CN210865305U - A device for atomic nucleus physics foundation experiment teaching - Google Patents
A device for atomic nucleus physics foundation experiment teaching Download PDFInfo
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- CN210865305U CN210865305U CN201921252420.3U CN201921252420U CN210865305U CN 210865305 U CN210865305 U CN 210865305U CN 201921252420 U CN201921252420 U CN 201921252420U CN 210865305 U CN210865305 U CN 210865305U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device for teaching atomic nucleus physical foundation experiments, which comprises a balance base; the supporting plate is fixed on the balance base, and length scales in the vertical direction are arranged in the middle of the supporting plate; the semi-circumference dial is fixed on the supporting plate, angle scales are arranged on the semi-circumference dial, and a threaded hole is formed in the circle center position of the semi-circumference dial; the angle slide rail is arranged on the semi-circumference dial disc; the fixed plate is provided with an adjustable fixing piece and a pointer, and the fixed plate can slide along the angle slide rail; the integrated detector is detachably fixed on the fixing plate through the adjustable fixing piece; the aluminum bar is detachably fixed on the semi-circumference dial through threads; the lifting platform is detachably fixed on the balance base through a lifting platform fixer on the balance base; the radioactive source box and the lead collimator are detachably fixed on the lifting table. The utility model is simple in operation, easily change spare part.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a nuclear physics basis experiment teaching field especially relates to a nuclear physics basis experiment teaching device that compound gamma energy spectrum measurement and demarcation, compton scattering effect are verified.
Background
The nuclear science and the nuclear technology are widely applied to the fields of energy, aerospace, medical treatment, sewage treatment, biological agriculture and the like. Along with the continuous development of society and science and technology, high-level nuclear science and nuclear technology talents are in more and more shortage. The high-level talent culture needs high-quality scientific research as a support, however, due to various reasons, China currently faces a serious talent shortage problem in the technical field of nuclear science.
In order to change the current situation, schools need to set up relevant theoretical courses and set up experimental courses suitable for the theoretical courses at the same time, atomic nuclear physics experimental methods are indispensable skills in the culture of nuclear technology professionals, wherein photon and substance interaction is important content in particle and substance interaction, and the important subject foundation is provided in radiation detection, radiation protection and nuclear medicine physical directions. In order to guarantee the safety of experimenters, most of the existing nuclear physics experiments adopt the exemption source to teach, so the development of a nuclear physics basic experiment teaching device based on the exemption source is indispensable.
The nuclear physics basic experiment lacks of standardized basic experiment apparatus, so that the experimental repeatability of students is poor, the experimental preparation process is complicated, and the like. Weiqiang forest et al proposed a multifunctional nuclear radiation experiment teaching device which can verify the performance of different types of radiation detectors and develop various radiation shielding experiments. However, this experimental apparatus cannot complete the measurement and calibration of gamma energy spectra of different radioactive sources within the scope of the claims, cannot consider the influence of source photons of different incident angles on energy spectrum distribution, and cannot explore the influence of scattering of different materials on gamma energy spectra, and further cannot perform basic nuclear physics experiments such as gamma energy spectrum measurement and energy calibration, peak calibration, measurement of scattering gamma energy spectra, and compton scattering experimental verification.
Aiming at the situation, it is particularly important to design a set of multifunctional nuclear physics basic experiment device matched with the modern experiment teaching. The utility model discloses done the extension on radiation shield surveys the experiment basis, richened experimental apparatus's function, simplified experiment operating procedure. The device can be used for carrying out gamma energy spectrum measurement, energy scales, peak-shaped scales, Compton scattering experiment verification and other multiple nuclear physics basic experiments. The device uses the exemption source to carry out the experiment teaching, experiences for the real experiment operation of student, has simplified experiment operation step simultaneously, avoids too much to introduce the link that leads to system measurement error.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model aims at providing a device for atomic nucleus physics basis experiment teaching, the device can effectively develop gamma energy spectrum measurement and multiple nuclear physics basis experiments such as demarcation, compton scattering experiment verification, improves the student and moves the ability, guarantees experiment teaching quality.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
an apparatus for atomic nucleus physics foundation experiment teaching, the apparatus comprising: balance base, backup pad, semi-circumference calibrated scale, angle slide rail, fixed plate, integration detector and aluminium bar. The supporting plate is fixed on the balance base, and length scales in the vertical direction are arranged in the middle of the supporting plate; the semi-circumference dial is fixed on the supporting plate, angle scales are arranged on the semi-circumference dial, and a threaded hole is formed in the circle center position of the semi-circumference dial; the angle slide rail is arranged on the semi-circumference dial disc; the fixed plate is provided with an adjustable fixing piece and a pointer, and the fixed plate can slide along the angle slide rail; the integrated detector is detachably fixed on the fixing plate through the adjustable fixing piece; the aluminum bar is detachably fixed on the semi-circumference dial through threads; the lifting platform is detachably fixed on the balance base through a lifting platform fixer on the balance base; the radioactive source box and the lead collimator are detachably fixed on the lifting table.
Preferably, in the above apparatus for teaching fundamental experiments of atomic nucleus physics, a length scale from 0cm to 50cm in the vertical direction is provided in the middle of the support plate.
Preferably, in the above apparatus for teaching basic nuclear physics experiments, the semi-circumferential scale disc is provided with angle scales from 0 ° to 180 °, and the center of the semi-circumferential scale disc is provided with a threaded hole.
Preferably, in the above apparatus for teaching fundamental experiments of nuclear physics, the bottom end of the fixing plate is provided with a pointer.
Preferably, the detector is an integrated solid detector, and comprises a sodium iodide probe, a photomultiplier and a digital multichannel analyzer.
Preferably, in the above device for teaching fundamental experiments of atomic nucleus physics, the bottom end of the aluminum rod is provided with a thread.
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: use the utility model provides an experimental apparatus carries out the teaching of multinomial nuclear physics foundation experiment, and the student can be very easy fixed vertical lift platform, places exempted from the level radioactive source to can the accurate distance of setting for between radioactive source and the detector, can conveniently change different radioactive sources simultaneously, measure the gamma energy spectrum of different radioactive sources and carry out the energy scale and the peak shape scale of gamma energy spectrum. The aluminum bar can be fixed at the center of the dial, and Compton scattering experiments of different rotation angles are verified by rotating the integrated detector fixed on the angle rotating disk. The utility model provides an experimental apparatus cost is lower, easy equipment, convenient to use, and relevant accessory also does benefit to the change simultaneously.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a front view of the effect schematic diagram of the device for teaching the atomic nucleus physical foundation experiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is the utility model relates to an effect schematic diagram oblique view of a device for atomic nucleus physics basic experiment teaching.
In the figure: 1-balance base, 2-support plate, 3-angle slide rail, 4-semi-circle dial, 5-fixing plate, 6-integrated detector, 7-lead collimator, 8-radioactive source box, 9-knob, 10-vertical lifting platform, 11-lifting platform fixer, 12-aluminum bar, 13-pointer, 14-adjustable firmware.
Detailed Description
An object of the utility model is to provide a device for atomic nucleus physics basis experiment teaching, the device is easy operation in the use, does benefit to the teaching, can effectively temper student's hands-on ability.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Therefore, those skilled in the art can make insubstantial modifications and adjustments to the experimental device based on the above disclosure, and still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an apparatus for basic nuclear physics experiment teaching provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes a balance base 1, a support plate 2, an angle slide rail 3, a semi-circle dial 4, a fixing plate 5, an integrated detector 6, a lead collimator 7, a radiation source box 8, a knob 9, a vertical lifting table 10, a lifting table fixer 11, an aluminum rod 12, a pointer 13, and an adjustable fastener 14. Wherein, the supporting plate 2 is fixed on the balance base 1, and the middle position of the supporting plate 2 is provided with length scales in the vertical direction for determining the distance between the radioactive source and the integrated detector 6. The semi-circumference dial 4 is fixed on the supporting plate 2, and the surface of the semi-circumference dial 4 is provided with angle scales for determining the rotating angle of the integrated detector 6. The aluminum bar 12 is detachably fixed at the circle center position of the semi-circumference dial 4 and is used for compton scattering experiment teaching. The angle slide rail 3 is arranged on the semi-circumference dial 4, the fixing plate 5 is arranged on the angle slide rail 3, the fixing plate 5 can freely slide on the angle slide rail 3 along the semi-circumference track, and the fixing plate 5 can be fixed at a certain angle. Two adjustable fixing parts 14 are arranged on the fixing plate 5 and used for fixing the integrated detector 6 on the fixing plate 5, and a pointer 13 is arranged at the bottom end of the fixing plate 5 and used for indicating the angle of the detector at the moment. The tail end of the integrated detector 6 is connected with a matched computer through a data line. The balance base 1 is provided with a lifting platform fixer 11, and the vertical lifting platform 10 can determine the position on the balance base 1 through the lifting platform fixer 11. The vertical lifting platform 10 is height-adjustable and can be fixed in height by a knob 9. The radioactive source is placed in a radioactive source box 8 in the middle of a vertical lifting table 10, a lead collimator 7 is arranged on the radioactive source box 8, and the radioactive source and the lead collimator 7 can be taken down from the vertical lifting table 10 after the experiment is completed and stored according to the regulations.
Use the embodiment of the utility model provides an experimental apparatus when teaching, the student only need adjust vertical lift platform 10 height to suitable position, then arrange radiation source and plumbous collimator 7 in vertical lift platform 10 on, place vertical lift platform 10 on balanced base 1 through elevating platform fixer 11 at last, next open the supporting computer that links to each other with integrated detector 6, measure through supporting multichannel software. If the Compton scattering experiment teaching is carried out, the aluminum bar 12 is only required to be fixed at the circle center position of the semi-circumference dial 4, then the angle of the detector is changed by rotating the fixing plate 5, the gamma energy spectrums at different angles are measured, and the gamma energy spectrums are compared with theoretical values.
For further understanding of the present invention, the experimental apparatus provided by the present invention is described below with reference to the embodiments 2 to 3, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following embodiments.
Example 2 Gamma Spectrum acquisition and energy scaling
Fixing the fixing plate 5 in the vertical direction, adjusting the height of the vertical lifting platform 10 to a proper position, and opening137And a Cs radioactive source cover, wherein the radioactive source is placed in the middle of the vertical lifting platform 10, and then the lead collimator 7 is placed. Is fixed by a lifting platformThe vertical lifting platform is placed on the balance base 1 by the device 11, and the centers of the radioactive source and the probe of the detector are positioned on a straight line.
The configuration file is opened to ensure that the detector has been connected to the serial port end of the acquisition module. And starting the acquisition module, opening the high-voltage module and preheating. The collection time is set to be 5min, and then the collection can be started. After the acquisition time is over, the acquisition module automatically stops counting, and the number of particles under different energies, namely the gamma energy spectrum, is reserved within 5min from beginning to end. The relation between the energy of the radioactive source and the peak road address can be established, and energy calibration is carried out. The relationship between full width at half maximum FWHM and energy can also be established, and peak-shaped scaling can be performed. Will be provided with137Withdrawing Cs and sequentially replacing214Am、60Co is used for energy spectrum acquisition and analysis, so that the energy spectrum characteristics of different radioactive sources can be explored, and the gamma spectrometer can be subjected to energy calibration.
Example 3 Compton Scattering Experimental validation
Adjust the vertical lift table 10 to the proper position, open137And (3) covering the Cs radioactive source, placing the radioactive source in the middle position of the vertical lifting table 10, placing the lead collimator 7, and then fixing the aluminum bar 12 on the semi-circumference dial 4. The vertical lifting platform 10 is placed on the balance base 1 through the lifting platform fixer 11, and the centers of the radioactive source and the probe of the detector are positioned on a straight line at the moment.
The fixed plate 5 is rotated, the pointer 13 is sequentially placed at 30 degrees, 60 degrees, 90 degrees and 120 degrees, and scattering gamma energy spectrums under different angles are measured. The pointer 13 is then placed at the 90 position, the aluminum rod 12 is removed, and the energy of the incident gamma spectrum is measured. The Compton effect can be verified by comparison with the theoretical value.
Finally, it should be noted that the present invention should not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by one skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. An apparatus for atomic nucleus physics basic experiment teaching, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a balance base, a support plate, a semi-circumferential dial, an angle slide rail, a fixed plate, an integrated detector and an aluminum bar; the supporting plate is fixed on the balance base, and length scales in the vertical direction are arranged in the middle of the supporting plate; the semi-circumference dial is fixed on the supporting plate, angle scales are arranged on the semi-circumference dial, and a threaded hole is formed in the circle center position of the semi-circumference dial; the angle slide rail is arranged on the semi-circumference dial disc; the fixed plate is provided with an adjustable fixing piece and a pointer, and the fixed plate can slide along the angle slide rail; the integrated detector is detachably fixed on the fixing plate through the adjustable fixing piece; the aluminum bar is detachably fixed on the semi-circumference dial through threads; the lifting platform is detachably fixed on the balance base through a lifting platform fixer on the balance base; the radioactive source box and the lead collimator are detachably fixed on the lifting table;
the middle of the supporting plate is provided with a length scale from 0cm to 50cm in the vertical direction;
the semi-circumference dial is provided with angle scales from 0 degree to 180 degrees, and the circle center of the semi-circumference dial is provided with a threaded hole;
the bottom end of the fixed plate is provided with a pointer;
the detector is an integrated solid detector and comprises a sodium iodide probe, a photomultiplier and a digital multi-channel analyzer;
the bottom end of the aluminum bar is provided with threads.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921252420.3U CN210865305U (en) | 2019-08-05 | 2019-08-05 | A device for atomic nucleus physics foundation experiment teaching |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921252420.3U CN210865305U (en) | 2019-08-05 | 2019-08-05 | A device for atomic nucleus physics foundation experiment teaching |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN210865305U true CN210865305U (en) | 2020-06-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201921252420.3U Active CN210865305U (en) | 2019-08-05 | 2019-08-05 | A device for atomic nucleus physics foundation experiment teaching |
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| CN (1) | CN210865305U (en) |
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2019
- 2019-08-05 CN CN201921252420.3U patent/CN210865305U/en active Active
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Address after: No.443 Huangshan Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230022 Patentee after: University of Science and Technology of China Address before: 230026 Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui Province, No. 96 Patentee before: University of Science and Technology of China |