CN210825628U - Biological filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biological filter, which comprises a filter body and a uniform water distribution device arranged above the filter body; an adsorption packing layer and a biofilm formation packing layer are arranged in the tank body from bottom to top, and a water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the tank body; the biofilm culturing filler layer comprises a plurality of biofilm culturing filler units, each biofilm culturing filler unit comprises a porous shell and biofilm culturing fillers filled in the porous shell, and the filling rate of the biofilm culturing fillers is 5-80%. Through the mode, the biofilm culturing filler layer in the biofilter has good porosity, sewage can be dispersed into film microflow in the biofilter, the interception effect is good, the filler blockage can be effectively prevented, and the biofilm culturing filler layer can realize natural oxygenation and enhanced biological treatment without aeration and reduce energy consumption; in addition, through combining the biofilm culturing packing layer with the adsorption packing layer, the sewage treatment load can be effectively improved, the occupied area is greatly reduced, the advanced treatment of sewage can be realized, the whole process flow is simple, the operation management is simple and convenient, and the treatment effect is good.

Description

Biological filter

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a sewage treatment technical field, concretely relates to biological filter.

Background

Due to the urbanization development of China, the sewage discharge amount is greatly increased, a large number of sewage plants are built, the effluent discharge standard is gradually improved along with the increasingly strict environmental protection standard, the existing conventional sewage treatment process is difficult to meet the effluent requirement of high standard, and a plurality of sewage plants even can not reach the discharge standard of level A. Many sewage plants adopt the means of adding chemical agents (most commonly iron salts or aluminum salts) to further purify sewage, but the operation cost is increased, and the agents have certain side effects, such as the corrosivity of iron salts and the threat of higher aluminum in water to human health. In addition to the sewage plant tail water needs an economic, efficient, low-carbon and green advanced treatment method, due to the fact that pipe network construction is incomplete, distributed sewage treatment devices are widely used, but the water outlet effect is not ideal, and in view of the operation characteristics of distributed sewage treatment facilities, the sewage treatment plant tail water needs to be further treated by the green, efficient and easy-to-manage advanced treatment method. Other methods such as micro-polluted sewage are not suitable for centralized sewage treatment plants, and economic and efficient treatment methods are also required to be found.

At present, the artificial wetland is a common sewage advanced treatment facility, has low energy consumption and green ecology, can carry out advanced treatment on tail water or slightly polluted water and other sewage after sewage treatment, but has large occupied area due to low treatment load, is difficult to implement in areas with tense land, and plants need to be harvested and maintained, thereby increasing the operation cost. In addition, the existing artificial wetland system usually has the problems of limited particulate interception capability and easy blockage, the filler often cannot effectively load a biological membrane for removing pollutants, the oxygen supply capability is poor due to easy blockage, the filler generally only has certain reoxygenation capability on the surface layer, the plant root system reoxygenation capability is limited, the microorganism growth is not facilitated, the removal effect of the microorganism cannot be fully exerted, and the artificial wetland system mainly depends on land interception, filler adsorption and plant absorption to remove the pollutants, but the pollutant removal capability is limited.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a biological filter.

The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: a biological filter comprises a filter body and a uniform water distribution device; the uniform water distribution device is arranged above the tank body; an adsorption packing layer and a biofilm formation packing layer are arranged in the tank body from bottom to top, and a water outlet is formed in the bottom of the tank body; the biofilm culturing filler layer comprises a plurality of biofilm culturing filler units, and each biofilm culturing filler unit comprises a porous shell and biofilm culturing fillers filled in the porous shell; the filling rate of the film forming filler is 5-80%.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the biofilm carrier is selected from the group consisting of fillers having a specific surface area greater than 50m²/m³The film forming filler.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the biofilm filler is at least one selected from volcanic rock, three-dimensional elastic filler, activated carbon particles, snakeskin, sponge, multi-surface hollow sphere, honeycomb filler, and fiber ball.

According to the utility model discloses a specific embodiment, porous casing is at least one kind in spherical porous casing, cylindrical porous casing, round platform shape porous casing, the square porous casing.

According to the utility model discloses a specific embodiment, porous shell is spherical porous shell, and the diameter is 50 ~ 200 mm.

According to the utility model discloses a specific embodiment, the void ratio of biofilm formation packing layer is 10 ~ 85%.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the material of the adsorptive packing layer is at least one selected from gravel, limestone, zeolite, and ceramsite.

According to the utility model discloses a specific embodiment, the material particle diameter of absorption packing layer is 2 ~ 40 mm.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the biofilm packing layer is 0.1-1.5 m; the thickness of the adsorption packing layer is 0.5-2 m.

According to the utility model discloses a specific embodiment, the bottom of cell body is the infundibulate.

The utility model has the beneficial technical effects that: the utility model provides a biofilter, wherein the biofilm culturing filler unit formed by the combination of a porous shell and biofilm culturing fillers filled in the porous shell is piled up to form a biofilm culturing filler layer, the porosity of the biofilm culturing filler layer is good, sewage can be dispersed in the biofilm culturing filler layer to form film microflow, the interception effect is good, and the biofilter is not easy to block; the film-coated filler layer can naturally increase oxygen, strengthen biochemical treatment, does not need aeration and reduces energy consumption; the biofilm culturing filler layer and the adsorption filler layer are combined, so that the sewage treatment load can be effectively improved, the occupied area is greatly reduced, and the deep treatment of sewage is realized; and the whole process flow is simple, the operation management is simple and convenient, and the treatment effect is good.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the biological filter of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The conception, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so as to fully understand the objects, aspects and effects of the present invention. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The use of the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof herein, as used herein, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, merely as a relative recitation of relative positions of elements in a figure, and thus, are not intended to exclude any other elements.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by a person skilled in the art that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a biofilter according to the present invention. As shown in figure 1, the biological filter comprises a tank body 1 and a uniform water distribution device 2 arranged above the tank body 1. An adsorption packing layer 3 and a biofilm culturing packing layer 4 are arranged in the tank body 1 from bottom to top, and a water outlet 5 is arranged at the bottom of the tank body 1.

The biofilm culturing filler layer 4 comprises a plurality of biofilm culturing filler units 41, and is formed by stacking the biofilm culturing filler units 41, and the thickness of the biofilm culturing filler layer 4 is generally 0.1-1.5 m. The biofilm culturing filler unit 41 comprises a porous shell and biofilm culturing fillers filled in the porous shell, and the filling rate of the biofilm culturing fillers in the porous shell is 5-80%. The biofilm is loaded on the biofilm culturing filler, and the biofilm can be formed by natural growth or inoculation.

The film forming filler is generally film forming filler with high specific surface, for example, the specific surface is selected to be more than 50m²/m³The film-forming filler can be one or more of volcanic rock, three-dimensional elastic filler, activated carbon particles, snakeskin threads, sponge, multi-face hollow spheres, honeycomb filler and fiber spheres. By adopting the biofilm culturing filler with high specific surface, the biofilm culturing quantity is large, and good growth environment of microorganisms and primary and secondary animals can be created under the natural oxygenation condition, so that the biological treatment is strengthened.

The porous shell can be one or more of spherical porous shell, cylindrical porous shell, truncated cone porous shell, square porous shell, etc. In the embodiment, the porous shell is a spherical porous shell, and the diameter of the porous shell is 20 mm-500 mm. Generally, the pore size of the porous shell is smaller than the particle size of the biofilm carrier in order to prevent the biofilm carrier in the porous shell from leaking out of the porous shell.

If the porosity of the film-forming filler layer 4 is too low, the film-forming filler layer 4 is easy to block and natural oxygenation is difficult to realize; if the porosity is too high, the effect of sewage treatment will be affected, so the porosity of the biofilm-forming filler layer 4 is generally controlled to 10-85%.

The absorption packing layer 3 is mainly formed by stacking the materials of the absorption packing layer 3 at the bottom of the tank body 1, and the thickness of the absorption packing layer is generally 0.5-2 m. The material of the adsorption packing layer 3 can be one or more of gravel, limestone, zeolite and ceramsite. The particle size of the material of the adsorption packing layer 3 is generally 2-40 mm.

The uniform water distribution device 2 is specifically arranged above a biofilm culturing packing layer 4 in the tank body and is used for uniformly distributing water into the tank body 1. The uniform water distribution device 2 can adopt any device capable of effectively realizing uniform water distribution, including automatic uniform water distribution by means of a water distribution pipe or mechanical power water distribution and the like. In this embodiment, the water uniform distribution device 2 is a water distribution pipe for uniformly distributing water into the tank body 1.

In the embodiment, the bottom of the tank body 1 is funnel-shaped, so as to facilitate water outlet; and the whole upper part of the tank body 1 is cylindrical, and the lower part is conical. Of course, in other embodiments, the tank body 1 may also adopt other structures, such as the tank body 1 is designed into a cylindrical shape, a cubic shape, etc. as a whole; or the bottom is designed to be inclined, and the bottom of the slope is provided with a water collecting pipe so as to collect water to the water collecting pipe and discharge the water.

When using this embodiment biofilter to carry out sewage treatment, earlier let in cell body 1 with sewage uniformly through 2 distributions of water distribution uniformity device, then get into in the biofilm filler layer 4 on 1 upper portion of cell body, the void ratio of biofilm filler layer 4 is good, be favorable to natural oxygenation, a large amount of microbial film of biofilm filler load of high specific surface, can filter sewage, hold back the pollutant, the microorganism degradable pollutant on the biofilm, sewage flows into adsorption filler layer 3 of 1 lower part of cell body after handling, particulate matter in the sewage is held back in adsorption filler layer 3, the pollutant is adsorbed, sewage is further purified, the sewage 5 discharges of the delivery port of 1 bottom of cell body rethread cell body after the processing.

Therefore, the biofilm carrier layer in the biological filter has good porosity, sewage can be dispersed into film microflow in the biofilm carrier layer, the interception effect is good, the blocking of the filler can be effectively prevented, and the biofilm carrier layer can realize natural oxygenation and strengthen biological treatment without aeration, thereby reducing energy consumption; in addition, through combining the biofilm culturing packing layer with the adsorption packing layer, the sewage treatment load can be effectively improved, the occupied area is greatly reduced, the advanced treatment of sewage can be realized, the whole process flow is simple, the operation management is simple and convenient, and the treatment effect is good.

While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a biological filter, includes cell body and water distribution uniformity device, its characterized in that: the uniform water distribution device is arranged above the tank body; an adsorption packing layer and a biofilm formation packing layer are arranged in the tank body from bottom to top, and a water outlet is formed in the bottom of the tank body; the biofilm culturing filler layer comprises a plurality of biofilm culturing filler units, each biofilm culturing filler unit comprises a porous shell and biofilm culturing fillers filled in the porous shell, and the filling rate of the biofilm culturing fillers is 5-80%.

2. A biofilter according to claim 1, wherein said biofilm carrier is selected from the group consisting of biofilm carrier having a specific surface area of greater than 50m²/m³The film forming filler.

3. A biofilter according to claim 2, wherein said biofilm carrier filler is selected from at least one of volcanic rock, cubic elastic filler, activated carbon granules, snakeskin, sponge, polyhedral hollow sphere, honeycomb filler, fibrous sphere.

4. A biofilter according to claim 1, wherein said porous shell is at least one of a spherical porous shell, a cylindrical porous shell, a truncated cone shaped porous shell, a square porous shell.

5. A biofilter according to claim 4, wherein said porous shell is a spherical porous shell and has a diameter of 50-200 mm.

6. The biofilter according to claim 1, wherein a void ratio of said biofilm filler layer is 10-85%.

7. A biofilter according to claim 1, wherein the material of said layer of adsorptive packing is selected from at least one of gravel, limestone, zeolite, and ceramic particles.

8. A biofilter according to claim 7, wherein said layer of adsorbent packing material has a particle size of 2 to 40 mm.

9. A biofilter according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the thickness of said biofilm culturing filler layer is 0.1 to 1.5m, and the thickness of said adsorption filler layer is 0.5 to 2 m.

10. A biofilter according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of said cell body is funnel-shaped.

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