CN210686193U

CN210686193U - Protective device and blade of wind generating set

Info

Publication number: CN210686193U
Application number: CN201921894508.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贾智源; 司阳明; 何成智
Original assignee: Jiangsu Goldwind Science and Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Goldwind Science and Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-05
Filing date: 2019-11-05
Publication date: 2020-06-05
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-05

Abstract

The utility model discloses a protector and wind generating set's blade, protector include built-in protective layer and external protective layer, and the thickness of built-in protective layer reduces from central authorities to both sides gradually on its width direction, and external protective layer covers on the upper surface of built-in protective layer, and wherein, built-in protective layer and external protective layer prefabrication shaping respectively. Through the synergistic effect of built-in protective layer and external protective layer for the blade leading edge obtains effectual protection, and wherein, the thickness of built-in protective layer is according to the rain erosion or the external force impact intensity size that causes the blade leading edge and set up, can adapt to rain erosion or external force impact better, under the prerequisite that has stronger buffering effect, has saved manufacturing raw materials, thereby has reduced manufacturing cost.

Description

Protective device and blade of wind generating set

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, particularly, relate to protector and wind generating set blade suitable for wind generating set's blade leading edge.

Background

In recent years, wind power generation has been rapidly developed as a clean energy source. When the wind generating set normally works, the tip speed can exceed 80m/s, and is close to or exceeds the highest speed of the current high-speed rail.

The leading edge of the blade is one of the areas of the blade that is mainly affected by wind during operation and is closely related to the aerodynamic performance of the blade. During the high-speed rotation process of the blade, the front edge of the blade inevitably collides with particles suspended in the air, such as raindrops, insects, sand and dust, and the like, so that the front edge of the blade is extremely easy to damage and pollute in a wind field. The damage and pollution can cause the airfoil shape of the blade to change, the resistance is increased, the aerodynamic performance is greatly reduced, and the annual energy production loss can reach more than 40 percent if the blade is not protected.

Therefore, protection and timely maintenance of the leading edge of the blade is critical to improving the efficiency of the blade's power generation.

The protection of the front edge of the blade can be realized by two technologies, namely adhering protective adhesive tapes on the surface of the front edge of the blade and coating protective coatings on the surface of the front edge of the blade. Both of these types of protection techniques have their own disadvantages: the anti-aging capability of materials is generally difficult to improve by the adhesive tape technology, and the protective performance of the adhesive tape technology is rapidly deteriorated with time due to various aging factors such as damp heat, ultraviolet rays, smoke, chemical pollutants and the like in a wind field, so that the service life is limited, and the protective capability is lost in extreme cases even one year; the coating technology is extremely unstable because the establishment of performance depends on the technological process, and the thickness consistency control is very difficult and the reliability is questionable. And the two technologies are very easy to be polluted and difficult to be removed due to the applied polar high polymer materials.

In view of the above, there is a need in the art to provide a protective device for protecting the leading edge of a blade with high reliability and simplicity.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a protection device to be disposed on the leading edge of the blade of the wind turbine generator system, so as to improve the service life of the blade.

To the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a protective device comprising an internal protective layer and an external protective layer, the thickness of the internal protective layer gradually decreasing from the center to both sides in the width direction thereof; the external protection layer covers the upper surface of the internal protection layer, and the edge of the external protection layer protrudes outwards from the edge of the internal protection layer.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the internal protective layer and the external protective layer are preformed respectively, the thickness of the external protective layer is uniform, and the thickness of the external protective layer is 0.1-0.6 mm.

Specifically, the ratio of the width of the internal protective layer to the width of the external protective layer is 1/6-1/2, and the ratio of the length of the internal protective layer to the length of the external protective layer is 1/6-2/3.

Preferably, the maximum thickness of the built-in protective layer is 2-8mm, and/or the width of the built-in protective layer is 20-150mm, and the length is 3-50 m.

Further, the internal protection layer comprises a plurality of internal protection units, adjacent internal protection units are butted with each other, and the external protection layer is integrally formed.

According to the utility model discloses an on the other hand provides a wind generating set's blade, the blade leading edge of blade is provided with the utility model provides a protector, wherein, the lower surface of built-in protective layer is fixed in the blade leading edge, just the one end of built-in protective layer set up in on the apex of blade.

Preferably, the external protective layer conforms to the leading edge of the blade.

Furthermore, the external protection layer is provided with a plurality of cutting cuts at two side edges in the width direction.

Preferably, the distribution density of the plurality of cutting cuts gradually increases from the blade root of the blade toward the blade tip.

According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the side edges of each cutting cut are butted; or the side edges of each cutout are joined by welding.

The utility model provides a protector and wind generating set's blade has following beneficial effect at least: the thickness of built-in protective layer is according to the rain erosion or the intensity size that external shock caused the blade leading edge and set up to become and reduce gradually to both sides from central authorities to can adapt to rain erosion or external shock better, under the prerequisite that has stronger cushioning effect, saved the manufacturing raw materials, thereby reduced manufacturing cost, external protective layer carries out the full coverage to built-in protective layer, through the synergism of built-in protective layer and external protective layer, makes the blade leading edge obtain effectual protection.

Drawings

The above and/or other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a chordwise cross-sectional view of a leading edge of a blade provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of the vane provided in fig. 1.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a blade leading edge; 2. an external protective layer;

3. and a protective layer is arranged inside.

Detailed Description

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a chordwise partial cross-sectional view of a leading edge of a wind turbine blade. FIG. 2 is an axial partial cross-sectional view of a wind turbine blade. The chordwise direction of the blade shell limited by the utility model can be the width direction of the blade shell; the utility model discloses the axial direction of the blade shell who prescribes a limit to can be the length direction of blade shell, promptly, the apex of blade to the direction of blade root, perhaps the blade root to the direction of apex.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a protector is disposed on the leading edge 1 of the blade, and the protector may include an internal protective layer 3 and an external protective layer 2 which are respectively preformed, wherein the internal protective layer 3 is disposed on one side of the external protective layer 2 facing the leading edge 1 of the blade, and the external protective layer 2 completely covers the internal protective layer 3, that is, the internal protective layer 3 and the external protective layer 2 are sequentially disposed in a direction from the surface of the leading edge 1 of the blade to a direction away from the surface of the leading edge 1 of the blade, and the edge of the external protective layer 2 exceeds the edge of the internal protective layer 3 and may be directly contacted with the blade. The built-in protective layer can be formed by flexible elastic materials and is used for buffering the impact of raindrops, insects, sand and dust and the like, so that the glass fiber reinforced plastic surface of the front edge of the blade can be protected. Preferably, the built-in protective layer may be provided in an elongated shape, which is thick in the middle and thin on both sides in the width direction, and whose thickness gradually decreases from the center to both side edges, and whose length direction may be arranged in the axial direction of the blade.

The external protective layer 2 is arranged on the outer surface of the internal protective layer 3 and completely covers the internal protective layer 3, so that the internal protective layer 3 can be protected, and the service life of the protective device is prolonged. Referring to fig. 1, an external protective layer 2 covers the upper surface of an internal protective layer 3, and the lower surface of the internal protective layer 3 may be attached to the blade. The blade front edge is effectively protected through the synergistic effect of the internal protective layer 3 and the external protective layer 2.

The external protective layer 2 can be made of hard plastic to play roles of blocking, wear resistance, dirt resistance and the like, and the edge of the external protective layer 2 can protrude out of the edge of the internal protective layer 3, so that the external protective layer 2 can completely cover the internal protective layer 3 and the edge of the external protective layer 2 can be directly contacted with the blade. Preferably, the external protective layer 2 may be provided in a long shape.

Through extensive investigation and theoretical analysis of wind field, it is found that the impact of rain erosion or solid particles in air or sand dust on the blade is non-uniformly distributed, the rain erosion condition is the most serious at the film-closing seam position of the front edge of the blade, the transition is carried out towards two sides by taking the film-closing seam as the center along the chord direction of the blade, the influence of rain erosion is gradually weakened, and the rain erosion condition at the blade tip position is the most serious in the axial direction of the blade and is gradually weakened towards the blade root.

In order to overcome the technical problem, one end of the built-in protective layer 3 in the length direction is fixed on the blade tip, and a predetermined length is arranged from the blade tip to the blade root along the axial direction of the blade according to the protection requirement, and the length of the built-in protective layer 3 can be smaller than the length of the blade. The built-in protective layer 3 extends towards two sides by taking a film-closing seam at the front edge of the blade as a center along the chordwise direction of the blade, and the thickness of the built-in protective layer 3 is gradually reduced from the film-closing seam to the two sides. That is to say, the utility model provides a built-in protective layer 3 distributes according to the actual power of rain erosion, and in the position that the rain erosion condition is stronger, near blade leading edge closes the membrane seam promptly, the thickness of the built-in protective layer 3 of setting is thicker, at the position that the rain erosion condition is weaker, extend the predetermined distance to both sides by closing the membrane seam promptly, and the thickness of the built-in protective layer 3 of setting is thinner, consequently under the prerequisite that has stronger cushioning effect, has saved manufacturing raw materials to manufacturing cost has been reduced.

Since the inner protective layer 3 and the outer protective layer 2 are respectively preformed, they can be adhered to the leading edge 1 of the blade by an adhesive, or can be fixed to the leading edge 1 of the blade by a mechanical structure, for example, by a fastener. Of course, for integrally cast blades, the protective means may also be provided at the beginning of the blade manufacture. Specifically, the integrally poured blade is formed by spreading a shell of the blade by using an auxiliary tool, connecting an upper shell and a lower shell together through glass fiber cloth and other materials, and then integrally pouring the blade. When the protector is required to be installed, the protector can be arranged on the outermost side of the front edge 1 of the blade when the blade is layered, so that the protector and the blade are integrally poured, the protector and the blade are integrated into a whole, the safety is firmer, the influence on the pneumatic appearance is smaller, the manpower and the labor hour waste caused by pasting the protector again after the blade is formed are avoided, the cost is greatly saved, and the efficiency is improved.

The ratio of the width of the internal protective layer 3 to the width of the external protective layer 2 can be 1/6-1/2, the ratio of the length of the internal protective layer 3 to the length of the external protective layer 2 can be 1/6-2/3, and the part of the blade leading edge 1 with the linear velocity greater than the preset value range is seriously eroded by rain or impacted, so that the internal protective layer 3 is required to buffer to prolong the service life, therefore, the internal protective layer 3 is laid on the blade leading edge 1 of the part, and the external protective layer 2 is arranged on the outer side of the internal protective layer 3 to prevent insect corpse pollution, so that the power generation efficiency can be improved. In the part where the linear velocity of the blade leading edge 1 is less than the predetermined value range, the rain erosion or impact strength is generally low, and the main protection is contamination, so that it is possible to keep clean only with the external protective layer 3. Above-mentioned numerical range can not only avoid blade leading edge 1 to suffer the striking well, can avoid again using the material waste that the protective layer caused in a large number to under the circumstances of having guaranteed blade life, can reduce the fortune dimension cost.

According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, wherein the built-in protective layer 3 may include a plurality of built-in protective units, adjacent built-in protective units may be butted against each other.

Specifically, the thickness of the built-in protective layer 3 at the maximum thickness position may be 1.5 to 10mm, and more preferably, the thickness may be 2 to 8 mm. It will be appreciated that the thickness at the location of maximum thickness for the shaped built-in protective layer 3 is a value, that is to say, this value may be any one of 1.5 to 10 mm. The width of the built-in protective layer 3 may be 20-150mm and the length may be 3-50 m.

The thickness of the built-in protective layer 3 needs to be set reasonably by comprehensively considering factors such as processing requirements, use environment, reduction of influence of step effect, improvement of aerodynamic performance and the like. For example, the thickness of the built-in protective layer 3 may be set in consideration of factors such as rainfall intensity, air temperature, and annual rainfall at the geographical location where the site is used. Specifically, in regions with a small rainfall amount and a small raindrop diameter such as northwest of China, the thickness of the built-in protective layer 3 may be set to be thin, and in regions with a large rainfall amount and a large raindrop diameter, the thickness of the built-in protective layer 3 may be set to be thick. The built-in protective layer 3 may have an abutting surface which is bonded to the leading edge 1 of the blade and which may have the same shape as the leading edge 1 of the blade, for example the built-in protective layer 3 may be manufactured by means of a mould having the same profile as the partial area of the leading edge 1 of the blade.

The built-in protective layer 3 may be made of an elastic material, preferably, a material such as urethane rubber or silicone rubber, so that the built-in protective layer 3 has good elasticity and thus has a good buffering effect. Preferably, the internal protection layer 3 can be prefabricated by adopting a closed cavity die with two hard surfaces, and the shape of the inner surface of the internal protection layer 3 is consistent with the shape of the region to be jointed of the front edge of the blade.

The thickness of the external protection layer 2 can be uniformly set, and the thickness of the external protection layer 2 can be 0.1-0.6 mm. Preferably, the thickness of the external protective layer 2 may be 0.2mm, or 0.5 mm. After the outer protective layer 2 is bonded to the blade, its edges can be smoothly transitioned by high temperature melt deformation, thereby reducing aerodynamic losses of the blade.

The external protection layer 2 can completely cover the internal protection layer 3, and the thickness of the external protection layer 2 is uniform, so that the internal protection layer 3 can be better protected. The external protective layer 2 can be made of a strong weather-resistant material so as to have a long outdoor service life. In addition, the external protective layer 2 can have a low surface energy, so that it is resistant to soiling. Specifically, the external protection layer 2 may be formed by using a polyethylene material or a polyvinylidene fluoride material, and preferably, the external protection layer 2 is formed by using an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material subjected to UV resistance reinforcement. In addition, the external protective layer 2 also has better anti-freezing performance. Because the thickness of the external protective layer 2 is uniform, a step is formed between the edge of the external protective layer and the blade, and the aerodynamic performance of the blade is influenced, the characteristics of thermoplastic materials can be utilized, and the external protective layer is subjected to high-temperature melting smoothing treatment.

The utility model provides a protector has built-in protective layer 3 that is used for the buffering and can anti dirty and have longer life's external protective layer 2, through built-in protective layer 3 and external protective layer 2's synergism, makes the anti rain erosion ability promote by a wide margin to make weather resistance, anti rain erosion and the anti dirty ability of blade leading edge 1 all promoted by a wide margin.

Because the surface of the blade front edge 1 is in a curved surface shape with an irregular radian, and the curvature is large, in order to prevent the protective device from wrinkling when the surface of the blade front edge 1 is pasted, the aerodynamic performance of the blade is affected, and further the actual power generation is affected, the inner surface of the external protective layer 2 needs to be consistent with the shape of the region to be attached to the blade front edge. The preforming may be performed by removing a material from the external protective layer 2 so that at least one cutout may be formed in the external protective layer 2, end surfaces of edges of the cutout may be butted against each other, and a predetermined shape may be formed by fusion welding. The inner surface is formed by cutting and welding to have a shape conforming to the region to be attached of the leading edge of the blade.

Specifically, the external protective layer 2 may be cut along the chord direction, and the end faces of the edges of the cut at the cutting position may be connected in a butt joint manner. Further, the end face of the edge of the cut of the external protective layer 2 may be welded to eliminate the fixed shape at the joint. The utility model provides a butt joint indicates that external protective layer 2 forms through going the material and cuts out the incision, and the terminal surface at the edge that should cut out can laminate each other, nevertheless does not cover each other. The welding may be performed using a heat gun or other suitable tool. The cutting density of the cutting cuts of the external protective layer 2 gradually increases from the blade root to the blade tip, that is, the closer the external protective layer 2 is to the blade tip, the higher the possibility of the wrinkles is, and therefore, the more dense the number of the cutting cuts is.

Example one

Taking a wind turbine blade having an axial length of 42.2m as an example, the built-in protective layer 3 may be formed of a polyurethane material, and the thickness of the central portion of the built-in protective layer 3 in the width direction may be 2mm, and the thickness of the built-in protective layer 3 may gradually decrease from the central portion to both sides in the width direction to 0.1 mm. The dimension of the built-in protective layer 3 in the width direction may be 100mm, that is, the built-in protective layer 3 extends 50mm in the chord direction of the blade with the film-combining seam as the center. The length of the built-in protective layer 3 may be 4.5m and extend from the blade tip position to the blade root.

The external protective layer 2 may be formed of an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material with UV resistance, and may have a uniform thickness of 0.5mm, a width dimension of 350mm, and a length dimension of 12 m. The internal protective layer 3 and the external protective layer 2 can be bonded by epoxy structural adhesive. This blade leading edge 1 is through the synergistic effect of built-in protective layer 3 and external protective layer 2, can effectually resist wind field rain erosion, insect, chemical pollution, possesses longer life to the generating efficiency has been improved to a certain extent, so that the long-time reliable and stable operation of unit.

The utility model discloses the length direction and the width direction of well definition, length direction are greater than width direction, basically, and built-in protective layer 3 or external protective layer 2 set up behind the blade leading edge, and length direction is roughly the same with the axial direction of blade, and width direction is roughly the same with the chordwise direction of blade.

Example two

The blade having an axial length of 60m of the wind turbine blade will be described as an example. In this embodiment, the thickness of the central portion of the internal protective layer 3 is 3mm, the width-directional dimension of the internal protective layer 3 is 120mm, the width-directional dimension of the external protective layer 2 is 350mm, and the thickness-directional dimension of the external protective layer 2 may be 300 μm. The linear velocity of the blade tip position of the blade can be 85m/s, the linear velocity of the blade leading edge 1 is within the range of 75-85m/s in the axial direction of the blade, the built-in protective layer 3 is arranged, and the external protective layer 2 is arranged within the range of 50-85 m/s.

The described features, structures, or characteristics of the invention may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the description above, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the invention may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, materials, and so forth. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the invention.

Claims

1. A guard, characterized in that the guard comprises:

a built-in protective layer (3), the thickness of the built-in protective layer (3) gradually decreasing from the center to both sides in the width direction thereof;

the outer protective layer (2) covers the upper surface of the inner protective layer (3), and the edge of the outer protective layer (2) protrudes outwards from the edge of the inner protective layer (3).

2. The protective device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner protective layer (3) and the outer protective layer (2) are preformed separately, the thickness of the outer protective layer (2) being uniform, and the thickness of the outer protective layer (2) being 0.1-0.6 mm.

3. The protective device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the width of the inner protective layer (3) to the width of the outer protective layer (2) is 1/6-1/2, and the ratio of the length of the inner protective layer (3) to the length of the outer protective layer (2) is 1/6-2/3.

4. Protective device according to claim 3, characterized in that the maximum thickness of the built-in protective layer (3) is 2-8mm and/or the width of the built-in protective layer (3) is 20-150mm and the length is 3-50 m.

5. Guard according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner protective layer (3) comprises a plurality of inner protective units, adjacent inner protective units abutting each other, the outer protective layer (2) being integrally formed.

6. A blade for a wind power plant, characterized in that the blade leading edge (1) of the blade is provided with a protective device according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the lower surface of the built-in protective layer (3) is fixed to the blade leading edge (1) and one end of the built-in protective layer (3) is arranged on the blade tip of the blade.

7. The blade of a wind park according to claim 6, wherein the outer protective layer (2) conforms to the blade leading edge (1).

8. The blade of a wind turbine according to claim 7, wherein the outer protective layer (2) is formed with a plurality of cutouts at both side edges in the width direction thereof.

9. The blade of a wind turbine according to claim 8, wherein the distribution density of the plurality of cutouts increases from the root of the blade toward the tip of the blade.

10. A blade for a wind park according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the side edges of each trimming cut are butted; or the side edges of each cutout are joined by welding.