CN210813599U

CN210813599U - Buffering type speed difference anti-falling device

Info

Publication number: CN210813599U
Application number: CN201921661292.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王金鹏; 杨凯; 桂晨晨; 杨伟康; 徐檑; 王铮
Original assignee: Nanjing Forestry University
Current assignee: Nanjing Forestry University
Priority date: 2019-10-07
Filing date: 2019-10-07
Publication date: 2020-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-07

Abstract

This patent provides a can be reliably the locking, can prevent to produce great effort to the human body when locking again, has buffering effect's buffering formula speed difference anti-falling device. The safety rope winding machine comprises a frame, a central shaft, a drum wheel rotationally arranged on the central shaft, and a safety rope wound on the drum wheel; a pawl and a ratchet wheel locking structure are arranged in a space between the rack and the drum wheel disc, a ratchet wheel guide device is fixed on the rack, the ratchet wheel can be rotatably arranged on the ratchet wheel guide device relative to the ratchet wheel guide device, an internal buffer damping device which applies resistance to the rotating ratchet wheel so as to gradually stop rotating is arranged between the rack and the ratchet wheel, and the pawl is sleeved on a pawl rotating shaft fixed on the drum wheel; when the rotating speed of the drum wheel rotating along the working direction exceeds the locking speed, the pawl rotates around the pawl rotating shaft under the acting force of centrifugal force, the pawl is clamped into the ratchet groove, the drum wheel and the pawl drive the ratchet wheel to start rotating together, and the rotation is stopped after the drum wheel rotates for a certain angle under the action of the inner buffering damping device.

Description

Buffering type speed difference anti-falling device

Technical Field

The patent relates to a safety protection apparatus field especially relates to a buffering formula speed difference anti-falling device for when workman high altitude construction.

Background

The high-altitude operation and the construction of various infrastructures are fierce, and the requirement of people on the operation safety is higher and higher. The definitions of the safety belt and the safety rope are not limited to the traditional concept any more, and the safety belt and the safety rope are expanded to a speed difference safety catcher, a guide rail safety catcher, a rope safety catcher and the like according to different use occasions. The speed difference safety catcher also called a speed difference automatic controller can meet the variable working environment and production requirements, so that the speed difference safety catcher is most widely applied, the market share is about 80 percent of all safety catchers, the speed difference safety catcher is an ideal high-altitude falling prevention device at present, and the problem of frequent high-altitude safety accidents is fundamentally solved.

During high-altitude operation, one end of a rack of the speed difference falling protector is hung at a high position, the outer end of the safety rope extending out of the speed difference falling protector is hung on the waist of an operator (or a complete belt tied on the waist of the operator), and the safety rope follows up with the operation of workers. Its theory of operation is when operating personnel normal work descends with normal speed at ordinary times, the safety rope of safety hook's coiling on the drum follows human motion and emits and keep at suitable length, in case operating personnel falling speed is too big or when taking place to fall, because the safety rope emits speed and surpasss normal speed, the inside machinery of safety hook takes effect, the drum is locked, the safety rope can't be emitted, the impact injury that operating personnel continues to fall probably to bring has been avoided, when operating personnel resumes normal work, but the safety hook manual unlocking carries out next safety protection.

For the high-altitude operators, the speed difference safety catcher is an indispensable protective tool. However, the general high differential speed falling protector does not have a buffering function, that is, the drum stops rotating at the moment when the drum is locked (of course, the safety rope is not released any more), that is, the speed of the drum is reduced to zero at the moment, and the descending speed of the operator is also reduced to zero at the moment, which causes that the outer end of the safety rope tied on the waist of the operator (or the complete belt of the waist of the operator) generates a large acting force on the human body, and the human body is seriously injured, so that the research on the differential speed falling protector with the buffering function is necessary, and the differential speed falling protector has a wide application prospect.

Disclosure of Invention

This patent is to speed difference safety hook locking immediately in the twinkling of an eye at the locking, strikes very big problem to the human body, provides one kind can reliably lock, produces great effort to the human body when preventing again that the locking, has the buffering formula speed difference safety hook of buffering effect for safety protection when workman high altitude construction.

The purpose of this patent is realized through following technical scheme:

this patent buffering formula speed differential anti-falling device, include: the safety rope comprises a frame 23, a central shaft 5 fixed on the frame 23, a drum wheel 6 rotatably arranged on the central shaft and positioned in the frame, wherein the inner end of a safety rope 21 wound on the drum wheel 6 is fixed on the drum wheel, and the outer end of the safety rope passes through the frame 23 and extends outwards; when the drum wheel 6 rotates along the working direction, the safety rope 21 is released, and when the drum wheel rotates along the non-working direction opposite to the working direction, the safety rope 21 is withdrawn; a locking structure comprising a pawl 7 and a ratchet wheel 19 is arranged in a space between a frame 23 and a drum 6 disc, a ratchet wheel guide device is fixed on the frame opposite to the drum disc, the ratchet wheel 19 is rotatably arranged on the ratchet wheel guide device relative to the ratchet wheel guide device, the rotating axis of the ratchet wheel 19 is coaxial with the rotating axis of the drum 6, an inner buffering damping device which can apply resistance to the rotating ratchet wheel 19 is arranged between the frame 23 or a part fixed on the frame 23 and the ratchet wheel 19 so that the ratchet wheel stops rotating gradually along the working direction,

the pawl 7 is sleeved on a pawl rotating shaft 15 fixed on the drum wheel 6, a stop pillar 10 for limiting the pawl 7 to swing around the pawl rotating shaft 15 along a certain direction, namely a rotation stopping direction is arranged on the drum wheel 6, and an elastic element for enabling the pawl 7 to be in a contact state with the stop pillar 10 in a normal state is arranged between the drum wheel 6 and the pawl 7;

when the rotating speed of the drum 6 rotating around the central shaft 5 in the working direction exceeds the set locking speed, the pawl 7 rotates around the pawl rotating shaft 15 in the locking direction opposite to the rotation stopping direction under the action of centrifugal force, the tip end of the pawl 7 is clamped into the tooth space of the ratchet wheel 19, the drum 6 and the pawl 7 drive the ratchet wheel 19 to start rotating together in the working direction, and at the moment, under the action of the internal damping device, the drum 6, the pawl 7 and the ratchet wheel 19 stop rotating after rotating for a certain angle a.

The beneficial effect of this patent: when workers work aloft, one end of the frame is relatively fixed and hung at the high place, the outer end of the safety rope 21 is hung at the waist of the workers, and the safety rope 21 follows up along with the work of the workers. During normal operation at ordinary times, the rotating speed of the whole drum 6 mechanism is very slow, namely the centrifugal force applied to the pawl 7 of the disc of the drum 6 is very small, the acting force of an elastic element on the pawl 7 cannot be overcome, the pawl 7 is basically in a state of being in contact with the stop column 10 and basically cannot rotate around the pawl rotating shaft 15, so that the tip of the pawl 7 cannot be in contact with the ratchet wheel 19, the drum 6 connected with the pawl 7 can smoothly rotate along the working direction, and the safety rope is gradually released. In case the emergence is fallen during the operation, safety rope outer end receives human tenesmic power, drives drum 6 fast rotation, when the drum rotational speed reaches locking speed for pawl 7 on the 6 discs of drum receives great centrifugal force, and pawl 7 overcomes elastic element's effort and takes place to rotate around pawl pivot 15 along the locking direction, and pawl 7 most advanced can block to ratchet 19 in the tooth's socket, realizes a locking. Because the ratchet wheel is not fixed on the frame, but can rotate relative to the frame, so during primary locking, the drum wheel and the pawl can still drive the ratchet wheel to continue to rotate along the working direction, namely the ratchet wheel 19 rotates along with the ratchet wheel, the inner buffering damping device starts to play a role, and the effects of blocking rotation and slowing down the rotating speed are realized for the ratchet wheel, so that the drum wheel 6, the pawl 7 and the ratchet wheel 19 stop rotating gradually after rotating together by a certain angle a, secondary locking is realized, the impact force of the primary locking of the drum wheel, namely stopping on a human body, the buffering effect is realized, the secondary locking is stopped and falls, and the safety of a user is ensured.

As a further improvement of the buffering type speed difference anti-falling device, tooth grooves are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the ratchet wheel 19, and the inner buffering damping device comprises a steel plate spring 4; one end of the steel plate spring 4 is fixed on the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel 19, and the other end penetrates through the central shaft 5 and is in sliding fit with the central shaft 5, or one end of the steel plate spring 4 is fixed on the central shaft 5, and the other end extends into a sliding groove formed on the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel 19 and is in sliding fit with the sliding groove.

The locking of the pawl, the ratchet wheel and the like is an external engagement ratchet mechanism. Since the ratchet wheel must overcome the bending moment of the leaf spring 4 to rotate, the leaf spring 4 acts as a barrier to the rotation of the ratchet wheel 19, and acts as a barrier to the rotation of the ratchet wheel and a rotational speed reduction effect. In addition, when the ratchet wheel rotates, the leaf spring is deformed, for example, bent in the circumferential direction of the central shaft, so that both ends of the leaf spring cannot be fixed at the same time, and when one end of the leaf spring is fixed, the other end is a free end capable of freely extending and contracting.

As a further improvement of the buffering type speed difference anti-falling device, the internal buffering damping device comprises an internal buffering spring, and two ends of the internal buffering spring are respectively connected with the ratchet wheel 19 and the rack 23; the inner damping spring normally exerts a spring force on the ratchet wheel which causes the ratchet wheel to have a tendency to rotate in the non-working direction.

Of course, the inner buffer spring can be an inner buffer compression spring and/or an inner buffer tension spring.

As a further improvement of the buffering type speed difference anti-falling device, the ratchet wheel guiding device comprises an upper baffle plate, a lower baffle plate and an arc-shaped plate, wherein the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate are in contact with two end faces of the ratchet wheel 19, the arc-shaped plate is fixed between the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate, and the arc surface of the arc-shaped plate is in circumferential sliding fit with the ratchet wheel. The ratchet wheel guide device has simple structure, and can position the ratchet wheel in the axial direction and the radial direction, and the ratchet wheel can only rotate along the axis of the central shaft.

Preferably, the inner buffer damping device comprises an inner buffer spring, and two ends of the inner buffer spring are respectively connected with the ratchet 19 and the ratchet guide device; the inner damping spring normally exerts a spring force on the ratchet wheel which causes the ratchet wheel to have a tendency to rotate in the non-working direction. Therefore, the inner buffer spring is connected to the ratchet wheel guide device, the whole structure is simplified, the acting force of the inner buffer spring on the ratchet wheel is in the plane where the ratchet wheel is located, and the force in the axial direction is prevented from being applied to the ratchet wheel.

Preferably, the tooth grooves are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the ratchet wheel 19; the arc-shaped plate is in sliding fit with the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel; the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel is provided with a safety block protruding out of the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel, the inner buffer spring is an inner buffer pressure spring, and two ends of the inner buffer pressure spring are respectively connected with the safety block and the arc-shaped plate; when the tip end of the pawl 7 is clamped into the tooth groove of the ratchet wheel 19, the drum wheel 6 and the pawl 7 drive the ratchet wheel 19 to rotate for a certain angle c together along the working direction, the inner buffer spring is completely compressed, and at the moment, the arc-shaped plate, the inner buffer pressure spring and the safety block are in rigid contact, so that the drum wheel 6, the pawl 7 and the ratchet wheel 19 stop rotating; c is more than or equal to a.

The structure organically combines the inner buffer damping device with a safety device which limits the ratchet wheel to rotate at the maximum angle along the working direction. When the structure of the patent works, under the action of the inner buffering damping device, the drum 6, the pawl 7 and the ratchet wheel 19 generally stop rotating gradually after rotating for a certain angle a. However, there is a possibility that the retarding action force generated by the inner damping device on the ratchet wheel is small, or when the inner damping device fails, the drum 6, the pawl 7 and the ratchet wheel 19 still cannot stop rotating after rotating by an angle a, and in order to prevent accidents, a safety device for limiting the maximum rotation angle of the ratchet wheel along the working direction is needed, the safety device can act to stop the ratchet wheel when the rotation angle of the ratchet wheel 19 still cannot stop rotating after the angle a, and obviously, the maximum rotation angle c of the ratchet wheel along the working direction is more than or equal to a.

There are a variety of safety devices. Specifically to this structure, arc, interior buffering pressure spring, safety block etc. constitute safety device, and when drum 6 and pawl 7 drove ratchet 19 and rotate certain angle c along the working direction together, interior buffering pressure spring was compressed completely, and rigid contact makes drum 6, pawl 7, ratchet 19 stall between arc, the interior buffering pressure spring, the safety block this moment. The safety device limits the maximum angle of rotation of the ratchet wheel in the working direction to c. Therefore, the device perfectly and organically integrates the inner buffering damping device, the ratchet wheel guiding device and the safety device together, and has a simple structure.

As a further improvement of the buffering type speed difference anti-falling device, a stop block 9 is arranged on the frame, and a safety block is arranged on the ratchet wheel 19; when the tip end of the pawl 7 is clamped into the tooth groove of the ratchet wheel 19, the drum wheel 6 and the pawl 7 drive the ratchet wheel 19 to rotate together by a certain angle b along the working direction, the safety block is contacted with the stop block 9, so that the drum wheel 6, the pawl 7 and the ratchet wheel 19 stop rotating; b is more than or equal to a.

This is another safety device. In particular, with this construction, the stop block, the safety block, etc. constitute a safety device, and when the drum 6 and the pawl 7 rotate the ratchet 19 together in the working direction by a certain angle b, the safety block is in rigid contact with the stop block 9, so that the ratchet 19 stops rotating. The safety device limits the maximum angle of rotation of the ratchet wheel in the working direction to b.

Preferably, the tooth grooves are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the ratchet wheel 19; the ratchet wheel guiding device comprises an upper baffle plate, a lower baffle plate and an arc-shaped plate, wherein the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate are in contact with two end faces of the ratchet wheel 19, the arc-shaped plate is fixed between the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate, and the arc surface of the arc-shaped plate is in sliding fit with the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel; the stop block 9 and the arc-shaped plate are the same part, and a safety block protruding out of the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel is arranged on the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel.

Therefore, the ratchet wheel guiding device and the safety device are perfectly and organically integrated together, and the structure is simple.

As a further improvement of the buffering type speed difference anti-falling device, the device also comprises a safety rope recovery device with a coil spring 25 and a coil spring disc 22 inside; the upper end and the lower end of a central shaft 5 penetrating through the drum wheel 6 and the coil spring disc 22 are fixedly connected with the frame 23, the coil spring disc 22 is fixed at the lower part of the drum wheel 6 and positioned between the lower part of the drum wheel 6 and the frame, one end of a coil spring 25 positioned in the coil spring disc 22 is fixed on the central shaft 5, and the other end of the coil spring is fixed at the periphery of the coil spring disc 22; when an external force is applied to the outer end of the safety rope, the drum 6 and the coil spring disc 22 are pulled by the safety rope 21 to rotate in the working direction, and the winding torque of the coil spring 25 is gradually increased; when the external force is released, the coil spring 25 rotates the coil spring disc 22 and the drum 6 in the non-working direction, the length of the safety rope extending out of the frame is gradually shortened, and the safety rope 21 is wound on the drum 6.

As a further improvement of the buffering type speed difference anti-falling device, the buffering type speed difference anti-falling device further comprises an outer buffering damping device, wherein the outer buffering damping device comprises an outer buffering tension spring, one end of the outer buffering tension spring is connected with the rack and/or the outer end of the safety rope, and the other end of the outer buffering tension spring is used for being connected with a hanging point for hanging the buffering type speed difference anti-falling device and/or a safety belt of a human body.

When the rotating speed of the drum wheel exceeds the locking speed along the working direction, the pawl swings due to centrifugal force, the tip end of the pawl is clamped into the tooth groove on the ratchet wheel to realize primary locking and secondary locking, or the drum wheel rotates to the maximum angle and stops rotating due to the action of the safety device, and the speed of the drum wheel is suddenly reduced, so that the outer buffer tension spring is stretched, the acting force of the safety rope on a human body is reduced, and the buffer effect is further improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the compound cushioned differential fall arrest device of embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the compound cushioned differential fall arrest device of embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of embodiment 1 (with the upper frame removed, etc.);

FIG. 4 is a plan view of embodiment 1 (with the upper frame removed, etc.);

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a disk, ratchet, pawl, central shaft, etc.;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a drum, pawl, ratchet, coil spring disc, etc.;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a drum, wrap spring disc, etc.;

fig. 10 is a perspective view of a coil spring plate, a center shaft, and the like;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a wrap spring disk, wrap spring, central shaft, etc.;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a drum, coil spring disk, coil spring, etc.;

FIG. 13 is a state diagram of the drum in the embodiment 1 rotated by the angle a by the inner cushion damper;

fig. 14 is a perspective view of a lower baffle, an arc plate, a ratchet, and the like in embodiment 1;

fig. 15 is a perspective view of an upper baffle, a lower baffle, an arc plate, and the like in embodiment 1;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of the compound cushioned differential fall arrest device of embodiment 2 (with the upper housing removed, etc.);

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a leaf spring, ratchet, pawl, arc plate, center shaft, etc. of embodiment 2;

FIG. 18 is a plan view of embodiment 2 (with the upper frame removed, etc.);

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 18;

fig. 21 is a state diagram of the drum in embodiment 2 when the drum stops rotating by the safety device.

In the figure, 1 a first external buffer extension spring, 2 a second external buffer extension spring, 4 a steel plate spring, 5 a central shaft, 51 holes, 6 drums, 61 discs, 62 cylinders, 63 openings, 7 pawls, 8 padding columns, 9 arc-shaped plates (stop blocks), 10 pawl stop columns, 11 spring fastening screws, 12 internal buffer tension springs, 13 rope ports, 14 pawl extension springs, 15 pawl rotating shafts, 16 snap springs, 17 pins, 18 rope columns, 19 ratchet wheels, 20 internal buffer compression springs, 21 safety ropes, 22 coil spring disks, 221 grooves, 23 frames, 231 upper frames, lower 232 frames, 24 wear-resistant shaft sleeves, 25 coil springs, 26 upper baffles, 27 lower baffles and 28 safety blocks.

Detailed Description

The patent is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:

example 1:

referring to fig. 1-3, a compound buffering type speed difference anti-falling device comprises a frame 23, a locking mechanism, a drum 6 and a buffering part; the frame 23 is formed by fixedly connecting an upper frame 231 and a lower frame 232; one end of the frame is provided with a rope port 13 for the safety rope to pass through, and the other end of the frame is a hook end. The frame 23 is provided with a central shaft, and two ends of the central shaft 5 are respectively fixed on the upper frame 231 and the lower frame 232. Two ratchet guides symmetrical about a central axis are fixed to the lower surface of the upper frame 231 by four spacers 8. Each ratchet guide comprises an upper stop 26, a lower stop 27, and an arcuate plate (stop) 9 located between the upper and lower stops. The cambered surface of the arc-shaped plate 9 is in sliding fit with the inner periphery of a ratchet wheel 19 uniformly distributed on the outer periphery of the tooth grooves. Two end surfaces of the ratchet wheel are respectively contacted with the upper baffle and the lower baffle. Below the lower baffle 27 is the drum 6, but there is no contact between the drum 6 and the lower baffle 27.

Referring to fig. 4-6, the drum 6 is a unitary structure consisting of an upper larger diameter disc (i.e., the upper end surface of the drum) 61 and a lower smaller diameter cylinder 62. The drum 6 cylinder is sleeved on the central shaft 5 through a wear-resistant shaft sleeve 24. The drum 6 and the wear sleeve 24 are rotatable relative to the central shaft.

Referring to fig. 8-12, the drum 62 of the drum 6 is hollow, the cylindrical surface of the drum has an opening 63, and the lower end of the drum is fixedly connected with the coil spring disc 22, and the rope column 18 is fixed in the hollow drum; the inner end of the safety rope 21 is sleeved on the rope column 18 and is wound on the cylindrical part of the drum wheel 6 through the opening; the outer end of the safety rope 21 penetrates through a rope port 13 on the rack and then is connected with the first outer buffer extension spring 1, and the other end of the first outer buffer extension spring 1 is connected with a user; .

Referring to fig. 5, 11 and 12, during working at high altitude, the outer end of the safety rope 21 is connected to a worker through the first outer buffer tension spring 1, so that the falling speed of the user is synchronized with the speed of the safety rope 21, and the drum 6 is pulled by the safety rope 21 to rotate in the working direction. The coil spring 25 is arranged in the coil spring disk 22, one end of the coil spring 25 is fixed on the position where the rotating shaft 5 passes through the hole 51 of the lower end part of the coil spring disk 22 through a screw, the other end of the coil spring 25 is fixed on a groove 221 formed in the periphery of the coil spring disk 22 through a screw, and the whole coil spring 25 is limited in the coil spring disk 22. After the danger of fall elimination occurs, the force of the outer end of the safety line 21 is unloaded, the safety line 21 is contracted and wound back on the drum 6 by the coil spring 25, and the ratchet 7 is restored to the initial state of contact with the catch 10 under the tension of the ratchet stopper spring 14.

Referring to fig. 3, 5, 14 and 15, two leaf springs 4 are inserted into the center of the upper end of the central shaft 5 in a staggered manner, the head ends of the leaf springs 4 penetrate through the central shaft 5 and can move freely relatively, and the tail ends of the leaf springs are fixedly connected with the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel. The steel plate spring 4 and the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel are fixedly connected in a plurality of ways, and if the structure is adopted in the embodiment: two safety blocks 28 protruding from the inner ring of the ratchet wheel 19 but integrated with the ratchet wheel are provided with sliding grooves having a thickness substantially equal to that of the leaf spring 4, the leaf spring 4 is provided at its distal end with a hole extending into the sliding grooves, and a pin 17 fixed to the safety blocks 28 is passed through the hole provided at the distal end of the leaf spring 4 so that the distal end of the leaf spring 4 is fixed in the radial direction of the ratchet wheel.

Referring to fig. 3-5 and 7, the two sides of the safety block 28 on the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel 19 are respectively connected with the adjacent stop blocks 9 by the internal buffer tension spring 12 and the internal buffer compression spring 20. The inner buffering tension spring 12 exerts a pulling force on the ratchet wheel in a normal state, so that the ratchet wheel has a rotating trend in a non-working direction. The internal buffer pressure spring 20 applies a thrust force to the ratchet wheel in a normal state, so that the ratchet wheel has a tendency to rotate in a non-working direction. Two safety blocks, two inner buffer tension springs 12 and two inner buffer compression springs 20 are centrosymmetric with a central shaft.

The ratchet wheel 19, the steel plate spring 4 connected with the ratchet wheel, the inner buffer tension spring 12 and the inner buffer compression spring 20 are not moved relative to the frame 23 in normal working use. The central shaft 5 is sleeved with a drum wheel 6 and a coil spring disc 22, the drum wheel 6 is fixedly connected with the coil spring disc 22, the drum wheel 6 and the coil spring disc 22 are fixed into a whole mechanism, and the whole mechanism rotates around the central shaft 5 during normal work; two centrally symmetrical pawl rotating shafts 15 and two pawl catch posts 10 are fixed at the upper end of a disc of the drum wheel 6, pawls 7 positioned on the periphery of the ratchet wheel are sleeved on the two pawl rotating shafts 15 respectively, and clamp springs 16 are arranged on the two pawl rotating shafts 15 respectively so as to limit the axial movement of the pawls 7 along the pawl rotating shafts 15; and the two pawls 7 are respectively connected with a pawl extension spring 14, one end of the pawl extension spring 14 is connected to the tip end of the pawl 7, and the other end of the pawl extension spring is connected to a spring fastening screw 11 fixed at the upper end of a disc of the drum wheel 6.

The locking mechanism is composed of an arc-shaped block (stop block) 9 and a ratchet wheel 19 in a fixed ratchet wheel guide device and a pawl 7 which can rotate around a pawl rotating shaft 15 and is connected with a pawl extension spring 14, and the locking mechanism is symmetrically distributed in a double-inner locking mechanism.

The buffering part comprises an inner buffering damping device and an outer buffering tension spring. The inner buffer damping device comprises a pair of steel plate springs 4 which are inserted in the central shaft in a staggered way and the tail ends of which are fixed on a safety block 28, a pair of inner buffer tension springs 12 connected between the safety block 28 and a stop block 9 and a pair of inner buffer compression springs 20; the outer buffer tension spring is a first outer buffer tension spring 1 connected to the outer end of the safety rope 21 and/or a second outer buffer tension spring 2 connected to the hook end of the frame 23.

When a worker works high above the ground, the hook end of the rack 23 is relatively fixed and hung at a high position through the second outer buffering extension spring 2, the outer end of the safety rope 21 is hung on a safety belt at the waist of the worker through the first outer buffering extension spring 1, the safety rope 21 follows up along with the work of the worker, when the worker works normally at ordinary times, the rotating speed of the whole mechanism of the drum 6 is very slow, namely, the centrifugal force borne by the pawl 7 at the upper end of the disc of the drum 6 is very small, the drawing force of the pawl extension spring 14 cannot be overcome, the pawl is in contact with the stop pillar 10 and cannot rotate around the pawl rotating shaft 15, therefore, the tip of the pawl 7 cannot be in contact with the tooth socket at the. Once falling during operation, the drum 6 is forced to fall down by a human body, the rotating speed of the drum 6 along the working direction is increased, so that the pawl 7 on the disc of the drum 6 is subjected to a large centrifugal force, the pawl 7 overcomes the tensile force of the pawl tension spring 14 and rotates around the pawl rotating shaft 15, when the rotating speed of the drum reaches the locking rotating speed, the tip end of the pawl 7 swings towards the tooth space direction of the ratchet and is clamped into the ratchet 19, one-time locking is realized to drive the inner buffer damping device to start to play a role, namely the ratchet 19 rotates along the working direction along with the drum, one end of the steel plate spring 4 is fixedly connected with the ratchet 19, the other end of the steel plate spring is in free sliding contact with the central shaft 5, the steel plate spring 4 is bent by the rotation of the ratchet 19, the steel plate spring 4 plays a role in blocking the rotation of the ratchet 19, and meanwhile, a pair of inner buffer tension, the pair of internal buffer compression springs 20 exert thrust on the ratchet wheel to prevent the ratchet wheel from rotating along the working direction, and also play a role in preventing rotation. The combined action of the steel plate spring 4, the inner buffer tension spring 12 and the inner buffer compression spring 20 slows down the rotation speed of the ratchet wheel along the working direction until the ratchet wheel stops rotating, and referring to fig. 13, the secondary locking is realized to stop falling, and the buffer effect is achieved.

Referring to fig. 13, under the combined action of the inner buffer damping devices such as the steel plate spring 4, the inner buffer tension spring 12, the inner buffer pressure spring 20, etc., when the ratchet still cannot stop rotating, the safety block 28 will continue to pull the inner buffer tension spring 12 and push the inner buffer pressure spring 20, so that the inner buffer tension spring 12 is stretched and the inner buffer pressure spring 20 is completely compressed until the safety block, the inner buffer pressure spring, and the arc-shaped plate are in rigid contact, and the drum 6, the pawl 7, and the ratchet 19 stop rotating. Therefore, even if the safety device composed of the safety block, the internal buffering pressure spring, the arc plate and the like cannot prevent the drum wheel 6 and the like from stopping rotating under the condition that the internal buffering damping device cannot prevent the drum wheel 6 and the like from stopping rotating, the drum wheel 6 is stopped through rigid contact among the safety block, the internal buffering pressure spring and the arc plate, and the safety of a user is guaranteed. The safety device can finally stop the rotation of the drum wheel 6 when an extreme condition or an accident condition that the inner buffer damping device fails to work and cannot prevent the drum wheel 6 from stopping the rotation occurs, and the safety device is the last line of defense for ensuring the safety of a user.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 13, when primary locking and secondary locking are realized, or when the drum rotates to the maximum angle and stops rotating due to the action of the safety device, because the speed of the drum is suddenly reduced, two outer buffer tension springs (a first outer buffer tension spring and a second outer buffer tension spring) are stretched, so that the impact is softer when the safety block and the inner buffer pressure spring collide with the stop block 9 for stopping, the acting force of the safety rope on a human body is reduced, the buffer effect is further improved, and the safety of a user is ensured.

Example 2:

referring to embodiment 2 shown in fig. 16-20 (and to fig. 1, 2, 10-12), the main differences from embodiment 1 are: 1) the inner cushion damper device of embodiment 2 has only the leaf spring 4, and does not have the inner cushion tension spring and the inner cushion compression spring of embodiment 1. 2) The leaf spring 4 in embodiment 1 has a head end passing through the central shaft 5 and relatively freely movable, and a tail end fixed to the safety block 28 by the pin 17. The head ends of a plurality of centrosymmetric steel plate springs 4 in the embodiment 2 are fixedly connected with the central shaft 5, and the tail ends of the steel plate springs extend into the sliding grooves formed in the safety block 28 to form free sliding fit with the sliding grooves, so that the pins 17 used for fixing the tail ends of the steel plate springs 4 on the safety block 28 in the embodiment 1 are not needed. 3) The safety device in the embodiment 1 mainly comprises a safety block, an internal buffer pressure spring, an arc-shaped plate and the like; the safety device in embodiment 2 is mainly composed of a safety block, an internal buffer compression spring, an arc-shaped plate and the like, and the internal buffer compression spring in embodiment 1 is not provided.

For embodiment 2, referring to fig. 21, once falling occurs during operation and a human body falls, the rotating speed of the drum 6 is increased, so that the pawl 7 on the disc of the drum 6 is subjected to a large centrifugal force, the pawl 7 overcomes the tensile force of the pawl tension spring 14 and rotates around the pawl rotating shaft 15, when the rotating speed of the drum reaches the locking rotating speed, the tip of the pawl 7 swings towards the tooth space direction of the ratchet and is clamped in the ratchet 19, and one-time locking is realized to drive the inner buffer damping device to start to function, that is, the ratchet 19 rotates along the working direction of the drum, the head end of the steel plate spring 4 is fixedly connected with the central shaft 5, the tail end of the steel plate spring is in free sliding contact with the ratchet 19, the steel plate spring 4 bends due to the rotation of the ratchet 19, and the steel plate spring 4.

Under the combined action of the plurality of steel plate springs 4, when the ratchet wheel can not stop rotating, the ratchet wheel can continue to rotate along the working direction until the safety block is in rigid contact with the arc-shaped plate, referring to fig. 21, the safety device formed by the safety block, the arc-shaped plate and the like enables the drum wheel 6, the pawl 7 and the ratchet wheel 19 to stop rotating, and the occurrence of complete accidents caused by the fact that the steel plate springs 4 cannot prevent the drum wheel 6 from stopping rotating in extreme situations or other accidents is prevented.

Except for the above structural differences, the other structures are substantially the same as those of embodiment 1 and will not be described.

Example 3: referring to fig. 7, example 3 was obtained by removing the internal damper tension spring and the internal damper compression spring in example 1. That is, the inner cushion damper device in embodiment 3 is only a leaf spring. Of course, the safety device in embodiment 3 is mainly composed of a safety block, an arc-shaped plate and the like, and does not have the internal buffer compression spring in embodiment 1.

For embodiment 3, under the combined action of the 2 steel plate springs 4, when the ratchet wheel cannot stop rotating, the ratchet wheel continues to rotate along the working direction until the safety block is in rigid contact with the arc-shaped plate, so that the drum 6, the pawl 7 and the ratchet wheel 19 stop rotating, and the safety device composed of the safety block, the arc-shaped plate and the like stops the drum under the unexpected condition that the drum cannot stop rotating.

Example 4: example 4 was obtained by removing the leaf spring of example 1. That is, the inner cushion damper device in embodiment 4 has only the inner cushion compression spring and the inner cushion tension spring, and does not have the plate spring.

Example 5: example 5 was obtained by removing the leaf spring and the inner tension spring of example 1. That is, the inner cushion damper device in example 5 has only the inner cushion compression spring, and does not have the plate spring and the inner cushion tension spring.

Example 6: example 5 was obtained by removing the leaf springs and the inner damping compression springs of example 1. That is, the inner cushion damper device in example 5 has only the inner cushion tension spring, and does not have the plate spring and the inner cushion compression spring.

For embodiment 6, under the combined action of the 2 inner buffer tension springs, when the ratchet wheel cannot stop rotating, the ratchet wheel continues to rotate along the working direction until the safety block is in rigid contact with the arc-shaped plate, so that the drum 6, the pawl 7 and the ratchet wheel 19 stop rotating, and the safety device composed of the safety block, the arc-shaped plate and the like stops the drum under the unexpected condition that the drum cannot stop rotating.

Example 7: example 7 was obtained by removing the inner cushion tension spring in example 1, that is, the inner cushion damper device in example 7 had only the inner cushion compression spring and the plate spring, and no inner cushion tension spring.

Example 8: example 8 was obtained by removing the internal damping compression springs from example 1, that is, the internal damping device of example 8 had only the internal damping tension springs and the leaf springs, and no internal damping compression springs.

For embodiment 8, under the combined action of the 2 inner buffer tension springs, when the ratchet wheel cannot stop rotating, the ratchet wheel continues to rotate along the working direction until the safety block is in rigid contact with the arc-shaped plate, so that the drum 6, the pawl 7 and the ratchet wheel 19 stop rotating, and the safety device composed of the safety block, the arc-shaped plate and the like stops the drum under the unexpected condition that the drum cannot stop rotating.

In a word, this patent has adopted an integral drum structure, the drum cylindric part of coiling safety rope promptly is a whole with the drum disc (up end) part of fixed pawl, the coil spring dish is also fixed in on the drum, thereby make the whole volume ratio of speed difference safety device compacter, the part number is less, from the safety rope to integral drum, through the pawl, the ratchet arrives the frame again, whole atress link bearing capacity and anti impact fatigue ability are very strong, especially with the safety rope suit on fixing the rope post in the drum cylindric is inside, design benefit, reliable and durable, avoided because of the part is too much on the whole, the safety risk that the assembly precision is difficult to guarantee to bring.

The locking mechanism of the speed difference anti-falling device adopts a centrifugal double-inner locking mechanism, a tooth socket on the periphery of the ratchet wheel is closer to the central shaft than a pawl, and the ratchet wheel is of a circular ring type, so that an inner buffering damping device, a ratchet wheel guiding device, a safety device and the like can be arranged on the inner ring of the ratchet wheel, the structure is compact, and the reliable fixation between the ratchet wheel and a rack is ensured.

The inner buffer damping device and the outer buffer tension spring can reduce the impact force on the human body at the moment of falling and locking, and the inner buffer and the outer buffer are combined, wherein the inner buffer refers to the inner buffer damping device arranged on the inner side of the ratchet wheel; the outer buffer is an outer buffer tension spring (with the diameter of 30mm-80mm and the length of 80mm-200 mm) capable of bearing the falling impact of a human body, the outer buffer tension spring is directly added between the outer end of the safety rope and a hook hung on a safety belt of the human body, and/or between the hook end of the rack and a hook connected to a hanging point on a high-rise building, so that the falling prevention device can effectively reduce the injury of the impact on the human body on the premise of reliable locking.

Claims

1. Buffering formula speed difference anti-falling device includes: the safety rope device comprises a rack (23), a central shaft (5) fixed on the rack (23), a drum wheel (6) rotatably arranged on the central shaft and positioned in the rack, wherein the inner end of a safety rope (21) wound on the drum wheel (6) is fixed on the drum wheel, and the outer end of the safety rope penetrates through the rack (23) and extends outwards; when the drum wheel (6) rotates along the working direction, the safety rope (21) is released, and when the drum wheel rotates along the non-working direction opposite to the working direction, the safety rope (21) is withdrawn; the method is characterized in that: a locking structure comprising a pawl (7) and a ratchet wheel (19) is arranged in a space between a rack (23) and a drum wheel (6), a ratchet wheel guide device is fixed on the rack opposite to the drum wheel, the ratchet wheel (19) can be rotationally arranged on the ratchet wheel guide device relative to the ratchet wheel guide device, the rotation axis of the ratchet wheel (19) is coaxial with the rotation axis of the drum wheel (6), an internal buffering damping device which can apply resistance to the rotating ratchet wheel (19) is arranged between the rack (23) or a part fixed on the rack (23) and the ratchet wheel (19) so that the ratchet wheel stops rotating gradually along the working direction,

the pawl (7) is sleeved on a pawl rotating shaft (15) fixed on the drum wheel (6), a stop column (10) for limiting the pawl (7) to swing around the pawl rotating shaft (15) along a certain direction, namely a rotation stopping direction is arranged on the drum wheel (6), and an elastic element for enabling the pawl (7) to be in a contact state with the stop column (10) in a normal state is arranged between the drum wheel (6) and the pawl (7);

when the rotating speed of the drum wheel (6) rotating around the central shaft (5) along the working direction exceeds the set locking speed, the pawl (7) rotates around the pawl rotating shaft (15) along the locking direction opposite to the rotation stopping direction under the action of centrifugal force, the tip end of the pawl (7) is clamped into the tooth groove of the ratchet wheel (19), the drum wheel (6) and the pawl (7) drive the ratchet wheel (19) to start rotating along the working direction, and at the moment, under the action of the internal buffering damping device, the drum wheel (6), the pawl (7) and the ratchet wheel (19) stop rotating after rotating for a certain angle a.

2. The impact-absorbing differential fall arrest device of claim 1, wherein: tooth grooves are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the ratchet wheel (19); the inner buffering damping device comprises a steel plate spring (4), one end of the steel plate spring (4) is fixed on the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel (19), and the other end of the steel plate spring penetrates through the central shaft (5) and is in sliding fit with the central shaft (5).

3. The impact-absorbing differential fall arrest device of claim 1, wherein: tooth grooves are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the ratchet wheel (19); the inner buffering damping device comprises a steel plate spring (4), one end of the steel plate spring (4) is fixed on the central shaft (5), and the other end of the steel plate spring extends into a sliding groove formed in the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel (19) to be in sliding fit with the sliding groove.

4. The impact-absorbing differential fall arrest device of claim 1, wherein: the inner buffer damping device comprises an inner buffer spring, and two ends of the inner buffer spring are respectively connected with the ratchet wheel (19) and the rack (23); the inner damping spring normally exerts a spring force on the ratchet wheel which causes the ratchet wheel to have a tendency to rotate in the non-working direction.

5. The impact-absorbing differential fall arrest device of claim 1, wherein: the ratchet wheel guiding device comprises an upper baffle plate, a lower baffle plate and an arc plate, wherein the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate are in contact with two end faces of a ratchet wheel (19), the arc plate is fixed between the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate, and the arc surface of the arc plate is in circumferential sliding fit with the ratchet wheel.

6. The cushioned differential fall arrest device according to claim 5, wherein: the inner buffer damping device comprises an inner buffer spring, and two ends of the inner buffer spring are respectively connected with the ratchet wheel (19) and the ratchet wheel guide device; the inner damping spring normally exerts a spring force on the ratchet wheel which causes the ratchet wheel to have a tendency to rotate in the non-working direction.

7. The cushioned differential fall arrest device according to claim 6, wherein: tooth grooves are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the ratchet wheel (19); the arc-shaped plate is in sliding fit with the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel; the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel is provided with a safety block protruding out of the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel, the inner buffer spring is an inner buffer pressure spring, and two ends of the inner buffer pressure spring are respectively connected with the safety block and the arc-shaped plate; when the tip end of the pawl (7) is clamped into the tooth groove of the ratchet wheel (19), the drum wheel (6) and the pawl (7) drive the ratchet wheel (19) to rotate for a certain angle c along the working direction, the inner buffer spring is completely compressed, and at the moment, the arc-shaped plate, the inner buffer pressure spring and the safety block are in rigid contact, so that the drum wheel (6), the pawl (7) and the ratchet wheel (19) stop rotating; c is more than or equal to a.

8. The cushioned differential fall arrest device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: a stop block (9) is arranged on the frame, and a safety block is arranged on the ratchet wheel (19); when the tip end of the pawl (7) is clamped into the tooth groove of the ratchet wheel (19), the drum wheel (6) and the pawl (7) drive the ratchet wheel (19) to rotate for a certain angle b along the working direction, the safety block is contacted with the stop block (9), and the drum wheel (6), the pawl (7) and the ratchet wheel (19) stop rotating; b is more than or equal to a.

9. The cushioned differential fall arrest device according to claim 8, wherein: tooth grooves are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the ratchet wheel (19); the ratchet wheel guiding device comprises an upper baffle plate, a lower baffle plate and an arc-shaped plate, wherein the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate are in contact with two end faces of a ratchet wheel (19), the arc-shaped plate is fixed between the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate, and the arc surface of the arc-shaped plate is in sliding fit with the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel; the stop block (9) and the arc-shaped plate are the same part, and a safety block protruding out of the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel is arranged on the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel.

10. The cushioned differential fall arrest device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the anti-falling device comprises a rack, a safety rope and an outer buffer damping device, wherein the outer buffer damping device comprises an outer buffer tension spring of which one end is connected with the rack and/or the outer end of the safety rope, and the other end of the outer buffer tension spring is used for being connected with a hanging point for hanging the buffer type speed difference anti-falling device and/or a safety belt of a human body.