaly, handle the technical problem of the potential safety hazard that abnormal process consumer or electrical apparatus brought.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a general protection circuit is applied to electric equipment or electric appliances and comprises a direct current loop, an electric control device, a second resistor, a voltage regulator tube, a first electrolytic capacitor, an optocoupler device, a power supply input end and an output end, wherein the direct current loop comprises a first resistor, a first diode and a second diode;
the first end of the electric control device is connected with the first end of the power input end, the second end of the electric control device is connected with the output end, the voltage-stabilizing tube and the first electrolytic capacitor are respectively connected with the third end and the fourth end of the electric control device in parallel, the third end of the electric control device is also connected with the cathode of the first diode, the anode of the first diode is connected with the first resistor in series and is connected with the first end of the power input end, the second end of the power input end is respectively connected with the anode of the second diode and the first end of the second resistor, the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the first electrolytic capacitor, the second end of the second resistor is connected with the cathode of the first electrolytic capacitor, and the first end of the optical coupler device is connected with the second resistor in parallel;
wherein the output terminal is used for connecting with a load.
Preferably, the electrical control device is a relay.
Preferably, the general protection circuit further comprises a current detection circuit and a voltage dependent resistor; the second end of opto-coupler device with current detection circuit connects, current detection circuit's input with the output is connected, current detection circuit's output is established ties the load with power input end's second end is connected, piezo-resistor with power input end parallel connection.
Preferably, the current detection circuit comprises a transformer, a fourth diode connected with the secondary winding of the transformer in parallel, a second electrolytic capacitor and a fifth resistor, wherein the cathode of the fourth diode is connected with the anode of the third diode, and the cathode of the third diode is connected with the anode of the second electrolytic capacitor.
Preferably, the general protection circuit further includes an overtime protection circuit, and the overtime protection circuit is connected to the output terminal, the second terminal of the power input terminal, and the second terminal of the optocoupler respectively.
Preferably, the timeout protection circuit includes a micro control unit and a bridge rectifier bridge connected to the micro control unit, the micro control unit is further connected to the second end of the optocoupler, and the input end of the bridge rectifier bridge is connected to the second end of the output end and the second end of the power input end respectively.
Preferably, the general protection circuit further includes a leakage protection circuit, and the leakage protection circuit is connected to the output terminal, the second terminal of the power input terminal, and the second terminal of the optocoupler device, respectively.
Preferably, the leakage protection circuit comprises a leakage coil, a bridge rectifier bridge, a leakage chip and a triode, wherein the second end of the power input end penetrates through the leakage coil and is respectively connected with the first end of the bridge rectifier bridge and the first end of the load, the output end penetrates through the leakage coil and is respectively connected with the second end of the bridge rectifier bridge and the second end of the load, the third end of the bridge rectifier bridge is connected with the power end of the leakage chip, the control end of the leakage chip is connected with the base electrode of the triode, the collector electrode of the triode is connected with the second end of the optocoupler, and the fourth end of the bridge rectifier bridge and the emitter electrode of the triode are both grounded.
The utility model also provides a general protection circuit, is applied to consumer or electrical apparatus, including direct current return circuit, electric control device, second resistance, stabilivolt, first electrolytic capacitor, power input end and output end, direct current return circuit includes first resistance, first diode and second diode;
the first end of the electric control device is connected with the first end of the power input end, the second end of the electric control device is connected with the output end, the voltage-regulator tube and the first electrolytic capacitor are respectively connected with the third end and the fourth end of the electric control device in parallel, the third end of the electric control device is also connected with the cathode of the first diode, the anode of the first diode is connected with the first resistor in series and is connected with the first end of the power input end, the second end of the power input end is respectively connected with the anode of the second diode and the first end of the second resistor, the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the first electrolytic capacitor, and the second end of the second resistor is connected with the cathode of the first electrolytic capacitor;
wherein the output terminal is used for connecting with a load.
Preferably, the electrical control device is a relay.
According to the technical solution provided by the utility model, the embodiment of the utility model has the following advantage:
1. the output end of the universal protection circuit is used for being connected with a load through an electric control device, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first diode, a second diode, a voltage regulator tube, a first electrolytic capacitor, an optocoupler device, a power supply input end and an output end, and the voltage of the second resistor is adjusted through the optocoupler device to control the current of a direct current loop, so that the voltage of a coil of the electric control device is controlled to realize the turning on or off of the electric control device, and whether the power supply of the load is cut off is achieved. When the load has voltage, current, working overtime, electric leakage and other abnormalities in the use process, the resistance of the second resistor can be reduced through the optocoupler, and the current of the direct current loop is increased, so that the voltage flowing through the coil of the electric control device reaches the driving voltage, the coil of the electric control device is driven to start and cut off to supply power to the load, the whole load is in a power-off state, and potential safety hazards caused by load abnormality are effectively prevented. The general protection circuit is provided with a passive reset function, when the general protection circuit is triggered, the whole general protection circuit can be recovered only after the fire or zero line of a main power supply of a load is cut off, so that the potential safety hazard caused by automatic reset of other types of protection electronic devices in the abnormal process of processing the power supply forgotten to be pulled out when the load is abnormal can be effectively prevented, and the technical problems that the power supply is not cut off when the existing electric equipment or electric appliance is abnormal and the potential safety hazard caused by the electric equipment or electric appliance in the abnormal process of processing can be solved;
2. compared with the existing current protection circuit, the universal protection circuit can be automatically recovered only after the plug of the electrical appliance of the load is unplugged or the power supply of the load is completely cut off, so that the safety of the universal protection circuit is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a general protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the general protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a third embodiment of the general protection circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a fourth embodiment of the general protection circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a fifth embodiment of a general protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the application provides a general type protection circuit for solve current consumer or electrical apparatus do not have the power cut off when unusual, handle the technical problem of the potential safety hazard that the consumer or electrical apparatus brought among the unusual process.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment of the utility model provides a general type protection circuit is applied to consumer or electrical apparatus, and household electrical appliances such as mainly used refrigerator, TV, air conditioner, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is the utility model provides a general type protection circuit embodiment a circuit schematic diagram.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a general type protection circuit, including direct current circuit, electric control device RLY, second resistance R2, stabilivolt ZD1, first electrolytic capacitor C1, opto-coupler device U1, power input end and output OUT-L, direct current circuit includes first resistance R1, first diode D1 and second diode D2;
the first end of the electric control device RLY is connected with the first end IN-L of the power input end, the second end of the electric control device RLY is connected with the output end OUT-L, the voltage regulator tube ZD1 and the first electrolytic capacitor C1 are respectively connected with the third end and the fourth end of the electric control device RLY IN parallel, the third end of the electric control device RLY is further connected with the cathode of a first diode D1, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with a first resistor R1 IN series and is connected with the first end IN-L of the power input end, the second end N of the power input end is respectively connected with the anode of a second diode D2 and the first end of a second resistor R2, the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected with the anode of the first electrolytic capacitor C1, the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the cathode of the first electrolytic capacitor C1, and the first end of the optical coupler U1 is connected with the second resistor R2.
It should be noted that the electric control device RLY may be a normally closed relay, and may also be another electric control device having the same operation principle as the relay. The second end N of the power input end is a zero line of the power supply, and the first end IN-L and the output end OUT-L of the power input end are live lines of the power supply. The output terminal OUT-L is connected to a load. The second end of the optical coupler device U1 is pins 1 and 2 of the optical coupler device U1, and the first end of the optical coupler device U1 is pins 4 and 6 of the optical coupler device U1.
The utility model discloses the electronic components of general type protection circuit design are few to be applicable to the circuit protection of any classification, the protection of difference classification only changes its front end trigger signal both can. The universal protection circuit can be arranged on a circuit board, and can also be arranged in the circuit board of a power supply or a controller of an electric appliance.
The utility model discloses opto-coupler device U1 still is connected with the controller, and the controller is used for triggering opto-coupler device U1's work. The controller can be a single chip microcomputer or a circuit capable of starting the optocoupler U1 to work.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a general type protection circuit's theory of operation is: the electric control device RLY is preferentially connected IN series IN a power supply live wire, the first end of the electric control device RLY is connected with the first end IN-L of the power supply input end, the second end of the electric control device RLY is connected with the output end OUT-L, and the output end OUT-L is connected with a load. When the protection circuit works normally, the contact of the electric control device RLY is attracted, the first end IN-L of the power input end is communicated with the output end OUT-L, when the protection circuit is triggered, the coil of the electric control device RLY is started, the contact of the electric control device RLY is disconnected through an internal mechanical structure, and the live wire power supply of an electric appliance is cut off. A circuit holding control device RLY in the whole general protection circuit keeps a contact disconnection state, and can be recovered only when the whole general protection circuit is completely powered off.
The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the first end IN-L of the power input end, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the anode of the first diode D1, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected with the second end N of the power input end, the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected with the cathode of the first diode D1 to form a simple resistor for voltage reduction and rectification into direct current voltage and form a direct current loop, and the second resistor R2 is connected IN series with the cathode end of the direct current loop to play a role IN current limiting. The pins 4 and 6 of the direct current loop and the optical coupler U1 are connected in parallel. The voltage regulator tube ZD1 and the first electrolytic capacitor C1 are connected in parallel at two ends of a coil of the electric control device RLY, and the two ends are respectively a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the direct current loop after the voltage of the second resistor R2 is reduced. The first electrolytic capacitor C1 has the function of filtering and storing electric energy, so that the voltage of the coil of the electric control device RLY can be stabilized, and the voltage regulator tube ZD1 can control the voltage of the coil of the electric control device RLY within a safe range to prevent the coil of the electric control device RLY from being damaged due to overhigh voltage. It should be noted that the dc circuit is mainly used for supplying driving power to the coils of the electric control device RLY.
When the universal protection circuit is not triggered, the voltage or the current at two ends of the electric control device RLY can only maintain the state of the relay but cannot trigger the electric control device RLY to work, and when a load is in an abnormal state such as voltage, current, overtime and electric leakage, the internal photodiode of the universal protection circuit can be lightened through the controller connected with pins 1 and 2 of the optocoupler U1, and pins 4 and 6 of the optocoupler U1 are triggered to be conducted. At this time, the resistance across the second resistor R2 decreases, so that the current of the dc loop increases. The voltage at the two ends of the coil of the electric control device RLY accords with the driving voltage of the electric control device RLY, the coil of the electric control device RLY is started, the contact of the electric control device RLY is disconnected through an internal mechanical structure, and the live wire power supply of the load is cut off.
Because the circuit connected with the load is open, the load is in a non-power state, the voltages of the pins 1 and 2 of the optical coupler device U1 disappear (namely no voltage exists), the pins 4 and 6 of the optical coupler device U1 form a high-resistance state, the universal protection circuit continuously forms a direct current loop through the second resistor R2, the voltage and the current of the whole direct current loop continuously maintain the coil of the electric control device RLY in a working state, and the contact of the electric control device RLY is kept disconnected.
It should be noted that, the general protection circuit properly adjusts the specifications of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2 and the voltage regulator ZD1 by electrically controlling the coil parameters of the device RLY, so that the circuit has the voltage or current for triggering and maintaining the coil of the electrically controlled device RLY.
The utility model provides a pair of general type protection circuit passes through the electric control device, first resistance, second resistance, first diode, second diode, stabilivolt, first electrolytic capacitor, opto-coupler device, power input and output, and the output is used for being connected with the load, and the current through the voltage control direct current return circuit of opto-coupler device adjustment second resistance to the voltage of control current control device coil realizes opening or closing the electric control device, reaches and whether cuts off the load power supply. When the load has voltage, current, working overtime, electric leakage and other abnormalities in the use process, the resistance of the second resistor can be reduced through the optocoupler, and the current of the direct current loop is increased, so that the voltage flowing through the coil of the electric control device reaches the driving voltage, the coil of the electric control device is driven to start and cut off to supply power to the load, the whole load is in a power-off state, and potential safety hazards caused by load abnormality are effectively prevented. The general protection circuit also has a passive reset function, when the general protection circuit is triggered, the whole general protection circuit can be recovered only after the fire line or the zero line of the main power supply of the load is cut off, so that the potential safety hazard caused by automatic reset of other types of protection electronic devices in the abnormal process of processing the power supply forgotten to be pulled out when the load is abnormal can be effectively prevented, and the technical problems that the power supply is not cut off when the existing electric equipment or electric appliance is abnormal and the potential safety hazard caused by the electric equipment or the electric appliance in the abnormal process of processing can be solved.
Example two:
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the general protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment two increases current detection circuit and piezo-resistor VDR on the basis of the general type protection circuit that embodiment one provided, the utility model discloses load among the general type protection circuit is electronic type product, the utility model discloses the general type protection circuit mainly plays current protection's effect in the load. The existing load circuit mainly adopts three modes of a current fuse, a PTC mechanical current fuse and a PPTC thermistor to play a role in current protection. The electric products often have the condition of motor stalling in the use process, the fuse tube is easy to crack by adopting the traditional current fuse, the load can be continuously used after being sent for repair, and much inconvenience is caused to the use experience; the electric products often have the condition of motor stalling in the use process, if the plug is forgotten to be pulled out in the abnormal processing process due to the mechanical structure defect of the PTC mechanical current fuse, the PTC mechanical current fuse has certain self-resetting risk and has hidden danger to the safety of users; the electric products often have the motor locked-rotor condition in the use process, the PPTC thermistor does not have the two problems, but the working mode is physical change, and the whole circuit loop still has weak current after protection instead of isolation protection.
The universal protection circuit provided by the embodiment of the utility model also comprises a current detection circuit and a voltage dependent resistor VDR; the second end of the optocoupler U1 is connected with the current detection circuit, the input end of the current detection circuit is connected with the output end OUT-L, the output end of the current detection circuit is connected with the load in series and connected with the second end N of the power input end, and the piezoresistor VDR is connected with the power input end in parallel. The current detection circuit comprises a transformer CT1, a fourth diode D4 connected with the secondary winding of the transformer CT1 in parallel, a second electrolytic capacitor C2 and a fifth resistor R5, wherein the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected with the anode of a third diode D3, and the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected with the anode of the second electrolytic capacitor C2.
The transformer CT1 may be a T-type transformer or a ring-type transformer (passing through the transformer coil). And two ends of the fifth resistor R5 are connected with the optical coupler U1. The second end of the optical coupler device U1 is pins 1 and 2 of the optical coupler device U1, and the first end of the optical coupler device U1 is pins 4 and 6 of the optical coupler device U1.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a second general type protection circuit's theory of operation is:
the output end OUT-L is connected to a load after being connected with a transformer CT1 through an electric control device RLY of the general protection circuit. When the load works, the working current of the load flows through the transformer CT1, the transformer CT1 converts the current flowing through the transformer CT1 into voltage according to the electromagnetic induction principle, and the voltage is rectified into direct current through the third diode D3 and the fourth diode D4 and filtered by the second electrolytic capacitor C2.
When the current of the load is too high, the voltage converted by the current detection circuit is also increased, and the voltage of the current in the current detection circuit drives the optocoupler device U1 to light the photodiode in the optocoupler device U1 to be switched on. At this time, the resistance across the second resistor R2 decreases, and the current in the entire dc loop increases. The voltage at two ends of the coil of the electric control device RLY accords with the driving voltage of the electric control device RLY, the contact of the electric control device RLY is disconnected when the coil of the electric control device RLY is started through an internal mechanical structure, the connection of a load and an output end OUT-L is cut off, the whole load is in a non-electricity state, the voltage of a current detection circuit disappears, the voltage between pins 1 and 2 of the optical coupling device U1 disappears, pins 4 and 6 of the optical coupling device U1 form a high-resistance state, the general protection circuit continuously forms a loop through a second resistor R2, the voltage and the current of the whole loop continuously maintain the coil of the electric control device RLY in a working state, and the contact of the electric control device RLY is kept disconnected, so that the circuit in the load and electronic components of the general protection circuit cannot damage the device due to the increase. Compared with the existing current protection circuit, the universal protection circuit can be automatically recovered only after the plug of the electrical appliance of the load is unplugged or the power supply of the load is completely cut off, so that the safety of the universal protection circuit is improved.
Example three:
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a third embodiment of the general protection circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment three is based on the general type protection circuit that embodiment one provided increases overtime protection circuit on the basis, the utility model discloses load among the general type protection circuit of embodiment mainly is the electrical heating type, like toaster, insulating pot etc. the utility model discloses the general type protection circuit of embodiment mainly plays overtime protection's effect in the load. Most of the existing load protection circuits are not provided with overtime protection circuits, when a circuit device of a load is abnormal or due to external abnormal conditions, the load may be in a working state all the time, and electronic components in the load are heated to cause fire hazard after long-time working.
Therefore, the universal protection circuit of the embodiment of the present invention further includes an overtime protection circuit, and the overtime protection circuit is respectively connected to the output terminal OUT-L, the second terminal N of the power input terminal, and the second terminal of the optocoupler U1; the overtime protection circuit comprises a micro control unit MCU and a bridge rectifier bridge connected with the micro control unit MCU, the micro control unit is further connected with the second end of the optocoupler, and the input end of the bridge rectifier bridge is connected with the second ends of the output end and the power input end respectively.
It should be noted that the second end of the optical coupler device U1 is a pin 1 or 2 of the optical coupler device U1, and the first end of the optical coupler device U1 is a pin 4 or 6 of the optical coupler device U1. The overtime protection circuit can be a Micro Control Unit (MCU) or a clock circuit. When the load working time reaches the maximum limit, a Micro Control Unit (MCU) or an independent clock circuit in the load circuit triggers the second end of an optocoupler U1 in the universal protection circuit to light a photodiode in the universal protection circuit, and triggers the first end of an optocoupler U1 in the universal protection circuit to be conducted. At this time, the resistance across the second resistor R2 decreases, and the current of the entire dc loop increases. The voltage at two ends of the coil of the electric control device RLY accords with the driving voltage of the electric control device RLY, the contact of the electric control device RLY is disconnected when the coil of the electric control device RLY is started through an internal mechanical structure, the connection of a load and an output end OUT-L is cut off, the whole load is in a non-electricity state, the voltage of a current detection circuit disappears, the voltage between the second ends of the optical coupling devices U1 disappears, the first end of the optical coupling device U1 forms a high-resistance state, the general protection circuit continuously forms a loop through a second resistor R2, the voltage and the current of the whole loop continuously maintain the coil of the electric control device RLY in a working state, and the contact of the electric. And the power supply of the load is turned off, so that the protection effect is achieved, and the fire hazard situation is avoided. Compared with the existing load protection circuit, the universal protection circuit can be automatically recovered only after the plug of the load is unplugged or the power supply of the load is completely cut off, so that the safety of the universal protection circuit is improved.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a general type protection circuit in three is used for the toaster usually, because most toaster products do not have overtime or overheat protection on the market, the toaster product also receives the external influence very easily and blocks the unable normal resilience of lifting handle and cut off the power supply, causes the sustained heating and causes the potential safety hazard. The embodiment of the utility model provides a general type protection circuit IN three can fine avoid this type of potential safety hazard, and the power of the first end IN-L of complete disconnection power input for do not generate heat under the unusual circumstances appears IN the toaster, avoids the toaster to produce the voltage that has harm to the human body.
Example four:
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a fourth embodiment of the general protection circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fourth, increase current detection circuit and piezo-resistor VDR on the basis of the general type protection circuit that embodiment one provided, the utility model discloses load among the general type protection circuit mainly is the electrical home appliances product of heating water such as electric water heater, the utility model discloses the general type protection circuit of embodiment mainly plays earth leakage protection's effect in the load.
The utility model discloses general type protection circuit still includes the earth leakage protection circuit, and the earth leakage protection circuit is held with output OUT-L, power input end's second respectively and is connected with the second of opto-coupler device U1. The leakage protection circuit comprises a leakage coil L, a bridge rectifier bridge BD, a leakage chip U2 and a triode Q1, a second end N of a power input end penetrates through the leakage coil L to be connected with a first end of the bridge rectifier bridge BD and a first end of a load respectively, an output end OUT-L penetrates through the leakage coil L to be connected with a second end of the bridge rectifier bridge BD and a second end of the load respectively, a third end of the bridge rectifier bridge BD is connected with a power end of the leakage chip U2, a control end of the leakage chip U2 is connected with a base of the triode Q1, a collector of the triode Q1 is connected with a second end of an optocoupler U1, and a fourth end of the bridge rectifier bridge BD and an emitter of the triode Q1 are grounded.
It should be noted that the second end of the optical coupler device U1 is a pin 1 or 2 of the optical coupler device U1, and the first end of the optical coupler device U1 is a pin 4 or 6 of the optical coupler device U1.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a fourth general type protection circuit's theory of operation is:
the second end N of the power input end and the output end OUT-L penetrate through the leakage coil L, when the current passing through the leakage coil L is not 0 when the load leaks electricity, the leakage chip U2 detects that a leakage signal outputs a high level to drive the triode Q1, the triode Q1 is conducted, and the first end of the optocoupler U1 in the general protection circuit is triggered to be conducted. At this time, the resistance across the second resistor R2 decreases, and the current of the entire dc loop increases. The voltage at two ends of the coil of the electric control device RLY accords with the driving voltage of the electric control device RLY, the contact of the electric control device RLY is disconnected when the coil of the electric control device RLY is started through an internal mechanical structure, the connection of a load and an output end OUT-L is cut off, the whole load is in a non-electricity state, the voltage of a current detection circuit disappears, the voltage between the second ends of the optical coupling devices U1 disappears, the first end of the optical coupling device U1 forms a high-resistance state, the general protection circuit continuously forms a loop through a second resistor R2, the voltage and the current of the whole loop continuously maintain the coil of the electric control device RLY in a working state, and the contact of the electric. Compared with the existing load protection circuit, the universal protection circuit can be automatically recovered only after the plug of the load is unplugged or the power supply of the load is completely cut off, so that the safety of the universal protection circuit is improved.
Although many electric products in the market at present have an electric leakage protection function, such as an instant electric water heater, the working mode of the instant electric water heater is that a main control panel chip closes a heating body part of the water heater, and cannot completely close a power supply and a control circuit part of the whole electric appliance, and if the control circuit part is abnormal or electric leakage occurs, the control circuit part cannot be closed. The embodiment of the utility model provides an in general type protection circuit can close the power that provides for the load, make the circuit of load cut off the power supply completely, need artificially get rid of unusual could this general type protection circuit of automatic recovery, on electrical products was used in this general type protection circuit's design for electrical products uses safe and reliable more.
Example five:
fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a fifth embodiment of a general protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The utility model provides a general type protection circuit is applied to consumer or electrical apparatus, including direct current return circuit, electric control device RLY, second resistance R2, stabilivolt ZD1, first electrolytic capacitor C1, power input and output, direct current return circuit includes first resistance R1, first diode D1 and second diode D2;
the first end of the electric control device RLY is connected with the first end IN-L of the power input end, the second end of the electric control device RLY is connected with the output end OUT-L, a voltage-regulator tube ZD1 and a first electrolytic capacitor C1 are respectively connected with the third end and the fourth end of the electric control device RLY IN parallel, the third end of the electric control device RLY is further connected with the cathode of a first diode D1, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the first end of the power input end IN series through a first resistor R1, the second end N of the power input end is respectively connected with the anode of a second diode D2 and the first end of a second resistor R2, the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected with the anode of a first electrolytic capacitor C1, the second end of a second resistor R2 is connected with the cathode of a first electrolytic capacitor C1, and a piezoresistor VDR is connected with the power input end IN; the output terminal OUT-L is for connection to a load.
It should be noted that the electric control device RLY may be a normally closed relay, and may also be another electric control device having the same operation principle as the relay. The second end N of the power input end is a zero line of the power supply, and the first end IN-L and the output end OUT-L of the power input end are live lines of the power supply. The output terminal OUT-L is connected to a load. The power input end is connected with the piezoresistor VDR in parallel and then is electrically connected with alternating current. The alternating current is preferably 220V commercial power.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a five general type protection circuit's theory of operation is:
when the voltage of the alternating current is higher than the safety voltage of the load, the voltage of a loop of the general protection circuit rises, at the moment, an electric control device RLY coil can be driven, the electric control device RLY coil is started to disconnect a contact of the electric control device RLY through an internal mechanical structure, power supply to the load is cut off, electronic components in the load or other components connected with the load are prevented from being damaged due to overvoltage, and safety is guaranteed. After the voltage is stabilized, the universal protection circuit can be recovered by pulling out an electrical appliance plug of the load or completely cutting off a power supply of the load.
It should be noted that, when the protection voltage of the general protection circuit is 250V, the resistance of the first resistor R1 may be 3.5K 2W; the resistance of the second resistor R2 is 6.5K 2W.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.
Claims (10)
1. A general protection circuit is applied to electric equipment or electric appliances and is characterized by comprising a direct current loop, an electric control device, a second resistor, a voltage regulator tube, a first electrolytic capacitor, an optical coupler device, a power supply input end and an output end, wherein the direct current loop comprises a first resistor, a first diode and a second diode;
the first end of the electric control device is connected with the first end of the power input end, the second end of the electric control device is connected with the output end, the voltage-stabilizing tube and the first electrolytic capacitor are respectively connected with the third end and the fourth end of the electric control device in parallel, the third end of the electric control device is also connected with the cathode of the first diode, the anode of the first diode is connected with the first resistor in series and is connected with the first end of the power input end, the second end of the power input end is respectively connected with the anode of the second diode and the first end of the second resistor, the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the first electrolytic capacitor, the second end of the second resistor is connected with the cathode of the first electrolytic capacitor, and the first end of the optical coupler device is connected with the second resistor in parallel;
wherein the output terminal is used for connecting with a load.
2. The universal protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein said electrical control device is a relay.
3. The universal protection circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a current sensing circuit and a voltage dependent resistor; the second end of opto-coupler device with current detection circuit connects, current detection circuit's input with the output is connected, current detection circuit's output is established ties the load with power input end's second end is connected, piezo-resistor with power input end parallel connection.
4. The universal protection circuit according to claim 3, wherein the current detection circuit comprises a transformer, a fourth diode connected in parallel with the secondary winding of the transformer, a second electrolytic capacitor, and a fifth resistor, wherein a cathode of the fourth diode is connected to an anode of the third diode, and a cathode of the third diode is connected to an anode of the second electrolytic capacitor.
5. The universal protection circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a timeout protection circuit, the timeout protection circuit being connected to the output terminal, the second terminal of the power input terminal, and the second terminal of the optocoupler, respectively.
6. The protection circuit of claim 5, wherein the timeout protection circuit comprises a micro control unit and a bridge rectifier bridge connected to the micro control unit, the micro control unit is further connected to the second terminal of the optocoupler, and the input terminal of the bridge rectifier bridge is connected to the second terminal of the output terminal and the second terminal of the power input terminal, respectively.
7. The universal protection circuit as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a leakage protection circuit, wherein the leakage protection circuit is connected to the output terminal, the second terminal of the power input terminal, and the second terminal of the optocoupler respectively.
8. The universal protection circuit according to claim 7, wherein the leakage protection circuit comprises a leakage coil, a bridge rectifier, a leakage chip and a triode, the second end of the power input terminal passes through the leakage coil and is connected to the first end of the bridge rectifier and the first end of the load respectively, the output terminal passes through the leakage coil and is connected to the second end of the bridge rectifier and the second end of the load respectively, the third end of the bridge rectifier is connected to the power source terminal of the leakage chip, the control terminal of the leakage chip is connected to the base terminal of the triode, the collector terminal of the triode is connected to the second end of the optocoupler, and the fourth end of the bridge rectifier and the emitter of the triode are both grounded.
9. A general protection circuit is applied to electric equipment or electric appliances and is characterized by comprising a direct current loop, an electric control device, a second resistor, a voltage-regulator tube, a first electrolytic capacitor, a power supply input end and an output end, wherein the direct current loop comprises a first resistor, a first diode and a second diode;
the first end of the electric control device is connected with the first end of the power input end, the second end of the electric control device is connected with the output end, the voltage-regulator tube and the first electrolytic capacitor are respectively connected with the third end and the fourth end of the electric control device in parallel, the third end of the electric control device is also connected with the cathode of the first diode, the anode of the first diode is connected with the first resistor in series and is connected with the first end of the power input end, the second end of the power input end is respectively connected with the anode of the second diode and the first end of the second resistor, the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the first electrolytic capacitor, and the second end of the second resistor is connected with the cathode of the first electrolytic capacitor;
wherein the output terminal is used for connecting with a load.
10. The universal protection circuit according to claim 9, wherein said electrical control device is a relay.
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| CN201922218818.1U CN210867160U (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | General type protection circuit |
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| CN201922218818.1U CN210867160U (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | General type protection circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110752579A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-02-04 | 汉威泰(广州)电器制造有限公司 | General type protection circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110752579A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-02-04 | 汉威泰(广州)电器制造有限公司 | General type protection circuit |
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