CN210797523U

CN210797523U - Mechanical retarder and mechanical unloading device comprising same

Info

Publication number: CN210797523U
Application number: CN201921443244.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘洋
Original assignee: Hunan Normal University
Current assignee: Hunan Normal University
Priority date: 2019-09-02
Filing date: 2019-09-02
Publication date: 2020-06-19
Anticipated expiration: 2029-09-02

Abstract

Mechanical retarber and including the mechanical uninstallation device of this retarber, this mechanical retarber comprises trigger and actuator, the trigger is connected with the actuator, through the action of trigger actuator, the actuator includes circulation track and slider, the slider diminishes gradually with the contact force between the circulation track along the gliding in-process of circulation track, the pulling force of suspending the trigger changes from the rated value to zero continuous variation, the slider restores to the throne in-process contact force between slider and the circulation track grow gradually along the circulation track, the pulling force of suspending the trigger changes from zero to the rated value continuous variation. The mechanical unloading device comprises a mechanical retarder, a hooking device, a pulley mechanism and a heavy hammer, wherein the pulley mechanism is connected with the mechanical retarder, the mechanical retarder is connected with the hooking device, and the hooking device is connected with the heavy hammer. The utility model discloses a roller passes through the fixed pulley group and counter weight is balanced, and the quality of roller be the weight of several times of counter weight can, this has reduced the weight requirement to the roller among the practical application, the industry of being convenient for realizes.

Description

Mechanical retarder and mechanical unloading device comprising same

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an uninstallation device specifically relates to a machinery retarber reaches machinery uninstallation device including this retarber.

Background

The dynamic compactor is an engineering machine for impacting and compacting materials or foundations, and is widely applied to construction operation processes of industrial and civil buildings, warehouses, storage yards, docks, airports, highway and railway roadbeds, artificial islands and the like. Impact machines such as dynamic compactors and the like rely on high altitude to release heavy hammers to impact ground for operation. In order to realize the requirements of stable and reliable locking of the heavy hammer and aerial release, the existing dynamic compactor is generally provided with a mechanical detacher. The mechanical detacher can automatically hang and take the heavy hammer and lock the heavy hammer by utilizing the self-locking property of the mechanism, the mechanical detacher and the heavy hammer are lifted to a high altitude of tens of meters by the winch, the connecting rod of the mechanical detacher is pulled by the steel wire rope, the balance state of the mechanism is instantly changed, and the heavy hammer and the mechanical detacher are instantly detached. When the heavy hammer is released, the elastic potential energy stored in the dynamic compactor is immediately released, the dynamic compactor violently rebounds and vibrates, and the mechanical structure and the transmission system are easily damaged prematurely due to frequent unloading and impacting. The presence of a severe unloading impact is a significant drawback of current mechanical decouplers.

CN 106006350A discloses a retarder and a stepless retarding unloading device comprising the same, wherein in the using process, a sliding part of the retarder, namely a roller 9 is connected with a lower pothook device 3 through a lower connecting rod 11, and the lower pothook device 3 is connected with a heavy hammer 15, therefore, the mass of the roller 9 is required to be multiple times of the mass of the heavy hammer 15 to achieve the retarding and damping effects, and the retarding unloading device greatly consumes the lifting capacity of a dynamic compactor and increases the difficulty in practical application as the mass of the roller 9 needs to be very large; the two rollers 9 are difficult to keep falling synchronously in the process of sliding down along the arc-shaped track, the movement of the rollers is usually one fast and one slow under the unconstrained condition, and the faster the fast the slow, the later one roller finishes falling down, the other roller can continue falling down, thus greatly reducing the slow unloading function of the retarder; at the end of the unloading phase, the roller 9 with the large mass collides with the buffer, applying a secondary impact force to the retarder, which excites a violent residual vibration of the crane.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that, overcome above-mentioned background art not enough, provide a mechanical retarber and including the mechanical uninstallation device of this retarber convenient to industry realization.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is, a mechanical retarber comprises trigger and actuator, the trigger is connected with the actuator, through trigger actuator action, the actuator includes circulation track and slider, and the slider gliding in-process contact force between slider and the circulation track diminishes gradually along circulation track gliding contact force, suspends the pulling force of trigger in midair from the rated value to zero continuous variation, and the slider resets the in-process along circulation track, and the pulling force of slider between with circulation track grow gradually, suspends the pulling force of trigger in midair from zero to the rated value continuous variation.

Furthermore, the trigger comprises a base and a pull rod, a sliding block is arranged in the base, idler wheels are respectively arranged on two sides of the bottom of the sliding block, the idler wheels can slide up and down along the inner wall of the base, a transverse through hole is formed in the sliding block, one end of the pull rod penetrates through the through hole of the sliding block and is hinged to the base, and a trigger rope is arranged at the other end of the pull rod; the lower part both sides of base all articulate there is the locking piece, and open the upper end of locking piece has last draw-in groove, and the lower extreme is opened there is lower draw-in groove, and the locking piece has two stable attitudes, and an gesture is vertical attitude, and another gesture is the slope gesture.

Further, the actuator consists of rollers and two circulation tracks which are bilaterally symmetrical, the circulation tracks consist of a lowering section, a reversing section and a resetting section, the lowering section, the reversing section and the resetting section are connected end to form a closed track, the lowering section is in an upward-convex arc shape, the reversing section is in a U shape, the resetting section is in an upward-convex arc shape, the lowering section is connected with the reversing section, the reversing section is connected with the resetting section, the resetting section is connected with the lowering section, rollers are arranged in the circulation tracks and can roll back and forth in the circulation tracks, when the two rollers are positioned at the highest point of the lowering section and are static, the locking block is in a vertical posture, the rollers on the sliding block are clamped in the upper clamping grooves of the locking block, the rollers are clamped in the lower clamping grooves of the locking block, and the outlet of the resetting section is closed by; when the two rollers move in the circulating track, the locking block is in an inclined posture, and the outlet of the resetting section is opened by the locking block.

Further, still be equipped with roller lazytongs on the circulation track, roller lazytongs includes synchronous cover and guide bar, and the guide bar vertically is located between two circulation tracks, and synchronous cover is the rectangular channel structure, and the rectangular channel is transversely installed on the guide bar, and the guide bar axial motion can be followed to the rectangular channel, and two roller cards can slide in the rectangular channel of synchronous cover in the rectangular channel.

Further, the roller includes the roller axle, and the both ends of roller axle are equipped with the counter weight respectively, and the roller axle card is in the lower draw-in groove of locking piece, and the roller quality is 1/2 ~ 2/3 of mechanical retarber quality.

The mechanical unloading device comprises the mechanical retarder, a hook device, a pulley mechanism and a heavy hammer, wherein the pulley mechanism is connected with the mechanical retarder, the mechanical retarder is connected with the hook device, the hook device is connected with the heavy hammer, and the hook device is positioned below the mechanical retarder.

Furthermore, the hooking device is composed of a unhooking rope, a control lever and a hook claw, the control lever is connected with the actuator through the unhooking rope, one end of the unhooking rope is connected to one end of the control lever, the other end of the unhooking rope is connected to the circulating track, the heavy hammer is connected to the lower portion of the hook claw, and the opening and closing of the hook claw are controlled through the control lever, so that the locking and the opening of the heavy hammer by the hook claw are controlled.

Further, the pulley mechanism comprises a hanging ring, a fixed pulley block, a limiting block, a first lifting rope and a second lifting rope, the fixed pulley block is connected to the hanging ring, the fixed pulley block comprises two fixed pulleys with different radiuses, the large pulley and the small pulley are coaxially arranged, the first lifting rope is wound on one side of a pulley groove of the large pulley, the second lifting rope is wound on the other side of the pulley groove of the small pulley, and the ratio of the distance from the first lifting rope to the center of the fixed pulley block to the distance from the second lifting rope to the center of the fixed pulley block is equal to the ratio of the pulling force borne by the second lifting rope to the pulling force borne by the first lifting rope during lifting; the limiting block is arranged on the second lifting rope, the first lifting rope is connected with the base, and the second lifting rope is connected with the hook device.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages as follows:

the utility model discloses mechanical uninstallation device because the roller of mechanical retarber is gliding along the circular orbit with higher speed, the couple ware that the fixed pulley suspends in midair correspondingly descends with higher speed, and the weight follows the couple ware and descends with higher speed together, and the weight is from static to the pulling force that finally breaks off the wire rope that suspends mechanical uninstallation device in midair reduces gradually, has reduced the impact of weight release to dynamic compaction machine; the two rollers of the mechanical retarder synchronously move along the circulating track under the constraint of the synchronous sleeve, the tension variation of the first lifting rope on the mechanical retarder is the sum of the pressure variations of the two rollers on the circulating track in the vertical direction, the synchronous movement of the two rollers increases the tension continuous variation of the suspended mechanical retarder, and the retarding unloading performance of the mechanical retarder is enhanced; in the process that the roller of the mechanical retarder resets along the circulating track, the pressure of the roller on the circulating track is gradually increased, the tension of a steel wire rope suspending the mechanical unloading device is gradually increased, the backward tipping movement of the dynamic compactor is restrained, and the residual vibration of the dynamic compactor is reduced.

The utility model discloses a slider (roller) does not link to each other with the couple ware, and the roller passes through the fixed pulley group and counter weight balance, the quality of roller be the weight the fraction can, mechanical retarber account for the quality of mechanical uninstallation device less, little to the influence of dynamic compactor lifting capacity, the industrial implementation of being convenient for.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the mechanical retarder according to the embodiment of the present invention when it is reset;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the mechanical retarder according to the embodiment of the present invention after being released;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a roller of the mechanical retarder of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the mechanical unloading apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention during the reset;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the mechanical unloading device according to the embodiment of the present invention after releasing the weight.

In the figure: 1-trigger, 2-actuator, 3-hook, 4-pulley mechanism, 5-weight, 11-base, 12-pull rod, 13-trigger rope, 14-locking block, 15-sliding block, 20-circulating track, 21-roller, 22-synchronous sleeve, 23-guide rod, 201-lowering section, 202-reversing section, 203-resetting section, 31-unhooking rope, 32-operating rod, 33-claw, 41-lifting ring, 42-fixed pulley group, 43-limiting block, 44-first lifting rope, 45-second lifting rope, 211-counterweight, 212-roller shaft.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the mechanical retarder of the present embodiment includes a trigger 1 and an actuator 2, where the trigger 1 is connected to the actuator 2, and the actuator 2 is triggered to operate by the trigger 1.

The trigger 1 is composed of a base 11, a pull rod 12, a trigger rope 13, a locking block 14 and a sliding block 15, wherein the sliding block 15 is arranged in the base 11, rollers are respectively arranged on two sides of the bottom of the sliding block 15, the rollers can slide up and down along the inner wall of the base 11, a transverse through hole is arranged on the sliding block 15, one end of the pull rod 12 penetrates through the through hole of the sliding block 15 and is hinged on the base 11, and the trigger rope 13 is arranged at the other end of the pull rod 12; the both sides of the lower part of base 11 respectively are equipped with the ear seat, all articulate on every ear seat has locking piece 14, and the upper end of locking piece 14 is opened there is last draw-in groove, and the lower extreme is opened there is lower draw-in groove, and locking piece 14 has two stable attitudes, and one attitude is vertical attitude, and another attitude is the slope attitude.

The actuator 2 comprises roller 21 and two circulation tracks 20 that bilateral symmetry set up, circulation track 20 is by transferring section 201, switching-over section 202, reset section 203 constitutes, transfer section 201, switching-over section 202, reset section 203 end to end constitutes closed track, transfer section 201 is the bellied arc that makes progress, switching-over section 202 is the U-shaped, reset section 203 is the bellied arc that makes progress, transfer section 201 is connected with switching-over section 202, switching-over section 202 is connected with reset section 203, reset section 203 links to each other with transferring section 201, be equipped with roller 21 in each circulation track 20, refer to fig. 3, roller 21 includes roller shaft 212, the both ends of roller shaft 212 are equipped with counter weight 211 respectively, roller 21 quality is 1/2 ~ 2/3 of mechanical retarder quality. The rollers 21 can roll back and forth in the circulating track 20, when the two rollers 21 are located at the highest point of the lowering section 201 and are static, the locking block 14 is in a vertical posture, the roller on the sliding block 15 is clamped in the upper clamping groove of the locking block 14, the end part of the roller shaft 212 is clamped in the lower clamping groove of the locking block 14, and the outlet of the resetting section 203 is closed by the locking block 14; when the two rollers 21 move in the circulating track 20, the locking block 14 is in an inclined posture, and the locking block 14 opens the outlet of the resetting section 203. The circulating rails 20 are further provided with a roller synchronizing mechanism, the roller synchronizing mechanism comprises a synchronizing sleeve 22 and a guide rod 23, the guide rod 23 is longitudinally arranged between the two circulating rails 20, the synchronizing sleeve 22 is of a rectangular groove structure, the rectangular groove is transversely arranged on the guide rod 23 and can axially move along the guide rod 23, and the end parts of the two roller shafts 212 are clamped in the rectangular groove of the synchronizing sleeve 22 and can slide in the rectangular groove.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the mechanical unloading device of the present embodiment is composed of a mechanical retarder, a hooking device 3, a pulley mechanism 4 and a weight 5, wherein the pulley mechanism 4 is connected to the mechanical retarder, the mechanical retarder is connected to the hooking device 3, the hooking device 3 is connected to the weight 5, and the hooking device 3 is located below the mechanical retarder.

The hooking device 3 is composed of a unhooking rope 31, an operating rod 32 and a hook claw 33, the operating rod 32 is connected with the actuator 2 through the unhooking rope 31, one end of the unhooking rope 31 is connected with one end of the operating rod 32, the other end of the unhooking rope 31 is connected on the circulating track 20, the heavy hammer 5 is connected below the hook claw 33, and the opening and closing of the hook claw 33 are controlled through the operating rod 32, so that the locking and the opening of the heavy hammer 5 by the hook claw 33 are controlled.

The pulley mechanism 4 is composed of a hanging ring 41, a fixed pulley block 42, a limiting block 43, a first lifting rope 44 and a second lifting rope 45, the fixed pulley block 42 is connected to the hanging ring 41, the fixed pulley block 42 is composed of two fixed pulleys with different radiuses, the large pulley and the small pulley are coaxially arranged, the first lifting rope 44 is wound on one side of a pulley groove of the large pulley, the second lifting rope 45 is wound on the other side of the pulley groove of the small pulley, and the ratio of the distance from the first lifting rope 44 to the center of the fixed pulley block 42 to the distance from the second lifting rope 45 to the center of the fixed pulley block 42 is equal to the ratio of the pulling force borne by the second lifting rope 45 to the pulling force borne by the first lifting rope; the limiting block 43 is arranged on the second lifting rope 45, the first lifting rope 44 is connected with the top of the base 11, and the second lifting rope 45 is connected with the hook device 3.

The hook 3 of the mechanical unloading device of this embodiment is a hook in the prior art, and the structure of the hook 3 will not be described in detail and completely in this embodiment.

When the lifting device works, the lifting ring 41 is connected with a hook of the lifting machine through a steel wire rope, the trigger rope 13 is fixed on a crane arm or other fixed points, the hook device 3 automatically hangs the heavy hammer 5 before the lifting machine lifts, the mechanical retarder is lifted away from the ground firstly in the lifting process of the lifting machine, the hook device 3 and the heavy hammer 5 leave the ground again along with the increase of the lifting height, and the mechanical retarder is always kept above the hook device 3 to avoid the contact collision between the hook device and the heavy hammer; the lifting is continued, the trigger rope 13 is gradually tightened, the pull rod 12 is pulled to rotate upwards through the trigger rope 13, the sliding block 15 slides upwards under the action of the pull rod 12, the rollers on two sides of the bottom of the sliding block 15 slide away from the upper clamping grooves of the locking blocks 14, the rollers 21 push the locking blocks 14 downwards under the action of self gravity, and the rollers 21 move downwards along the descending section 201 of the circulating track 20 in an accelerated manner; the synchronous sleeve 22 moves downwards along the guide rod 23 under the thrust action of the rollers 21, and the rollers 21 in the two circulating tracks synchronously slide outwards along the rectangular grooves of the synchronous sleeve 22 while moving downwards; during the downward movement of the roller 21 along the lowering section 201, the component of the contact pressure between the roller 21 and the lowering section 201 in the vertical direction is gradually reduced, and the pulling force on the first lifting rope 44 is reduced; as the pulling force of the first lifting rope 44 is reduced, the whole mechanical retarder moves upwards, the fixed pulley block 42 rotates clockwise, the hook device 3 moves downwards, and the distance between the actuator 2 and the hook device 3 is gradually increased; in the downward movement process of the hook device 3, after the roller 21 enters the reversing section 202, the unhooking rope 31 is tightened, the unhooking rope 31 pulls the operating rod 32, the hook device 3 is triggered to separate the heavy hammer 5, and the heavy hammer 5 is released.

In the process of releasing the heavy hammer 5, the tension of the steel wire rope on the hanging ring 41 is gradually reduced in a smooth curve, the step release of the heavy hammer is converted into stepless slow unloading, the impact of the release of the heavy hammer on a system is reduced, the vibration of a lifting mechanism is small, and the impact damage to a mechanical structure and a transmission system is avoided.

After the weight 5 is released, the roller 21 is reset, and the specific process is as follows: the rollers 21 move upwards along the resetting sections 203 of the circulating tracks 20 under the action of self kinetic energy, the rollers 21 slide inwards along the rectangular grooves of the synchronizing sleeves 22, the rollers 21 in the two circulating tracks 20 move upwards synchronously under the constraint of the synchronizing sleeves 22, the pressure of the rollers 21 on the resetting sections 203 in the vertical direction is gradually increased, the tension on the first lifting rope 44 suspending the mechanical retarder is gradually increased, the tension of the lifting rings 41 is gradually increased, and the backward tipping movement of the dynamic compactor is inhibited; after the heavy hammer 5 is released, the pulling force of the hook device 3 on the second lifting rope 45 is obviously reduced, the upward movement of the mechanical retarder is reduced to zero and then converted into downward movement, and the downward movement of the hook device 3 is reduced to zero and then converted into upward movement until the limiting block 43 clamps the small fixed pulley; the roller 21 pushes the locking block 14 to rotate around a hinge point thereof anticlockwise at the top of the resetting section 203, the sliding block 15 slides downwards under the action of gravity thereof and is clamped in an upper clamping groove of the locking block 14, and the locking block 114 is locked in a vertical state; the roller 21 returns to the initial position (the highest point of the lowering section 201) and is clamped into the lower clamping groove of the locking block 14, the hooking device 3 is synchronously static, and the mechanical retarder returns to the initial state.

The utility model discloses a roller 21 does not link to each other with couple ware 3, and roller 21 passes through the fixed pulley group 42 balanced with weight 5, and the quality of roller 21 be weight 5 the fraction can, this has reduced the weight requirement to roller 21 among the practical application, the industry of being convenient for realizes.

Various modifications and variations of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art, and they are within the scope of the present invention provided they are within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

What is not described in detail in the specification is prior art that is well known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A mechanical retarder is characterized in that: the trigger is connected with the actuator, and the actuator is triggered to act through the trigger, the actuator includes circulation track and slider, and the slider diminishes gradually along the contact force between circulation track gliding in-process slider and the circulation track, and the pulling force of suspending the trigger changes from rated value to zero continuous variation, and the slider resets the in-process along circulation track, and the contact force between slider and the circulation track enlarges gradually, and the pulling force of suspending the trigger changes from zero to rated value continuous variation.

2. The mechanical retarder of claim 1, wherein: the trigger comprises a base and a pull rod, a sliding block is arranged in the base, idler wheels are respectively arranged on two sides of the bottom of the sliding block, the idler wheels can slide up and down along the inner wall of the base, a transverse through hole is formed in the sliding block, one end of the pull rod penetrates through the through hole of the sliding block and is hinged to the base, and a trigger rope is arranged at the other end of the pull rod; the lower part both sides of base all articulate there is the locking piece, and open the upper end of locking piece has last draw-in groove, and the lower extreme is opened there is lower draw-in groove, and the locking piece has two stable attitudes, and an gesture is vertical attitude, and another gesture is the slope gesture.

3. The mechanical retarder of claim 2, wherein: the actuator consists of rollers and two circulation tracks which are bilaterally symmetrical, the circulation tracks consist of a lowering section, a reversing section and a resetting section, the lowering section, the reversing section and the resetting section are connected end to form a closed track, the lowering section is in an upward-convex arc shape, the reversing section is in a U shape, the resetting section is in an upward-convex arc shape, the lowering section is connected with the reversing section, the reversing section is connected with the resetting section, the resetting section is connected with the lowering section, rollers are arranged in the circulation tracks and can roll back and forth in the circulation tracks, when the two rollers are positioned at the highest point of the lowering section and are static, a locking block is in a vertical posture, a roller on a sliding block is clamped in an upper clamping groove of the locking block, the rollers are clamped in a lower clamping groove of the locking block, and the outlet of the resetting section is closed; when the two rollers move in the circulating track, the locking block is in an inclined posture, and the outlet of the resetting section is opened by the locking block.

4. A mechanical retarder according to claim 3, wherein: still be equipped with roller lazytongs on the circulation track, roller lazytongs includes synchronous cover and guide bar, and the guide bar vertically is located between two circulation tracks, and synchronous cover is the rectangular channel structure, and the rectangular channel is transversely installed on the guide bar, and the rectangular channel can be followed the guide bar axial motion, and two roller cards are in the rectangular channel of synchronous cover, can slide in the rectangular channel.

5. A mechanical retarder according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: the roller includes the roller axle, and the both ends of roller axle are equipped with the counter weight respectively, and the roller axle card is in the lower draw-in groove of locking piece, and the roller quality is 1/2 ~ 2/3 of mechanical retarber quality.

6. A mechanical unloading device is characterized in that: the mechanical retarder of any of claims 1-5, further comprising a hook, a pulley mechanism and a weight, wherein the pulley mechanism is connected to the mechanical retarder, the mechanical retarder is connected to the hook, the hook is connected to the weight, and the hook is located below the mechanical retarder.

7. The mechanical unloading device of claim 6, wherein: the hook device is composed of a unhooking rope, a control lever and a hook claw, the control lever is connected with an actuator through the unhooking rope, one end of the unhooking rope is connected to one end of the control lever, the other end of the unhooking rope is connected to the circulating track, the heavy hammer is connected to the lower portion of the hook claw, and the opening and closing of the hook claw are controlled through the control lever, so that the locking and the opening of the heavy hammer by the hook claw are controlled.

8. Mechanical unloading device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: the pulley mechanism comprises a lifting ring, a fixed pulley block, a limiting block, a first lifting rope and a second lifting rope, the fixed pulley block is connected to the lifting ring, the fixed pulley block comprises two fixed pulleys with different radiuses, a large pulley and a small pulley are coaxially arranged, the first lifting rope is wound on one side of a pulley groove of the large pulley, the second lifting rope is wound on the other side of the pulley groove of the small pulley, and the ratio of the distance from the first lifting rope to the center of the fixed pulley block to the distance from the second lifting rope to the center of the fixed pulley block is equal to the ratio of the pulling force borne by the second lifting rope to the pulling force borne by the first lifting rope during lifting; the limiting block is arranged on the second lifting rope, the first lifting rope is connected with the base, and the second lifting rope is connected with the hook device.