CN210736666U

CN210736666U - Coal oil slurry cracking gasification reaction device

Info

Publication number: CN210736666U
Application number: CN201921078835.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Beijing Institute Of Petrochemical Engineering
Current assignee: Beijing Institute Of Petrochemical Engineering
Priority date: 2019-07-10
Filing date: 2019-07-10
Publication date: 2020-06-12
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-10

Abstract

The application provides a coal oil slurry schizolysis gasification reaction unit, the device includes: the cracker is used for carrying out cracking and/or gasification reaction on the oil supply coal slurry so as to generate a first gas; the top of the quenching tower is provided with a first input end and a second input end, and the bottom of the quenching tower is provided with a first output end; the first input end is communicated with the cracker, and the second input end is used for inputting external heavy oil; the bottom of the separation device is provided with a third input end and a second output end, and the third input end is communicated with the first output end; the separation device is used for gas-liquid separation; the pressure reducing tower is provided with a fourth input end which is communicated with the second output end; the decompression tower is used for separating the components of the liquid phase fluid and obtaining light oil and residual fluid. The embodiment of the application provides an oil coal slurry cracking gasification reaction device which can make full use of gasification heat and improve the comprehensive utilization rate of raw materials.

Description

Coal oil slurry cracking gasification reaction device

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of oil coal slurry processing, in particular to an oil coal slurry cracking and gasifying reaction device.

Background

Pyrolysis and/or gasification of heavy oil and/or coal (coke) can generate important organic chemical raw materials, and can replace part of petroleum resources.

The heavy oil thermal cracking reaction device in the prior art is mainly produced by methods such as delayed coking and the like. Coal pyrolysis generally adopts technologies such as a fluidized bed, a rotary furnace, a vertical furnace, a tamping furnace and the like to produce pyrolysis gas, tar, coke or semi-coke products; heavy oil gasification generally adopts a heavy oil gasification furnace technology to produce synthesis gas. However, each technique is relatively simple and takes little consideration of the thermal coupling of gasification and pyrolysis.

Therefore, there is a need for a coal oil slurry cracking gasification reaction apparatus to solve the above problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the embodiment of the application provides an oil coal slurry cracking gasification reaction device that can make full use of gasification heat and improve the comprehensive utilization rate of raw materials.

In order to achieve the purpose, the application provides the following technical scheme: a coal oil slurry cracking gasification reaction device comprises: the device comprises a cracker, a gas separator and a gas generator, wherein the cracker is used for carrying out cracking and/or gasification reaction on oil-supplied coal slurry so as to generate a first gas; the device comprises a quenching tower, a first cooling unit, a second cooling unit and a third cooling unit, wherein a first input end and a second input end are arranged at the top of the quenching tower, and a first output end is arranged at the bottom of the quenching tower; the first input end is communicated with the cracker, and the second input end is used for inputting external heavy oil; the quenching tower is used for leading external heavy oil to carry out cracking reaction at the temperature of the first gas; the bottom of the separation device is provided with a third input end and a second output end, and the third input end is communicated with the first output end; the separation device is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the product generated by the cracking reaction and the first gas to obtain a liquid phase fluid and a first gas phase fluid; the pressure reducing tower is provided with a fourth input end, and the fourth input end is communicated with the second output end; the decompression tower is used for separating components of the liquid phase fluid and obtaining light oil and residual fluid.

As a preferred embodiment, a top of the separation device is provided with a fifth input end, a top of the vacuum tower is provided with a third output end, and the fifth input end is communicated with the third output end, so that part of the light oil can flow into the separation device, the first gas-phase fluid in the separation device can be subjected to component separation, and a first oil product and a second gas-phase fluid are obtained; and the first oil product can be mixed with the liquid phase fluid, so that the vacuum tower can carry out component separation on the first oil product.

As a preferred embodiment, it further comprises: the oil catcher is provided with a sixth input end and a fourth output end, a fifth output end is arranged at the top of the separation device, the sixth input end is communicated with the fifth output end, and the fourth output end is communicated with the second output end; the electric oil catcher is used for separating components of the second gas-phase fluid to obtain a second oil product and a third gas-phase fluid, and the second oil product can be mixed with the liquid-phase fluid to enable the vacuum tower to separate components of the second oil product.

As a preferred embodiment, it comprises: one end of the first conduit is communicated with the third output end; the other end of the first conduit is used for being connected with an external hydrocracking device, and the first conduit is used for enabling part of the light oil to be input into the hydrocracking device.

As a preferred embodiment, it comprises: a second conduit, one end of the second conduit being in communication with the third output; the other end of the second conduit is communicated with the fifth input end, and the second conduit is used for enabling part of the light oil to be input into the separation device.

As a preferred embodiment, it comprises: the purifying tower is provided with a seventh input end, the electric oil trap is also provided with a sixth output end, the sixth input end is communicated with the seventh input end, and the purifying tower is used for purifying the third gas-phase fluid.

As a preferred embodiment, it comprises: and one end of the raw material tank is communicated with the cracker, a seventh output end is further arranged on the decompression tower, and the seventh output end is communicated with the other end of the raw material tank, so that the residual fluid can be input into the raw material tank.

As a preferred embodiment, it comprises: and one end of the heater is communicated with the fourth output end and the second output end, the other end of the heater is communicated with the fourth input end, and the heater is used for heating the first oil product, the second oil product and the liquid phase fluid to a temperature required by decompression of the decompression tower.

By means of the technical scheme, the coal oil slurry cracking gasification reaction device comprises a cracker, a quench tower, a separation device and a pressure reduction tower; after the oil-coal slurry is subjected to cracking and/or gasification reaction in the cracker and first gas is generated, external heavy oil can be input into the quenching tower through the second input end; so that the external heavy oil can undergo cracking reaction at the temperature of the first gas. Thus, the energy of the first gas generated by the coal oil slurry cracking and/or gasification reaction can be utilized to carry out the cracking reaction. Thereby improving the comprehensive utilization rate of the raw materials. Then, the product generated by the cracking reaction and the first gas are subjected to gas-solid separation in a separation device, and a liquid phase fluid and a first gas phase fluid are obtained. Finally, the liquid phase fluid is subjected to component separation, and light oil and residual fluid are obtained. Thus, light oil of high value is obtained. As described above, the energy used for cracking the external heavy oil is the energy of the first gas generated by the cracking and/or gasification reaction of the coal oil slurry. Thereby improving the comprehensive utilization rate of the raw materials. Therefore, the embodiment of the application provides an oil coal slurry cracking gasification reaction device which can make full use of gasification heat and improve the comprehensive utilization rate of raw materials.

Drawings

The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In addition, the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members in the drawings are merely schematic for assisting the understanding of the present application, and are not particularly limited to the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members in the present application. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the teachings of this application, may select various possible shapes and proportional sizes to implement the present application, depending on the particular situation. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal oil slurry pyrolysis gasification reaction device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a flow chart of a pyrolysis gasification reaction method of coal oil slurry according to an embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals:

11. a cracker; 13. a quench tower; 15. a separation device; 17. a vacuum tower; 19. an electrical oil trap; 21. a first conduit; 23. a second conduit; 25. a purification tower; 29. a raw material tank; 31. a first input terminal; 33. a second input terminal; 35. a third input terminal; 37. a fourth input terminal; 39. a fifth input terminal; 41. a sixth input terminal; 43. a seventh input terminal; 45. a first output terminal; 47. a second output terminal; 49. a third output terminal; 51. a fourth output terminal; 53. a fifth output terminal; 55. a sixth output terminal; 57. a seventh output terminal.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an oil-coal slurry cracking and gasification reaction apparatus, including: a cracker 11, a quenching tower 13, a separation device 15 and a decompression tower 17.

The coal oil slurry cracking gasification reaction device of the embodiment of the application is provided with a cracker 11, a quench tower 13, a separation device 15 and a pressure reduction tower 17; after the oil-coal slurry is subjected to cracking and/or gasification reaction in the cracker 11 and first gas is generated, external heavy oil can be input into the quenching tower 13 through the second input end 33; so that the external heavy oil can undergo cracking reaction at the temperature of the first gas. Thus, the energy of the first gas generated by the coal oil slurry cracking and/or gasification reaction can be utilized to carry out the cracking reaction. Thereby improving the comprehensive utilization rate of the raw materials. Then, the product produced by the cracking reaction and the first gas are subjected to gas-liquid separation in the separation device 15, and a liquid phase fluid and a first gas phase fluid are obtained. Finally, the liquid phase fluid is subjected to component separation, and light oil and residual fluid are obtained. Thus, light oil of high value is obtained. As described above, the energy used for cracking the external heavy oil is the energy of the first gas generated by the cracking and/or gasification reaction of the coal oil slurry. Thereby improving the comprehensive utilization rate of the raw materials.

As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the cracker 11 is used for cracking and/or gasifying the oil-supplied coal slurry to generate the first gas. The oil coal slurry can be a mixture of one and/or more of coke powder and/or coal powder and/or waste organic powder mixed with heavy oil. Specifically, for example, the coal oil slurry may be a mixture of coke breeze mixed with heavy oil. Alternatively, the slurry is a mixture of pulverized coal and heavy oil. Alternatively, the coal oil slurry is a mixture of waste organic powder and heavy oil. Alternatively, the slurry is a mixture of coal powder, coke powder and heavy oil. No provision is made for this application. Further, the coal oil slurry may undergo cracking reaction in the cracker 11. Alternatively, the coal oil slurry may undergo gasification reaction in the cracker 11. Alternatively, the coal oil slurry may undergo a cracking reaction in the cracker 11, or may undergo a gasification reaction in the cracker 11. This application is not intended to be limited thereto. Furthermore, when the coal oil slurry is cracked in the cracker 11, the first gas is the gas generated by cracking the coal oil slurry. For example, the first gas is dry gas generated by hydro-thermal cracking of heavy oil. Or the first gas is pyrolysis gas generated by coal pyrolysis. When the coal oil slurry is gasified in the cracker 11, the first gas is the gas generated by gasifying the coal oil slurry. For example, the first gas is liquefied gas produced by gasifying heavy oil. Or the first gas is liquefied gas generated by coal gasification.

Specifically, the cracker 11 has a hollow cylindrical shape as a whole. The hollow portion forms a first cavity in which the coal slurry is subjected to cracking and/or gasification reactions. The top wall of the cracker 11 is provided with a first outlet. The first outlet is communicated with the first cavity. So that the first gas can flow out of the interior of the cracker 11 through the first outlet. Further, a second outlet is provided on the bottom wall of the cracker 11. The second outlet is in communication with the first cavity. So that the fixed residue generated after the cracking and/or gasification reaction of the coal oil slurry can flow out of the interior of the cracker 11 through the second outlet. Further, a cyclone separator is arranged at the first outlet of the cracker 11. The cyclone separator is used for leading the solid in the cracker to be carried out from the cracker along with the first gas, so that the unreacted substances in the solid enter the quenching tower 13 to continue gasification reaction. The cracker 11 may be of a conventional construction, and this application does not intend to limit the present invention.

In the present embodiment, the quenching tower 13 has a hollow cylindrical shape as a whole. The hollow portion forms a second cavity for cracking reaction of the external heavy oil. The top of the quench tower 13 is provided with a first input 31 and a second input 33 communicating with the second cavity. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the first input 31 is located to the left of the top of the quench tower 13. The second input 33 is located at the right side of the top of the quench tower 13. The first input 31 is in communication with the cracker 11. Specifically, the first input 31 is in communication with the first outlet to enable the first gas produced in the cracker 11 to enter the quench tower 13. The second input 33 is for external heavy oil input. The bottom of the quench tower 13 is provided with a first output 45. So that the external heavy oil can be heat-exchanged in parallel with the first gas introduced into the quenching tower 13 from the first input terminal 31 when the external heavy oil flows from top to bottom after being introduced into the quenching tower 13 from the second input terminal 33, thereby allowing the external heavy oil to undergo a cracking reaction at the temperature of the first gas. Specifically, the quenching tower 13 may be used to crack all of the external heavy oil at the temperature of the first gas. Of course, the quenching tower 13 is not limited to the generation of cracking reaction of the entire external heavy oil at the temperature of the first gas. It is also possible that only a portion of the external heavy oil is available to undergo cracking reactions at the temperature of the first gas. This application is not intended to be limited thereto. Further, the quenching tower 13 may have a conventional structure, and this application does not intend to limit the present invention.

In the present embodiment, the separation device 15 has a hollow cylindrical shape as a whole. The hollow portion forms a third cavity for gas-liquid separation of the product produced by the cracking reaction and the first gas. The bottom of the separating means 15 is provided with a third input 35 and a second output 47. The third input 35 communicates with the first output 45. So that the products and the first gas generated by the cracking reaction of the heavy oil inside and outside the quenching tower 13 can enter the third cavity. Further, when only a portion of the external heavy oil is cracked at the temperature of the first gas, i.e., unreacted external heavy oil still exists inside the quenching tower 13, the unreacted external heavy oil can also enter the third cavity of the separation device 15 through the third input end 35.

Further, the separation device 15 is configured to perform gas-liquid separation on the product and the first gas generated by the cracking reaction, and obtain a liquid phase fluid and a first gas phase fluid. The liquid phase fluid contains solids. Specifically, since the third input end 35 is disposed at the bottom of the separation device 15, the liquid fluid containing solids and the unreacted external heavy oil in the products generated by the cracking reaction are deposited at the bottom of the separation device 15 under the action of gravity, forming a liquid fluid containing solids. And the gaseous fluid and the first gas in the product produced by the cracking reaction can flow upwards to separate from the liquid phase fluid containing the solids and form a first gaseous phase fluid. Further, the separating device 15 may be of an existing construction, and this application does not provide for this.

In the present embodiment, the vacuum tower 17 is provided with a fourth input port 37. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a fourth input port 37 is provided on the side wall of the middle portion of the decompression column 17. The fourth input 37 communicates with a second output 47. Thereby enabling the liquid phase fluid in the separation device 15 to enter the vacuum tower 17. The vacuum column 17 is used to perform component separation of a liquid phase fluid containing solids, and obtain a light oil and a remaining fluid containing solids. Specifically, the solid-containing liquid phase fluid contains heavy oil that has not undergone cracking reaction and a product after cracking reaction, and the product after cracking reaction contains solid and liquid. Since the heavy oil subjected to the cracking reaction can be converted into light oil, the light oil can be separated from the other liquid phase fluid by separating the components of the solid-containing liquid phase fluid by the vacuum tower 17. To separate the liquid phase fluid into light oil and a solids-containing residual fluid. Specifically, the separation principle of the vacuum column 17 is that the vacuum column 17 is operated at a low pressure (several kpa), and the relative volatility of each component is greatly increased as compared with that under the atmospheric pressure condition of the same temperature. The purpose of the vacuum tower 17 is to increase the distillate extraction rate as much as possible under the condition of avoiding the oil decomposition reaction as much as possible, namely to increase the initial boiling point of the atmospheric tower bottom oil at a lower temperature. So that light oil can be separated from the liquid phase fluid by the action of the decompression column 17. The vacuum tower 17 may have a conventional structure, and this application does not intend to limit the present invention.

Further, the top of the separating device 15 is provided with a fifth input 39. For example, as shown in fig. 1, a fifth input 39 is provided at the top right side of the separating apparatus 15. The top of the pressure reducing tower 17 is provided with a third output 49. The fifth input 39 communicates with a third output 49. So that part of the light oil can flow into the separating device 15, specifically, the light oil above the wax oil in the vacuum tower 17 can enter the separating device 15 through the third output port 49. Due to the principle of similarity and phase dissolution, the part of light oil can carry out component separation on the first gas-phase fluid in the separation device 15 and obtain a first oil product and a second gas-phase fluid; and the first oil can be mixed with the liquid phase fluid so that the vacuum tower 17 can perform component separation on the first oil. That is, due to the principle of similar phase and phase dissolution, the light oil entering the separation device 15 can be used as an absorbent to absorb the first oil product in the first gas-phase fluid in the separation device 15, that is, the first gas-phase fluid is subjected to component separation to obtain the first oil product and the second gas-phase fluid. Further, the first oil product obtained after the component separation in the separation device 15 can flow downward and mix with the liquid phase fluid, and enter the vacuum tower 17 along with the liquid phase fluid, so that the vacuum tower 17 can perform the component separation on the first oil product.

In one embodiment, the coal oil slurry pyrolysis gasification reaction device of the embodiment of the present application further includes: an electrical oil trap 19. The electric oil catcher 19 is coke oven gas primary cooling equipment for separating tar droplets and gas by using the action of a high-voltage direct-current electric field. The electrical oil trap 19 may be of a conventional construction, and this application does not intend to limit the present invention. The electrical oil trap 19 has a sixth input 41 and a fourth output 51. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a sixth input terminal 41 is provided on the left side wall of the electrical oil trap 19. The bottom wall of the electrical oil trap 19 is provided with a fourth outlet 51. The top of the separating apparatus 15 is provided with a fifth output 53. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the fifth output terminal 53 is located above the fifth input terminal 39. The sixth input 41 communicates with the fifth output 53. So that the second gas-phase fluid obtained after the separation of the components in the separation device 15 can enter the electrical oil trap 19 through the sixth input 41. The electrical oil trap 19 is used to separate the components of the second gas phase fluid and obtain a second oil and a third gas phase fluid. The fourth output port 51 is in communication with the second output port 47 to allow the second oil to flow downwardly and mix with the liquid phase fluid and enter the vacuum tower 17 with the liquid phase fluid to allow the vacuum tower 17 to fractionate the second oil.

In one embodiment, the coal oil slurry pyrolysis gasification reaction device of the embodiment of the present application further includes: a first conduit 21. One end of the first conduit 21 communicates with a third output 49. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the left end of the first conduit 21 communicates with a third output port 49. The other end of the first conduit 21 is adapted to be connected to an external hydrocracking unit. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the right end of the first conduit 21 is opened to the outside so that the right end of the first conduit 21 can be connected to an external hydrocracking unit. The first conduit 21 is used to allow a portion of the light oil to be fed into the hydrocracking apparatus.

In one embodiment, the coal oil slurry pyrolysis gasification reaction device of the embodiment of the present application further includes: a second conduit 23. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the second duct 23 is located above the first duct 21. One end of the second conduit 23 communicates with a third output end 49. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the right end of the second conduit 23 communicates with a third output port 49. The other end of the second conduit 23 communicates with a fifth input 39. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the left end of the second conduit 23 communicates with a fifth input port 39. The second conduit 23 is intended to enable a part of the light oil to be fed into the separating apparatus 15.

In one embodiment, the coal oil slurry pyrolysis gasification reaction device of the embodiment of the present application further includes: a purge column 25. The purification tower 25 is provided with a seventh input 43. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the seventh input 43 is provided on the middle side wall of the purification tower 25. The electrical oil trap 19 also has a sixth output 55. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the top of the electrical oil trap 19 is provided with the sixth output 55. Sixth input 41 communicates with seventh input 43. So that the third gas-phase fluid obtained by the component separation of the electrical oil trap 19 can enter the purifying tower 25. The purification tower 25 is used for purifying the third gas-phase fluid. So that the purified third gas phase stream can enter an external methanol and/or ethanol synthesis unit. Specifically, the purification tower 25 is used to remove impurities such as sulfur in the third vapor-phase stream from the third vapor-phase stream. The purification tower 25 may be an existing device, and this application does not intend to limit the present invention.

In one embodiment, the coal oil slurry pyrolysis gasification reaction device of the embodiment of the present application further includes: a raw material tank 29. One end of the raw material tank 29 is communicated with the cracker 11. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the right end of the raw material tank 29 communicates with the cracker 11. The pressure reducing tower 17 is also provided with a seventh output 57. Specifically, the bottom of the decompression column 17 is provided with this seventh output 57. The seventh output 57 is in communication with the other end of the head tank 29. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the seventh output port 57 communicates with the left end of the raw material tank 29. So that the remaining fluid can be fed into the stock tank 29. Since the residual fluid contains the external heavy oil that has not undergone the cracking reaction and the light oil-removed product of the external heavy oil that has undergone the cracking reaction, the residual fluid can enter the cracker 11 after being charged into the raw material tank 29, thereby cracking and gasifying the external heavy oil that has not undergone the cracking reaction. Thus improving the utilization rate of raw materials.

In one embodiment, the coal oil slurry pyrolysis gasification reaction device of the embodiment of the present application further includes: a heater. One end of the heater is communicated with the fourth output end 51 and the second output end 47, the other end of the heater is communicated with the fourth input end 37, and the heater is used for heating the first oil product, the second oil product and the liquid phase fluid to the temperature required by decompression of the decompression tower 17.

Referring to fig. 2, a method for cracking and gasifying oil-coal slurry provided by the present embodiment includes: step S11: cracking and/or gasifying the oil coal slurry to generate a first gas; step S13: subjecting the external heavy oil to a cracking reaction at the temperature of the first gas; step S15: carrying out gas-solid separation on the product generated by the cracking reaction and the first gas to obtain a liquid phase fluid and a first gas phase fluid; step S17: and carrying out component separation on the liquid phase fluid to obtain light oil and residual fluid.

According to the method for cracking and gasifying the oil-coal slurry, firstly, the oil-coal slurry is subjected to cracking and/or gasifying reaction, and first gas is generated; the external heavy oil is then subjected to a cracking reaction at the temperature of the first gas. Therefore, the energy of the first gas generated by the oil-coal slurry cracking and/or gasification reaction can be utilized to carry out the cracking reaction, and the cyclone separator is arranged at the first outlet of the cracker 11. The cyclone separator is used for leading the solid in the cracker to be carried out from the cracker along with the first gas, so that the unreacted substances in the solid enter the quenching tower 13 to continue gasification reaction. Thereby improving the comprehensive utilization rate of the raw materials. Then, the product generated by the cracking reaction and the first gas are subjected to gas-liquid separation to obtain a liquid phase fluid containing solids and a first gas phase fluid. Finally, the liquid phase fluid containing the solids is subjected to component separation to obtain light oil and a residual fluid containing the solids. Thus, light oil of high value is obtained. And simultaneously returning the residual fluid containing the solids to the raw material tank to prepare the coal oil slurry. As described above, the energy used for cracking the external heavy oil is the energy of the first gas generated by the cracking and/or gasification reaction of the coal oil slurry. Thereby improving the comprehensive utilization rate of the raw materials.

In the present embodiment, step S11: the coal oil slurry is subjected to cracking and/or gasification reactions to produce a first gas. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the coal oil slurry is subjected to cracking and/or gasification reactions in a cracker 11 to produce a first gas. The oil coal slurry can be a mixture of one and/or more of coke powder and/or coal powder and/or waste organic powder mixed with heavy oil. Specifically, for example, the coal oil slurry may be a mixture of coke breeze mixed with heavy oil. Alternatively, the slurry is a mixture of pulverized coal and heavy oil. Alternatively, the coal oil slurry is a mixture of waste organic powder and heavy oil. Alternatively, the slurry is a mixture of coal powder, coke powder and heavy oil. No provision is made for this application. Further, the coal oil slurry may undergo cracking reaction in the cracker 11. Alternatively, the coal oil slurry may undergo gasification reaction in the cracker 11. Alternatively, the coal oil slurry may undergo a cracking reaction in the cracker 11, or may undergo a gasification reaction in the cracker 11. This application is not intended to be limited thereto. Furthermore, when the coal oil slurry is cracked in the cracker 11, the first gas is the gas generated by cracking the coal oil slurry. For example, the first gas is dry gas generated by hydro-thermal cracking of heavy oil. Or the first gas is pyrolysis gas generated by coal pyrolysis. When the coal oil slurry is gasified in the cracker 11, the first gas is the gas generated by gasifying the coal oil slurry. For example, the first gas is liquefied gas produced by gasifying heavy oil. Or the first gas is liquefied gas generated by coal gasification.

In the present embodiment, step S13: the external heavy oil is subjected to cracking reaction at the temperature of the first gas. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the external heavy oil can be heat-exchanged with the first gas in parallel while flowing from top to bottom in the quenching tower 13, so that the external heavy oil can undergo a cracking reaction at the temperature of the first gas. Specifically, the quenching tower 13 may be used to crack all of the external heavy oil at the temperature of the first gas. Of course, the quenching tower 13 is not limited to the generation of cracking reaction of the entire external heavy oil at the temperature of the first gas. It is also possible that only a portion of the external heavy oil is available to undergo cracking reactions at the temperature of the first gas. This application is not intended to be limited thereto.

In the present embodiment, step S15: and carrying out gas-solid separation on the product generated by the cracking reaction and the first gas to obtain a liquid phase fluid and a first gas phase fluid. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the liquid fluid of the product generated by the cracking reaction and the unreacted external heavy oil are deposited downward by gravity in the separation device 15 to form a liquid fluid. And the gaseous fluid and the first gas in the products generated by the cracking reaction can flow upwards to be separated from the liquid phase fluid and form a first gaseous fluid.

In the present embodiment, step S17: and separating the components of the liquid phase fluid to obtain light oil and residual fluid. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the vacuum tower 17 is operated at a low pressure (several kPa), and the relative volatilities of the components are greatly increased as compared with those under the atmospheric condition at the same temperature. The purpose of the vacuum tower 17 is to increase the distillate extraction rate as much as possible under the condition of avoiding the oil decomposition reaction as much as possible, that is, to increase the high boiling point in the atmospheric heavy oil at a lower temperature. So that light oil can be separated from the liquid phase fluid by the action of the decompression column 17.

Further, at step S17: before the liquid phase fluid is subjected to component separation to obtain light oil and residual fluid, the method further comprises the following steps:

step S161: and separating the components of the first gas-phase fluid to obtain a first oil product and a second gas-phase fluid. Specifically, the light oil above the wax oil in the vacuum tower 17 can enter the separation device 15 through the third output end 49. Due to the principle of similar phase and phase dissolution, the light oil can perform component separation on the first gas-phase fluid in the separation device 15, and obtain a first oil product and a second gas-phase fluid. That is, due to the principle of similar phase and phase dissolution, the light oil entering the separation device 15 can be used as an absorbent to absorb the first oil product in the first gas-phase fluid in the separation device 15, that is, the first gas-phase fluid is subjected to component separation to obtain the first oil product and the second gas-phase fluid.

Step S162: and separating the components of the second gas-phase fluid to obtain a second oil product and a third gas-phase fluid. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the electrical oil trap 19 performs component separation of the second gas-phase fluid, and obtains a second oil product and a third gas-phase fluid.

Step S163: the first oil product and the second oil product are mixed with a liquid phase fluid to enable component separation of the first oil product and the second oil product. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the first oil obtained by the component separation in the separation device 15 can flow downward, and the second oil obtained by the component separation in the electrical oil trap 19 can flow downward, be mixed with the liquid phase fluid, and flow into the vacuum tower 17 along with the liquid phase fluid, so that the vacuum tower 17 can separate the first oil from the second oil.

In one embodiment, the method for pyrolysis gasification of coal oil slurry according to the embodiment of the present application further includes:

the third gas phase fluid is purified. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the sulfur impurities in the third gas-phase fluid are removed by a purification tower 25, so that the purified third gas-phase fluid can enter an external methanol and/or ethanol synthesis device.

mixing the remaining fluid with the coal slurry. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the excess fluid in the vacuum tower 17 is introduced into the raw material tank 29. Since the residual fluid contains the external heavy oil that has not undergone the cracking reaction and the light oil-removed product of the external heavy oil that has undergone the cracking reaction, the residual fluid can enter the cracker 11 after being charged into the raw material tank 29, thereby cracking and gasifying the external heavy oil that has not undergone the cracking reaction. Thus improving the utilization rate of raw materials.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and for distinguishing similar objects, and no precedence between the two is intended or should be construed to indicate or imply relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Many embodiments and many applications other than the examples provided will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading the above description. The scope of the present teachings should, therefore, be determined not with reference to the above description, but should instead be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. The disclosures of all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The omission in the foregoing claims of any aspect of subject matter that is disclosed herein is not intended to forego the subject matter and should not be construed as an admission that the applicant does not consider such subject matter to be part of the disclosed subject matter.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a coal oil slurry schizolysis gasification reaction unit which characterized in that includes:

the device comprises a cracker, a gas separator and a gas generator, wherein the cracker is used for carrying out cracking and/or gasification reaction on oil-supplied coal slurry so as to generate a first gas;

the device comprises a quenching tower, a first cooling unit, a second cooling unit and a third cooling unit, wherein a first input end and a second input end are arranged at the top of the quenching tower, and a first output end is arranged at the bottom of the quenching tower; the first input end is communicated with the cracker, and the second input end is used for inputting external heavy oil; the quenching tower is used for leading external heavy oil to carry out cracking reaction at the temperature of the first gas;

the bottom of the separation device is provided with a third input end and a second output end, and the third input end is communicated with the first output end; the separation device is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the product generated by the cracking reaction and the first gas to obtain a liquid phase fluid and a first gas phase fluid;

the pressure reducing tower is provided with a fourth input end, and the fourth input end is communicated with the second output end; the decompression tower is used for separating components of the liquid phase fluid and obtaining light oil and residual fluid.

2. The coal oil slurry cracking and gasifying reaction device of claim 1, wherein: a fifth input end is arranged at the top of the separation device, a third output end is arranged at the top of the vacuum tower, and the fifth input end is communicated with the third output end, so that part of the light oil can flow into the separation device, the first gas-phase fluid in the separation device can be subjected to component separation, and a first oil product and a second gas-phase fluid are obtained; and the first oil product can be mixed with the liquid phase fluid, so that the vacuum tower can carry out component separation on the first oil product.

3. The coal oil slurry cracking and gasifying reaction device of claim 2, further comprising: the oil catcher is provided with a sixth input end and a fourth output end, a fifth output end is arranged at the top of the separation device, the sixth input end is communicated with the fifth output end, and the fourth output end is communicated with the second output end; the electric oil catcher is used for separating components of the second gas-phase fluid to obtain a second oil product and a third gas-phase fluid, and the second oil product can be mixed with the liquid-phase fluid to enable the vacuum tower to separate components of the second oil product.

4. The coal oil slurry cracking gasification reaction device of claim 2, characterized by comprising: one end of the first conduit is communicated with the third output end; the other end of the first conduit is used for being connected with an external hydrocracking device, and the first conduit is used for enabling part of the light oil to be input into the hydrocracking device.

5. The coal oil slurry cracking gasification reaction device of claim 2, characterized by comprising: a second conduit, one end of the second conduit being in communication with the third output; the other end of the second conduit is communicated with the fifth input end, and the second conduit is used for enabling part of the light oil to be input into the separation device.

6. The coal oil slurry cracking and gasifying reaction device of claim 3, which comprises: the purifying tower is provided with a seventh input end, the electric oil trap is also provided with a sixth output end, the sixth input end is communicated with the seventh input end, and the purifying tower is used for purifying the third gas-phase fluid.

7. The coal oil slurry cracking gasification reaction device of claim 2, characterized by comprising: and one end of the raw material tank is communicated with the cracker, a seventh output end is further arranged on the decompression tower, and the seventh output end is communicated with the other end of the raw material tank, so that the residual fluid can be input into the raw material tank.

8. The coal oil slurry cracking and gasifying reaction device of claim 3, which comprises: and one end of the heater is communicated with the fourth output end and the second output end, the other end of the heater is communicated with the fourth input end, and the heater is used for heating the first oil product, the second oil product and the liquid phase fluid to a temperature required by decompression of the decompression tower.