CN210664437U - Overhead transmission line sag on-line monitoring system - Google Patents
Overhead transmission line sag on-line monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210664437U CN210664437U CN201921264443.6U CN201921264443U CN210664437U CN 210664437 U CN210664437 U CN 210664437U CN 201921264443 U CN201921264443 U CN 201921264443U CN 210664437 U CN210664437 U CN 210664437U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an overhead transmission line sag on-line monitoring system, include the inclination measurement spheroid unit that sets up in the both ends that transmission line hung, because the measurement that hangs some inclination often has because the error that leads to such as mechanical structure factor and sensor, so still be provided with in the distance to ground measurement spheroid unit that transmission line sag is the lower setting. The calculation result of the sag can be corrected by combining direct measurement of the sag to the ground, errors caused by mechanical structure factors, sensors and the like in measurement of the inclination angle of the suspension point can be effectively corrected, and the measurement precision of the sag is greatly improved. And moreover, the actual height of the conductor to the ground can be obtained through direct measurement of the sag to the ground, and more effective information support can be provided for line maintenance when an emergency such as illegal buildings, tree growth, engineering machinery and the like exists below the conductor.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electric power transmission technical field especially relates to an overhead transmission line sag on-line monitoring system.
Background
Overhead transmission conductors are important components of power systems, and ensuring the transmission capacity and safe operation of lines is a key problem for maintaining transmission lines. By 2018, the length of a 110kV or more transmission line in China exceeds 100 kilometers, and the length of a 330kV or more transmission line reaches 12.05 kilometers. With the rapid development of national economy, the demand of various industries and fields in China on power capacity is increasing. The method has the advantages that the transmission capacity of the existing overhead transmission line is ensured and improved, the power supply safety of a power grid is improved, the intelligentization level of the power grid is improved while the length of the transmission line is increased, and the method is the key content of the intelligent power grid.
The sag of the power transmission wire is closely related to the transmission capacity of the wire, and the temperature, stress, ice coating thickness on the wire, ambient wind speed and the like of the wire can cause the change of the sag of the line; the over-small sag of the wire can cause over-large stress of the wire, and the mechanical safety of the wire is influenced; the sag is too large, the insulation distance of the circuit from the ground is small, and the danger of discharging the conducting wire to the ground exists. Among many factors influencing the sag of the power transmission conductor, the influence of temperature is the largest except for accidental influences such as ice coating and the like; therefore, the influence of the temperature of the transmission line conductor on the sag is researched, the working state of the transmission line conductor can be accurately mastered, and the theoretical significance and the practical value are very important. The method is more significant for monitoring important cross-region, easily damaged region, unmanned region and other regions.
On-line monitoring of the temperature and sag of a power transmission conductor is a precondition for studying the influence of temperature on the conductor. The traditional sag measurement method mainly comprises the following steps: rope-stopwatch method, angle method, baseline method and sag panel observation method. The methods have the defects of large error, terrain limitation on measurement, complex operation and complex calculation, and can only carry out off-line observation on the sag, which is not in accordance with the construction requirement of the current smart grid.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that an overhead transmission line sag on-line monitoring system to can accurate measurement transmission line sag state information is provided.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who takes is:
the utility model provides an overhead transmission line sag on-line monitoring system which characterized in that includes:
the device comprises inclination angle measurement spherical units arranged at two ends of a power transmission line suspension, wherein each measurement spherical unit comprises a first protection body, a first microprocessor, an inclination angle sensor, a temperature sensor, a first communication module and a first power supply energy storage body are arranged in each first protection body, the inclination angle sensor, the temperature sensor, the first communication module and the first power supply energy storage body are connected with the first microprocessor, a detection contact of the temperature sensor is fixed on the power transmission line, and the first communication module is communicated with a data receiving device arranged in a base station;
the ground distance measuring sphere unit is arranged at the lowest position of the arc sag of the power transmission line and comprises a second protection body, a second microprocessor, a microwave distance measuring module, an alarm module, a second communication module and a second power supply energy storage body are arranged in the second protection body, and the microwave distance measuring module, the alarm module, the second communication module and the second power supply energy storage body are connected with the second microprocessor;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first protection body and/or the second protection body are of a spherical structure, a top cover and a protection main body are/is provided with an upper lock and a lower lock, a support frame is arranged on the upper portion of the protection main body, a liquid storage tank is vertically arranged in the middle of the support frame, the liquid storage tank is of a closed structure, a sealing cover in sliding fit with the side wall of the liquid storage tank is arranged on the upper portion of the liquid storage tank, expansion liquid capable of enabling the sealing cover to slide up and down along the side wall of the liquid storage tank based on expansion and contraction is contained in the liquid storage tank, and a.
The protection main body comprises an upper protection cover and a lower protection cover which are buckled up and down and can be locked, a wire passing hole which can enable the power transmission line to pass through is arranged at the intersection of the upper protection cover and the lower protection cover, an elastic layer which can extrude the power transmission line is arranged on the inner wall of the wire passing hole, and the two wire passing holes are oppositely arranged.
The technical scheme is that a circle of flanging is horizontally and outwards arranged on the lower edge of the upper protective cover and the upper edge of the lower protective cover, and the two circles of flanging are locked by means of fixing bolts.
The further technical scheme is that the first power supply energy storage body and/or the second power supply energy storage body are/is a super capacitor and are connected with a wire induction electricity taking module, the wire induction electricity taking module is clamped on a power transmission line through an open-close type current transformer to obtain energy, and the super capacitor is charged through a rectification and control protection circuit.
The further technical proposal is that the connecting rod is provided with a hydrogen air bag.
The technical scheme is that a circle of waterproof flanging is horizontally and outwards arranged on the lower edge of the top cover.
The further technical scheme is that a moisture-proof layer is laid at the bottom of the inner cavity of the first protective body and/or the second protective body.
The further technical proposal is that the corresponding protection body below the moisture-proof layer is provided with air holes.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in:
the system can realize real-time monitoring and alarming on the sag of key lines and dangerous places, grasp the temperature and sag state information of the lines in real time, ensure the safety of the lines under the conveying capacity, also provide guarantee for dynamic capacity increase of the lines and avoid major accidents such as line breakage or earth discharge caused by conductor sag.
In the system, the calculation result of the sag can be corrected by combining direct measurement of the sag to the ground, errors caused by mechanical structural factors, sensors and the like in measurement of the inclination angle of the suspension point can be effectively corrected, and the measurement precision of the sag is greatly improved. And moreover, the actual height of the conductor to the ground can be obtained through direct measurement of the sag to the ground, and more effective information support can be provided for line maintenance when an emergency such as illegal buildings, tree growth, engineering machinery and the like exists below the conductor.
And, the protection body top can realize from deciding the lift based on expend with heat and contract with cold principle, and when the temperature was high, the overhead guard rose, made to have ventilative clearance between overhead guard and the protection main part, was favorable to measuring the heat dissipation of each electric elements in the spheroid unit, and after the temperature reduced, sealed between overhead guard and the protection main part can prevent impurity and rainwater etc. from getting into in measuring the spheroid unit, damaging each electric elements to can guarantee each normal operating and the life of measuring spheroid unit.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first shield and/or the second shield of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by the skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be implemented in other ways different from the specific details set forth herein, and one skilled in the art may similarly generalize the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, an overhead transmission line sag online monitoring system includes an inclination angle measuring sphere unit 10 disposed at two ends of a power transmission line suspension, and a ground distance measuring sphere unit 20 disposed at the lowest sag of the power transmission line.
The measuring sphere unit comprises a first protection body, a first microprocessor 11, an inclination angle sensor 12, a temperature sensor 13, a first communication module 14 and a first power supply energy storage body 15 are arranged in the first protection body, the inclination angle sensor 12, the temperature sensor 13, the first communication module 14 and the first power supply energy storage body 15 are connected with the first microprocessor 11, a detection contact of the temperature sensor 13 is fixed on a power transmission line, the detection contact of the temperature sensor 13 can extend out of the first protection body, and the first communication module 14 is communicated with a data receiving device arranged in a base station. When the sag of the line changes due to the operation load of the line and other factors, the inclination angle sensor 12 and the temperature sensor 13 transmit the detected inclination angle value and temperature value to the first microprocessor 11, the first microprocessor 11 transmits the information to a data receiving device in the base station through the first communication module 14, and then the sag of the power transmission line is calculated through a software system. The system can accurately monitor related information in time and transmit field monitoring data to background software through a wireless communication network in real time, so that line maintenance personnel can master the running state of the high-voltage transmission line in time. With regard to the detection of the temperature value, the influence of temperature on sag can be explored.
In this system, wire tilt measurement is achieved by a tilt sensor 12 mounted inside the sphere unit. According to newton's second law, inside a system, the velocity cannot be measured, but the acceleration can be measured. If the initial velocity is known, the linear velocity and hence the linear displacement can be calculated by integration. Therefore, an acceleration sensor using the principle of inertia can be employed; when the three-axis tilt sensor 12 is at rest, it is only acted by the gravity acceleration in the vertical direction, and there is no acceleration in the X and Y directions of its side surface, and the included angle between the gravity vertical axis and the sensitive axis of the acceleration sensor is the tilt angle.
The inclination angle measuring sphere unit 10 installed at the suspension part of the wire measures the inclination angle of the wire in real time, and the inclination angle information can be combined with a parabolic equation theory and a related algorithm to calculate sag height information.
As shown in fig. 4, the span between the two suspension points A, B of the wire is l, the height difference is h (B is higher than a), and the maximum sag in the wire loop is:
f＝l2ω/8Hcosψ
in the formula, H is the horizontal tension at the lowest point of the wire, and ω is the self-gravity (load) per unit length of the wire. The inclination angles of the wires at the suspension point A, B are:
θA＝arctan(lω/2Hcosψ-h/l)
θB＝arctan(lω/2Hcosψ+h/l)
substituting ω/H in the above two formulas into the first formula can obtain:
f＝(l/4)(tanθA+h/l)
or f ═ l/4 (tan θ B-h/l)
The functional relationship indicates that the sag value of the line can be calculated by measuring the inclination angle of the suspension point.
Because the measurement of the inclination angle of the suspension point often has errors caused by mechanical structural factors, sensors and the like, the ground distance measurement sphere unit 20 is also arranged, and the accuracy of sag measurement can be further improved. The ground distance measuring sphere unit 20 comprises a second protection body, a second microprocessor 21, a microwave distance measuring module 22, an alarm module 23, a second communication module 24 and a second power energy storage body 25 are arranged in the second protection body, the microwave distance measuring module 22, the alarm module 23, the second communication module 24 and the second power energy storage body 25 are connected with the second microprocessor 21, and the second communication module 24 is communicated with a data receiving device arranged in a base station. When the line sag changes due to the line operation load and other factors, the microwave ranging module 22 transmits the detected ground distance value to the second microprocessor 21, the second microprocessor 21 transmits the information to a data receiving device in the base station through the second communication module 24, and then the sag of the power transmission line calculated through the software system is corrected. Due to the arrangement of the alarm module 23, when the difference between the sag values fed back by the data receiving device to the inclination angle measuring sphere unit 10 and the ground distance measuring sphere unit 20 is large, it is determined that a foreign object invades below the sag of the power transmission line, and the second microprocessor 21 controls the alarm module 23 to alarm so as to expel the external sleeping object.
In the system, the infrared distance measurement precision is low, the distance is short, and the directivity is poor. The difficulty of laser ranging manufacturing is high, the cost is high, and an optical system needs to be kept clean, otherwise, the measurement is influenced. The ultrasonic ranging distance is limited, and the ultrasonic ranging device is sensitive to environmental influence. The microwave ranging is selected in combination with the fact that the ranging sphere unit is hung on a high-voltage wire for a long time and is very easy to be attacked by wind and sand in various severe weather such as sunshine, rain and the like. Because microwave ranging is insensitive to environmental influences and has less loss in the environment.
The basic principle of ranging is to measure the time delay of an echo signal relative to a transmitted signal, in short, the time between an electromagnetic wave sensor and a target. Assuming that the speed of light is C and the time taken for the electromagnetic wave to travel back and forth between the sensor and the target is τ, the distance R of the target from the sensor is 0.5C τ.
The system can realize real-time monitoring and alarming on the sag of key lines and dangerous places, grasp the temperature and sag state information of the lines in real time, ensure the safety of the lines under the conveying capacity, also provide guarantee for dynamic capacity increase of the lines and avoid major accidents such as line breakage or earth discharge caused by conductor sag.
In the system, the calculation result of the sag can be corrected by combining direct measurement of the sag to the ground, errors caused by mechanical structural factors, sensors and the like in measurement of the inclination angle of the suspension point can be effectively corrected, and the measurement precision of the sag is greatly improved. And moreover, the actual height of the conductor to the ground can be obtained through direct measurement of the sag to the ground, and more effective information support can be provided for line maintenance when an emergency such as illegal buildings, tree growth, engineering machinery and the like exists below the conductor.
Wherein, first protection body and/or second protection body are the spheroid structure, have the overhead guard 31 and the protection main part of upper and lower lock, the upper portion of protection main part is equipped with support frame 311, in the vertical liquid storage pot 312 that is equipped with in the middle part of support frame 311, liquid storage pot 312 is closed structure, and its upper portion is equipped with rather than lateral wall sliding fit's closing cap, fill in the liquid storage pot 312 and can make the closing cap follow the gliding inflation liquid from top to bottom of liquid storage pot 312 lateral wall based on expend with heat and contract with cold, the optional alcohol of inflation liquid, expend with heat and contract with cold effect is obvious, be equipped with connecting rod 313 between closing cap and the overhead guard. In order to facilitate the mounting of the individual electrical components, a mounting rod 37 is also provided in the protective body.
The protection body top can realize from deciding the lift based on expend with heat and contract with cold principle, when the temperature is high, top cap 31 rises, make to have ventilative clearance between top cap 31 and the protection main part, be favorable to measuring each electric elements's in the spheroid unit heat dissipation, after the temperature reduces, it is sealed between top cap 31 and the protection main part, can prevent that impurity and rainwater etc. from getting into in measuring the spheroid unit, damage each electric elements, thereby can guarantee each normal operating and life who measures the spheroid unit.
The protection main body comprises an upper protection cover 32 and a lower protection cover 33 which are buckled up and down and can be locked, specifically, a circle of flanging is horizontally and outwards arranged on the lower edge of the upper protection cover 32 and the upper edge of the lower protection cover 33, and the two circles of flanging are locked by means of fixing bolts.
A wire passing hole 34 through which the power transmission line can pass is formed in the intersection of the upper protective cover 32 and the lower protective cover 33, the wire passing hole 34 is formed by buckling arc-shaped notches of the upper protective cover 32 and the lower protective cover 33, an elastic layer 341 capable of extruding the power transmission line is arranged on the inner wall of the wire passing hole 34, and the two wire passing holes 34 are oppositely arranged. Through the arrangement of the wire passing holes 34, on one hand, the fixing of the sphere unit and the power transmission line can be realized, and the rotation and the sliding between the sphere unit and the power transmission line can be avoided through the elastic layer 341, so that the stability of the installation position of the sphere is ensured; on the other hand, the transmission line part is positioned in the sphere, which is beneficial to the installation of the probe of the temperature sensor 13.
The first power energy storage body 15 and/or the second power energy storage body 25 are/is a super capacitor and are connected with a wire induction electricity taking module, the wire induction electricity taking module obtains energy on a power transmission line through an open-close type current transformer card and charges the super capacitor through a rectification and control protection circuit, and the same wire induction electricity taking module is located in the ball body and can be protected.
The sphere unit is directly arranged on the high-voltage lead, and a stable and reliable power supply is provided for the sphere unit, which is one of the keys of the design of the sphere unit. The laser energy supply cost is high, and the reliability of long-term operation is difficult to ensure; the sphere unit has limited surface area and is difficult to realize power supply by utilizing solar energy. Aiming at the characteristics of high-voltage wires, the project is designed to adopt a mode of combining high-voltage wire induction power taking with super capacitor energy storage to carry out power supply design of a ball unit. The maximum power consumption of the sphere unit is estimated to be about 5W preliminarily, the average power consumption is about 1W, and the power supply requirement is suitable for induction power taking. The key points of induction electricity taking and supplying are the selection of the magnetic core, the design of an assembly structure, the optimization of a protection circuit and a power management control algorithm and the like. In consideration of power supply reliability, the problems of electricity taking efficiency and heat dissipation need to be effectively solved, and in fact, the sectional area of the magnetic core is not designed to be too large due to the constraint of the weight of the ball body, and the capacity of the super capacitor is not designed to be too large.
The hydrogen gas bag 314 is arranged on the connecting rod 313, and the density of hydrogen gas is less than that of air, so that the gravity of the top cover 31 can be reduced, and the top cover is favorable for rising upwards.
The lower edge of the top cover 31 is horizontally provided with a circle of waterproof flanging 315 outwards, so that rain leakage from a gap between the top cover 31 and the protection main body can be prevented.
The protection body corresponding to the lower part of the moisture-proof layer 35 is provided with the air holes 36, so that air in the protection body can be circulated, air entering from the air holes 36 can be adsorbed by the moisture-proof layer 35, the humidity of the entering air is lowered, and the dryness of the service environment of each electrical element is ensured.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and any person can make some simple modifications, deformations and equivalent replacements according to the present invention, all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an overhead transmission line sag on-line monitoring system which characterized in that includes:
the inclination angle measurement device comprises inclination angle measurement sphere units (10) arranged at two ends of a power transmission line suspension, wherein each measurement sphere unit comprises a first protection body, a first microprocessor (11), an inclination angle sensor (12) connected with the first microprocessor (11), a temperature sensor (13), a first communication module (14) and a first power supply energy storage body (15) are arranged in the first protection body, a detection contact of the temperature sensor (13) is fixed on the power transmission line, and the first communication module (14) is communicated with a data receiving device arranged in a base station;
the ground distance measuring sphere unit (20) is arranged at the lowest position of the power transmission line sag, the ground distance measuring sphere unit (20) comprises a second protection body, a second microprocessor (21), a microwave distance measuring module (22), an alarm module (23), a second communication module (24) and a second power supply energy storage body (25) are arranged in the second protection body, the microwave distance measuring module (22), the alarm module (23), the second communication module (24) and the second power supply energy storage body are connected with the second microprocessor (21), and the second communication module (24) is communicated with a data receiving device arranged in a base station;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
first protection body and/or second protection body are the spheroid structure, have overhead guard (31) and the protection main part of lock from top to bottom, the upper portion of protection main part is equipped with support frame (311), is equipped with a liquid storage pot (312) in the middle part of support frame (311) is vertical, liquid storage pot (312) are closed structure, and its upper portion is equipped with rather than lateral wall sliding fit's closing cap, fill in liquid storage pot (312) and can make the closing cap follow liquid storage pot (312) lateral wall gliding inflation liquid from top to bottom based on expend with heat and contract with cold, be equipped with connecting rod (313) between closing cap and overhead guard (31).
2. The overhead transmission line sag online monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the protection main body comprises an upper protection cover (32) and a lower protection cover (33) which are fastened up and down and can be locked, a wire passing hole (34) through which the transmission line can pass is formed at the intersection of the upper protection cover (32) and the lower protection cover (33), an elastic layer (341) capable of extruding the transmission line is arranged on the inner wall of the wire passing hole (34), and the two wire passing holes (34) are arranged oppositely.
3. An overhead transmission line sag on-line monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein a circle of flanging is horizontally arranged outwards on both the lower edge of the upper protective cover (32) and the upper edge of the lower protective cover (33), and the two circles of flanging are locked by means of fixing bolts.
4. The overhead transmission line sag on-line monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein the first power energy storage body (15) and/or the second power energy storage body (25) is/are a super capacitor and is connected with a wire induction electricity-taking module, the wire induction electricity-taking module is clamped on the transmission line through an open-close type current transformer to obtain energy, and the super capacitor is charged through a rectification and control protection circuit.
5. The overhead transmission line sag on-line monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein a hydrogen gas bag (314) is arranged on the connecting rod (313).
6. An overhead transmission line sag on-line monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein a circle of waterproof flanging (315) is horizontally arranged outwards on the lower edge of the top cover (31).
7. An overhead transmission line sag on-line monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein a moisture-proof layer (35) is laid on the bottom of the inner cavity of the first protective body and/or the second protective body.
8. The overhead transmission line sag on-line monitoring system according to claim 7, wherein air holes (36) are formed in corresponding protective bodies below the moisture-proof layer (35).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110307825A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-08 | 李立学 | A kind of overhead transmission line arc sag on-line monitoring system |
| CN118068082A (en) * | 2024-04-17 | 2024-05-24 | 威海双城电气有限公司 | Electric wire electricity consumption monitoring system and method based on Internet of things |
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2019
- 2019-08-06 CN CN201921264443.6U patent/CN210664437U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110307825A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-08 | 李立学 | A kind of overhead transmission line arc sag on-line monitoring system |
| CN118068082A (en) * | 2024-04-17 | 2024-05-24 | 威海双城电气有限公司 | Electric wire electricity consumption monitoring system and method based on Internet of things |
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