CN210669990U

CN210669990U - Photovoltaic module data acquisition unit and photovoltaic module system based on LORA

Info

Publication number: CN210669990U
Application number: CN201921792267.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟旭; 朱周洪; 陈军松; 赵金梁
Original assignee: Chitic Control Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Chitic Control Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-23
Filing date: 2019-10-23
Publication date: 2020-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-23

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic module data collection station and photovoltaic module system based on LORA, its technical scheme main points are: the device comprises a current and voltage detection module, a processor, an LORA communication module and an external antenna; the current and voltage detection module is coupled to the input and output interface of the photovoltaic module to collect the current and the voltage of the photovoltaic module and output corresponding current signals and voltage signals; the input end of the processor is coupled to the current and voltage detection module to receive the current signal and the voltage signal, and the output end of the processor is coupled to the LORA communication module to transmit the current signal and the voltage signal to the LORA communication module; the LORA communication module is connected with the external antenna and sends a current signal and a voltage signal through the external antenna. The current and voltage detection module transmits corresponding current signals and voltage signals to the processor, and the processor sends the current signals and the voltage signals out through the LORA communication module, so that the use of an entity data line is not needed, and the uploading of the data of the working condition of the photovoltaic assembly is facilitated.

Description

Photovoltaic module data acquisition unit and photovoltaic module system based on LORA

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a photovoltaic power generation technical field, in particular to photovoltaic module data collection station and photovoltaic module system based on LORA.

Background

A photovoltaic module or a solar photovoltaic panel is the most important part of a solar power station and is used for converting solar energy into electric energy.

The photovoltaic module generally has a long service life, but there is a possibility of damage, for example, the photovoltaic panel is partially shielded or dirty, and the photovoltaic panel can be damaged by a hot spot effect.

At present, a plurality of photovoltaic panels of a photovoltaic power station are connected in series to form a battery pack string and then connected to a junction box, and direct current provided by the battery pack string collected by the junction box is converted into 220V alternating current through an inverter and then is connected to a grid. Once the hot spot effect occurs to a plurality of photovoltaic panels in the battery string, the current and the voltage output by the photovoltaic panels are reduced, and the current in the whole battery string is reduced, so that the alternating current output by the inverter finally does not reach the standard, and the normal power supply is influenced. The traditional manual inspection mode can not find the faults of the photovoltaic module in time, and wastes time and labor.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Not enough to prior art exists, the utility model aims to provide a photovoltaic module data collection station based on LORA, its current, the data of voltage and launch data in real time through gathering photovoltaic module go out, conveniently monitor photovoltaic module's behavior.

The above technical purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: a photovoltaic module data acquisition device based on LORA comprises a current and voltage detection module, a processor, an LORA communication module and an external antenna;

the current and voltage detection module is coupled to the input and output interface of the photovoltaic module to collect the current and the voltage of the photovoltaic module and output corresponding current signals and voltage signals;

the input end of the processor is coupled with the current and voltage detection module to receive the current signal and the voltage signal, and the output end of the processor is coupled with the LORA communication module to transmit the current signal and the voltage signal to the LORA communication module;

the LORA communication module is connected with the external antenna and sends a current signal and a voltage signal through the external antenna.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, the current-voltage detection module transmits corresponding current signal and voltage signal to the treater according to photovoltaic module's voltage and electric current condition, and the treater sends out current signal and voltage signal through LORA communication module, and LORA communication module can realize long-distance wireless data transmission, need not the use of entity data line, conveniently uploads to photovoltaic module operational aspect's data.

Preferably, the photovoltaic module further comprises a DC/DC conversion module, the DC/DC conversion module is coupled to the input/output interface of the photovoltaic module, and the DC/DC conversion module collects the voltage of the photovoltaic module and provides a rated voltage for the current/voltage detection module, the processor, and the LORA communication module.

Through the technical scheme, the high-voltage power supply provided by the photovoltaic panel is converted into the low-voltage direct-current power supply suitable for the work of the data acquisition unit by the DC/DC circuit, the data acquisition unit can normally work without an external power supply, and the cost for putting the data acquisition unit into use is reduced.

Preferably, the DC/DC converter further comprises a status indication module, which is coupled to the DC/DC converter module and issues a corresponding indication according to an operating status of the DC/DC converter module.

Through the technical scheme, the working condition of the DC/DC conversion module is visually represented, when data of the data collector are not uploaded, a worker needs to go to the site to check the photovoltaic module, the working state of the DC/DC conversion module is known by observing the state indicating module, whether the photovoltaic module or the data collector goes wrong is rapidly judged, and the worker can conveniently perform follow-up targeted maintenance.

Preferably, still include the temperature and humidity measurement module, the temperature and humidity measurement module is used for gathering environment humidity and photovoltaic board temperature and exports corresponding humidity signal and temperature signal, the treater is coupled in the temperature and humidity measurement module and sends humidity signal and temperature signal with receiving humidity signal and temperature signal and through LORA communication module.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, increase the control to photovoltaic module operational environment, provide more comprehensive parameter, make the staff can judge the reason that leads to photovoltaic module to break down more accurately to make reasonable solution.

Another object of the utility model is to provide a photovoltaic module system, it utilizes data collection station all to monitor every photovoltaic module, through the working condition of long distance liftoff data transmission in time feedback photovoltaic module, makes photovoltaic power plant's staff can in time discover the photovoltaic module of trouble.

The above technical purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: a plurality of photovoltaic modules are connected in series to form a battery pack string, and any one of the photovoltaic module data collectors based on the LORA is installed on each photovoltaic module.

Through the technical scheme, each data collector corresponds to a single photovoltaic module, so that working conditions of all photovoltaic modules in the whole battery pack string can be conveniently known by workers in real time; when a fault occurs, the photovoltaic module which influences the normal work of the battery pack string can be accurately judged, and the fault is eliminated.

Preferably, each photovoltaic module is further provided with a circuit on-off module, and the circuit on-off module is used for switching the corresponding photovoltaic module from a serial connection state to a bypass state in the battery string; or the line switching module is used for switching the corresponding photovoltaic module from a bypass state to a string connection state in the battery string.

Through the technical scheme, when a single photovoltaic module has bad working conditions, the fault photovoltaic module is automatically and independently taken out from the battery pack string, the influence of the fault photovoltaic module on the battery pack string is reduced, after the problem of the photovoltaic module is solved by a worker, the fault photovoltaic module is connected back to the battery pack string again, and the resource waste caused by closing the whole battery pack string is avoided.

Preferably, the circuit on-off module includes a receiving circuit, a control circuit and an execution circuit, a first input end of the receiving circuit is coupled to the temperature and humidity detection module to receive the temperature signal, a second input end and a third input end of the receiving circuit are both coupled to the current and voltage detection module to receive the current signal and the voltage signal, respectively, an output end of the receiving circuit outputs a corresponding trigger signal according to the received temperature signal, the received current signal and the received voltage signal, a coupling of the control circuit is coupled to an output end of the receiving circuit to receive the trigger signal and output a corresponding control signal, and the execution circuit is coupled to the control circuit to receive the control signal and respond to the control signal to change a state of the corresponding photovoltaic module in the battery string.

Through the technical scheme, under normal conditions, the control circuit cannot be triggered, and the execution circuit enables the corresponding photovoltaic module to keep a serial connection state in the battery pack string; when the photovoltaic module generates a hot spot effect, the temperature and humidity detection module changes the output temperature signal, the current signal and the voltage signal output by the current and voltage detection module, the control circuit is triggered after the integration of the receiving circuit, and the execution circuit converts the corresponding photovoltaic module from a serial connection state to a bypass state, so that the influence of a failed photovoltaic module on a battery pack string is avoided.

To sum up, the utility model discloses the beneficial effect who contrasts in prior art does:

1. the data collector is arranged on each photovoltaic assembly in the battery pack string, so that the working condition of the photovoltaic assembly can be uploaded in real time, and the monitoring mode of a worker on the photovoltaic assembly is optimized;

2. by arranging the circuit on-off module, when the photovoltaic module generates a hot spot effect, the circuit is automatically switched to switch, so that the influence of a failed photovoltaic module on the battery pack string is reduced;

3. through setting up DC/DC conversion module, utilize the electric energy that photovoltaic module produced to support data collection station's work, reduce data collection station's use cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the entire structure of embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a DC/DC conversion module and a status indication module in embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a current/voltage detection module according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a temperature and humidity detection module in accordance with embodiment 1;

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a processor and a LORA communication module according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2;

fig. 7 is a circuit connection diagram of the line switching module in embodiment 2.

In the figure, 1, a current and voltage detection module; 11. a current collection circuit; 12. a voltage acquisition circuit; 2. a temperature and humidity detection module; 3. a processor; 4. a LORA communication module; 5. an external antenna; 6. a DC/DC conversion module; 61. a first-stage voltage reduction circuit; 62. a secondary voltage reduction circuit; 7. a status indication module; 71. a primary indication circuit; 72. a secondary indication circuit; 8. a circuit on-off module; 81. a receiving circuit; 82. a control circuit; 83. an execution circuit; 9. a combiner box.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1: referring to fig. 1, for the utility model discloses a photovoltaic module data collector based on LORA, including a DC/DC conversion module 6 connected to the input/output interface of the photovoltaic module, a current/voltage detection module 1 collecting the photovoltaic module through the input/output interface of the photovoltaic module, a temperature/humidity detection module 2 detecting the working environment humidity of the photovoltaic module and the temperature of the photovoltaic module, a status indication module 7 indicating the working status of the DC/DC conversion module 6, a processor 3, a LORA communication module 4 and an external antenna 5, wherein the current signal and the voltage signal outputted by the current/voltage detection module 1, the temperature signal and the humidity signal outputted by the temperature/humidity detection module 2 are all transmitted to the processor 3, the processor 3 sends the data signals through the LORA communication module 4, and the external antenna 5 can increase the transmission distance of the LORA communication module 4 for data transmission. The DC/DC conversion module 6 converts a high-voltage power supply of the photovoltaic panel into a low-voltage direct-current power supply and supplies power to the current and voltage detection module 1, the temperature and humidity detection module 2, the processor 3, the LORA communication module 4 and the state indication module 7.

Referring to fig. 2, the DC/DC conversion module 6 includes a first step-down circuit 61 and a second step-down circuit 62, wherein one end of the first step-down circuit 61 is coupled to the input/output interface of the photovoltaic module, and the other end of the first step-down circuit 61 is coupled to the second step-down circuit 62. The primary voltage reduction circuit 61 comprises a protective tube F1, a capacitor C5 with the capacity of 10uf, a capacitor C8 with the capacity of 10uf, a capacitor C6 with the capacity of 0.1uf, a spare capacitor C7, a capacitor C1 with the capacity of 0.1uf, a voltage reduction chip U1 with the model number MP8496A, a current limiting diode D1, an inductor L1 with the inductance value of 33uH, a resistor R1 with the resistance value of 240k, a resistor R2 with the resistance value of 10k, a capacitor C2 with the capacity of 0.1uf and a capacitor C4 with the capacity of 100 uf. The two-stage voltage reduction circuit 62 comprises a capacitor C9 with the capacity of 100uf, a capacitor C10 with the capacity of 0.1uf, a voltage reduction chip U2 with the model number of SPX1117-3.3, a capacitor C11 with the capacity of 0.1uf and a capacitor C12 with the capacity of 100 uf.

One end of a fuse F1 is coupled to the positive output end of the input/output interface of the photovoltaic module, the other end of the fuse F1 is coupled to the pin 3 of the buck chip U1, a capacitor C5 is connected in series with the capacitor C8, the other end of the capacitor C5 is coupled to the connection point between the fuse F1 and the pin 3 of the buck chip U1, and the other end of the capacitor C8 is grounded. One end of the capacitor C6 is coupled to the connection point between the fuse F1 and the pin 3 of the buck chip U1, and the other end of the capacitor C6 is grounded. The pin 6 and the pin 7 of the buck chip U1 are both coupled to the same end of the capacitor C7, and the other end of the capacitor C7 is grounded.

Pins

2, 8 and 9 of the buck chip U1 are all grounded. The pin 5 of the buck chip U1 is connected to one end of the inductor L1. One end of a capacitor C1 is coupled to the 4 pin of the buck chip U1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is coupled to the connection point between the inductor L1 and the 5 pin of the buck chip U1, the cathode of a current-limiting diode D1 is coupled to the connection point between the inductor L1 and the 5 pin of the buck chip U1, and the anode of the current-limiting diode D1 is grounded. The resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected in series, the other end of the resistor R1 is coupled to one end, far away from the buck chip U1, of the inductor L1, the other end of the resistor R2 is grounded, and a connection point between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 is coupled to a pin 1 of the buck chip U1. The capacitor C2 is connected in parallel to two ends of the resistor R1, one end of the capacitor C3 is coupled to a connection point between the inductor L1 and the resistor R1, and the other end of the capacitor C3 is grounded. One end of the capacitor C4 is coupled to the connection point between the inductor L1 and the resistor R1, and the other end of the capacitor C4 is grounded. The voltage drawn from the connection point between the inductor L1 and the resistor R1 is 5v, and the pin 3 of the buck chip U2 in the secondary buck circuit 62 is coupled to the connection point between the inductor L1 and the resistor R1. One end of the capacitor C9 is coupled to the connection point between the inductor L1 and the resistor R1, and the other end of the capacitor C9 is grounded. One end of the capacitor C10 is coupled to the connection point between the inductor L1 and the resistor R1, and the other end of the capacitor C10 is grounded. The pin 1 of the buck chip U2 is grounded, the

pins

2 and 4 of the buck chip U2 are both coupled to the same end of the capacitor C11, the other end of the capacitor C11 is grounded, one end of the capacitor C12 is coupled to a connection point between the capacitor C11 and the pin 2 of the buck chip U2, and the other end of the capacitor C12 is grounded. The voltage drawn from the junction between capacitor C11 and pin 2 of buck chip U2 is 3.3 v.

The maximum output voltage of the photovoltaic module is 120v, when the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is between 12v and 120v, the primary voltage reduction circuit 61 can convert the output voltage of the photovoltaic module into constant 5v voltage, and then the secondary voltage reduction circuit 62 converts the 5v voltage into 3.3v direct current voltage. The 3.3v direct-current voltage is the rated working voltage of the current voltage detection module 1, the temperature and humidity detection module 2, the processor 3, the LORA communication module 4 and the state indication module 7. The 5v direct current voltage is used as a standby selectable power supply gear, so that the data acquisition unit can provide more power supply options when an additional functional module is added.

Referring to fig. 2, the status indication module 7 includes a primary indication circuit 71 and a secondary indication circuit 72, the primary indication circuit 71 includes a resistor R4 with a resistance of 1K and a light emitting diode D3, and the secondary indication circuit 72 includes a resistor R3 with a resistance of 470R and a light emitting diode D2.

One end of the resistor R4 is coupled to a connection point between the inductor L1 and the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R4 is coupled to the anode of the led D3, and the cathode of the led D3 is grounded. One end of the resistor R3 is coupled to a connection point between the inductor L1 and the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R3 is coupled to the anode of the led D2, and the cathode of the led D2 is grounded.

The primary indicating circuit 71 is used for displaying whether the 5v power supply normally supplies voltage, and the secondary indicating circuit 72 is used for displaying whether the 3.3v power supply normally supplies voltage.

Referring to fig. 3, the current voltage detection module 1 includes a current collection circuit 11 and a voltage collection circuit 12. One end of the voltage acquisition circuit 12 is coupled to the positive output end of the input/output interface of the photovoltaic module, and the other end of the voltage acquisition circuit 12 outputs a voltage signal. One end of the current collection circuit 11 is coupled to the negative output end of the input/output interface of the photovoltaic module, and the other end of the current collection circuit 11 outputs a current signal.

Referring to fig. 4, the temperature and humidity detecting module 2 is a temperature and humidity sensor, and a signal of the temperature and humidity sensor is SHT 30.

Referring to fig. 5, the processor 3 uses a single chip microcomputer U4 with the model number of STM32F103C8T6 as a main body, pins 45 and 46 of the single chip microcomputer U4 are respectively connected with

pins

1 and 4 of the temperature and humidity detection module 2, a pin 14 of the single chip microcomputer U4 is used for receiving a current signal output by the current acquisition circuit 11, and a pin 15 of the single chip microcomputer U4 is used for receiving a voltage signal output by the voltage acquisition circuit 12. The LORA communication module 4 is in the model of LSD4RF-717N30, and pins 25, 26, 27 and 28 of the single chip microcomputer U4 are respectively connected with

pins

11, 12, 9 and 10 of the LORA communication module 4.

Example 2: referring to fig. 6, for the present invention discloses a photovoltaic module system, which includes a plurality of photovoltaic modules connected in series and a combiner box 9 for receiving output voltages of all the photovoltaic modules, the photovoltaic modules connected in series constitute a battery string. The data acquisition unit introduced in embodiment 1 is installed on each photovoltaic module, and a circuit on-off module 8 is also installed on each photovoltaic module.

Referring to fig. 7, the line switching module 8 includes a receiving circuit 81, a control circuit 82, and an execution circuit 83, where the receiving signal includes a nand gate a1 and an and gate a2, the control circuit 82 is a triode Q1, and the triode Q1 is an NPN-type triode with a model 2SC 4019. The execution circuit 83 is an intermediate relay KM 1.

One input terminal of the nand gate a1 is coupled to the current collecting circuit 11 for receiving the current signal, and the other input terminal of the nand gate a1 is coupled to the voltage collecting circuit 12 for receiving the voltage signal. The output end of the nand gate a1 is coupled to one input end of the and gate a2, the other input end of the and gate a2 is coupled to the temperature and humidity detection module 2 to receive the temperature signal, the output end of the and gate a2 is coupled to the base of the transistor Q1, the emitter of the transistor Q1 is grounded, the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the intermediate relay KM1, and the other end of the intermediate relay KM1 is coupled to the power source VCC. The normally closed contact KM1-2 of the intermediate relay KM1 is connected in series between the positive output end of the corresponding photovoltaic module and the negative output end of the adjacent photovoltaic module, one end of the normally open contact KM1-1 of the intermediate relay KM1 is connected to a connection point between one end of the normally closed contact KM1-2, which is far away from the positive output end of the corresponding photovoltaic module, and the negative output end of the adjacent photovoltaic module, and the other end of the normally open contact KM1-1 of the intermediate relay KM1 is connected to a connection point between the negative output end of the corresponding photovoltaic module and the positive output end of the other adjacent photovoltaic.

When the temperature signal is high level, the voltage signal and the current signal are low level, the triode Q1 is conducted, the intermediate relay KM1 works, the normally open contact KM1-1 of the intermediate relay KM1 is closed, and the normally closed contact KM1-2 is opened, so that two photovoltaic modules adjacent to the corresponding photovoltaic module are directly connected in series, and the corresponding photovoltaic module is separated from the battery pack string. Conversely, the corresponding photovoltaic module is reconnected to the string of battery packs.

The working principle is as follows:

state 1: under normal operating conditions, each photovoltaic module is connected in series in turn and together delivers the generated electrical energy to the combiner box 9. Temperature and humidity detection module 2 and current and voltage detection module 1 in the data acquisition unit collect corresponding photovoltaic module's relevant parameter to on uploading these parameters to monitor platform through LORA communication module 4, for the staff observes in real time.

State 2: when a plurality of photovoltaic modules are shielded and a hot spot effect occurs, the temperature of the shielded photovoltaic modules rises and the output current and voltage drop, so that the temperature signals output by the corresponding temperature and humidity detection modules 2 become high level, and the voltage signals and the current signals output by the current and voltage detection modules 1 are both low level, so that the corresponding photovoltaic modules are separated from the battery string. And the parameters can still be uploaded to a monitoring platform, and workers can timely notice abnormal data and solve the faults of the photovoltaic module as soon as possible.

The embodiment of this specific implementation mode is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not limit according to this the utility model discloses a protection scope, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the utility model are covered within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a photovoltaic module data collection station based on LORA, characterized by: the device comprises a current and voltage detection module (1), a processor (3), an LORA communication module (4) and an external antenna (5);

the current and voltage detection module (1) is coupled to an input/output interface of the photovoltaic module to collect current and voltage of the photovoltaic module and output corresponding current signals and voltage signals;

the input end of the processor (3) is coupled with the current and voltage detection module (1) to receive the current signal and the voltage signal, and the output end of the processor (3) is coupled with the LORA communication module (4) to transmit the current signal and the voltage signal to the LORA communication module (4);

the LORA communication module (4) is connected with the external antenna (5) and sends out current signals and voltage signals through the external antenna (5).

2. The LORA-based photovoltaic module data collector of claim 1, wherein: the photovoltaic module voltage detection circuit further comprises a DC/DC conversion module (6), wherein the DC/DC conversion module (6) is coupled to an input/output interface of the photovoltaic module, and the DC/DC conversion module (6) collects the voltage of the photovoltaic module and provides rated voltage for the current and voltage detection module (1), the processor (3) and the LORA communication module (4).

3. The LORA-based photovoltaic module data collector of claim 2, wherein: the device also comprises a status indication module (7), wherein the status indication module (7) is coupled to the DC/DC conversion module (6) and sends out corresponding indication according to the working status of the DC/DC conversion module (6).

4. The LORA-based photovoltaic module data collector of claim 1, wherein: still include temperature and humidity measurement module (2), temperature and humidity measurement module (2) are used for gathering environment humidity and photovoltaic board temperature and export corresponding humidity signal and temperature signal, processor (3) are coupled in temperature and humidity measurement module (2) and send humidity signal and temperature signal in order to receive humidity signal and temperature signal and through LORA communication module (4).

5. A photovoltaic module system is formed by connecting a plurality of photovoltaic modules in series to form a battery pack string, and is characterized in that: each photovoltaic module is provided with a LORA-based photovoltaic module data collector of any one of claims 1-4.

6. The photovoltaic module system of claim 5, wherein: each photovoltaic module is also provided with a circuit on-off module (8), and the circuit on-off module (8) is used for switching the corresponding photovoltaic module from a serial connection state to a bypass state in the battery string; or the line switching module (8) is used for switching the corresponding photovoltaic module from a bypass state to a string connection state in the battery string.

7. The photovoltaic module system of claim 6, wherein: the circuit on-off module (8) comprises a receiving circuit (81), a control circuit (82) and an execution circuit (83), a first input end of the receiving circuit (81) is coupled to the temperature and humidity detection module (2) to receive the temperature signal, the second input end and the third input end of the receiving circuit (81) are both coupled to the current and voltage detection module (1) and respectively receive the current signal and the voltage signal, the output end of the receiving circuit (81) outputs corresponding trigger signals according to the received temperature signal, current signal and voltage signal, the control circuit (82) is coupled to the output terminal of the receiving circuit (81) to receive the trigger signal and output a corresponding control signal, the execution circuit (83) is coupled to the control circuit (82) to receive the control signal and to change the state of the corresponding photovoltaic module in the string of battery packs in response to the control signal.