CN210847255U - Agaricus bisporus grading system - Google Patents
Agaricus bisporus grading system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210847255U CN210847255U CN201921755776.9U CN201921755776U CN210847255U CN 210847255 U CN210847255 U CN 210847255U CN 201921755776 U CN201921755776 U CN 201921755776U CN 210847255 U CN210847255 U CN 210847255U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an agaricus bisporus grading system belongs to the automation equipment field. The device includes: a frame; the centrifugal feeding disc is arranged on the rack; a first conveyor belt, one end of which is connected with the centrifugal feed tray and is used for conveying mushrooms sent out from the centrifugal feed tray; the second conveying belt is positioned below the first conveying belt; the transition connecting cylinder is connected with the tail end of the first conveying belt and the front end of the second conveying belt; the image acquisition system is used for acquiring an image of the mushroom on the first conveying belt and judging the grade of the mushroom; the grading device is used for grading and removing mushrooms on the second conveying belt; and the control device is used for acquiring the mushroom grade information and controlling the action of the grading device. The utility model respectively collects and screens the images in the conveying process by the first conveying belt and the second conveying belt, and saves the floor area of the equipment by adopting a mode of upper and lower layers; the grading is realized through the grading device, and the grading efficiency can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an automation equipment field, in particular to agaricus bisporus grading system.
Background
Agaricus bisporus is also called white mushroom, agaricus bisporus, and is often called as common cultivated mushroom or button mushroom by production operators in Europe and America. Agaricus bisporus is a mushroom which is cultivated and consumed worldwide, is called as 'world mushroom', and can be sold fresh, canned and salted. The mycelium of Agaricus bisporus is also used as raw material for preparing medicine. The most cultivated agaricus bisporus in China is Fujian, Shandong, Henan, Zhejiang and other provinces. The cultivation methods include mushroom house cultivation, large shed frame cultivation, greenhouse ridge cultivation and the like. Different regions, different climatic conditions and different seasons can adopt cultivation modes suitable for the user. Has wide distribution and is generally cultivated in China. However, with the continuous development of the agaricus bisporus cultivation technology, the factory production of agaricus bisporus is realized at present, and the production can be realized continuously all the year round by controlling the environment of a mushroom house. The industrialized production of the agaricus bisporus can adjust the temperature, humidity and CO of a mushroom house2The concentration, the ventilation quantity and the like are accurately controlled, so that a very suitable growing environment is provided for the agaricus bisporus. The daily yield of the existing large-scale agaricus bisporus factory can reach hundreds of tons.
When the agaricus bisporus is produced and sold, the agaricus bisporus is generally subjected to grade screening according to parameters such as the size of a pileus, the incomplete condition, the browning degree and the like so as to obtain higher market price according to market demands. However, the industrial production of agaricus bisporus still adopts manual grading, so that the problems of huge labor capacity, non-uniform sorting specifications, low efficiency, continuously rising labor cost and the like exist, and the development of the post-production deep processing of agaricus bisporus is seriously restricted.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides an agaricus bisporus grading system can solve the problem that the work load that exists when carrying out the classified screening to the agaricus bisporus among the prior art is big, inefficiency.
An agaricus bisporus classification system comprising:
a frame;
the centrifugal feeding disc is arranged on the rack;
the first conveying belt is fixedly arranged on the rack, one end of the first conveying belt is connected with the centrifugal feeding disc, and the first conveying belt is used for conveying mushrooms sent out from the centrifugal feeding disc;
the second conveying belt is fixedly arranged on the rack and is positioned below the first conveying belt;
the transition connecting cylinder is connected to the tail end of the first conveying belt and the front end of the second conveying belt and is used for conveying the mushrooms conveyed on the first conveying belt to the second conveying belt;
the image acquisition system is used for acquiring an image of the mushroom on the first conveying belt and judging the grade of the mushroom;
the grading device is used for grading and removing mushrooms on the second conveying belt;
and the control device is used for acquiring the mushroom grade information and controlling the action of the grading device.
Preferably, the grading device comprises a photoelectric sensor and a sorting claw, the photoelectric sensor is arranged on the rack and used for detecting whether mushrooms exist on the second conveying belt, and the photoelectric sensor is in signal connection with the control device; the sorting claw comprises a sorting motor and a plurality of shifting rods, the shifting rods are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of an output shaft of the sorting motor, one end of each shifting rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the sorting motor, an included angle A is formed between the axial lead of the output shaft of the sorting motor and the vertical direction, and the shifting rods are used for removing mushrooms on the second conveying belt when rotating.
Preferably, the included angle a is 60 °, and the shift lever and the axial lead of the output shaft of the sorting motor form an included angle B of 120 °.
Preferably, the transition connecting cylinder is an arc connecting cylinder with a C-shaped structure.
Preferably, the mushroom turning device further comprises a turning device and a fixing frame, wherein the turning device comprises an infrared sensor, two oppositely arranged air cylinders and a baffle arranged at the output end of the air cylinders, the fixing frame is arranged on the rack, the two baffle plates are arranged in a splayed manner, one end, with a larger opening, of each baffle plate is fixedly connected to the fixing frame, when the air cylinders act, the opening angles of the free ends of the two baffle plates are controlled, and the infrared sensor is in signal connection with the control device and is used for detecting whether the mushrooms are turned; the mushroom image acquisition system comprises a mushroom acquisition system and an image acquisition system, wherein the mushroom acquisition system comprises a first image acquisition device and a second image acquisition device, the first image acquisition device is used for acquiring image information of one side of a mushroom, and the second image acquisition device is used for acquiring image information of the other side of the mushroom; the turnover device is positioned at the rear side of the first image acquisition device along the moving direction of the first conveying belt and at the front side of the second image acquisition device along the moving direction of the first conveying belt.
Preferably, the image acquisition device comprises a camera, a camera and a light source which are arranged on the rack, the camera and the light source are arranged in the camera, and the camera is in signal connection with the control device.
More preferably, the grading device is a plurality of grading devices which are uniformly arranged along the conveying direction of the second conveying belt.
The utility model provides an agaricus bisporus grading system, which respectively carries out image acquisition and grading screening in the conveying process through a first conveying belt and a second conveying belt, adopts a mode of upper and lower layers, and saves the floor area of equipment; the grading is realized through the grading device, and the grading efficiency can be improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an agaricus bisporus classification system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the turn-over apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a front view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the staging device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is an original image acquired by a camera;
FIG. 9 is a truncated original image;
FIG. 10 is an image to be extracted;
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a process of image segmentation;
FIG. 12 is a flow chart of image segmentation;
FIG. 13 is a flowchart of calculation of pileus area;
fig. 14 is a diagram showing an example of the process of S41;
fig. 15 is a flowchart of S41;
fig. 16 is a diagram showing an example of the process of browning screening.
Description of reference numerals:
10. the automatic sorting machine comprises a rack, 11, a first conveying belt, 12, a second conveying belt, 13, a transition connecting cylinder, 20, a centrifugal feeding disc, 30, a first image acquisition device, 31, a second image acquisition device, 40, a sorting claw, 41, a sorting motor, 42, a shifting rod, 43, a shifting piece, 50, a fixing frame, 51, an infrared sensor, 52, an air cylinder, 53 and a baffle.
Detailed Description
In the following, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the embodiment.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, an agaricus bisporus classification system provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:
a frame 10;
a centrifugal feed tray 20 disposed on the frame 10, wherein the centrifugal feed tray 20 is a feed tray in the prior art, and sequentially feeds out materials by using centrifugal force;
a first conveyor belt 11 fixedly installed on the frame 10, one end of which is connected with the centrifugal feed tray 20, for conveying mushrooms discharged from the centrifugal feed tray 20;
the second conveyer belt 12 is fixedly arranged on the frame 10 and is positioned below the first conveyer belt 11;
the transition connecting cylinder 13 is connected to the tail end of the first conveying belt 11 and the front end of the second conveying belt 12 and is used for conveying mushrooms conveyed on the first conveying belt 11 to the second conveying belt 12, the transition connecting cylinder 13 is a C-shaped arc connecting cylinder and is provided with a through cavity, the cavity is also in a C-shaped structure, when the mushrooms conveyed by the first conveying belt 11 move to the tail end of the first conveying belt 11, the mushrooms fall into the transition connecting cylinder 13, and under the action of gravity, the mushrooms slide onto the second conveying belt 12 through the transition connecting cylinder 13;
an image acquisition system for acquiring an image of the mushrooms on the first conveyor belt 11 and determining the grade of the mushrooms;
the grading device is used for grading and removing mushrooms on the second conveying belt 12;
and the control device is used for acquiring the mushroom grade information and controlling the action of the grading device.
Specifically, the grading device comprises a photoelectric sensor and a sorting claw 40, the photoelectric sensor is arranged on the frame 10 and is used for detecting whether mushrooms exist on the second conveying belt 12, and signals of the photoelectric sensor are connected to the control device; the sorting claw 40 comprises a sorting motor 41 and a plurality of shift levers 42, the shift levers 42 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of an output shaft of the sorting motor 41, one ends of the shift levers 42 are fixedly connected to the output end of the sorting motor 41, an included angle A is formed between the axial lead of the output shaft of the sorting motor 41 and the vertical direction, and the shift levers 42 are used for removing mushrooms on the second conveying belt 12 when rotating. Wherein, the included angle A is 60 degrees, the deflector rod 42 and the axial lead of the output shaft of the sorting motor 41 form an included angle B, and the included angle B is 120 degrees.
The mushrooms enter the first conveying belt 11 under the conveying of the centrifugal feeding plate 20, in the conveying process on the first conveying belt 11, when the mushrooms pass through the first image acquisition device 30, the first image acquisition device 30 acquires image information of the mushrooms and sends the image information to the processor, the processor judges the grades of the mushrooms according to a preset algorithm and sends the grades of the mushrooms to the control device, and the control device receives signals and controls the grading device. Since the mushrooms are conveyed in sequence, the mushrooms of which the grades are acquired and judged by the first image acquisition device 30 are sequentially conveyed to the second conveyor belt 12, and the mushrooms can be removed according to the grades by the grading device according to the sequence. Specifically, when mushrooms which are subjected to image information acquisition by the first image acquisition device 30 and are judged to be graded are conveyed to the second conveying belt 12, the mushrooms are detected by the photoelectric sensor, a signal is sent to the control device, the control device controls the grading device to act according to the received grade information, and when the mushrooms need to be rejected, the control device controls the sorting motor 41 to rotate, the sorting motor 41 drives the shifting rod 42 to rotate, the shifting rod 42 is just in a vertical state when rotating right above the second conveying belt 12, the mushrooms can be conveniently transferred to the recycling device on one side, wherein for better rejection of the mushrooms, a shifting piece 43 is further arranged at the end part, far away from the sorting motor 41, of the shifting rod 42, the shifting piece 43 and the shifting rod 42 are vertically arranged, the working area of the shifting rod 42 can be increased by the shifting piece 43, and the mushrooms can be. Different from the traditional push-off of an air pump, the grading device in the embodiment has no return stroke, so that the mushroom sorting cannot be influenced under the condition that the mushrooms are concentrated, and the omission is avoided.
Example two:
on the basis of the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 to 6, the present embodiment further includes a turnover device and a fixed frame 50, the turnover device includes an infrared sensor 51, two air cylinders 52 oppositely arranged, and a baffle 53 arranged at an output end of the air cylinders 52, the fixed frame 50 is arranged on the rack 10, the two baffles 53 are arranged in a splayed shape, one end of each baffle 53 with a larger opening is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 50, when the air cylinders 52 act, the baffle is used for controlling the opening angle of the free ends of the two baffles 53, and the infrared sensor 51 is in signal connection with the control device and is used for detecting whether the mushroom is turned over; the image acquisition system comprises a first image acquisition device 30 and a second image acquisition device 31, wherein the first image acquisition device 30 is used for acquiring image information of one side of the mushroom, and the second image acquisition device 31 is used for acquiring image information of the other side of the mushroom; the turn-over device is located at the rear side of the first image capturing device 30 in the moving direction of the first conveyor belt 11, and at the front side of the second image capturing device 31 in the moving direction of the first conveyor belt 11.
Specifically, the image acquisition device comprises a camera, a camera and a light source which are arranged on the frame 10, the camera and the light source are arranged in the camera, and the camera is connected to the control device through signals.
When the mushrooms are conveyed on the first conveyor belt 11 and move to the first image acquisition device 30 through the first image acquisition device 30, the first image acquisition device 30 shoots information on one side of the mushrooms and judges the grade of the mushrooms, then the mushrooms continue to act under the conveying of the first conveyor belt 11, when the mushrooms move to the turn-over device, because the sizes of the mushrooms are basically in one interval, the distance between the smaller opening ends of the two baffles 53 is set to be smaller than the outer diameter of the mushrooms, and the distance between the larger opening ends is larger than the outer diameter of the mushrooms, so that the mushrooms can smoothly enter between the two baffles 53, then when the mushrooms move to the position close to the smaller opening ends, the mushrooms contact the baffles 53 and are subjected to resistance, because of the special shapes of the mushrooms, the upper parts of the mushrooms contact the baffles 53, the bottoms of the mushrooms do not contact the baffles 53, and the bottoms of the mushrooms also receive the friction force of the first conveyor belt 11, therefore, a resultant force which inclines upwards is formed on the mushrooms to promote the mushrooms to turn over, and because the height of the mushrooms is generally smaller than the outer diameter, when the mushrooms turn over, as shown in fig. 6, the mushrooms cannot be detected by the infrared sensor 51 under normal transportation, and when the mushrooms turn over, the mushrooms become high in the vertical direction and enter the detection range of the infrared sensor 51, the infrared sensor 51 detects the mushrooms turn over, a signal is sent to the control device, and the control device controls the cylinder 52 to retract to drive the baffle 53 to open. In order to prevent the mushroom from turning back again when the mushroom is not completely turned over and the baffle 53 is opened, a delay operation can be set on the retraction stroke of the air cylinder 52, if the infrared sensor 51 detects that the mushroom is turned over, a signal is sent to the control device, the control device sets the delay operation, and after 1-2S, the air cylinder 52 is controlled to retract. The turned mushrooms are conveyed by the first conveying belt 11 to enter the second image acquisition device 31, image information on the other side is acquired, and the grade is further judged.
Example three:
in the present embodiment, on the basis of the first or second embodiment, the plurality of classifying devices are uniformly arranged along the conveying direction of the second conveying belt 12. The number of the grading devices corresponds to that of the image acquisition devices, and the corresponding grading devices acquire the grade information of the corresponding image acquisition devices for grading and screening, so that different types of grades can be classified conveniently, and subsequent reasonable commercial utilization is facilitated.
When the specific judgment is carried out, the system divides the agaricus bisporus into four grades, namely A grade, B grade, C grade and D grade, according to the size of the agaricus bisporus serving as a characteristic parameter.
When the classification judgment is carried out, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring mushroom image information through a camera;
s2, extracting the region of interest: according to the mushroom image shooting environment, setting parameters and intercepting a mushroom image with single ground color to obtain an image to be extracted; and calculating the coordinate value of the upper left point of the minimum circumscribed rectangle of the mushroom outline, and the width W and the height H of the minimum circumscribed rectangle.
Specifically, in this embodiment, taking the resolution of the camera as 96 as an example, the mushroom image obtained by the system includes a conveyor belt and an edge portion thereof, in order to accurately obtain the characteristic parameters of agaricus bisporus, a region of interest of the mushroom image needs to be extracted, 150 pixels are firstly cut from the left side of fig. 8 where the image is captured by the camera and the right side of 158 pixels is cut, aluminum material on the side edge of the conveyor belt is removed, and the image shown in fig. 9 is obtained, wherein the specifically cut pixel value is specifically set according to the width of the conveyor belt and the view finding size of the camera, and finally the image with a single background color is obtained; then, for the picture in fig. 9, specific parameters are set by library functions findContours and boundinget in OpenCV to calculate the position (x, y) of the upper left point of the minimum circumscribed rectangle of the mushroom, the width w and the height h of the rectangle, and then the rectangle is extended outward by 50 pixel points to obtain the position of the rectangle: length: x-50 to x + w +50, width: y-50 to y + h +50, and the image shown in FIG. 10 is obtained by intercepting according to the position of the rectangle.
And (4) extracting the region of interest, separating the image of the agaricus bisporus from the whole image, removing interference, obtaining an image to be extracted, and using the image to be extracted as a subsequent image processing.
As shown in fig. 11, S3, image segmentation, which includes:
s31, converting the image to be extracted into a gray image;
s32, obtaining a binary image by adopting an OSTU threshold segmentation algorithm;
and S33, performing morphological transformation: performing closed operation by using a 3-by-3 matrix as a template, expanding, placing each pixel x of the picture in the center of the template, traversing all other elements covered by the template, modifying the value of the pixel x to be the maximum value in all the pixels, corroding the expanded picture, traversing each pixel of the image, modifying the pixel to be the minimum value in the template, and obtaining a morphological transformation graph;
s34, performing expansion operation on the morphological transformation image to obtain a background image;
and S35, performing distance conversion: setting the mask size to be 3 x 3, and setting the RBG value of the foreground picture to be (255,255,255), namely white; setting the RBG value of the background picture as (0,0, 0), namely black; taking non-zero pixel points as foreground targets and taking zero pixel points as backgrounds; calculating all pixel distances of the foreground picture and the background picture, and replacing the distances with pixels by using a least square method to generate a distance transformation graph;
s36, performing fixed threshold binarization by taking the distance as a threshold value to determine a foreground image;
s37, subtracting the background image and the foreground image, determining an uncertain region where the foreground image and the background image are overlapped, and extracting an image outline to obtain mark markers;
s38, obtaining the boundary of the original image finally through watershed change in markers according to the uncertain region;
s4, calculating the number m of pixels of the foreground image according to the acquired foreground image, wherein the area of the mushroom pileus is as follows: m 25.4/d square millimeter, wherein d is the resolution of the camera;
specifically, as shown in fig. 12, an image to be extracted, that is, (a) in fig. 11, is first converted into a grayscale image (b) in fig. 11, and an OSTU threshold segmentation algorithm is used to obtain a binarized image (c) in fig. 11. And then performing morphological transformation, performing closed operation by using a 3-by-3 matrix as a template, expanding, placing each pixel x of the picture in the center of the template, traversing all other elements covered by the template, modifying the value of the pixel x to be the maximum value in all the pixels, then corroding the expanded picture, traversing each pixel of the picture, modifying the pixel to be the minimum value in the template, eliminating small black holes and cracks, removing noise to obtain an image (d) in the image 11, and performing expansion operation on a morphological transformation image obtained by the morphological transformation to obtain a background image (e) in the image 11. And then, performing distance transformation, setting the mask size to be 3 x 3, setting the RGB value of a foreground picture to be (255 ), namely white, setting the RGB value of a background to be (0,0, 0), namely black, so that non-zero pixel points are a foreground target, zero pixel points are a background, the farther the pixel in the foreground target is away from the background, the larger the distance is, replacing the distance with the pixel by using a least square method, generating an image (f) in the image 11, performing fixed threshold binarization by using the distances as thresholds to determine a foreground image (g) in the image 11, subtracting the background image (e) in the image 11 from the foreground image (g) in the image 11 to determine an uncertain region where the foreground and the background are overlapped, and extracting an image contour to obtain a marked markers. Finally, the boundary (h) of the image to be extracted in fig. 11 is obtained through watershed change in markers according to the uncertain region. The algorithm flow chart is shown in fig. 12.
And S5, judging the grade according to the area of the mushroom pileus according to a preset rule.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 13, the system selects the agaricus bisporus pileus area as a characteristic parameter of size classification according to agaricus bisporus industry standard NY/T1790-2009[15], and the agaricus bisporus pileus area is divided into 3 stages of large, medium and small (the diameter >45mm is the first stage, the diameter not less than 25mm and not more than 45mm is the second stage, and the diameter <25mm is the third stage), on the basis, the diameter <10mm is defined as the fourth stage in the research. The resolution of the camera selected by the device with the size of pixel width/resolution being image width is 96, and the number m of pixels of the foreground image is calculated according to the foreground image obtained in the previous step, so that the area of the mushroom is as follows: m 25.4/96 mm square. Calculating the areas of the front surface and the back surface of the mushroom respectively, and taking the maximum value of the areas as the area of the mushroom because the mushroom stem can cause the mushroom to be laterally placed and the front surface area is reduced.
The SURF (Speeded-up Robust Features) algorithm is an improved algorithm based on a SIFT (Scale-invariant feature transform) algorithm, is proposed by Herbert Bay in 2006 in the European computer vision international conference, does not depend on pixel values, is less influenced by the shooting effects such as shielding and angles, and has the characteristics of high calculation speed and high stability. The SURF algorithm mainly consists of two parts: extracting characteristic points and describing the characteristic points.
As shown in fig. 14 and 15, further includes S41, which includes:
s411, extracting feature points: constructing a Hessian matrix, wherein the Hessian matrix H (X, sigma) of any pixel point X ═ X, y in the image to be extracted is as follows:
wherein, σ is a scale, and Lxx (X, σ), Lxy (X, σ), Lyy (X, σ) are second derivatives of the image to be extracted in each direction after gaussian filtering respectively;
the convolution approximation of the integral image and the box filter is denoted as Dxx, Dxy, Dyy, then the Hessian determinant approximation is obtained as:
det(Hessian)＝DxxDyy-(λDxy)2(2)
wherein, λ is a weight coefficient for balancing an error caused by using a block filter approximation;
comparing all pixel points processed by the Hessian matrix with points in a scale space by using a non-maximum value to find out interest points of the image;
performing linear interpolation operation in a scale space and an image space to obtain final stable characteristic points;
s412, converting the original image into a gray image;
drawing a circle by taking the feature points as the centers of the circles according to the extracted feature points;
taking mushrooms with a front threshold of 5mm and a back threshold of 13 mm; in this embodiment, the front threshold is 22 pixels, and the back threshold is 50 pixels. Due to the presence of the reverse side stem of the mushroom, the reverse side threshold is greater than the obverse side threshold.
If the size of the circle exceeds the threshold, the circle is considered as incomplete, otherwise, the circle is not incomplete;
fig. 14 shows several examples of images in the implementation.
And S5, judging the grade according to the area and incomplete condition of the mushroom pileus according to preset rules.
On the basis, the method also comprises a step of screening according to browning. As shown in fig. 16, the L value in the Lab format image can better reflect the brightness of the mushroom, thereby reflecting the browning degree of the mushroom, so that the RGB format image acquired by the camera is converted into the Lab format image. The color of the white color is represented by L-0, the color of the white color is represented by L-100, the color of the white color is represented by large L value, and the color of the black color is represented by small L value; good quality mushrooms with an L value of 86 and above, better mushrooms with an L value of 80-85, poorer mushrooms with an L value of 70-79, mushrooms with an L value below 69 have no edible value [10], corresponding to four grades 1, 2, 3, 4 respectively. Traversing each pixel point of the pileus, counting the number of the pixel points corresponding to each grade, respectively calculating the ratio of the number of the pixels corresponding to the four grades of 1, 2, 3 and 4 to the total number of the pileus pixels according to the number of the pileus pixels obtained by a watershed algorithm, wherein the ratio is R1, R2, R3 and R4, and according to the determination of a large number of experiments, R1 is more than or equal to 0.65 and is 1 grade, R2 is more than or equal to 0.58 and less than 0.65 and is 2 grade, R3 is more than or equal to 0.53 and less than 0.58 and is 3 grade, and R4 is more than 0.53 and is 4 grade.
At present, prototypes are tested in the laboratory. 100 mushrooms were picked from Shenyang agriculture university edible mushroom substrate, transported directly to the laboratory after picking, tested using a prototype and compared with the results of manual grading, which was taken as a standard. The manual discrimination uses a vernier caliper to measure the pileus diameter of the agaricus bisporus as a size parameter, and related experts of brown stain and incomplete characteristic parameters of the industry are found to perform discrimination by observing the appearance of the agaricus bisporus by naked eyes. The test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 results of the grading test
Table2 Result of Agaricus bisporus grading
As can be seen from table 1, the average accuracy using the automatic grading system for agaricus bisporus is about 96.45%, wherein the detection error is mainly due to the fact that the deformity and browning appear on the handle or the side of the mushroom, and the camera cannot shoot the mushroom. Test results show that the classification method is effective in detecting the size, browning and incomplete of the agaricus bisporus.
The above disclosure is only for a few specific embodiments of the present invention, however, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and any changes that can be considered by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An agaricus bisporus classification system, comprising:
a frame;
the centrifugal feeding disc is arranged on the rack;
the first conveying belt is fixedly arranged on the rack, one end of the first conveying belt is connected with the centrifugal feeding disc, and the first conveying belt is used for conveying mushrooms sent out from the centrifugal feeding disc;
the second conveying belt is fixedly arranged on the rack and is positioned below the first conveying belt;
the transition connecting cylinder is connected to the tail end of the first conveying belt and the front end of the second conveying belt and is used for conveying the mushrooms conveyed on the first conveying belt to the second conveying belt;
the image acquisition system is used for acquiring an image of the mushroom on the first conveying belt and judging the grade of the mushroom;
the grading device is used for grading and removing mushrooms on the second conveying belt;
and the control device is used for acquiring the mushroom grade information and controlling the action of the grading device.
2. An agaricus bisporus grading system according to claim 1, wherein said grading means comprises a photoelectric sensor and a sorting claw, said photoelectric sensor is provided on said frame for detecting the presence of mushrooms on said second conveyor belt, said photoelectric sensor is signal-connected to said control means; the sorting claw comprises a sorting motor and a plurality of shifting rods, the shifting rods are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of an output shaft of the sorting motor, one end of each shifting rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the sorting motor, an included angle A is formed between the axial lead of the output shaft of the sorting motor and the vertical direction, and the shifting rods are used for removing mushrooms on the second conveying belt when rotating.
3. The agaricus bisporus classification system of claim 2, wherein the included angle a is 60 °, the deflector rod has an included angle B with an axis line of the output shaft of the sorting motor, and the included angle B is 120 °.
4. An agaricus bisporus classification system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transition connecting cylinder is a circular arc connecting cylinder of a C-shaped structure.
5. The agaricus bisporus classification system of claim 1, further comprising a turnover device and a fixing frame, wherein the turnover device comprises an infrared sensor, two oppositely arranged air cylinders and a baffle plate arranged at the output end of the air cylinders, the fixing frame is arranged on the frame, the two baffle plates are arranged in a splayed shape, one end of each baffle plate with a larger opening is fixedly connected to the fixing frame, the air cylinders are used for controlling the opening angles of the free ends of the two baffle plates when in action, and the infrared sensor is in signal connection with the control device and is used for detecting whether mushrooms are turned over or not; the mushroom image acquisition system comprises a mushroom acquisition system and an image acquisition system, wherein the mushroom acquisition system comprises a first image acquisition device and a second image acquisition device, the first image acquisition device is used for acquiring image information of one side of a mushroom, and the second image acquisition device is used for acquiring image information of the other side of the mushroom; the turnover device is positioned at the rear side of the first image acquisition device along the moving direction of the first conveying belt and at the front side of the second image acquisition device along the moving direction of the first conveying belt.
6. The agaricus bisporus grading system according to claim 1, wherein the image collecting device comprises a camera and a light source arranged on the frame, the camera and the light source are arranged in the camera, and the camera is signal-connected to the control device.
7. An agaricus bisporus classification system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the classification means is a plurality of which are uniformly arranged along the conveying direction of the second conveyor.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110614232A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-27 | 沈阳农业大学 | Agaricus bisporus grading system |
| CN110614232B (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2024-07-09 | 沈阳农业大学 | Agaricus bisporus grading system |
-
2019
- 2019-10-18 CN CN201921755776.9U patent/CN210847255U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110614232A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-27 | 沈阳农业大学 | Agaricus bisporus grading system |
| CN110614232B (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2024-07-09 | 沈阳农业大学 | Agaricus bisporus grading system |
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