CN210657165U - Lining heat-insulating structure of acid-process alumina electrolytic cell and acid-process alumina electrolytic cell - Google Patents
Lining heat-insulating structure of acid-process alumina electrolytic cell and acid-process alumina electrolytic cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN210657165U CN210657165U CN201921418471.9U CN201921418471U CN210657165U CN 210657165 U CN210657165 U CN 210657165U CN 201921418471 U CN201921418471 U CN 201921418471U CN 210657165 U CN210657165 U CN 210657165U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a lining heat preservation structure of an acid process alumina electrolytic bath and the acid process alumina electrolytic bath, which are used for electrolytic production of acid process alumina, and can avoid the cathode carbon block from generating large deformation in the vertical direction in the roasting starting process; and the lining heat-insulating structure is convenient to fish out the sediment at the bottom of the tank. The lining heat-insulation structure comprises a bottom lining and a side lining, and the bottom lining and the side lining are combined and enclose a containing cavity of the electrolytic cell; the bottom lining comprises a bottom heat-insulation composite layer, a cathode steel bar and a cathode carbon block, the cathode steel bar is stacked on the bottom heat-insulation composite layer, the cathode carbon block is arranged above the cathode steel bar, and the side lining is arranged on the periphery of the top surface of the cathode steel bar; the cathode carbon blocks are arched cathode carbon blocks which are arched upwards integrally, and no gap is formed between the arched cathode carbon blocks and the side linings.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis cell, in particular to an inner lining heat preservation structure of an electrolysis cell suitable for acid process alumina.
Background
In recent years, with the proposal and application of a new process for extracting alumina by using fly ash through a one-step acid dissolution method, the shortage of bauxite resources can be effectively relieved, and high-value utilization of coal resources can be realized. In the modern aluminum electrolysis industry, the physical property requirements for alumina are: good fluidity, high dissolution speed in electrolyte, less tank bottom settlement and good flue gas adsorption. Because of the characteristics of small average particle size, small apparent density and the like of the acid-process alumina, the acid-process alumina is easy to float on the surface of electrolyte after being fed in the existing alkaline-process alumina electrolysis process system to form lumps, and the precipitation probability at the bottom of a tank is increased.
At present, the aluminum electrolysis process technology using acid method alumina as raw material is still in the development stage. Aiming at the problem that the acid method alumina is not suitable for the current electrolysis process technical system based on the alkaline method alumina, reasonable structure optimization is necessary to be provided on the basis of the current alkaline method alumina electrolysis production technology.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, the utility model provides an acid process oxidation aluminum cell's inside lining insulation construction and acid process oxidation aluminum cell, utilize this inside lining insulation construction to carry out the electrolysis production of acid process aluminium oxide, do benefit to and avoid the negative pole carbon block to produce big deformation in the vertical direction; and the lining heat-insulating structure is convenient to fish out the sediment at the bottom of the tank.
The utility model discloses a reach its purpose, provide following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a lining heat-insulating structure of an acid oxidation aluminum electrolytic cell, which comprises a bottom lining and a side lining, wherein the bottom lining and the side lining are combined and enclosed into a containing cavity of the electrolytic cell; the bottom lining comprises a bottom heat-insulation composite layer, a cathode steel bar and a cathode carbon block, the cathode steel bar is stacked on the bottom heat-insulation composite layer, the cathode carbon block is arranged above the cathode steel bar, and the side lining is arranged on the periphery of the top surface of the cathode steel bar; the cathode carbon blocks are arched cathode carbon blocks which are arched upwards integrally, and no gap is formed between the arched cathode carbon blocks and the side linings.
In some embodiments, the cathode carbon blocks are arched cathode carbon blocks with a high middle part and low two sides, so that the deformation in the vertical direction is avoided in the roasting starting process during application, the bottom sediment of the tank can move towards the side parts more uniformly and efficiently, and the fishing is facilitated.
In some embodiments, the arched cathode carbon blocks have an average curvature K between 0.009 and 0.019. The preferred average curvature is adopted, the electrolysis effect is better, and the horizontal current distribution and the cathode voltage drop are not influenced.
In some embodiments, an edge tying paste is filled between the inner side of the side lining and the side wall of the cathode carbon block, and no gap is formed between the cathode carbon block and the side lining.
In some embodiments, the edge tying paste covers the outer edge of the top surface of the cathode carbon block, so that the side wall of the cathode carbon block is embedded into the edge tying paste, the cathode carbon block can be protected, and the cathode carbon block is prevented from being deformed due to stress caused by extrusion due to thermal expansion; secondly, due to the structural design, gaps (such as grooves, gaps and the like) can be avoided, so that the situation that melt enters the contact gaps caused by the binding deformation of the cathode carbon blocks and the edges can be avoided; and thirdly, the melt is conveniently and thoroughly fished out and naturally moves to the bottom of the groove at the edge part to precipitate under the stirring of the melt.
In some embodiments, the depth of the side wall of the cathode carbon block embedded into the edge tying paste is greater than 0cm and less than or equal to 10cm, and the edge tying paste and the vertical projection of the anode in the electrolytic cell at the bottom of the accommodating cavity are not overlapped. By adopting the optimal embedding depth, the situation that the ledge extends too long due to too long edge binding paste can be avoided; thereby avoiding the obstruction to the flow of the melt, avoiding the increase of horizontal current and the reduction of vertical current density, and ensuring higher current efficiency.
In some embodiments, the edge binding paste is provided with a downward inclined surface from the top to the surface of the cathode carbon block.
In some embodiments, the bottom heat-insulating composite layer comprises, from bottom to top, a calcium silicate heat-insulating plate, a heat-insulating brick and a dry-type impermeable material layer which are sequentially stacked;
a conductive steel bar paste layer is arranged between the cathode steel bar and the cathode carbon block in a stacked manner;
and the space surrounded by the edge part binding paste bottom, the top of the cathode steel bar, the side wall of the cathode carbon block, the side wall of the conductive steel bar paste layer and the inner side of the side lining is filled with impermeable materials.
In some embodiments, the side lining comprises an insulating brick arranged at the top of the cathode steel bar and outside the impermeable material, a refractory brick arranged at the top of the insulating brick, a side carbon block arranged at the top of the refractory brick and a silicon carbide block arranged at the inner side of the side carbon block.
The utility model also provides an acid method oxidation aluminium cell, it is equipped with above inside lining insulation construction.
The utility model provides a technical scheme has following beneficial effect:
the utility model discloses a inside lining insulation construction is applicable to the high-efficient electrolysis production of acid process aluminium oxide. The lining heat preservation structure of the utility model adopts the arched cathode carbon block, on one hand, the cathode carbon block can not generate large deformation in the vertical direction in the roasting starting process, and a gap is caused; on the other hand, in the production process of the electrolytic cell, the bottom sediment can naturally move to the edge part under the stirring of the melt, so that the current density in the middle is increased, the electrolytic efficiency is improved, and the sediment is conveniently and manually fished out. The utility model discloses an inside lining insulation construction has stable in structure, can effectively keep warm, prevents the small opening, provides the guarantee at the test debugging in-process for acid process aluminium oxide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an acid-oxidation aluminum electrolysis cell for electrolytic production in one embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the lining insulation structure of an acid process alumina electrolysis cell in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the contents of the present invention are further described below with reference to the following embodiments, but the contents of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.
As used herein, the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "sidewall," "inner," "outer," "top," "bottom," "left," "right," and the like are used in the orientation illustrated in the drawings. Where not otherwise stated, is understood or appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art based on their knowledge and conventional wisdom.
The utility model provides a lining insulation construction of acid process oxidation aluminium cell, see figure 2, including bottom inside lining 15 and lateral part inside lining 14, bottom inside lining 15 and lateral part inside lining 14 combination enclose into the chamber 16 that holds of electrolysis trough. The bottom lining 15 comprises a bottom heat-insulating composite layer 20, a cathode steel bar 9 and a cathode carbon block 6. The side lining 14 is integrally arranged around the top surface of the cathode steel bar 9, in particular around the top surface of the cathode steel bar 9 close to the edge thereof. The cathode steel bar 9 is arranged on the bottom heat-preservation composite layer 20 in a laminated manner, and the cathode carbon block 6 is arranged above the cathode steel bar 9; specifically, a conductive steel bar paste layer 8 is further stacked between the cathode carbon block 6 and the cathode steel bar 9, that is, the cathode steel bar 9, the conductive steel bar paste layer 8 and the cathode carbon block 6 are sequentially stacked from bottom to top. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a right-side structure of the lining insulation structure, the left side is omitted, and the left-side structure and the right-side structure are symmetrical with respect to a vertical dotted line 19 (i.e., a symmetry axis) in fig. 2.
The cathode carbon block 6 is an arched cathode carbon block which is arched upwards as a whole, and no gap exists between the arched cathode carbon block 6 and the side lining 14. The arched cathode carbon block 6 is arched upwards with the top surface and the bottom surface integrated. Referring to fig. 2, edge tying paste 4 may be filled between the inner side of the side lining 14 and the side wall of the cathode carbon block 6, so that there is no gap (e.g., no gap, no groove, etc.) between the cathode carbon block 6 and the side lining 14. The arched cathode carbon block 6 which is integrally arched upwards is adopted, so that the cathode carbon block can be prevented from generating large deformation in the vertical direction in the roasting starting process in the acid method aluminum oxide electrolysis production, and the generation of gaps is avoided; the arched structure can ensure that the bottom sediment generated in the electrolysis process naturally moves to the edge of the cathode carbon block under the stirring of the melt, thereby increasing the current density in the middle and improving the electrolysis efficiency; and the sediment moving to the bottom of the cathode carbon block edge is more convenient to salvage, is easy to salvage and improves the efficiency. Meanwhile, no gap is left between the arched cathode carbon block 6 and the side lining 14, so that incomplete salvage caused by residue of sediment at the bottom of the groove in the gap can be avoided. In some preferred embodiments, better results can be obtained by specifically arranging the cathode carbon blocks as arched cathode carbon blocks with a high middle and low two sides.
In some preferred embodiments, arched cathode carbon blocks 6 having an average curvature K between 0.009 and 0.019 are used. The arched bulges on the surface of the cathode carbon block 6 are beneficial to reducing the influence on thermal expansion caused by high temperature, and have the function of reducing waves, so that the wave crest height of the cathode aluminum liquid level of the electrolytic cell is reduced, and the current efficiency is improved; and the arched cathode carbon blocks with the optimal average curvature are adopted, so that the influence on horizontal current distribution possibly caused by overhigh curvature can be avoided, and the reduction of cathode voltage drop and energy consumption is facilitated.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, the edge bead 4 covers the outer edge of the top surface of the cathode carbon block 6 such that the cathode carbon block 6 side walls are embedded within the edge bead 4. Therefore, the cathode carbon block 6 can be protected, and the cathode carbon block 6 can be prevented from generating stress deformation due to extrusion caused by thermal expansion; moreover, as the side wall of the cathode carbon block 6 is embedded into the edge binding paste 4, no gap exists, the situation that melt enters into a contact gap can be avoided; furthermore, the bottom sediment, which naturally moves to the edge (i.e. the bottom edge of the receiving cavity 16), can be fished more thoroughly because there is no clearance. In some preferred embodiments, the depth of the cathode carbon blocks 6 embedded into the edge tying paste 4 is more than 0cm and less than or equal to 10cm, and the vertical projection of the edge tying paste 4 and the anode 1 in the electrolytic cell at the bottom of the accommodating cavity 16 is not overlapped; by adopting the structure and the embedding depth, the situation that the ledge extending leg 21 (or called as furnace ledge) growing on the surface of the edge binding paste in the aluminum oxide electrolysis process is too long due to the fact that the edge binding paste 4 is too long can be avoided, the situation that the melt flow is blocked due to the fact that the ledge extending leg is too long, and horizontal current increase and vertical current density reduction are caused by the situation can be avoided, and therefore the preferable structure and the embedding depth are adopted, and high current efficiency is guaranteed.
Referring to fig. 2, in some preferred embodiments, the edge banding 4 is provided with a downward sloping slope from the top of the edge banding to the surface of the cathode carbon block 6, i.e., such that a slope is formed between the surface of the cathode carbon block near the edge to the top of the edge banding. In some embodiments, the edge banding 4 is a shaped edge banding having an irregular shape as a whole, such as a step shape. The edge binding paste 4 may specifically be made of a material having a small residual volume shrinkage after high-temperature firing, for example, the residual volume shrinkage after firing is not more than 1.5%, and the deformation is not large during the firing starting process; such materials are commonly used materials well known in the art, for example, the binder paste is formed by tamping carbon paste, such as the conventional material "Xiang Q/LC 556".
Referring to fig. 2, in some preferred embodiments, the lining thermal insulation structure of the present invention includes, from bottom to top, a bottom thermal insulation composite layer 20, which includes a calcium silicate insulation board 12, an insulation brick 11, and a dry impermeable material layer 10 stacked in sequence. The dry-type impermeable material layer can be prepared from the conventional dry-type impermeable material for aluminum electrolysis cells in the field, and can be prepared from corresponding materials sold in the market. The insulating brick 11 may be provided with two layers, for example a layer of diatomite insulating brick 18 and a layer of light refractory brick 17. The space surrounded by the bottom of the edge tying paste 4, the top of the cathode steel bar 9, the side wall 6 of the cathode carbon block, the side wall of the conductive steel bar paste layer 8 and the inner side of the side lining 14 is filled with an impermeable material 7, which can be a conventional material well known in the art, such as a high-strength impermeable material sold in the market.
Referring to fig. 2, in some preferred embodiments, the side lining 14 specifically includes an insulating brick 13 disposed on the top of the cathode steel bar 9 and outside the impermeable material 7 (i.e., the filling block formed by the impermeable material), a refractory brick 5 disposed on the top of the insulating brick 13, a side carbon block 2 disposed on the top of the refractory brick 5, and a silicon carbide block 3 disposed on the inside of the side carbon block 2. Specifically, the top of the edge binding paste 4 extends above the refractory bricks 5 and below the silicon carbide block 3. The firebricks 5 used may be, in particular, light firebricks. As the light-weight refractory bricks, those known in the art, such as light-weight high alumina bricks, light-weight mullite bricks, clay-based insulating refractory bricks, etc., can be used, and those skilled in the art are familiar with the light-weight refractory bricks, which means that the density is less than 1.3x103kg/m3The refractory brick of (1). The insulating brick 13 may be a clay insulating brick, a mullite brick, or the like. The conductive steel bar paste layer 8 according to the present invention may be formed by using a conventional high-conductivity steel bar paste commonly used in the art, which is a conventional material in the art, and for example, a conductive steel bar paste having a resistivity of 45 μ Ω · m or less, which is well known to those skilled in the art, may be used as the high-conductivity steel bar paste.
The lining heat preservation structure of the utility model is stable, the cathode carbon block with the arched structure ensures that the cathode carbon block can not generate large deformation in the vertical direction in the roasting starting process, so that a gap is caused, and the cathode carbon block has stable structure; the embedded design of the joint of the cathode carbon block and the side lining ensures that the deformation and the crack caused by thermal stress can be prevented during high-temperature roasting, and the heat insulation structure of the bottom and the side is stable. Can effectively preserve heat, prevent leakage groove and provide guarantee for the acid process alumina in the test debugging process.
The utility model provides an inside lining insulation construction specially adapted acid method oxidation aluminium cell of usefulness, based on this, the utility model discloses still provide an acid method oxidation aluminium cell, this electrolysis trough compares with the present oxidation aluminium cell in this field, and the improvement of structure only lies in inside lining insulation construction wherein, adopts the description above promptly the utility model provides an inside lining insulation construction, acid method oxidation aluminium cell's schematic diagram specifically can refer to figure 1. The rest of the structure of the electrolytic cell is the conventional structure in the field and is not described in detail.
In a specific application example, a 240kA electrolytic cell is subjected to engineering tests, the structural schematic diagram of the electrolytic cell is shown in figure 1, a lining heat-insulating structure shown in figure 2 is adopted, and the average curvature of a cathode carbon block 6 is 0.016. The bottom heat-preservation composite layer comprises the following components in sequence from bottom to top: the first layer is a calcium silicate insulation board 12 with the thickness of 60mm, the insulation brick 11 is a diatomite insulation brick 18 with the thickness of 65mm on the second layer, a light refractory brick 17 with the thickness of 65mm on the third layer, and the dry impermeable material 10 with the thickness of 183mm on the fourth layer. The side lining 14 comprises side carbon blocks 2 (the width is 90mm) and silicon carbide blocks 3 (the width is 30mm) from outside to inside in sequence; the bottom is provided with a heat preservation brick 13, and the middle is provided with a refractory brick 5 with the width of 150 mm. The part filled between the cathode carbon block 6 and the side lining 14 is special-shaped (namely irregular-shaped) edge tying paste 4, and the widest part is 275 mm; the bottom of the special-shaped edge binding paste 4 is filled with special-shaped (i.e. irregular-shaped) anti-seepage material 7, and the widest part is 330 mm.
In the process of electrolysis of aluminum by acid process alumina, part of the acid process alumina floats on the surface of electrolyte after being fed, after a period of time, the acid process alumina lumps on the surface sink, part of the acid process alumina lumps are dissolved, and part of the acid process alumina lumps still sink on the bottom of a tank. After the electrolytic cell is operated for a period of time, most of the tank bottom sediment all falls to the side part, and is easy to intensively fish out, and due to no gap, the sediment accumulated on the side part can be conveniently and thoroughly fished out manually, so that the interference on the operation of the electrolytic cell is small, the heat balance and the cell structure are not influenced, and the electrolytic cell is normally operated.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain modifications or adaptations to the invention may be made in light of the teaching of this specification. Such modifications or adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the present invention as defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The lining heat-insulating structure of the acid oxidation aluminum electrolysis cell comprises a bottom lining and a side lining, wherein the bottom lining and the side lining are combined and enclose a containing cavity of the electrolysis cell; the cathode steel bar heat insulation device is characterized in that the bottom lining comprises a bottom heat insulation composite layer, a cathode steel bar and a cathode carbon block, the cathode steel bar is arranged on the bottom heat insulation composite layer in a stacking mode, the cathode carbon block is arranged above the cathode steel bar, and the side lining is arranged on the periphery of the top surface of the cathode steel bar; the cathode carbon blocks are arched cathode carbon blocks which are arched upwards integrally, and no gap is formed between the arched cathode carbon blocks and the side linings.
2. The lining insulation structure of claim 1, wherein the cathode carbon blocks are arched cathode carbon blocks with a high middle and low sides.
3. The lining insulation structure of claim 2, wherein the average curvature K of the arched cathode carbon blocks is between 0.009-0.019.
4. The lining insulation structure of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an edge binding paste is filled between the inner side of the side lining and the side wall of the cathode carbon block, and no gap is left between the cathode carbon block and the side lining.
5. The lining insulation structure of claim 4, wherein the edge tie paste covers the outer edge of the top surface of the cathode carbon block such that the side walls of the cathode carbon block are embedded within the edge tie paste.
6. The lining heat-insulating structure of claim 5, wherein the depth of the cathode carbon blocks embedded into the edge tying paste is greater than 0cm and less than or equal to 10cm, and the vertical projections of the edge tying paste and the anode in the electrolytic cell at the bottom of the accommodating cavity are not overlapped.
7. The lining insulation structure of claim 5, wherein the edge portion tying paste is provided with a downward inclined surface from the top portion to the surface of the cathode carbon block.
8. The lining insulation structure of claim 4,
the bottom heat-insulating composite layer comprises a calcium silicate heat-insulating plate, a heat-insulating brick and a dry-type anti-seepage material layer which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top;
a conductive steel bar paste layer is arranged between the cathode steel bar and the cathode carbon block in a stacked manner;
and the space surrounded by the edge part binding paste bottom, the top of the cathode steel bar, the side wall of the cathode carbon block, the side wall of the conductive steel bar paste layer and the inner side of the side lining is filled with impermeable materials.
9. The lining insulation structure of claim 8, wherein the side lining comprises insulation bricks arranged at the top of the cathode steel bar and outside the impermeable material, refractory bricks arranged at the top of the insulation bricks, side carbon blocks arranged at the top of the refractory bricks, and silicon carbide blocks arranged at the inner sides of the side carbon blocks.
10. An acid oxidation aluminum electrolysis cell, characterized in that, a lining heat preservation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is provided.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921418471.9U CN210657165U (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2019-08-28 | Lining heat-insulating structure of acid-process alumina electrolytic cell and acid-process alumina electrolytic cell |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921418471.9U CN210657165U (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2019-08-28 | Lining heat-insulating structure of acid-process alumina electrolytic cell and acid-process alumina electrolytic cell |
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