CN210721058U

CN210721058U - Microenvironment monitoring and safety control system in vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN210721058U
Application number: CN201920887399.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘晓彬; 柯汉平; 王杰华; 许锦丽; 杨静雯; 叶师强
Original assignee: Ningde Normal University
Current assignee: Ningde Normal University
Priority date: 2019-06-13
Filing date: 2019-06-13
Publication date: 2020-06-09
Anticipated expiration: 2029-06-13

Abstract

The utility model relates to a microenvironment monitoring and safety control system in car, including MQ-7 carbon monoxide sensor circuit, MQ-2 smoke transducer circuit, ZE08-CH20 formaldehyde sensor circuit, alarm circuit, be used for seeing off the drive circuit and the singlechip of controlling fan air conditioner signal in the car, MQ-7 carbon monoxide sensor circuit, MQ-2 smoke transducer circuit, ZE08-CH20 formaldehyde sensor circuit, alarm circuit, drive circuit all connect the singlechip. The utility model relates to a microenvironment monitoring and safety control system in car can real-time accurate monitoring harmful gas's content, and harmful gas monitoring is diversified, can show monitoring data in real time and even remind the car owner, can take safety measure automatically and produce the signal that is used for controlling fan air conditioning system to open, even take a breath to the gas in the car, prevent that remaining harmful gas from causing the last injury of personnel on the car.

Description

Microenvironment monitoring and safety control system in vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a microenvironment monitoring system in car belongs to automobile field.

Background

The cabin of an automobile is a relatively closed space, and the circulation between the air in the automobile and the external environment is poor. Carbon monoxide generated during the operation of the air conditioner in the vehicle during the stop of the vehicle is easy to enter a carriage, poisoning is easy to cause, and harmful gases such as formaldehyde and the like are easily volatilized from the decoration in the vehicle. Therefore, the method monitors the environment in the vehicle in real time, reminds the vehicle owner in time when the monitoring target value exceeds the threshold value, and prevents the harmful gas in the vehicle from continuously hurting people in the vehicle, and is a necessary means for improving the microenvironment of the carriage.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides an interior microenvironment monitoring and safety control system of car which effectively monitors to the main pollution sources in the car-carbon monoxide, smog and formaldehyde to start fan air conditioning system in the car and take a breath when exceeding standard.

The technical scheme of the utility model as follows:

a microenvironment monitoring and safety control system in a vehicle comprises an MQ-7 carbon monoxide sensor circuit, an MQ-2 smoke sensor circuit, a ZE08-CH20 formaldehyde sensor circuit, an alarm circuit, a driving circuit used for sending out signals for controlling a fan air conditioner in the vehicle and a single chip microcomputer, wherein the MQ-7 carbon monoxide sensor circuit, the MQ-2 smoke sensor circuit, the ZE08-CH20 formaldehyde sensor circuit, the alarm circuit and the driving circuit are all connected with the single chip microcomputer.

More preferably, the singlechip is STC89C 52.

Preferably, the system further comprises a DS18B20 temperature sensor circuit connected to the single chip.

Preferably, the system further comprises a data display circuit connected to the single chip microcomputer.

Preferably, the data display circuit employs an LCD1602 liquid crystal display module.

More preferably, the drive circuit is a relay circuit.

The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

the utility model relates to a microenvironment monitoring and safety control system in car can real-time accurate monitoring harmful gas's content, and harmful gas monitoring is diversified, can show monitoring data in real time and even remind the car owner, can take safety measure automatically and produce the signal that is used for controlling fan air conditioning system to open, even take a breath to the gas in the car, prevent that remaining harmful gas from causing the last injury of personnel on the car.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an in-vehicle microenvironment monitoring and safety control system of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the MQ-2 smoke sensor circuit of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an MQ-7 carbon monoxide sensor circuit of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of the ZE08-CH20 formaldehyde sensor of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of the DS18B20 temperature sensor of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a data display circuit according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an alarm circuit of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a driving circuit of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the single chip microcomputer of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in figure 1, the in-vehicle microenvironment monitoring and safety control system comprises an MQ-7 carbon monoxide sensor circuit, an MQ-2 smoke sensor circuit, a ZE08-CH20 formaldehyde sensor circuit, an alarm circuit, a DS18B20 temperature sensor circuit, a driving circuit for sending out signals for controlling an in-vehicle fan air conditioner, a data display circuit and a single chip microcomputer, wherein the MQ-7 carbon monoxide sensor circuit, the MQ-2 smoke sensor circuit, the ZE08-CH20 formaldehyde sensor circuit, the alarm circuit, the driving circuit, the DS18B20 temperature sensor circuit and the data display circuit are all connected with the single chip microcomputer.

The system has 4 sensors, namely an MQ-2 smoke sensor, an MQ-7 carbon monoxide sensor, a ZE08-CH20 formaldehyde sensor and a DS18B20 temperature sensor, and the sensors have the function of sending detected air data in a carriage to a single chip microcomputer for processing.

MQ-2 smoke sensor circuit, as shown in fig. 2. The MQ-2 smoke sensor is not easily influenced by the external environment, for example, impurities, water mist and the like in the air cannot influence the detection of the MQ-2 smoke sensor, the anti-jamming capability is strong, and even if a vehicle owner runs in a rainy day, the MQ-2 smoke sensor can quickly and accurately detect harmful gas. In addition, the sensing body of the MQ-2 smoke sensor is formed by sintering semiconductors, so that the sensing stability is high, and the vehicle is guaranteed not to easily fail under the condition of long-time running. Moreover, the MQ-2 smoke sensor has high sensitivity to gases such as liquefied petroleum gas and the like, and gases such as automobile exhaust can be detected more accurately.

MQ-7 carbon monoxide sensor circuit, as shown in FIG. 3. The gas sensing material used by the MQ-7 carbon monoxide sensor is tin dioxide (SnO2), and has the characteristics of high CO detection sensitivity, long service life, low cost, simplicity in use and the like. The sensor detects carbon monoxide by means of detection of cyclically increasing and decreasing the temperature of the electrically conductive material, and the conductivity of the sensor increases when the concentration of CO gas increases. And the MQ-7 carbon monoxide sensor adopts the activated carbon as a filter layer to filter other stray gases, so that the accuracy of CO gas detection is ensured, and the concentration of CO in the current air is detected according to the change degree of the conductivity of the sensing material.

ZE08-CH20 formaldehyde sensor circuit, as shown in figure 4. ZE08-CH2O is a high-efficient simple and convenient type formaldehyde detection module, and the principle of this sensor is that the electrochemical reaction is utilized, and is different according to the reduction process of ion on different electrodes, detects CH2O gas, and its output mode has two kinds simultaneously, can select analog-digital transmission data as required, perhaps analog voltage transmits, makes things convenient for the developer to use under the environment of difference. ZE08-CH 2O's inside is from taking temperature sensor, can adjust the inside temperature of sensor, realizes inside and outside difference in temperature matching, guarantees the accuracy of detected data.

DS18B20 temperature sensor circuit, as shown in fig. 5. The DS18B20 temperature sensor can convert the detected temperature and humidity into digital signals, and then transmits the data to the single chip microcomputer through a bus in a serial transmission mode, so that the single chip microcomputer can be communicated with the DS18B20 temperature sensor through an I/O line, and the temperature sensor has the characteristics of simple circuit, convenience in bus expansion and maintenance. The DS18B20 temperature sensor is internally provided with a crystal oscillator with low temperature and high temperature coefficients, a pulse signal with fixed frequency is generated by the crystal oscillator with the lower temperature coefficient, and the crystal oscillators with the high temperature coefficients can generate different pulses because the oscillation rate of the crystal oscillators is easily influenced by the temperature, and then the different pulses are transmitted to different counters so as to judge the temperature.

The data display circuit is shown in fig. 6. The data display circuit adopts an LCD1602 liquid crystal display module. The LCD1602, which utilizes 16 pins, can be driven at 3.3V or 5V and can also adjust the contrast of the display screen. The LCD1602 display can show 2 rows and 16 columns of character graphics at the same time, and the back panel can be divided into two types of backlight and non-backlight, although the backlight is thicker than the non-backlight, in order to consider the dark environment in the vehicle, the system adopts the LCD1602 display with the backlight, which is convenient for the vehicle owner to check the current harmful gas data. When the LCD1602 display is used, the module can be driven by directly programming the LCD1602 display with a certain delay and programming the LCD display according to the corresponding time sequence, so that the module has the advantages of low price, clear display and easy use.

The alarm circuit is shown in fig. 7. The alarm circuit can adopt a buzzer to alarm, and when the current harmful gas value is higher than a set safe initial value, the buzzer is driven by setting a P20 pin to be at a low level. When the pin P20 of the single chip microcomputer outputs low level, the triode Q1 is conducted, the buzzer is electrified, and an alarm sound is sent out to remind a vehicle owner.

The driving circuit is shown in fig. 8. The driving circuit is a relay module and comprises a resistor R6, a triode Q7, a resistor R9, a light-emitting diode D2-G, a coil L1 and a relay switch K1, wherein the

wiring terminals

1, 2 and 3 are connected to a movable contact of a relay switch K1, the wiring terminal 1 is connected to a normally open contact of the relay switch K1, and the wiring terminal 3 is connected to a normally closed contact of the relay switch K1. One end of the resistor R6 is connected with an I/O port of the single chip microcomputer, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with a base electrode of the triode Q7, the emitting set of the triode Q7 is connected with one end of the coil L1, the other end of the coil L1 is connected with a power supply, when the single chip microcomputer sends out a low level signal, the triode Q7 is conducted, when the relay switch is attracted, 1-2 is conducted, which is equivalent to the switch closing, and therefore the fan air conditioning system can be controlled by wiring on the terminal 1-2. When the sensor monitors that the content of harmful gas in the vehicle exceeds the standard, the single chip microcomputer can control the alarm circuit to send out an alarm to a vehicle owner and can control the fan air conditioning system of the vehicle to be automatically turned on, so that the personnel in the vehicle can be prevented from being continuously injured by the harmful gas, and the health of the personnel in the vehicle can be guaranteed. When the sensor detects that one or more harmful gases exceed the normal value at the same time, the singlechip controls the driving circuit through the P21 port, so that the fan air conditioner of the vehicle is controlled to ventilate the gases in the vehicle until the content of the harmful gases returns to the normal value.

The single chip microcomputer is STC89C52, and is shown in figure 9. The system has the characteristics of low power consumption and high performance, is simple to use and low in price, and can reduce the overall cost of the system. STC89C52 can be said to be an upgrade of 51 chips, has an 8-bit CPU and a programmable Flash, is simple and convenient to use in operation, is internally provided with 4 external interrupts and 3 16-bit timers/counters, can be reduced to a 0Hz state, performs some logic operations under a static condition, and supports 2 low-power consumption modes.

The power supply of the system is supplied by an external 12V direct current power supply, the working voltage required by each hardware is different and is mainly divided into +3.3V and +5V, so that the AMS1117-5.0 is adopted to convert the vehicle-mounted 12V direct current power supply into +5V voltage to provide power for a part of hardware, and the +5V voltage is converted into +3.3V voltage after passing through the AMS1117-3.3, thereby driving all hardware modules to work. Harmful gas content information detected by each sensor is read through the single chip microcomputer, and detected data are displayed on the LCD after being processed by the single chip microcomputer. And after the sensor circularly detects harmful gas every time, the detection value is compared with a set threshold value, when the value of the harmful gas exceeds the threshold value, an alarm circuit is called to send out an alarm, and meanwhile, the driving circuit is controlled to output a control signal to a main control system in the automobile, so that an in-automobile fan air conditioning system is started, and the harmful gas in the automobile is dispersed.

The utility model discloses a theory of operation: and (2) opening the system in the environment in the carriage, detecting the content of harmful gases in the carriage, displaying the content on an LCD screen, displaying the temperature and humidity in the current vehicle on an LCD in real time, wherein two lines are arranged on a display interface, the first line displays a formaldehyde value and a temperature value, and the second line displays values detected by MQ-2 and MQ-7. When the value of formaldehyde or CO or smoke exceeds a preset safety threshold value, the alarm circuit gives out an alarm sound and sends out a control signal through the driving circuit, and the main control system in the automobile receives the control signal and then turns on the fan air-conditioning system in the automobile.

The above only is the embodiment of the present invention, not limiting the patent scope of the present invention, all the equivalent structures or equivalent processes that are used in the specification and the attached drawings or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a microenvironment monitoring and safety control system in car which characterized in that: the system comprises an MQ-7 carbon monoxide sensor circuit, an MQ-2 smoke sensor circuit, a ZE08-CH20 formaldehyde sensor circuit, an alarm circuit, a driving circuit for sending out signals for controlling an air conditioner of a fan in the vehicle and a single chip microcomputer, wherein the MQ-7 carbon monoxide sensor circuit, the MQ-2 smoke sensor circuit, the ZE08-CH20 formaldehyde sensor circuit, the alarm circuit and the driving circuit are all connected with the single chip microcomputer; the driving circuit comprises a resistor R6, a triode Q7, a resistor R9, a light-emitting diode D2-G, a coil L1, a relay switch Kj1 and a wiring terminal J1, wherein 2 pins of the wiring terminal J1 are connected to a movable contact of the relay switch Kj1, 1 pin of the wiring terminal J1 is connected to a normally open contact of the relay switch Kj1, and 3 pins of the wiring terminal J1 are connected to a normally closed contact of the relay switch Kj 1; the one end of resistance R6 connects the I/O mouth of singlechip, and triode Q7's base is connected to the other end, triode Q7 transmission set connects coil L1's one end, and power supply is connected to coil L1's the other end, parallelly connected at coil L1's both ends behind resistance R9 and the emitting diode D2-G series connection, the fan air conditioning system in the car is connected to binding post J1's 1 pin and 2 pins.

2. The in-vehicle microenvironment monitoring and safety control system of claim 1, wherein: the single chip microcomputer is STC89C 52.

3. The in-vehicle microenvironment monitoring and safety control system of claim 1, wherein: the temperature control circuit also comprises a DS18B20 temperature sensor circuit connected to the single chip microcomputer.

4. The in-vehicle microenvironment monitoring and safety control system of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a data display circuit connected to the single chip microcomputer.

5. The in-vehicle microenvironment monitoring and safety control system of claim 4, wherein: the data display circuit adopts an LCD1602 liquid crystal display module.

6. The in-vehicle microenvironment monitoring and safety control system of claim 1, wherein: the drive circuit is a relay circuit.