CN210768656U - Quick detachable drilling rod and drilling rod auto-control handling equipment thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an easy detachable drilling rod, includes the body of rod and connects connector, connection tail and coupling nut at body of rod both ends, and the connector is equipped with axial quadrangular frustum pyramid, and the connection tail is equipped with the quadrangular pyramid nest, and coupling nut's outer disc is equipped with synchronous pulley. Through the coaxial cooperation of the quadrangular frustum pyramid and the quadrangular pyramid socket, the rapid installation and disassembly of the drill rod are realized, and the drilling rod has the advantages of large bearing torque, long service life, easiness in disassembly, low cost and the like. The automatic drill rod assembling and disassembling equipment applied to the easily detachable drill rod is arranged on one side of a drilling machine and comprises a connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism, a drill rod assembling and disassembling mechanism and a control system. The connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism can assemble and disassemble the connecting nut quickly, and replaces manual operation with mechanical action. The drill rod loading and unloading mechanism is high in automation degree, automatic loading and unloading of the drill rod are achieved, labor intensity of operators is greatly reduced, and working efficiency is improved. The utility model discloses a drilling rod turnover case is capacious, has solved putting, transport, the transportation problem of drilling rod simultaneously.

Description

Quick detachable drilling rod and drilling rod auto-control handling equipment thereof

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel, bridge, mining equipment and specifically relates to a quick detachable drilling rod and drilling rod auto-control handling equipment thereof is related to.

Background

The drilling machine needs to be continuously connected with a drill rod in the working process so as to realize drilling depth, and when the drill rod is connected, the connector of the newly connected drill rod is connected with the connection tail of the drill rod on the drilling machine. The head-tail connection of the existing drill rod is realized through threaded connection, the connector is a shaft with external threads, the connection tail is a hole with internal threads, and the connector and the connection tail are connected together in a threaded manner. In order to ensure that the drill rods do not fall off in the drilled hole, the screwing direction of the threads is consistent with the rotating direction of the drilling machine, and therefore the resistance torque applied to the drill rods in the working process and the torque of the drilling machine enable the threaded connection between the drill rods to be tighter and tighter. So firstly solved the drilling rod problem that drops, secondly the connection between each drilling rod does not rock the clearance, makes whole drilling rod connector have fine guidance quality, and difficult emergence is bored partially. But this also brings about some negative effects.

Although the torque provided by the drilling machine is not very large, the impact applied to the drilling machine during the drilling process causes the threaded connection to be increasingly tightened, and in actual work, when a drill rod is added, the drilling machine does not need to provide too large screwing torque for the threaded connection, but when the drill rod is disassembled, the unscrewing torque provided by the drilling machine is smaller than the screwing torque of the drill rod in many times. The more drill rods are added and connected, the larger the threaded connection torque of the drill rods is, sometimes the torque up to 2000 Nm is needed for unscrewing the threads, and the large torque can be realized only by erecting an oil cylinder with a large cylinder diameter on a construction site and pushing a long force arm. Therefore, disassembly of the drill pipe is time consuming, labor intensive, and inefficient.

In order to improve the connection strength of the threads, the threads of the drill rod are generally large-pitch trapezoidal threads, but under the action of the unidirectional continuous precession torque, a tightening torque of 2000 Nm is finally generated, so that the service life of the threads is greatly influenced, and most of the drill rods are scrapped due to the damaged threads. Therefore, it is necessary to innovate the conventional connection method of the drill rod.

The existing drilling machine usually needs a few drill rods and a few dozens drill rods for drilling one drill hole, and the drill rods need to be connected one by one and then detached one by one. The weight of a single drill rod is about 50kg, and great physical force and time are consumed for manual loading and unloading, so that the efficiency is low, and the economical efficiency is poor.

Due to the fact that the drill rod of the threaded connection structure is used, when the existing drilling machine is connected with the drill rod additionally, the connected drill rod is firstly in threaded connection with the main shaft of the drilling machine and rotates, and then is in threaded connection with the existing drill rod, and automatic installation of the drill rod can be achieved. When the drill rod is disassembled, because both ends of the drill rod are in threaded connection, the threaded connection at one end of the drill rod can only be unscrewed when the main shaft of the drilling machine rotates reversely, and the threaded connection at the other end can only be completed through manual disassembly; if the drill rod with the drill rod screw connection torque larger than the unscrewing torque of the main shaft of the drilling machine is encountered, manual disassembly is also needed, and the problem is solved. Therefore, the prior drilling machine can not realize full-automatic drill rod loading and unloading, and has the problems of large labor capacity and low efficiency.

Many holes are drilled in one project, and a plurality of drilling machines are required to drill simultaneously, so that a large number of drill rods are required. In a construction site, drill rods are usually scattered on two sides of a drilling machine, manual operation is needed when the drill rods are assembled and disassembled, the drill rods need to be carried once when the drilling machine changes a construction station, the labor capacity of an operator is large, and the damage to the drill rods is also large in the disassembling and carrying processes. Therefore, there are also major problems in the placement, handling, transportation and management of the drill rods.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome not enough in the background art, the utility model discloses an easy detachable drilling rod, its aim at: the connecting structure of the drill rod is changed, so that the drill rod is convenient to install and detach, and the service life of the drill rod is prolonged.

Still to this quick detachable drilling rod, disclosed a drilling rod auto-control handling equipment, its aim at: the utility model provides a drilling rod auto-control handling equipment that degree of automation is high, solves the automatic installation of drilling rod, dismantles the problem to and putting, transport, the transportation problem of drilling rod.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a drill rod easy to disassemble comprises a rod body, connectors and connecting tails, wherein the connectors and the connecting tails are connected to two ends of the rod body, the drill rod further comprises a connecting nut, one drill rod connector is connected with the other drill rod connecting tail, the connectors are provided with axial quadrangular frustum tables, the connecting tails are provided with quadrangular frustum pits corresponding to the quadrangular frustum tables in shape, and the outer circular surface of the connecting nut is provided with a synchronous belt pulley; and positioning grooves for orienting the rectangular pyramid frustum and the rectangular pyramid nest are arranged at the two ends of the rod body.

In order to further improve the technical scheme, the connecting head is provided with an external thread corresponding to the internal thread of the connecting nut; a compression joint shaft shoulder with the diameter larger than that of the rest part is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the connection tail and the part close to the outer end surface; the connecting nut is provided with a crimping sleeve with the inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the inner thread of the connecting nut, and the connecting nut is coaxially arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the connecting tail; the annular is established to the one end that is close to the body of rod on the outer face of cylinder of connecting the tail, installs the jump ring in the annular, coupling nut is located between crimping shaft shoulder and the jump ring.

In order to further improve the technical scheme, the screwing direction of the connecting nut and the connecting head is opposite to the rotating direction of the drill rod.

The utility model provides a be applied to drilling rod auto-control handling equipment of quick detachable drilling rod, includes coupling nut loading and unloading mechanism, drilling rod loading and unloading mechanism and control system.

The connecting nut loading and unloading mechanism is arranged between a main shaft box of the drilling machine and a drill rod drill lifter and comprises a power box body, a driving synchronous belt pulley is arranged on the power box body and is connected with a connecting nut on a drill rod through a synchronous belt, and a driving motor on the power box body is connected with the driving synchronous belt pulley; a pair of tensioning arms is hinged on the power box body, and a telescopic cylinder for opening and closing the tensioning arms is arranged between the pair of tensioning arms; a tensioning wheel for tensioning the synchronous belt is arranged at the free end of each tensioning arm; the power box body is connected with a linear motion pair parallel to the drilling direction of the drilling machine, and can move in parallel relative to the drilling machine under the driving of the walking motor.

The drill rod loading and unloading mechanism is arranged on one side of the drilling machine and comprises a guide rail seat, a sliding table and a drill rod turnover box; the guide rail seat and the sliding table are a group of linear guide rail motion pairs driven by a first servo motor, wherein the motion direction of the linear guide rail motion pairs is perpendicular to the drilling direction of the drilling machine; a rotating arm is horizontally hinged on the sliding table and connected with a rotating oil cylinder, wherein the rotating axis of the rotating arm is perpendicular to the moving direction of the sliding table; a lifting arm is arranged at the free end of the rotating arm and is in sliding connection with the rotating arm through a linear guide rail kinematic pair driven by a second servo motor, wherein the motion direction of the lifting arm is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating arm; one end of the lifting arm is connected with a loading and unloading arm, and the free end of the loading and unloading arm is connected with an electromagnetic chuck for grabbing and releasing a drill rod.

The drill rod turnover box is provided with a plurality of layers of horizontal box grooves for transversely taking and placing drill rods, and the opening ends of the horizontal box grooves face the guide rail seat and are perpendicular to the motion direction of the linear guide rail kinematic pair; a positioning strip corresponding to a positioning groove of the drill rod is arranged in the horizontal box groove, and a movable stop pin for preventing the drill rod from falling out is arranged at the opening end of the horizontal box groove; the thickness of the loading arm and the thickness of the electromagnetic chuck are both smaller than the height of the horizontal box groove.

The control system is connected with the connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism, the drill rod assembling and disassembling mechanism and the drilling machine.

In order to further improve the technical scheme, a speed reducer is arranged in the power box body, and the driving motor is connected with a driving synchronous belt pulley through the speed reducer; the linear motion pair comprises a pair of guide posts, a guide sleeve motion pair and a group of screw rod and nut matching pairs, wherein the guide posts and the screw rods are arranged on the drilling machine and are parallel to the drilling direction of the drilling machine; the guide sleeve and the nut motor are arranged on the power box body, and the lead screw is connected with the walking motor.

In order to further improve the technical scheme, the tension wheel and the driving synchronous pulley are respectively provided with a flange for preventing the synchronous belt from axially moving; the tensioning arm is provided with an anti-falling ring for preventing the synchronous belt from falling off, and a belt body of the synchronous belt penetrates through the anti-falling ring; an anti-drop plate for preventing the synchronous belt from dropping is arranged on the power box body and around the periphery of the synchronous belt.

In order to further improve the technical scheme, the guide rail seat is provided with a guide rail and a rack parallel to the guide rail; the sliding table is provided with a guide rail groove corresponding to the guide rail and a transmission gear correspondingly meshed with the rack, wherein the transmission gear is connected with the first servo motor through a speed reducer.

In order to further improve the technical scheme, the rotating oil cylinder is a rotating oil cylinder with a fixed rotation angle of 180 degrees.

In order to further improve the technical scheme, the lifting arm is a square sliding column, and an axial rack is arranged on the square sliding column; the rotating arm is provided with a square sliding chute corresponding to the square sliding column and a transmission gear correspondingly meshed with the rack, wherein the transmission gear is connected with the second servo motor through a speed reducer.

In order to further improve the technical scheme, the loading and unloading arm is perpendicular to the lifting arm, and the electromagnetic chuck is provided with a semicircular groove corresponding to the outer circular surface of the drill rod.

Owing to adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, compare the background art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

the utility model discloses a drilling rod passes through the coaxial cooperation of quadrangular frustum and quadrangular pyramid nest, has realized quick installation, the dismantlement of drilling rod. Compared with the threaded connection in the background technology, the novel bearing device has the remarkable advantages of large bearing torque, long service life, easiness in disassembly, low comprehensive cost and the like.

The utility model discloses a coupling nut loading and unloading mechanism can load and unload coupling nut fast to mechanical action has replaced manual operation, has reduced operator's intensity of labour by a wide margin, and has improved work efficiency remarkably.

The utility model discloses a drilling rod loading and unloading mechanism compact structure, self-adaptability are good, degree of automation is high, have realized the automatic installation of drilling rod, have dismantled, have reduced operator's intensity of labour by a wide margin to work efficiency has been improved remarkably.

The utility model discloses a drilling rod turnover case is capacious, satisfies the needs of most excavation drilling, has solved putting, transport, the transportation problem of drilling rod simultaneously.

The utility model discloses a drilling rod connection structure has broken through drilling rod threaded connection's mode, has creativity. The utility model discloses a drilling rod auto-control handling equipment realizes the auto-control handling of this drilling rod with the technical scheme who is different from current dismantlement mode, also has creativity.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a drill rod.

Fig. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of two drill rods in a connected state.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a coupling nut attaching and detaching mechanism.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection between the connecting nut attaching and detaching mechanism and the drilling machine.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the connecting nut attaching and detaching mechanism with the timing belt in a relaxed state.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a drill rod handling mechanism.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of the drill rod handling mechanism to the drilling rig.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the drill rod turnover box.

Fig. 9-19 are schematic views of the operation of the automatic drill pipe handling device.

In the figure: 1. a drill stem; 1.1, a rod body; 1.2, a connector; 1.3, connecting tail; 1.4, connecting a nut; 1.5, positioning a groove; 2. a connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism; 2.1, a power box body; 2.2, driving a synchronous belt pulley; 2.3, synchronous belts; 2.4, tensioning arms; 2.5, a telescopic cylinder; 2.6, a tension wheel; 2.7, preventing ring dropping; 2.8, an anti-drop plate; 2.9, a walking motor; 3. a drill rod loading and unloading mechanism; 3.1, guide rail seats; 3.2, a sliding table; 3.3, rotating arm; 3.4, a lifting arm; 3.5, assembling and disassembling arms; 3.6, electromagnetic chuck; 3.7, a drill rod turnover box; 3.8, rotating the oil cylinder; 4. A main spindle box of a drilling machine; 5. drill rod holds up borer ware.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For example, although the present invention has been described in the horizontal position with reference to the drawings, it does not prevent the use of the present invention in other orientations, and one skilled in the art can make adjustments as needed to suit a particular application.

An easily detachable drill rod comprises a rod body 1.1, connectors 1.2 connected to two ends of the rod body 1.1, a connection tail 1.3 and a connection nut 1.4 used for connecting one drill rod connector 1.2 with the other drill rod connection tail 1.3, as shown in figures 1 and 2. The connector 1.2 is equipped with axial four pyramid frustum, and the central line of positive four pyramid frustum is coaxial with the body of rod 1.1, the connection tail 1.3 is equipped with the four pyramid nest corresponding with four pyramid frustum shape, and the central line of positive four pyramid nest is coaxial with the body of rod 1.1. When the two drill rods 1 are connected end to end, the regular quadrangular pyramid platform of one drill rod 1 is inserted into the regular quadrangular pyramid socket of the other drill rod 1 and is in contact with the edge surfaces corresponding to the regular quadrangular pyramid sockets in a fitting manner, so that the two drill rods 1 are coaxially connected.

In order to connect the two drill rods 1 end to end, any one of the connector 1.2 and the connection tail 1.3 is provided with an external thread, and the other one is provided with a connection nut 1.4 corresponding to the external thread. The function of the connecting nut 1.4 is to connect the connector 1.2 and the connector tail 1.3 together. In this embodiment, the external thread is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the connector 1.2, and a crimping shaft shoulder with a diameter larger than that of the rest part is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the connector tail 1.3 and a part close to the outer end surface; the connecting nut 1.4 is provided with a crimping sleeve with the inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the internal thread of the connecting nut, and the connecting nut 1.4 is coaxially arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the connecting tail 1.3. When the connecting nut 1.4 on one drill rod 1 is screwed with the external thread on the connecting head 1.2 of another drill rod 1, the crimping sleeve presses the crimping shaft shoulder, so that the connecting head 1.2 and the connecting tail 1.3 are crimped together. The connector 1.2 and the connector tail 1.3 are pressed together, so that the regular quadrangular frustum pyramid and the regular quadrangular pyramid socket form reliable fit.

Because the structural strength is high, the contact surface is large, the regular quadrangular frustum pyramid can bear the torque far greater than the threaded connection by being matched with the regular quadrangular pyramid socket, and the use of the regular quadrangular frustum pyramid socket is not hindered even if the regular quadrangular pyramid. The regular quadrangular pyramid frustum and the regular quadrangular pyramid socket have conicity, and the conicity has the functions of facilitating disassembly and assembly and transmitting torque and axial force. The drilling machine applies axial thrust and rotation torque to the drill rod 1 during drilling, the axial thrust is far greater than the reverse axial force generated by the conical surface during rotation, therefore, under the connecting action of the axial thrust and the connecting nut 1.4, the regular rectangular pyramid platform and the regular rectangular pyramid socket are matched and connected together all the time, no gap swing exists, and the connection is rigid. The rigid connection enables a plurality of drill rods 1 to form an integral long rod, so that the drill rod has good guidance performance and is not easy to cause drilling deviation. And the connector 1.2 without taper is connected with the connection tail 1.3, even if the detachable fit of the cylindrical head of the connector 1.2 and the cylindrical hole of the connection tail 1.3 has more precision, a shaking gap is inevitably generated, after the plurality of drill rods 1 are connected, the swinging amplitude of the whole drill rod 1 is very large due to the superposition and amplification of the plurality of shaking gaps, and the guiding error of the drill bit is also larger. The influence of the factors such as the assembling and disassembling convenience of the drill rod 1, the transmitted torque, the axial thrust and the like on the service life and the manufacturing cost of the drill rod 1 is comprehensively considered, and the taper angle of the regular quadrangular frustum is optimal when the taper angle is 10 degrees.

The utility model discloses the positive quadrangular frustum pyramid of drilling rod 1 all has comparatively complicated shape with positive quadrangular pyramid nest, nevertheless does not mean to have higher processing cost.

The utility model discloses a drilling rod 1 divide into the triplex and makes, and the positive rectangular pyramid platform of connector 1.2, the positive rectangular pyramid nest of connecting tail 1.3 adopt the die forging shaping, then is a whole through the friction weld welding with the body of rod 1.1 after the machining, and friction weld welding area is big, welding strength is high, can satisfy the moment of torsion requirement of drilling rod 1 completely. The conventional die forging technology can achieve the degree of no machining, and the regular rectangular pyramid frustum and the regular rectangular pyramid socket can meet the matching requirement without machining. The difficult processing problem of positive quadrangular frustum pyramid platform and positive quadrangular pyramid nest has been solved to the die forging technology, compares current thread machining mode, the utility model discloses a drilling rod 1 has the advantage that joint strength is high, long service life, comprehensive cost are low.

In order to prevent that coupling nut 1.4 from slipping into the body of rod 1.1, on the outer face of cylinder of connecting tail 1.3, establish the annular near the one end of the body of rod 1.1, install the jump ring in the annular, coupling nut 1.4 is located between crimping shaft shoulder and the jump ring.

In order to prevent the drill rod 1 from loosening and falling off during the drilling process, the screwing direction of the connecting nut 1.4 and the connecting head 1.2 is opposite to the rotating direction of the drill rod 1. Thus, the friction torque exerted by the drill hole wall on the coupling nut 1.4 during drilling will keep the coupling nut 1.4 tightened. Although the drilled hole wall also generates a tightening torque for the coupling nut 1.4, this tightening torque is occasional, non-continuous and not substantial, since the diameter of the drilled hole is larger than the diameter of the coupling nut 1.4, and the coupling nut 1.4 only occasionally comes into contact with the drilled hole wall.

In order to facilitate the identification of the position of the regular quadrangular frustum pyramid and the regular quadrangular pyramid socket in a matched manner, four positioning grooves 1.5 for the directional connection of the quadrangular frustum pyramid and the regular quadrangular pyramid socket are arranged at the two ends of the rod body 1.1. Therefore, the drill rod 1 can be connected without observing the corresponding state of the quadrangular frustum pyramid and the regular quadrangular pyramid socket, and the automation of the installation and the removal of the drill rod 1 is convenient to realize.

In this embodiment, the coupling nut 1.4 is not designed into a common external hexagon, but a plurality of axial synchronous pulley grooves are uniformly distributed on the external cylindrical surface thereof. Such a design is intended to reduce the diameter of the drill rod 1 and to facilitate the quick screwing or unscrewing of the coupling nut 1.4 in conjunction with a special rotary assembly-disassembly mechanism.

The utility model discloses a drilling rod passes through the coaxial cooperation of quadrangular frustum and quadrangular pyramid nest, has realized quick installation, the dismantlement of drilling rod 1. Compare threaded connection, the utility model has the advantages of it is big, joint strength is high, long service life, easily dismantlement to bear the moment of torsion, and comprehensive cost low grade is showing.

The automatic drill rod assembling and disassembling equipment applied to the easily detachable drill rod is arranged on one side of a drilling machine and comprises a connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism 2, a drill rod assembling and disassembling mechanism 3 and a control system. In the embodiment, the drilling machine is a horizontal drilling machine and is used for cutting and drilling mountains and tunnels.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the connecting nut dismounting mechanism 2 includes a power case 2.1, a driving synchronous pulley 2.2 is disposed on the power case 2.1, and the driving synchronous pulley 2.2 is connected with a synchronous pulley on the connecting nut 1.4 through a synchronous belt 2.3. The synchronous belt transmission has the advantages that firstly, the transmission is flexible, the belt teeth on the synchronous belt 2.3 are easy to be meshed with the tooth grooves on the driving synchronous belt wheel 2.2 and the synchronous belt wheel, and the rigid impact is avoided; the synchronous transmission is not easy to slip, so that the transmission torque is large, the efficiency is high, and the torque requirement required by disassembling the connecting nut 1.4 can be completely met; thirdly, the connecting nut 1.4 can move axially after rotating, and the synchronous belt 2.3 moves axially along with the connecting nut. Because the axial displacement distance of coupling nut 1.4 is not big, hold-in range 2.3 can realize following the removal through the elastic deformation of self completely.

A speed reducer is arranged in the power box body 2.1, the driving motor is connected with the speed reducer in the power box body 2.1, the driving synchronous belt wheel 2.2 is connected with the speed reducer, and the speed reducer is used for increasing the torque of the driving synchronous belt wheel 2.2. The power box body 2.1 is connected with a linear motion pair parallel to the drilling direction of the drilling machine, and the power box body 2.1 can move in parallel relative to the drilling machine under the driving of the walking motor. In the embodiment, the linear motion pair comprises a pair of guide posts, a guide sleeve motion pair and a group of screw rod and nut matching pairs, wherein the guide posts and the screw rods are arranged on the drilling machine and are parallel to the drilling direction of the drilling machine; the guide sleeve and the nut motor are arranged on the power box body 2.1, and the walking motor is connected with the lead screw. In the process of disassembling and assembling the drill rod 1, the connecting nuts 1.4 at the two ends of the drill rod 1 need to be respectively assembled and disassembled, so the connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism 2 needs to move at the two ends of the drill rod 1. The connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism 2 can move at two ends of the drill rod 1 under the driving of the linear motion pair walking motor.

When the drilling machine drills, the drilling machine drills holes while additionally connecting a drill rod 1; when the drill bit is withdrawn, the drilling machine withdraws the drill rod 1 and simultaneously dismantles the drill rod 1. Therefore, only when the drill rod 1 is mounted or dismounted, the synchronous belt 2.3 is connected with the synchronous belt wheel on the connecting nut 1.4; when the drilling machine drills or screws out, the synchronous belt 2.3 is separated from the synchronous belt wheel on the connecting nut 1.4, and the influence of the synchronous belt 2.3 on the drill rod 1 is avoided. In order to realize the connection or disconnection action of the synchronous belt 2.3 and a synchronous belt wheel on the connecting nut 1.4, a pair of tensioning arms 2.4 is hinged on the power box body 2.1, and a telescopic cylinder 2.5 used for opening and closing the tensioning arms is arranged between the pair of tensioning arms 2.4. A tension wheel 2.6 is arranged at the free end of each tension arm 2.4. When the drill rod 1 needs to be installed or disassembled, the telescopic cylinder 2.5 is contracted, the pair of tensioning arms 2.4 is folded inwards, the two tensioning wheels 2.6 tension the synchronous belt 2.3, at the moment, the synchronous belt 2.3 is connected with the synchronous belt pulley on the connecting nut 1.4, and the motor rotates to install or disassemble the connecting nut 1.4. When the drilling machine drills or screws out, the telescopic cylinder 2.5 extends, the pair of tensioning arms 2.4 opens outwards, at the moment, the synchronous belt 2.3 is in a loose state, the synchronous belt 2.3 is disconnected with the synchronous belt pulley on the connecting nut 1.4, and the synchronous belt 2.3 is prevented from influencing the screwing-in and screwing-out of the drill rod 1.

As shown in fig. 5, when the synchronous belt 2.3 is in a relaxed state, the synchronous belt 2.3 falls off after being separated from the constraint of the driving synchronous pulley 2.2 and the tension pulley 2.6, and the subsequent loading and unloading work of the connecting nut 1.4 is affected by the falling off. Therefore, the tensioning wheel 2.6 and the driving synchronous belt wheel 2.2 are both provided with flanges for preventing the synchronous belt 2.3 from axially shifting. The flanges can prevent the synchronous belt 2.3 from axially shifting and falling off, but cannot prevent the synchronous belt 2.3 from radially loosening and falling off. Therefore, the technical scheme is further improved, the tension arm 2.4 is provided with an anti-drop ring 2.7 for preventing the synchronous belt 2.3 from dropping, and the belt body of the synchronous belt 2.3 penetrates through the anti-drop ring 2.7. The anti-slip ring 2.7 is only provided with a small opening for the belt body of the synchronous belt 2.3 to pass in and out, and the synchronous belt 2.3 cannot slip out of the anti-slip ring 2.7 under normal conditions. And an anti-drop plate 2.8 for preventing the synchronous belt 2.3 from dropping off is arranged on the power box body 2.1 and around the periphery of the synchronous belt 2.3. Therefore, the loosening amount of the synchronous belt 2.3 is limited at one side of the driving synchronous belt wheel 2.2, so that the synchronous belt 2.3 can only be loosened at one end of the drill rod 1, and the synchronous belt 2.3 cannot fall off.

The utility model discloses a coupling nut loading and unloading mechanism 2 can load and unload coupling nut 1.4 fast, can accomplish the installation or the dismantlement to coupling nut 1.4 basically in 2 seconds, and efficiency is very high.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the drill rod handling mechanism 3 includes a guide rail seat 3.1 and a sliding table 3.2, and the guide rail seat 3.1 and the sliding table 3.2 are a set of linear guide rail kinematic pairs driven by a first servo motor. The guide rail seat 3.1 is horizontally arranged at one side of the drilling machine, and the guide rail seat 3.1 can be integrally connected with the drilling machine or can be arranged independently of the drilling machine. In this embodiment, the rail seat 3.1 is perpendicular to the drilling machine and is integrally connected with the drilling machine. The guide rail seat 3.1 is provided with a guide rail and a rack parallel to the guide rail; the sliding table 3.2 is provided with a guide rail groove corresponding to the guide rail and a transmission gear correspondingly meshed with the rack, wherein the transmission gear is connected with the first servo motor through a speed reducer. The sliding table 3.2 is driven by the first servo motor to move horizontally along the direction vertical to the drilling machine.

A rotating arm 3.3 is horizontally hinged on the sliding table 3.2, the rotating arm 3.3 is connected with a rotating oil cylinder 3.8, the rotating oil cylinder 3.8 is a rotating oil cylinder with a fixed angle of 180 degrees, and the rotating arm 3.3 can only rotate with the fixed angle of 180 degrees. The rotation axis of the rotating arm 3.3 is arranged perpendicular to the direction of movement of the slide table 3.2.

A lifting arm 3.4 is arranged at the free end of the rotating arm 3.3, the lifting arm 3.4 is a square sliding column, and an axial rack is arranged on the square sliding column; the rotating arm 3.3 is provided with a square sliding chute corresponding to the square sliding column and a transmission gear correspondingly meshed with the rack, wherein the transmission gear is connected with the second servo motor through a speed reducer. The direction of movement of the lifting arm 3.4 is arranged perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the swivel arm 3.3.

One end of the lifting arm 3.4 is connected with a loading and unloading arm 3.5, and the loading and unloading arm 3.5 is arranged perpendicular to the lifting arm 3.4. The free end of the loading arm 3.5 is connected with an electromagnetic chuck 3.6 used for grabbing and placing the drill rod 1, and the electromagnetic chuck 3.6 is provided with a semicircular groove corresponding to the excircle surface of the drill rod 1.

As shown in fig. 8, the drill rod handling mechanism 3 further includes a drill rod turnover box 3.7, the drill rod turnover box 3.7 is provided with a plurality of layers of horizontal pockets for laterally taking and placing the drill rods 1, and the drill rods 1 are laterally placed in the horizontal pockets. In this embodiment, the drill rod turnover box 3.7 is provided with five layers of horizontal box grooves, ten drill rods 1 can be placed in each layer of horizontal box grooves, and each drill rod turnover box 3.7 can store fifty drill rods 1, so that the requirement of most of excavation drilling holes can be met. The opening end of the horizontal box groove faces the guide rail seat 3.1 and is vertical to the motion direction of the linear guide rail motion pair. The horizontal casket inslot is provided with the location strip that corresponds with constant head tank 1.5 of drilling rod 1, and the effect of location strip is: the rectangular pyramid heads of the connectors 1.2 of the drill rod 1 can be arranged in order, so that the rectangular pyramid heads can be aligned and matched with the rectangular pyramid sockets when the drill rod 1 is additionally connected.

The opening end of the horizontal box groove is provided with a movable stop pin for preventing the drill rod 1 from falling out, when the drill rod 1 is not used any more, the movable stop pin falls down to block the opening of the horizontal box groove, so that the drill rod 1 can be prevented from falling, and meanwhile, the drill rod turnover box 3.7 is convenient to carry and transport in a transition mode. In order to realize that the loading and unloading arm 3.5 and the electromagnetic chuck 3.6 enter the horizontal box groove to pick and place the drill rod 1, the thicknesses of the loading and unloading arm 3.5 and the electromagnetic chuck 3.6 are both smaller than the height of the horizontal box groove.

The control system is connected with the first servo motor, the rotary oil cylinder 3.8, the second servo motor, the electromagnetic chuck 3.6, the walking motor, the driving motor and the drilling machine. The control system is used for controlling the loading and unloading of the connecting nut 1.4 of the drill rod 1, the automatic installation and the disassembly of the drill rod 1 on the drilling machine, and the grabbing and the storage of the drill rod 1 in the turnover box 3.7.

The following combines the rig, briefly explains the utility model discloses a working process:

the drilling machine is provided with a guide rail, a main shaft box 4 of the drilling machine can move along the guide rail, a main shaft of the main shaft box 4 of the drilling machine is connected with a quadrangular pyramid head, and the quadrangular pyramid head is matched with a quadrangular pyramid socket of the drill rod 1 and used for providing rotation torque for the drill rod 1. Drill rod lifter 5 is fixed at the end of the guide rail, and the drill rod lifter 5 is used for supporting the drill rod 1 and clamping the drill rod 1 during the assembly and disassembly of the drill rod 1.

When the drilling machine needs to additionally connect the drill rod 1:

as shown in fig. 9, a drill rod supporting device 5 clamps an added drill rod 1, a walking motor 2.9 drives a connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism 2 to be located at one end of the drill rod supporting device 5, a synchronous belt 2.3 is sleeved on a connecting nut 1.4 of the added drill rod 1, and a drill spindle box 4 is located at the other end of a guide rail to reserve a space for newly adding the drill rod 1. At the moment, the rotating arm 3.3 is rotated to one side of the drill rod turnover box 3.7, and meanwhile, the control system controls the lifting arm 3.4 to move up and down through the second servo motor according to the storage condition of the drill rod 1 in the drill rod turnover box 3.7, so that the loading and unloading arm 3.5 and the electromagnetic chuck 3.6 can be aligned to the corresponding horizontal box groove. Then, the control system controls the sliding table 3.2 to move towards the drill rod turnover box 3.7 through the first servo motor, so that the loading and unloading arm 3.5 and the electromagnetic chuck 3.6 extend into the horizontal box groove, power is supplied to the electromagnetic chuck 3.6, and the electromagnetic chuck 3.6 magnetically attracts the drill rod 1.

As shown in fig. 10, after the electromagnetic chuck 3.6 magnetically attracts the drill rod 1, the control system controls the sliding table 3.2 to move to one side of the drilling machine through the first servo motor, so that the drill rod 1 is horizontally moved out of the drill rod turnover box 3.7.

As shown in fig. 11, the control system controls the rotary oil cylinder 3.8 to rotate 180 degrees, the drill rod 1 is rotated to one side of the drilling machine, at this time, a fall exists between the height of the drill rod 1 and the installation height of the drill rod 1 on the drilling machine, and the second servo motor controls the lifting arm 3.4 to move downwards, so that the height of the drill rod 1 is equal to the installation height of the drill rod 1 on the drilling machine.

As shown in fig. 12, the control system controls the sliding table 3.2 to move to the drilling machine side through the first servo motor, so that the drill rod 1 is coaxial with the main shaft of the main shaft box 4 of the drilling machine.

As shown in fig. 13, the main shaft box 4 of the drilling machine moves towards the end of the drill rod supporter 5, so that the rectangular pyramid head on the main shaft of the main shaft box 4 of the drilling machine is inserted into the rectangular pyramid socket of the drill rod 1, and then the drilling machine continues to move towards the end of the drill rod supporter 5. Because the electromagnetic chuck 3.7 and the drill rod 1 are magnetically attracted, the drill rod 1 can slide relative to the electromagnetic chuck 3.7, and therefore, the drill rod 1 still keeps a clamped state by the electromagnetic chuck 3.7. Then the rectangular pyramid head at the end of the drill rod 1 connector 1.2 is inserted into the rectangular pyramid socket of the additionally connected drill rod 1, the drill rod 1 does not need to be clamped by the electromagnetic chuck 3.7, and the electromagnetic chuck 3.7 is powered off. Under the control of the control system, the sliding table 3.2 moves to one side of the drill rod turnover box 3.7, meanwhile, the rotary oil cylinder 3.8 rotates in the reverse direction for 180 degrees, and the lifting arm 3.4 moves upwards to prepare for next grabbing.

As shown in fig. 14, the traveling motor 2.9 drives the connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism 2 to move at two ends of the drill rod 1, respectively screws the connecting nut 1.4 at the end of the drill rod drill lifter 5 and the connecting nut 1.4 at the end of the main spindle box 4 of the drilling machine, and the synchronous belt 2.3 is always sleeved outside the drill rod 1 and is only contacted with the drill rod 1 when the connecting nut 1.4 is screwed. Then the walking motor 2.9 drives the connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism to be positioned at the end of the drill rod drill lifter 5, so that the movement of the main spindle box 4 of the drilling machine is prevented from being hindered.

Repeating the steps, and realizing the additional connection of the drill rod 1.

When the drilling machine needs to disassemble the drill rod 1:

as shown in fig. 15, the drill spindle box 4 pulls the drill rod 1 back to the dismounting position from the drill hole, the connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism 2 at the end of the drill rod drill lifter 5 unscrews the connecting nut 1.4 at the end of the drill rod drill lifter 5, and then the drill spindle box 4 side is moved to stand by. At the moment, the control system controls the drill rod assembling and disassembling mechanism 3 to move, so that the electromagnetic chuck 3.7 clamps the drill rod 1, then the main spindle box 4 of the drilling machine moves backwards, the quadrangular pyramid head of the drill rod 1 is pulled out from the quadrangular pyramid socket of the drill rod 1 clamped by the drill rod supporting device 5, and the connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism 2 unscrews the connecting nut 1.4 at the end of the main spindle box 4 of the drilling machine.

As shown in fig. 16, the drill rod 1 does not fall off due to the clamping by the electromagnetic chuck 3.7. The drill spindle head 4 is moved backwards again, so that the quadrangular pyramid head on the spindle of the drill spindle head 4 is pulled out of the quadrangular pyramid socket of the drill rod 1. The connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism 2 also moves backwards along with the main spindle box 4 of the drilling machine. At this time, the rotation space of the drill rod 1 is not obstructed.

As shown in fig. 17, the sliding table 3.2 moves towards the drill rod turnover box 3.7, the electromagnetic chuck 3.7 clamps the drill rod 1 to move towards one side 3.7 of the turnover box, at this time, the drill rod 1 loading and unloading position of the drilling machine is emptied, and the connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism 2 moves towards the end of the drill rod drill lifter 5.

As shown in fig. 18, the control system controls the rotary oil cylinder 3.8 to rotate 180 degrees in the reverse direction according to the storage condition of the drill rod 1 in the drill rod turnover box 3.7, the lifting arm 3.4 moves downwards, the sliding table 3.2 moves towards the drill rod turnover box 3.7, and the loading and unloading arm 3.5 and the electromagnetic chuck 3.6 extend into the horizontal box groove. The electromagnetic chuck 3.6 is then de-energized and the drill rod 1 is placed in the horizontal pocket. At the moment, the connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism 2 is positioned at the end of the drill rod lifter 5, the drill machine spindle box 4 moves towards the drill rod lifter 5, and the rectangular pyramid head on the spindle of the drill machine spindle box 4 is inserted into the rectangular pyramid socket of the next drill rod 1. The connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism 2 screws the connecting nut 1.4 of the next drill rod 1 at the end of the drill rod drill lifter 5, so that the main shaft box 4 of the drilling machine is connected with the next drill rod.

As shown in fig. 19, the drill rod lifter 5 releases the next drill rod 1, the main spindle box 4 of the drilling machine moves backwards, and the next drill rod 1 is pulled to reach the loading and unloading position of the drill rod 1. At this time, the sliding table 3.2 moves to one side of the drilling machine, the rotary oil cylinder 3.8 rotates reversely by 180 degrees again, and the lifting arm 3.4 moves upwards to be ready to grab a next drill rod 1.

The disassembly of the drill rod 1 is realized by repeating the steps.

Therefore, the utility model discloses a drilling rod loading and unloading mechanism 3 compact structure, adaptability are good, degree of automation is high, have realized drilling rod 1's automatic installation, dismantlement, have reduced operator's intensity of labour by a wide margin. The capacity of the drill rod turnover box 3.7 can be large or small, the drill rod turnover box is not limited, the requirements of different excavation and drilling constructions can be met, and the problems of placement, carrying and transportation of the drill rods 1 are solved.

The drilling machine in the above described embodiment may also be a vertical drilling machine for cutting a hole into the ground. Obviously, this is only a change in the placement direction of the present invention.

The part of the utility model not detailed is prior art. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an easy detachable drilling rod, characterized by: the drill rod (1) comprises a rod body (1.1), connectors (1.2) and connecting tails (1.3), wherein the connectors (1.2) and the connecting tails (1.3) are connected to the two ends of the rod body (1.1), the drill rod further comprises a connecting nut (1.4) used for connecting the connector (1.2) of one drill rod (1) with the connecting tail (1.3) of the other drill rod (1), the connector (1.2) is provided with an axial quadrangular frustum, the connecting tail (1.3) is provided with a quadrangular pyramid socket corresponding to the quadrangular frustum in shape, and the outer circular surface of the connecting nut (1.4) is provided with a synchronous belt pulley; and positioning grooves (1.5) for orienting the rectangular pyramid frustum and the rectangular pyramid nest are arranged at two ends of the rod body (1.1).

2. The quick release drill rod as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the connector (1.2) is provided with an external thread corresponding to the internal thread of the connecting nut (1.4); a compression joint shaft shoulder with the diameter larger than that of the rest part is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the connection tail (1.3) and the part close to the outer end surface; the connecting nut (1.4) is provided with a crimping sleeve with the inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the internal thread of the connecting nut, and the connecting nut (1.4) is coaxially arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the connecting tail (1.3); establish the annular on the outer face of cylinder of connecting tail (1.3), the one end that is close to body of rod (1.1), install the jump ring in the annular, coupling nut (1.4) are located between crimping shaft shoulder and the jump ring.

3. The quick release drill rod as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the screwing direction of the connecting nut (1.4) and the connecting head (1.2) is opposite to the rotating direction of the drill rod (1).

4. An automatic drill rod handling device for use with a drill rod as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: comprises a connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism (2), a drill rod assembling and disassembling mechanism (3) and a control system;

the connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism (2) is arranged between a main shaft box (4) of a drilling machine and a drill rod lifter (5) and comprises a power box body (2.1), a driving synchronous pulley (2.2) is arranged on the power box body (2.1), the driving synchronous pulley (2.2) is connected with a connecting nut (1.4) on a drill rod (1) through a synchronous belt (2.3), and a driving motor on the power box body (2.1) is connected with the driving synchronous pulley (2.2); a pair of tensioning arms (2.4) is hinged on the power box body (2.1), and a telescopic cylinder (2.5) for opening and closing the tensioning arms is arranged between the pair of tensioning arms (2.4); a tensioning wheel (2.6) used for tensioning the synchronous belt (2.3) is arranged at the free end of each tensioning arm (2.4); the power box body (2.1) is connected with a linear motion pair parallel to the drilling direction of the drilling machine, and the power box body (2.1) can move in parallel relative to the drilling machine under the driving of a walking motor;

the drill rod loading and unloading mechanism (3) is arranged on one side of the drilling machine and comprises a guide rail seat (3.1), a sliding table (3.2) and a drill rod turnover box (3.7); the guide rail seat (3.1) and the sliding table (3.2) are a group of linear guide rail motion pairs driven by a first servo motor, wherein the motion direction of the linear guide rail motion pairs is vertical to the drilling direction of the drilling machine; a rotating arm (3.3) is horizontally hinged on the sliding table (3.2), the rotating arm (3.3) is connected with a rotating oil cylinder (3.8), wherein the rotating axis of the rotating arm (3.3) is vertical to the moving direction of the sliding table (3.2); a lifting arm (3.4) is arranged at the free end of the rotating arm (3.3), the lifting arm (3.4) is in sliding connection with the rotating arm (3.3) through a linear guide rail kinematic pair driven by a second servo motor, wherein the motion direction of the lifting arm (3.4) is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating arm (3.3); one end of the lifting arm (3.4) is connected with a loading and unloading arm (3.5), and the free end of the loading and unloading arm (3.5) is connected with an electromagnetic chuck (3.6) for grabbing and placing a drill rod;

the drill rod turnover box (3.7) is provided with a plurality of layers of horizontal box grooves for transversely taking and placing drill rods, and the opening ends of the horizontal box grooves face the guide rail seat (3.1) and are perpendicular to the moving direction of the linear guide rail kinematic pair; a positioning strip corresponding to a positioning groove (1.5) of the drill rod is arranged in the horizontal box groove, and a movable stop pin for preventing the drill rod from falling out is arranged at the opening end of the horizontal box groove; the thicknesses of the loading arm (3.5) and the electromagnetic chuck (3.6) are both smaller than the height of the horizontal box groove;

the control system is connected with the connecting nut assembling and disassembling mechanism (2), the drill rod assembling and disassembling mechanism (3) and the drilling machine.

5. The automatic drill pipe handling device of claim 4, wherein: a speed reducer is arranged in the power box body (2.1), and the driving motor is connected with the driving synchronous belt pulley (2.2) through the speed reducer; the linear motion pair comprises a pair of guide posts, a guide sleeve motion pair and a group of screw rod and nut matching pairs, wherein the guide posts and the screw rods are arranged on the drilling machine and are parallel to the drilling direction of the drilling machine; the guide sleeve and the nut motor are arranged on the power box body (2.1), and the lead screw is connected with the walking motor.

6. The automatic drill pipe handling device of claim 4, wherein: the tensioning wheel (2.6) and the driving synchronous belt wheel (2.2) are respectively provided with a flange for preventing the synchronous belt (2.3) from axially moving; the tensioning arm (2.4) is provided with an anti-falling ring (2.7) for preventing the synchronous belt (2.3) from falling off, and the belt body of the synchronous belt (2.3) penetrates through the anti-falling ring (2.7); an anti-drop plate (2.8) for preventing the synchronous belt (2.3) from dropping is arranged on the power box body (2.1) and around the periphery of the synchronous belt (2.3).

7. The automatic drill pipe handling device of claim 4, wherein: the guide rail seat (3.1) is provided with a guide rail and a rack parallel to the guide rail; the sliding table (3.2) is provided with a guide rail groove corresponding to the guide rail and a transmission gear correspondingly meshed with the rack, wherein the transmission gear is connected with the first servo motor through a speed reducer.

8. The automatic drill pipe handling device of claim 4, wherein: the rotary oil cylinder (3.8) is a rotary oil cylinder with a fixed rotation angle of 180 degrees.

9. The automatic drill pipe handling device of claim 4, wherein: the lifting arm (3.4) is a square sliding column, and an axial rack is arranged on the square sliding column; the rotating arm (3.3) is provided with a square sliding groove corresponding to the square sliding column and a transmission gear correspondingly meshed with the rack, wherein the transmission gear is connected with the second servo motor through a speed reducer.

10. The automatic drill pipe handling device of claim 4, wherein: the loading arm (3.5) is perpendicular to the lifting arm (3.4), and the electromagnetic chuck (3.6) is provided with a semicircular groove corresponding to the excircle surface of the drill rod.

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