CN210822440U - Crumple type automobile steering device - Google Patents
Crumple type automobile steering device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN210822440U CN210822440U CN201921886660.9U CN201921886660U CN210822440U CN 210822440 U CN210822440 U CN 210822440U CN 201921886660 U CN201921886660 U CN 201921886660U CN 210822440 U CN210822440 U CN 210822440U
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- steering
- transmission shaft
- arrow
- energy absorption
- steering column
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a collapsing type automobile steering device, wherein the lower end of an upper steering pipe column is slidably sleeved at the upper end of a lower steering pipe column, and a first energy absorption device is arranged between the upper steering pipe column and the lower steering pipe column; the upper end of the upper steering transmission shaft is connected with the lower end of the lower steering pipe column through a first universal joint; the lower end of the upper steering transmission shaft is slidably sleeved at the upper end of the lower steering transmission shaft, and a second energy absorption device is arranged between the upper steering transmission shaft and the lower steering transmission shaft; the first energy absorption device and the second energy absorption device are both double-arrow negative Poisson ratio structures; the double-arrow type negative Poisson's ratio structure comprises a plurality of arrow head layers and a plurality of arrow tail layers; the arrow layer and the arrow tail layer are formed by encircling a two-dimensional negative Poisson's ratio structure into a cylinder shape and carrying out radial expansion along the radial direction. The utility model can absorb the collision energy to a greater extent; the intrusion amount of a steering system to a cab can be reduced, and more living space for a driver is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the auto steering, in particular to formula of collapsing auto steering device bursts.
Background
The analysis of the traffic accident statistical data and the automobile crash test results shows that: in the event of a frontal collision of the vehicle, the steering system is the primary element that injures the driver. GB11557-2011 rule for preventing the steering mechanism of the automobile from hurting a driver requires that the backward movement of a steering column and a steering shaft in the horizontal direction is not more than 127mm in a test that the automobile collides with other objects at the speed of 48km/h and at the front; in the bench test, when the trunk of the human body model is collided with the steering wheel at a speed of 6.7m/s, the horizontal force acting on the steering wheel must not exceed 11123N. Therefore, it is necessary to design a safe steering system for preventing injury.
The collision process of the automobile is divided into a primary collision stage and a secondary collision stage; the primary collision is a collision between the automobile and the automobile, after the primary collision is finished, a passenger in the automobile can collide against other parts (such as a steering wheel, an instrument panel and the like) in the automobile due to the action of inertia, and the collision process is called as secondary collision; both primary and secondary collisions can cause significant damage to occupants in the vehicle. When the automobile is in a frontal collision, a steering system which is positioned at the front part of the automobile and comprises a steering transmission shaft, a steering column, a steering wheel and the like moves backwards to enter a cab, so that the danger is caused to the living space of a driver; in addition, during secondary collision, the chest, the abdomen and even the head of the driver can collide with the steering wheel, and the driver can be injured and killed due to excessive impact force.
At present, a steering transmission shaft in a traditional steering system is of a rigid structure, is not easy to deform in one-time collision, is not provided with an energy absorption device, and has large invasion to a cab; when in secondary collision, the steering column is not provided with an energy absorption device, so that great harm can be caused to a driver.
One type of prior art collapsing steering system employs a bellows or grid-type steering column that plastically deforms during a frontal collision of the vehicle to absorb a portion of the energy. The other steering system is that the steering transmission shaft is divided into two sections; when collision occurs, the lower steering transmission shaft is inserted into the hole of the upper steering transmission shaft, and the upper steering transmission shaft is flattened to absorb impact energy. Although both of the above prior art structures are capable of absorbing impact energy, the energy absorbed is very limited; moreover, the two steering systems do not consider the protection of the safety of the driver in the secondary collision, and the living space of the driver cannot be effectively ensured.
In summary, a new collapsible steering device based on negative poisson's ratio structure is needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a formula of collapsing auto steering device to solve one or more technical problem that the above-mentioned exists. The utility model is provided with a negative Poisson ratio structure, which can absorb the collision energy to a greater extent; the universal joint is arranged, so that the invasion amount of a steering system to a cab can be reduced, and more living space for a driver is ensured.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model discloses a formula of collapsing auto steering device, include: the energy absorption device comprises an upper steering pipe column, a first energy absorption device, a lower steering pipe column, a first universal joint, an upper steering transmission shaft, a second energy absorption device and a lower steering transmission shaft; the lower end of the upper steering column is slidably sleeved at the upper end of the lower steering column, and a first energy absorption device is arranged between the upper steering column and the lower steering column; the upper end of the upper steering transmission shaft is connected with the lower end of the lower steering pipe column through a first universal joint; the lower end of the upper steering transmission shaft is slidably sleeved at the upper end of the lower steering transmission shaft, and a second energy absorption device is arranged between the upper steering transmission shaft and the lower steering transmission shaft; the first energy absorption device and the second energy absorption device are both double-arrow negative Poisson ratio structures; the double arrow type negative poisson's ratio structure comprises a plurality of arrow head layers and a plurality of arrow tail layers; the arrow layer and the arrow tail layer are connected through gluing; the arrow layer and the arrow tail layer are formed by encircling a two-dimensional negative Poisson's ratio structure into a cylinder shape and carrying out radial expansion along the radial direction.
Furthermore, the upper steering column is provided with a key, the lower steering column is provided with a groove, and the upper steering column is inserted into the lower steering column through a key groove structure; a cavity is arranged in the lower steering column, and the first energy absorption device is arranged in the cavity of the lower steering column.
Further, the first energy absorption device is arranged in the cavity of the lower steering column in an interference fit mode.
Furthermore, the upper steering transmission shaft is provided with a groove, the lower steering transmission shaft is provided with a key, and the lower steering transmission shaft is inserted into the upper steering transmission shaft through a key groove structure; a hollow structure is arranged in the upper steering transmission shaft, and the second energy absorption device is arranged in the hollow structure of the upper steering transmission shaft in an interference fit mode.
Further, still include: a second universal joint; the second universal joint is arranged at the lower end of the lower steering transmission shaft and is used for connecting a steering gear.
Further: a steering wheel; the steering wheel is connected with the upper end of the upper steering column.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
in order to overcome the existing problems that when the automobile has a frontal collision, the invasion amount of a steering system to a cab is too large, the absorbed collision energy is limited, secondary collision can cause damage to a driver, and the like, the utility model provides a collapsing type automobile steering device; because the negative poisson ratio structure has excellent energy-absorbing performance, the utility model provides a crumple type steering system based on the negative poisson ratio structure can absorb more energy when the automobile collides once, and the deformation of the negative poisson ratio structure can resist the backward displacement of a part of steering transmission shaft; the utility model discloses increase first universal joint between steering column and steering drive shaft, steering drive shaft can rotate around first universal joint when the collision, also can resist the displacement volume behind a part steering drive shaft, steering drive shaft can rotate around the universal joint when the collision so as to can reduce the invasion volume of a steering system to the driver's cabin, guarantee that the driver has more living spaces; in addition, during secondary collision, the negative Poisson ratio energy absorption structure in the lower steering column can deform, so that impact energy is absorbed, a buffering effect is achieved, and a better protection effect is achieved for a driver.
The utility model discloses the formula of collapsing a steering system based on two arrow type burden poisson ratio structures has added the energy-absorbing device that has burden poisson ratio structure in steering column and last steering spindle down, and the side direction shrink can take place when the unipolar compression for burden poisson ratio structure, rather than the inflation, and burden poisson ratio structure shows very strong mechanical properties, absorption collision energy that can the at utmost.
In the utility model, the upper steering column is provided with keys, the lower steering column is provided with grooves, the upper steering column is inserted into the lower steering column through a key groove structure, part of the lower steering column is hollow, and the first energy absorption device of the double-arrow type negative poisson's ratio structure is arranged in the lower steering column in an interference fit manner; when the upper steering column is impacted, the upper steering column can move along the axial direction in the lower steering column, and the energy is absorbed through the first energy absorption device.
The utility model discloses in, go up to turn to the transmission shaft and set up slottedly, turn to the transmission shaft down and be equipped with the key, turn to the transmission shaft down and pass through in the keyway structure inserts and go up to turn to the transmission shaft, go up to turn to transmission shaft partly cavity, the second energy-absorbing device of two arrow type negative poisson's ratio structures adopts interference fit's mode assembly in last steering transmission tubular column, turn to the transmission shaft down and can follow the axial and remove in last steering transmission shaft when receiving the impact to through second energy-absorbing device absorbed energy.
The utility model discloses in, the setting of second universal joint also is favorable to making steering wheel and steering gear obtain reasonable arranging on the car, improves the convenience of handling and easy dismouting.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below; it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a collapsing type automobile steering device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention illustrating the installation of an energy absorber device with a negative Poisson's ratio structure in a lower steering column;
FIG. 3 is a schematic axial side view of an energy absorber with a negative Poisson's ratio structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of an energy absorber with a negative Poisson's ratio structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional double-arrow negative Poisson's ratio structural unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a single-layer negative poisson's ratio structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural deformation diagram of the steering device of the present invention in an embodiment of the present invention when the vehicle collides with the front;
in fig. 1 to 7, 1, a steering wheel; 2. turning the pipe column upwards; 3. a first energy absorbing device; 4. a lower steering column; 5. a first universal joint; 6. an upper steering transmission shaft; 7. a second energy absorbing device; 8. a lower steering transmission shaft; 9. a second universal joint; 31. an arrow layer; 32. and (5) arrow tail layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical effect and technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following description, with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, clearly and completely describes the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention; obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a collapsing type steering apparatus for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following components: the device comprises a steering wheel 1, an upper steering column 2, a first negative poisson's ratio structure energy absorption device 3, a lower steering column 4, a first universal joint 5, an upper steering transmission shaft 6, a second negative poisson's ratio structure energy absorption device 7, a lower steering transmission shaft 8 and a second universal joint 9.
The first negative Poisson ratio structure energy absorption device 3 and the second negative Poisson ratio structure energy absorption device 7 are both double-arrow negative Poisson ratio structures, and the energy absorption device of the double-arrow negative Poisson ratio structure is composed of a plurality of arrow layers 31 and a plurality of arrow tail layers 32; the arrow head layer 31 and the arrow tail layer 32 are separate parts and are bonded together by glue. The arrow layer 31 and the arrow tail layer 32 are formed by winding a two-dimensional negative Poisson's ratio structure into a cylinder shape and performing radial expansion along the radial direction.
Because the impact energy of the primary impact and the impact energy of the secondary impact are different, the materials adopted by the first energy absorbing device 3 and the second energy absorbing device 7 are different, so that the two energy absorbing devices can play excellent performance, the impact energy of the primary impact is obviously greater than that of the secondary impact, therefore, the second energy absorbing device 7 should be made of a metal material with high rigidity, and the first energy absorbing device 3 should be made of a material with low rigidity, such as plastic and the like.
The steering wheel 1 is fixedly connected with the upper steering pipe column 2; the upper steering column 2 is provided with two round keys, the lower steering column 4 is provided with a groove, the upper steering column 2 is inserted into the lower steering column 4 through a key groove structure, one part of the lower steering column 4 is hollow, the first energy absorption device 3 of the double-arrow type negative Poisson's ratio structure is arranged in the lower steering column 4 in an interference fit mode, and when the upper steering column 2 is impacted, the upper steering column 2 can move axially in the lower steering column 4; the lower steering column 4 and the upper steering transmission shaft 6 are hinged together through a first universal joint 5, so that the mutual rotation of the lower steering column and the upper steering transmission shaft can be ensured, and meanwhile, the torque can be transmitted; the upper steering transmission shaft 6 is provided with a groove, the lower steering transmission shaft 8 is provided with two round keys, the lower steering transmission shaft 8 is inserted into the upper steering transmission shaft 6 through a key groove structure, a part of the upper steering transmission shaft 6 is hollow, the second energy absorption device 7 of the double-arrow type negative Poisson's ratio structure is assembled in the upper steering transmission pipe column 6 in an interference fit mode, and the lower steering transmission shaft 8 can move in the upper steering transmission shaft 6 along the axial direction when being impacted; the lower steering propeller shaft 8 is connected to a steering gear (not shown) in a steering system of the vehicle through a second universal joint 9, thereby transmitting torque.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation:
when the automobile collides, the lower steering transmission shaft 8 moves backwards along the axial direction through the key groove structure, the second energy absorption device 7 in the upper steering transmission shaft 6 is extruded, the second energy absorption device 7 collapses to absorb collision energy, and the invasion amount of a part of steering systems to a cab can be offset, so that the living space of a driver is increased. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 7, the upper steering transmission shaft 6 rotates around the first universal joint 5 in the collision process, and the included angle between the upper steering transmission shaft 6 and the lower steering column 4 is reduced, so that the displacement of a part of the steering system can be offset, the intrusion amount of the steering system to the cab is reduced, and the living space of a driver is ensured; in addition, the arrangement of the universal joint is also beneficial to reasonably arranging the steering wheel and the steering gear on the automobile, and the operation convenience is improved and the disassembly and the assembly are easy. In the secondary collision process, the driver bumps to steering wheel 1, and steering wheel 1 links firmly with last steering column 2, goes up steering column 2 and passes through keyway structure along axial downstream, extrudees down first energy absorbing device 3 in the steering column 4, and first energy absorbing device 3 produces and warp the ulcerate and contract, absorbs the impact energy, plays the effect of buffering, protects driver's life safety.
The utility model discloses have excellent energy-absorbing performance based on negative poisson ratio structure, provide a burst formula of contracting steering system based on negative poisson ratio structure, can absorb more energy when the car takes place the collision once, and the deformation of negative poisson ratio structure can resist the displacement volume behind a part steering drive axle moreover; secondly, the steering transmission shaft can rotate around the universal joint during collision and can resist backward displacement of a part of the steering transmission shaft, so that a driver is ensured to have more living space; in addition, during secondary collision, the negative Poisson ratio energy absorption structure in the lower steering column can deform, so that impact energy is absorbed, a buffering effect is achieved, and a better protection effect is achieved for a driver.
To sum up, when taking place the head-on collision in order to overcome the car, steering system is too big to the invasion volume of driver's cabin, it is limited to absorb collision energy, secondary collision can become current problems such as injury to the driver, the utility model provides a formula of collapsing steering system based on two arrow type negative poisson ratio structures. The steering system is characterized in that energy absorption devices with negative poisson ratio structures are added in a lower steering column and an upper steering shaft, the negative poisson ratio structures can contract laterally rather than expand when being compressed by a single shaft, and the negative poisson ratio structures have strong mechanical properties and can absorb collision energy to the maximum extent; in addition, the utility model adds the universal joint between the steering column and the steering transmission shaft, the steering transmission shaft can rotate around the universal joint when colliding, thereby reducing the invasion amount of the steering system to the cab and ensuring more living space for the driver; the arrangement of the universal joint is also beneficial to reasonably arranging the steering wheel and the steering gear on the automobile, and the operation convenience is improved and the disassembly and the assembly are easy.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit the same, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify or equally replace the specific embodiments of the present invention, and any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention is within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A collapsing type automobile steering device, characterized by comprising: the steering device comprises an upper steering column (2), a first energy absorption device (3), a lower steering column (4), a first universal joint (5), an upper steering transmission shaft (6), a second energy absorption device (7) and a lower steering transmission shaft (8);
the lower end of the upper steering column (2) is slidably sleeved at the upper end of the lower steering column (4), and a first energy absorption device (3) is arranged between the upper steering column (2) and the lower steering column (4);
the upper end of the upper steering transmission shaft (6) is connected with the lower end of the lower steering column (4) through a first universal joint (5);
the lower end of the upper steering transmission shaft (6) is slidably sleeved at the upper end of the lower steering transmission shaft (8), and a second energy absorption device (7) is arranged between the upper steering transmission shaft (6) and the lower steering transmission shaft (8);
the first energy absorption device (3) and the second energy absorption device (7) are both double-arrow negative Poisson's ratio structures;
the double arrow type negative Poisson's ratio structure comprises a plurality of arrow layers (31) and a plurality of arrow tail layers (32);
the arrow layer (31) and the arrow tail layer (32) are connected through gluing;
the arrow layer (31) and the arrow tail layer (32) are formed by winding a two-dimensional negative Poisson's ratio structure into a cylinder shape and performing radial expansion along the radial direction.
2. A collapsing automobile steering device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper steering column (2) is keyed, the lower steering column (4) is slotted, and the upper steering column (2) is inserted into the lower steering column (4) through a keyway structure; a cavity is arranged in the lower steering column (4), and the first energy absorption device (3) is arranged in the cavity of the lower steering column (4).
3. A collapsing vehicle steering device according to claim 2, characterised in that the first energy absorbing means (3) is arranged in the cavity of the lower steering column (4) by interference fit.
4. The collapsing automobile steering device according to claim 1, wherein the upper steering transmission shaft (6) is slotted, the lower steering transmission shaft (8) is provided with a key, and the lower steering transmission shaft (8) is inserted into the upper steering transmission shaft (6) through a key slot structure;
a hollow structure is arranged in the upper steering transmission shaft (6), and the second energy absorption device (7) is arranged in the hollow structure of the upper steering transmission shaft (6) in an interference fit mode.
5. The collapsible vehicle steering apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a second universal joint (9);
the second universal joint (9) is arranged at the lower end of the lower steering transmission shaft (8), and the second universal joint (9) is used for connecting a steering gear.
6. The collapsible vehicle steering apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a steering wheel (1);
the steering wheel (1) is connected with the upper end of the upper steering column (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921886660.9U CN210822440U (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2019-11-04 | Crumple type automobile steering device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921886660.9U CN210822440U (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2019-11-04 | Crumple type automobile steering device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210822440U true CN210822440U (en) | 2020-06-23 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921886660.9U Expired - Fee Related CN210822440U (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2019-11-04 | Crumple type automobile steering device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN210822440U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110758547A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-02-07 | 长安大学 | Crumple type automobile steering device based on negative Poisson ratio structure |
-
2019
- 2019-11-04 CN CN201921886660.9U patent/CN210822440U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110758547A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-02-07 | 长安大学 | Crumple type automobile steering device based on negative Poisson ratio structure |
| CN110758547B (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2023-11-14 | 长安大学 | Crumple type automobile steering device based on negative poisson ratio structure |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20200623 Termination date: 20201104 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |