CN210660037U - Safe operation system based on adjustable annular pumping helps row well head combustible gas - Google Patents
Safe operation system based on adjustable annular pumping helps row well head combustible gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN210660037U CN210660037U CN201921477922.6U CN201921477922U CN210660037U CN 210660037 U CN210660037 U CN 210660037U CN 201921477922 U CN201921477922 U CN 201921477922U CN 210660037 U CN210660037 U CN 210660037U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a safe operation system based on adjustable annular pumping drainage-assisting well head combustible gas, which comprises a sand discharge pipeline, an adjustable annular pumping drainage-assisting mechanism, an ignition device, a gas injection unit and a first gas injection manifold, wherein the adjustable annular pumping drainage-assisting mechanism connects the well head with the sand discharge pipeline; the gas injection unit generates inert gas; the first gas injection manifold supplies inert gas generated by the gas injection unit to the adjustable annular suction and discharge assisting mechanism to form negative pressure suction; the ignition device is arranged at the outlet end of the sand discharge pipeline and can ignite the combustible gas discharged from the sand discharge pipeline. The utility model discloses can realize binary channels suction, notes nitrogen gas suction method that the gas injection can be regulated and control, eliminate and go on under the stratum a small amount of natural gas condition "take off the drilling, change the safety risk that the natural gas spills over the well head when the open-top well operation such as rubber core" is showing and promoting the site operation security, do benefit to gas drilling and carry out the speed-raising advantage and exert, be applicable to the reverse circulation well drilling field.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a drilling (probing) engineering technical equipment field, particularly, relate to an adopt inert gas (for example, nitrogen gas) to pump well head combustible gas's safe operating system, can be used to oil and gas well drilling technical field, also be applicable to the reverse circulation well drilling field.
Background
Generally, the gas drilling technology has the advantages of accelerating, controlling leakage, protecting a reservoir and the like, is widely applied to oil and gas blocks such as Chongqing, Xinjiang, Qinghai and the like in recent years, and can accelerate the speed by more than 3 times compared with the conventional drilling technology. The gas-containing layer section with poor drilling performance is accelerated more and more commonly by adopting gas drilling, and once a small amount of natural gas is produced in the stratum to be met (less than or equal to)10000m3And d), the circulating medium is converted into inert gas nitrogen to avoid underground explosion accidents, but because of the lack of an annular blowout preventer, the large size of a drilling tool and the incapability of passing through a rotary control head assembly and other reasons, natural gas possibly overflows a well head during open-hole operations such as tripping and rubber core replacement, and great potential safety hazards are brought.
① belongs to passive control measures, natural gas overflow from the well mouth cannot be fundamentally prevented, natural gas which possibly overflows can be blown off only by the exhaust fan, ② has great potential safety hazard, especially knocking operation, because field operation safety cannot be ensured, when a small amount of natural gas is drilled (less than or equal to 10000 m), ③ meets the condition that the ground layer meets the requirements of safe field operation3And/d), the gas drilling operation is often forced to be terminated early, which is not favorable for the speed-up advantage.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve at least one of the above-mentioned not enough of prior art existence.
For example, it is an object of the present invention to provide a device that can safely process combustible gas formed by oil and gas drilling or well head drilling. The utility model discloses a safe difficult problem when another aim at solves the stratum and goes out under the small amount of natural gas condition gas drilling open well operation to improve the gas-bearing interval gas drilling open well operation security, prolong gas drilling footage, thereby do benefit to gas drilling speed-raising advantage performance, even fill the blank of gas drilling open well operation safety process measure when the stratum goes out a small amount of natural gas.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a safe operating system based on adjustable annular suction helps row well head combustible gas, safe operating system includes row's sand pipeline, the first adjustable annular suction helps row mechanism, ignition, gas injection unit and first gas injection manifold, wherein, suction helps row mechanism to include coaxial basic flange, gas injection casing, well core public pipe and the core pipe of setting, wherein, the basic flange has the left side portion that can be connected with the well head, has the right side portion of outer circular conical surface, and along the outer bulge of radial outside protrusion; the gas injection shell comprises a left side part with a first inner diameter, a right side part with a second inner diameter and one or more than two gas injection joints, wherein the first inner diameter is larger than the second inner diameter, the left side part of the gas injection shell is fixedly connected with the outer protruding part of the base flange through an anti-rotation component, the inner circumference of the right side part of the gas injection shell is provided with a first thread, and the gas injection joints are communicated with a space corresponding to the first inner diameter; the central male pipe comprises a right side part inserted into the left side of the upper core pipe and closely contacted with the inner circumferential wall of the upper core pipe through a first sealing member, a left side part with a second thread, and an inner conical surface formed on the inner circumference of the left side part of the central male pipe, wherein the second thread is arranged on the outer wall of the central male pipe and can be matched with the first thread to realize the left or right movement of the central male pipe relative to the gas injection shell corresponding to the axial rotation of the central male pipe, and the inner conical surface can be matched with the outer conical surface of the right side part of the base flange to form an adjustable injection channel communicated with the gas injection connector, so that the closing or opening of the injection channel is realized corresponding to the left or right movement of the central male pipe; the upper core pipe is provided with a right side part which can be connected with a sand discharge pipeline; the gas injection unit generates inert gas; the first gas injection manifold connects the gas injection unit with a gas injection joint of the first adjustable annular suction and exhaust assisting mechanism to form a negative pressure suction effect in the first adjustable annular suction and exhaust assisting mechanism; the ignition device is arranged at the outlet end of the sand discharge pipeline and can ignite the combustible gas discharged from the sand discharge pipeline.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the safety operation system may further include a second adjustable annular suction drainage assisting mechanism and a second gas injection manifold, wherein the second adjustable annular suction drainage assisting mechanism is disposed at a turning of the sand discharge pipeline; the second gas injection manifold provides the inert gas generated by the gas injection unit to the second adjustable annular suction and exhaust assisting mechanism so as to form negative pressure suction in the second adjustable annular suction and exhaust assisting mechanism.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the safety operation system may further include a third gas injection manifold and a supercharger, wherein the gas inlet end of the supercharger is connected to the gas injection unit through a valve, the third gas injection manifold communicates the gas outlet end of the supercharger with the well head, and the third gas injection manifold can withstand a predetermined high pressure. In addition, the safety work system may further include a low pressure gate valve group disposed between the gas injection unit and the first, second, and third gas injection manifolds. In addition, the safety operation system may further include a flow meter, a riser flat valve, and/or a pressure relief pry disposed on the third gas injection manifold.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the gas injection unit may include one or more than two sets of nitrogen generation units. In addition, the nitrogen generation unit can be composed of one or more than two membrane nitrogen generation units and one or more than two air compressors.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the central core male pipe in the safety operation system may further include a rotation fitting portion capable of allowing the central core male pipe to rotate around the shaft under an external force. For example, the swivel fitting may be provided on an outer wall of the core male pipe between a left side of the upper core pipe and the right side of the gas injection housing.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the suction exhausting assisting mechanism may further include an upper core tube chucking member, which can chuck a right side portion of the central core male tube with the upper core tube and restrict an axial displacement between the upper core tube and the central core male tube.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the central core male pipe may further include an outer convex circumferential portion provided on the left side portion of the central core male pipe and located on the left side of the second thread and protruding radially outward, so as to improve the sealing property of the first thread and the second thread. Further, the suction-assist discharge mechanism may further include a second seal member provided between the right side portion of the gas-injection housing and the outer circumferential outer portion of the core male pipe. In addition, the first sealing element may include a sealing ring and a sealing groove that are fitted to each other, and the second sealing element may include a sealing ring and a sealing groove that are fitted to each other.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the left side portion of the gas injection housing may be fastened to the outer protrusion of the base flange by a detachable rotation prevention member.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model include one or more in following content:
(1) the adjustable annular pumping drainage-assisting mechanism is additionally arranged at a specific position of the sand discharge pipeline, a certain amount of nitrogen is injected into the sand discharge pipeline, the nitrogen flows at a high speed in the sand discharge pipeline, a certain pumping force is generated at a wellhead position, and natural gas in a shaft is sucked and guided into the sand discharge pipeline to be prevented from overflowing out of the wellhead;
(2) the two additionally arranged adjustable annular pumping drainage-assisting mechanisms are respectively arranged at the outlet position of the side of the wellhead rotation control head and the Z-shaped landing tee joint position of a sand discharge pipeline in a well site;
(3) optimizing and improving the structure and the connection mode of a gas injection unit, introducing a low-pressure gate valve group, and realizing the switching of nitrogen injection modes under different working conditions and the independent regulation and control of the amount of nitrogen injected at different adjustable annular pumping and exhausting-assisting mechanisms by controlling gate valves of the low-pressure gate valve group;
(4) arranging an automatic ignition device at the outlet of the sand discharge pipeline, and igniting, burning and exhausting the natural gas sucked to the outlet of the sand discharge pipeline;
(5) the method provides a safe operation method for open-hole operations such as tripping and replacing rubber cores under the condition of a small amount of natural gas produced from the stratum, eliminates the safety risk possibly caused by the overflow of the natural gas of a shaft from a well mouth, improves the safety of gas drilling operation in a gas-containing layer section, and is more beneficial to the speed-increasing advantage of gas drilling.
Drawings
Fig. 1a shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an adjustable annular pumping and exhausting-assisting mechanism in an exemplary embodiment of an adjustable annular pumping and exhausting-assisting wellhead combustible gas-based safe operating system of the present invention;
FIG. 1b shows an enlarged partial schematic view of I of FIG. 1 a;
fig. 2 is a schematic external view of an adjustable annular pumping and exhausting-assisting mechanism in an exemplary embodiment of the adjustable annular pumping and exhausting-assisting wellhead combustible gas-based safe operation system of the present invention;
fig. 3a is a schematic cross-sectional view of an adjustable annular pumping and exhausting aid mechanism in a closed state according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3b shows an enlarged partial schematic view of N in FIG. 3 a;
fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the safe operation system based on adjustable annular pumping assisted discharging of wellhead combustible gas.
Description of reference numerals:
a ' 1-basic flange, A ' 2-gas injection joint, A ' 3-upper core tube, A ' 4-upper core tube flange, A ' 5-upper core tube snap ring, A ' 6-middle core tube (male), A ' 7-gas injection shell, A ' 8-inner hexagon screw and A ' 9-upper core tube snap ring fastening bolt;
the system comprises a 1-rotary control head, a 2-wellhead blowout preventer group, a 3-first nitrogen making unit, a 4-second nitrogen making unit, a 5-booster unit, a 6-low-pressure gate valve group, a 7-pressure relief pry body, an 8-flowmeter, a 9-wellhead hydraulic flat valve, a 10-1# adjustable annular pumping and drainage assisting mechanism, a 11-2# adjustable annular pumping and drainage assisting mechanism, a 12-riser flat valve, a 13-low-pressure gas injection pipeline, a 14-high-pressure gas injection pipeline, a 15-1# pumping pipeline, a 16-2# pumping pipeline, a 17-in-wellhead sand discharge pipeline, an 18-out-well site sand discharge pipeline and a 19-automatic ignition device.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the safety operation system based on adjustable annular pumping assisted discharging wellhead combustible gas of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the adjustable annular pumping assisted discharge wellhead combustible gas-based safe operation system may include a sand discharge (or sand discharge) pipeline, a first adjustable annular pumping assisted discharge mechanism, an ignition device, a gas injection unit and a first gas injection manifold.
The first adjustable annular pumping drainage-assisting mechanism can directly or indirectly connect the wellhead with the sand discharge pipeline. Specifically, the upstream end of the first adjustable annular pumping and discharging assisting mechanism can be directly or indirectly connected with a wellhead, and the downstream end of the first adjustable annular pumping and discharging assisting mechanism can be connected with a sand discharge pipeline. For example, the upstream end of the first adjustable annular pumping and discharge-assisting mechanism can be connected with a rotary control head of a wellhead through a wellhead hydraulic flat valve. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the first adjustable annular suction and discharge assisting mechanism can be provided with an adjustable annular jet channel which is communicated with the first gas injection manifold to generate an annular jet airflow zone so as to form a negative pressure suction effect. The ring shape is formed around the central axis of the first adjustable annular suction assist mechanism. The upstream and downstream ends of the first adjustable annular pumping assist device are with respect to the direction of fluid flow along the axial direction.
The gas injection unit is used to generate an inert gas (e.g., nitrogen). For example, the gas injection unit can act as an inert gas source. The gas injection unit may include one or more than two sets of nitrogen generation units. The nitrogen production unit can be composed of one or more than two membrane nitrogen production units and one or more than two air compressors. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and other devices capable of forming an inert gas are also possible.
The first gas injection manifold can provide the inert gas generated by the gas injection unit to the first adjustable annular suction and exhaust assisting mechanism so as to form negative pressure suction in the first adjustable annular suction and exhaust assisting mechanism. For example, the first gas injection manifold may provide inert gas to the adjustable annular jet channel of the first adjustable annular pumping and exhausting aid mechanism to generate jet gas flow inclined to the axial direction, so as to form negative pressure pumping action in the inner peripheral wall of the first adjustable annular pumping and exhausting aid mechanism, thereby generating good pumping action on the fluid containing combustible gas at the well mouth connected with the first adjustable annular pumping and exhausting aid mechanism.
The ignition device may be disposed at an outlet end of the sand drain line and may be capable of igniting the combustible gas discharged from the sand drain line. The ignition device may be an automatic or remote ignition device to further improve operational safety.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the adjustable annular suction drainage assisting mechanism may include: the gas injection device comprises a base flange, a gas injection shell, a central core male pipe and an upper core pipe which are coaxially arranged.
The left side of the base flange can be connected directly or indirectly with the wellhead. For example, the left side of the base flange can be connected with a rotary control head of a wellhead through a wellhead hydraulic flat valve. The outer wall on the right side of the basic flange is provided with an outer conical surface. For example, the outer wall of the right end portion of the tubular body of the base flange has a truncated cone curved surface having a predetermined width in the axial direction. The base flange also has an outer projection projecting radially outward. For example, the outer projection of the base flange may be flange-like.
The gas injection housing may include a left side having a first inner diameter, a right side having a second inner diameter, and one or more gas injection joints. Wherein the first inner diameter is greater than the second inner diameter, for example, the first inner diameter may be about 1/4 to 1/5 greater than the second inner diameter. The left side of the gas injection shell is fixedly connected with the outer protruding part of the basic flange through an anti-rotation component. The rotation preventing member is capable of restricting relative rotation between the gas injection housing and the base flange. For example, the rotation prevention member may be an inner polygonal screw, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the anti-rotation component can also be provided with a structure convenient for manual disassembly, so that the disassembly operation is convenient when the injection flanges with different specifications need to be replaced. The inner circumferential wall on the right side of the gas injection shell is provided with a first thread. For example, the inner circumferential wall of the right-side end portion of the gas-injection housing may be provided with a first thread having a predetermined width in the axial direction. The gas injection joint is capable of communicating a space corresponding to the first inner diameter with the gas injection unit via the first gas injection manifold. For example, the gas injection joint may communicate with the injection channel through the inner space of the gas injection housing, or may directly communicate with the injection channel, so that the inert gas of the gas injection unit is injected into the main body line through the injection channel. The gas injection joint can be arranged on the gas injection shell in a threaded connection mode, and can also be connected through continuous casting. For example, the gas-injection joint may be disposed through the left side of the gas-injection housing.
The right side of the central core male pipe may be inserted into the left side of the upper core pipe and brought into close contact with the inner circumferential wall of the upper core pipe by the first sealing member. The first sealing member may be formed by a sealing ring and a sealing groove which are fitted to each other, however, the present invention is not limited thereto, and other members capable of achieving an effective sealing function may be used. The outer circumferential wall on the left side of the central core male pipe can be provided with a second thread which can be matched with the first thread of the gas injection shell. The first thread and the second thread can be tightly matched, so that the central core male pipe can move leftwards or rightwards relative to the gas injection shell through the rotation around the shaft under the action of external force, namely move leftwards and rightwards along the axial direction. The core pin further has an inner tapered surface formed on the inner circumferential wall on the left side thereof. For example, the inner wall of the left end of the tube body of the core male tube is a circular truncated cone curved surface having a predetermined width in the axial direction. The inner conical surface of the central core male pipe can be matched with the outer conical surface of the base flange to form an adjustable injection channel. The injection channel is communicated with the gas injection joint. For example, the injection channel may be in the form of a circular band that is adjustable in size. For example, as the core pin rotates around the shaft clockwise or counterclockwise under the action of external force, the core pin moves leftwards or rightwards under the matching of the first thread and the second thread, so that the adjustment of the size of the injection channel is correspondingly realized, and even when the inner conical surface of the core pin completely contacts the outer conical surface of the base flange, the closing of the injection channel is realized.
In addition, the central core male pipe may further include an outer convex circumferential portion provided on a left side portion of the central core male pipe and located on a left side of the second thread of the central core male pipe to further improve sealability of the first thread of the gas injection housing in cooperation with the second thread of the central core male pipe. Here, the outer convex circumferential portion of the core male pipe may be an annular band that projects outward in the radial direction of the core male pipe, and may be, for example, in a flange-like shape. In addition, a second seal member may be further provided between the right side of the gas injection housing on which the first thread is provided and the outer flange of the core male pipe, thereby further ensuring the sealing effect. The second sealing member may be formed by a sealing ring and a sealing groove which are fitted to each other, however, the present invention is not limited thereto, and other members capable of achieving an effective sealing function may be used.
In addition, the central core male pipe can further comprise a rotation matching part which can enable the central core male pipe to rotate around the central shaft under the action of external force. Here, the swivel fitting portion may be provided on an outer wall of the center core male pipe between the left side of the upper core pipe and the right side of the gas injection housing. For example, the swivel fitting may be one or more swivel holes provided on the outer wall of the core male pipe at a position between the upper core pipe and the gas injection housing. The rotation operation of the centering core male pipe can be more conveniently carried out by arranging the rotation matching part. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the center core male pipe may be rotated by a jig or the like, or may be rotated by the upper core pipe in a state where the upper core pipe is fixedly fitted to the center core male pipe.
The upper core tube has a right side portion connectable to the sand discharge line. For example, the right side of the upper core tube may be flanged or clamped to the sand discharge line.
In addition, the first adjustable annular suction and discharge assisting mechanism can further comprise an upper core pipe flange on the basis of the structure. The upper core pipe flange is convenient for connecting the right side of the upper core pipe with the sand discharge pipeline.
In addition, the first adjustable annular suction and discharge assisting mechanism can further comprise an upper core tube clamping piece on the basis of the structure. Go up the core pipe joint spare and can be with the right side of well core public pipe and go up the core pipe chucking to limit the axial displacement between core pipe and the well core public pipe, thereby can ensure the sealed effect of core pipe and well core public pipe more effectively, avoid removing because of well core public pipe and remove and lead to well core public pipe and the sealed insecure of core pipe. However, the utility model discloses be not limited to this, for example, can guarantee the sealed effect of upper core pipe and well core public pipe through the structure of reasonable setting first sealing member, or coincidence mode and coincidence yardstick between the right side of well core public pipe and the left side of upper core pipe, and then avoid removing and lead to well core public pipe and upper core pipe's sealed insecure because of the removal of well core public pipe.
The first adjustable annular pumping and exhausting assisting mechanism can be installed at a wellhead position, and fluid (such as combustible gas including natural gas or gas-solid mixed phase, gas-liquid-solid mixed phase and other multiphase fluid) at the wellhead can be pumped into the sand discharge manifold under the pumping action generated by the first adjustable annular pumping and exhausting assisting mechanism, so that the operation safety is improved.
In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the safety operation system based on adjustable annular pumping assisted extraction of combustible gas at the wellhead may further include a second adjustable annular pumping assisted extraction mechanism and a second gas injection manifold on the basis of the structure including the above exemplary embodiments.
The second adjustable annular suction drainage aid mechanism may be arranged at a turn of the sand discharge line, for example a right angle turn. The second adjustable annular suction drainage-assisting mechanism can connect two pipe bodies which are adjacent to each other at the turning part of the sand discharge pipeline and can form negative pressure suction action on the turning part. In particular, the upstream end of the second adjustable annular suction assist device may be connected to the bend and the downstream end of the second adjustable annular suction assist device may be connected to a subsequent tube. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the second adjustable annular suction and discharge assisting mechanism can be provided with an adjustable annular jet channel which is communicated with the second gas injection manifold to generate an annular jet airflow zone so as to form a negative pressure suction effect. The ring shape is formed around the central axis of the second adjustable annular suction assist mechanism. The upstream and downstream ends of the second adjustable annular pumping assist device are with respect to the direction of fluid flow along the axial direction.
The second gas injection manifold can provide the inert gas generated by the gas injection unit to the second adjustable annular suction-exhaust assisting mechanism to form negative pressure suction in the second adjustable annular suction-exhaust assisting mechanism. For example, the second gas injection manifold may provide inert gas to the adjustable annular jet channel of the second adjustable annular pumping and evacuation assisting mechanism to generate an axially inclined jet flow with the second adjustable annular pumping and evacuation assisting mechanism, thereby creating a negative pressure pumping action in the inner peripheral wall of the second adjustable annular pumping and evacuation assisting mechanism, and thereby creating a good pumping action on solids (e.g., sand), gas, liquid or mixed phases at the turn of the sand discharge line where the second adjustable annular pumping and evacuation assisting mechanism is connected.
It should be noted that the second adjustable annular suction and discharge assisting mechanism may have the same structure as the first adjustable annular suction and discharge assisting mechanism, and the difference is that the second adjustable annular suction and discharge assisting mechanism is installed at the turning of the sand discharge pipeline and connected with the gas injection unit through the second gas injection manifold; and the first adjustable annular pumping drainage-assisting mechanism is arranged at the position of a wellhead and is connected with the gas injection unit through a first gas injection manifold. Specifically, the second adjustable annular suction drainage aid mechanism can be connected to the corner of the sand discharge pipe through the left side of the base flange, can be connected to the pipe body behind the corner through the right side of the upper core pipe, and is communicated with the gas injection unit through one or more gas injection joints and a second gas injection manifold of the gas injection housing.
The second adjustable annular pumping and discharging assisting mechanism can be arranged at the downstream of a pipeline turning position and the like, the generated pumping action can further provide pumping force for fluid (such as combustible gas such as natural gas or gas-solid mixed phase, gas-liquid-solid mixed phase and other multiphase fluid) in the sand discharging pipeline, and the local loss or accumulation of the fluid at a turning position can be greatly reduced.
In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the adjustable annular pumping assisted extraction wellhead combustible gas-based safe operation system may further include a third gas injection manifold and a supercharger on the basis of the mechanism including any one of the above exemplary embodiments.
The air inlet end of the supercharger is connected with the air injection unit through a valve, and the supercharger can increase inert gas from the air injection unit. The number of the superchargers may be one or two or more. The third gas injection manifold communicates the gas outlet end of the booster with the wellhead so as to provide the pressurized inert gas to the wellhead. The third gas injection manifold and the booster can provide high-pressure inert gas (such as nitrogen) to the wellhead, so that the safety operation system based on the adjustable annular pumping and exhausting-assisted wellhead combustible gas of the exemplary embodiment can be provided with high-pressure nitrogen required by nitrogen drilling operation. The third gas injection manifold is capable of withstanding a predetermined high pressure. The high pressure range may be determined based on field conditions. For example, a specific pressure range of the high pressure may be not less than 21 MPa. In addition, in the present exemplary embodiment, one or more of a flow meter, a riser flat valve, a pressure relief pry, and the like may also be provided on the third gas injection manifold to facilitate flow sensing and switching, pressure relief operations.
Further, in this exemplary embodiment, the safety operating system may further include a low pressure gate valve set disposed between the gas injection unit and the first, second, and third gas injection manifolds, thereby facilitating independent gas supply to one or more of the first, second, and third gas injection manifolds through the gas injection unit.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the safe operation system based on adjustable annular pumping assisted discharging of wellhead combustible gas.
As shown in fig. 4, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the safety operation system based on adjustable annular pumping assisted discharging of combustible gas at the wellhead may include: the device comprises a gas injection unit, a gas injection manifold, a sand discharge pipeline, an adjustable annular suction and discharge assisting mechanism and an automatic ignition device.
The gas injection unit comprises a first nitrogen production unit 3, a second nitrogen production unit 4 and a booster set 5. The first nitrogen production unit 3 consists of 4 air compressors and 1 membrane nitrogen production unit, the rest air compressors and the membrane nitrogen production unit form a second nitrogen production unit 4, and the two nitrogen production units pass through
The hose is parallelly connected to low-pressure floodgate valves 6, and the three exit end of low-pressure floodgate valves 6 is connected 1# suction line 10 respectively, 2# suction line 11 and the 5 low pressure hose that admits air of pressure booster unit, switches through 6 passageways of low-pressure floodgate valves, satisfies nitrogen gas injection mode under the different operating modes and changes.
The gas injection manifold comprises a low-pressure gas injection manifold 13, a high-pressure gas injection pipeline 14 and a low-pressure gas injection pipelineThe pressure valve group 6, the 1# suction pipeline 15, the 2# suction pipeline 16, the pressure relief pry body 7 and the flowmeter 8. The low-pressure gas injection manifold 13 is used for connecting an air compressor in series, producing nitrogen to the low-pressure gate valve set 6 through a membrane, and connecting the low-pressure gate valve set 6 to the inlet of the booster set 5
A hose. The high-pressure gas injection pipeline 14 is used for connecting the high-pressure outlet end of the booster unit 5 to the vertical pipe flat valve 12
The steel pipeline connects the pressure relief pry 7 and the flowmeter 8 in series on the high-pressure gas injection pipeline 14. The 1# suction line 15 is adopted from the port of the 6-Z1# gate valve of the low-pressure gate valve group
The hose is connected to the No. 1 adjustable annular suction drainage-assisting mechanism 10; the 2# suction line 16 is adopted from the port of the 6-Z2# gate valve of the low-pressure gate valve group
The hose is connected to # 2 adjustable annular suction drainage aid 11.
The rotary control head 1 can be installed at the top of a wellhead blowout preventer stack 2 by adopting M42 bolt flange connection, a wellhead hydraulic flat valve 9, a 1# adjustable annular pumping drainage-assisting mechanism 10 and a well site internal sand discharge pipeline 17 are sequentially connected from an outlet at the side of the rotary control head 1, and the well site internal sand discharge pipeline 17 is in drift diameter
The pressure level is 7MPa, and the flange connection is realized; after the sand is directly discharged to a well site, the tee joint turns to the ground, the sand is sequentially connected with a 2# adjustable annular suction auxiliary discharge mechanism 11, a sampling short circuit, a dust fall short circuit and then to a sand setting pool, and a 18-path drift diameter of a sand discharge pipeline outside the well site
4MPa in pressure level and connected by a clamp.
The automatic electronic ignition device 11 is arranged at the outlet of the well site external sand discharge pipeline 18, and the ignition, combustion and discharge of the sucked natural gas are realized by remotely controlling an ignition switch.
Fig. 1a shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an adjustable annular pumping and exhausting-assisting mechanism in an exemplary embodiment of an adjustable annular pumping and exhausting-assisting wellhead combustible gas-based safe operating system of the present invention; FIG. 1b shows a partial enlarged schematic view of I in FIG. 1 a. Fig. 2 shows an appearance schematic diagram of an adjustable annular pumping and exhausting-assisting mechanism in an exemplary embodiment of the adjustable annular pumping and exhausting-assisting wellhead combustible gas-based safe operating system of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1a, 1b and 2, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the adjustable annular suction row assist mechanism (e.g., the # 1 adjustable annular suction row assist mechanism 10 or the # 2 adjustable annular suction row assist mechanism 11 in fig. 4) may include the following components: a base flange A ' 1, a gas injection joint A ' 2, an upper core tube A ' 3, an upper core tube flange A ' 4, an upper core tube snap ring A ' 5, a central core tube (male) A ' 6, a gas injection shell A ' 7, a hexagon socket head cap screw A ' 8, and an upper core tube snap ring set bolt A ' 9 (shown in figure 2).
The upper core tube flange A '4 is connected with the upper core tube A' 3 through threads or in a welding mode, and the upper core tube flange A '4 and the upper core tube A' 3 can be integrally machined. The upper core pipe flange A' 4 is used for connecting with a downstream hard pipeline, and can be a flange connection or a clamping connection. The left side of the basic flange A '1 is connected with a wellhead or an upstream hard pipeline, and the basic flange A' 1 can be connected with a flange or a clamp. The right side of the base flange A ' 1 is fastened with the gas injection housing A ' 7 by a set of hexagon socket head cap screws A ' 8. The air injection shell A '7 is provided with a group of holes (the number is not limited) in the radial direction and is connected with the air injection joint A' 2 in a threaded connection mode. The external cylindrical surface (large diameter) of the central core tube (male) A' 6 is provided with screw threads. The central core tube (male) A '6 is connected with the gas injection shell A' 7 through threads. When the core tube (male) a ' 6 is rotated, a portion of the left side of the core tube (male) a ' 6 moves left and right in the gas injection housing a ' 7 under the constraint and fit of the screw threads. The left side of the central tube (male) A '6 is hung in the gas injection shell A' 7. The upper core tube snap ring A '5 has a group (2), and the fastening bolts A' 9 are mutually tightened through the upper core tube snap ring. The central core tube (male) A ' 6 and the upper core tube A ' 3 limit the axial displacement between each other through an upper core tube snap ring A ' 5. The annular gap between the inner conical surface on the left side of the central core tube (male) A '6 and the outer conical surface on the right side of the base flange A' 1 is the injection channel of the mechanism.
When the left end and the right end of the adjustable annular suction and exhaust assisting mechanism are fixed (for example, the left side of the base flange A ' 1 is connected with an upstream hard pipeline, and the upper core pipe flange A ' 4 is connected with a downstream hard pipeline, or the left side of the base flange A ' 1 is connected with a well head, and the upper core pipe flange A ' 4 is connected with the upstream hard pipeline), only the central core pipe (male) A ' 6 is a movable part in all parts of the adjustable annular suction and exhaust assisting mechanism. The central core pipe (male) A '6 is rotated, the central core pipe (male) A' 6 can move left and right under the action of the threads, and the moving distance can be designed according to requirements. When the central core pipe (male) A ' 6 moves to the end to the left, the inner conical surface on the left side of the central core pipe (male) A ' 6 is contacted with the outer conical surface on the right side of the base flange A ' 1, so that the injection channel is closed; when the center tube (male) a' 6 moves rightward, the injection passage is gradually opened. Even in the working state, the spraying channel can be adjusted at any time by rotating the central core pipe (male) A' 6 without disassembling and replacing other parts and without stopping and waiting. Fig. 1a and 1b show the open state of the injection channel of the adjustable annular suction and discharge aid. Fig. 3a and 3b show the closed state of the injection channel of the adjustable annular suction drainage aid.
The number of the gas injection connectors A '2 on the gas injection housing A' 7 can be selected according to the required gas amount. When the gas amount is large, the number of the gas injection joints A' 2 is properly increased; when the air quantity is small, the redundant air injection joint A' 2 can be blocked. An inert gas (e.g., nitrogen gas) is injected into the inside of the gas injection housing a '7 through the gas injection joint a' 2 and injected into the main channel at a high speed through an annular gap (injection channel) between an inner conical surface on the left side of the core tube (male) a '6 and an outer conical surface on the right side of the base flange a' 1. The injection and entrainment of the high-speed airflow generates negative pressure near the base flange A' 1, so that the upstream fluid is sucked, and the flow resistance of the upstream fluid is reduced. When the adjustable annular pumping drainage-assisting mechanism is arranged near a wellhead, the adjustable annular pumping drainage-assisting mechanism can be used for pumping fluid (combustible gas, drilling circulating fluid and the like) near the wellhead to avoid overflowing from the wellhead; when the adjustable annular suction and discharge assisting mechanism is arranged at the downstream of the elbow bend, the adjustable annular suction and discharge assisting mechanism can be used for reducing the local loss of fluid flowing through the elbow bend and ensuring that the fluid flows more smoothly.
The use case of the present exemplary embodiment is explained below with reference to fig. 4.
Under the condition of a small amount of natural gas produced from stratum (less than or equal to 10000 m)3And d), during nitrogen drilling operation, closing Z1#, Z2#, C1#, C2# flat valves, opening Z3#, Z4#, and Z5# flat valves, enabling nitrogen jointly produced by the first nitrogen production unit 3 and the second nitrogen production unit 4 to enter the booster set 5 from the port of the Z3# flat valve through the low-pressure gate valve group 6, and enabling the nitrogen to enter a vertical pipe through the high-pressure gas injection pipeline 14 after being boosted, so that the nitrogen amount required by the nitrogen drilling operation is met.
Under the condition of a small amount of natural gas produced from stratum (less than or equal to 10000 m)3And d), when tripping operation is carried out during nitrogen drilling, and the rotary control head 1 assembly is not taken out, the well mouth is sealed, a small amount of natural gas produced by the stratum gradually invades into the shaft, and the natural gas overflowing from the shaft enters a sand discharge pipeline to be combusted and exhausted; and taking out the rotary control head 1 assembly, opening a wellhead, implementing a nitrogen pumping method, ensuring that the natural gas in the shaft is pumped and guided to a sand discharge pipeline for combustion and emptying, opening Z1#, Z2#, C1#, and C2# flat valves, closing Z3#, Z4#, and Z5# flat valves, opening the first nitrogen making unit 3 and the second nitrogen making unit 4 to respectively inject nitrogen for pumping into the 1# adjustable annular pumping auxiliary exhaust mechanism 10 and the 2# adjustable annular pumping auxiliary exhaust mechanism 11, and according to actual conditions, regulating and controlling the amount of injected nitrogen at different adjustable annular pumping auxiliary exhaust mechanisms to ensure that no natural gas overflows from the wellhead. For example, the nitrogen amount of the 1# adjustable annular pumping and exhausting assisting mechanism 10 can be 45-75 m3Min; the nitrogen amount of the 2# adjustable annular pumping and exhausting assisting mechanism 11 can be 15-45 m3/min。
Under the condition of a small amount of natural gas produced from stratum (less than or equal to 10000 m)3And d), when the rubber core is replaced during nitrogen drilling, stopping injecting nitrogen into the vertical pipe, evacuating the nitrogen through the pressure relief pry body 7, adjusting the nitrogen discharge to meet the suction requirement, establishing a suction channel,the Z1#, Z2#, C1#, C2# wafer valves are opened first, and then the Z3#, Z4#, Z5# wafer valves are closed, so that natural gas in a shaft is pumped to a sand discharge pipeline for combustion and evacuation, the fact that no natural gas overflows from a well head in the whole process of rubber core replacement operation is guaranteed, and construction safety is guaranteed.
To sum up, the utility model discloses a safe operation device of inert gas suction well head combustible gas includes one or more in following characteristics:
(1) the adjustable annular pumping drainage-assisting mechanism is additionally arranged on the sand discharge pipeline, and when nitrogen flows at a high speed towards the outlet direction of the sand discharge pipeline by injecting the nitrogen into the sand discharge pipeline, a certain pumping force is generated at the position of a well mouth to suck and guide natural gas produced by a stratum into the sand discharge pipeline, so that the natural gas is prevented from overflowing the well mouth, and the safety of open-hole operations such as tripping, rubber core replacement and the like is improved;
(2) the two adjustable annular pumping and drainage-assisting mechanisms are arranged to ensure the pumping effect, the 1# adjustable annular pumping and drainage-assisting mechanism is arranged at the position of an outlet near the rotary control head, the 2# adjustable annular pumping and drainage-assisting mechanism is arranged at the Z-shaped landing tee joint position of the sand discharge pipeline in the pit, and the double adjustable annular pumping and drainage-assisting mechanisms are arranged to greatly improve the pumping force, ensure that the natural gas in the pit shaft is pumped and guided into the sand discharge pipeline and are beneficial to sand discharge;
(3) the split type gas injection manifold structure design is adopted, a low-pressure gate valve group is introduced, the channel of the low-pressure gate valve group is switched to meet the requirements of nitrogen injection modes under different working conditions, and the nitrogen injection amount is regulated and controlled at different adjustable annular pumping and exhausting assisting mechanism positions; decompose into two nitrogen making units with nitrogen making equipment (for example, one of them nitrogen making unit contains 4 air compressors and 1 membrane nitrogen making, remaining air compressor and membrane nitrogen making are as another nitrogen making unit), the nitrogen gas of two nitrogen making unit outputs connects in parallel to low pressure gate valves group, one of them port of low pressure gate valves group connects the low pressure hose and advances the booster compressor, the remaining two ports of low pressure gate valves group connect two low pressure hoses respectively to 1#, annular suction helps row mechanism with adjustable 2#, thereby can be according to different operating modes, switch low pressure gate valves group passageway and realize following function: the nitrogen quantity required by nitrogen drilling is provided during drilling, the nitrogen quantity required for pumping is provided during pumping, and the nitrogen quantity injected by different adjustable annular pumping and exhausting-assisting mechanisms can be regulated and controlled;
(4) an automatic ignition device is arranged at the outlet of the sand discharge pipeline, and during the nitrogen suction operation, the natural gas sucked to the outlet of the sand discharge pipeline is ignited and combusted through the automatic ignition device, so that safe and clean discharge is realized;
(5) by comprehensively applying different quantities and different positions to the adjustable annular pumping and exhausting-assisting mechanism, the well head fluid (including the combustible gas and multiphase fluid which returns to the ground surface in the drilling process) can be effectively pumped, the well head fluid (such as combustible gas: natural gas; such as multiphase fluid: gas-solid, gas-liquid-solid and the like) is pumped into the sand discharge manifold, and the local loss is greatly reduced in the flow conveying process of the sand discharge manifold.
Although the present invention has been described above in connection with exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A safe operation system based on adjustable annular pumping drainage-assisting wellhead combustible gas comprises a sand discharge pipeline and is characterized by further comprising a first adjustable annular pumping drainage-assisting mechanism, an ignition device, a gas injection unit and a first gas injection manifold, wherein,
the pumping discharge-assisting mechanism comprises a base flange, a gas injection shell, a central core male pipe and an upper core pipe which are coaxially arranged, wherein the base flange is provided with a left side part which can be connected with a well head, a right side part which is provided with an external conical surface, and an external protrusion part which protrudes outwards in the radial direction; the gas injection shell comprises a left side part with a first inner diameter, a right side part with a second inner diameter and one or more than two gas injection joints, wherein the first inner diameter is larger than the second inner diameter, the left side part of the gas injection shell is fixedly connected with the outer protruding part of the base flange through an anti-rotation component, the inner circumference of the right side part of the gas injection shell is provided with a first thread, and the gas injection joints are communicated with a space corresponding to the first inner diameter; the central male pipe comprises a right side part inserted into the left side of the upper core pipe and closely contacted with the inner circumferential wall of the upper core pipe through a first sealing member, a left side part with a second thread, and an inner conical surface formed on the inner circumference of the left side part of the central male pipe, wherein the second thread is arranged on the outer wall of the central male pipe and can be matched with the first thread to realize the left or right movement of the central male pipe relative to the gas injection shell corresponding to the axial rotation of the central male pipe, and the inner conical surface can be matched with the outer conical surface of the right side part of the base flange to form an adjustable injection channel communicated with the gas injection connector, so that the closing or opening of the injection channel is realized corresponding to the left or right movement of the central male pipe; the upper core pipe is provided with a right side part which can be connected with a sand discharge pipeline;
the gas injection unit generates inert gas;
the first gas injection manifold connects the gas injection unit with a gas injection joint of the first adjustable annular suction and exhaust assisting mechanism to form a negative pressure suction effect in the first adjustable annular suction and exhaust assisting mechanism;
the ignition device is arranged at the outlet end of the sand discharge pipeline and can ignite the combustible gas discharged from the sand discharge pipeline.
2. The adjustable annular pumping and venting wellhead combustible gas based safety operating system according to claim 1, further comprising a second adjustable annular pumping and venting mechanism and a second gas injection manifold, the second adjustable annular pumping and venting mechanism being disposed at a turn of a sand discharge line; the second gas injection manifold provides the inert gas generated by the gas injection unit to the second adjustable annular suction and exhaust assisting mechanism so as to form negative pressure suction in the second adjustable annular suction and exhaust assisting mechanism.
3. The adjustable annular pumping and discharge-assisting wellhead combustible gas-based safe operation system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the safe operation system further comprises a third gas injection manifold and a booster, wherein the gas inlet end of the booster is connected with the gas injection unit through a valve, the third gas injection manifold communicates the gas outlet end of the booster with a wellhead, and the third gas injection manifold can withstand a predetermined high pressure.
4. The adjustable annular pumping assisted extraction wellhead combustible gas based safety operating system of claim 3, further comprising a low pressure gate valve set disposed between the gas injection unit and the first, second and third gas injection manifolds.
5. The adjustable annular pumping assisted wellhead combustible gas based safety operation system according to claim 3, further comprising a flow meter, a riser flat valve or a pressure relief pry disposed on the third gas injection manifold.
6. The adjustable annular pumping assisted wellhead combustible gas safety operating system according to claim 1, wherein the pumping assisted extraction mechanism further comprises an upper core tube clamping piece which can clamp a right side part of the central core male tube and the upper core tube and limit axial displacement between the upper core tube and the central core male tube.
7. The adjustable annular pumping and exhausting-assisted wellhead combustible gas safety operation system according to claim 1, wherein the central core male pipe further comprises a rotation fit part which can enable the central core male pipe to rotate around the shaft under the action of external force.
8. The adjustable annular pumping assisted wellhead combustible gas based safety operating system according to claim 7, characterized in that the swivel fitting is arranged on the outer wall of the central core male pipe between the left side of the upper core pipe and the right side of the gas injection housing.
9. The adjustable annular pumping assisted extraction wellhead combustible gas-based safety operation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas injection unit comprises one or more than two groups of nitrogen-making units.
10. The adjustable annular pumping and assisted discharging wellhead combustible gas-based safe operating system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first adjustable annular pumping and assisted discharging mechanism is connected with a rotary control head of a wellhead through a hydraulic flat valve of the wellhead.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110410040A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-11-05 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | A kind of safety work system based on the adjustable annular suction row's of helping well head combustible gas |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110410040A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-11-05 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | A kind of safety work system based on the adjustable annular suction row's of helping well head combustible gas |
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