CN210617780U

CN210617780U - Equipment cabin dust removal ventilation unit for transport means

Info

Publication number: CN210617780U
Application number: CN201920917819.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨强
Original assignee: CRRC Tianjin Track Traffic Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin Zhongxin Rail Transit Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-06-19
Filing date: 2019-06-19
Publication date: 2020-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2029-06-19

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dust removal and ventilation device for an equipment cabin of a transport tool, which comprises a flow deflector frame assembly and a filter screen assembly; the flow guide body frame assembly comprises an inner frame and a mounting plate, wherein a middle lower flow guide plate, an air inlet lower flow guide plate and an air outlet lower flow guide plate are arranged in the inner frame; the middle lower guide plate divides the inner frame into two ventilation areas, wherein one ventilation area is an air inlet area, and the other ventilation area is an air outlet area; the middle upper guide plate, the air inlet upper guide plate and the air outlet upper guide plate are respectively and fixedly arranged above the middle lower guide plate, the air inlet lower guide plate and the air outlet lower guide plate; the filter screen assembly comprises a filter screen frame and a wave-shaped filter screen. The utility model utilizes the powerful reverse airflow generated at the air inlet of the apron board when the high-speed rail motor train unit operates to separate the floating objects from the intake airflow automatically, and the separated floating objects are wrapped by the airflow of the main ventilation duct and then discharged back to the atmosphere; meanwhile, under the action of the flow guide surface of the flow guide plate, the air pressure at the filter screen is increased to form a high-pressure area, so that active air supply to the equipment cabin is realized.

Description

Equipment cabin dust removal ventilation unit for transport means

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the transportation removes dust, especially, relate to an equipment compartment dust removal ventilation unit for transport means.

Background

In the current society, rail transportation means mainly comprise transportation carriers such as diesel locomotives, electric locomotives, motor train units, high-speed rails, carriages of passenger cars and trucks, light rails, subways and the like, and road transportation means mainly comprise automobiles. Their normal operation requires the intake of a large amount of air to meet the requirements of combustion of the internal combustion engine, heat dissipation of electronic and mechanical components, and cooling of air conditioning and other facilities. Along with the suction of a large amount of air, a large amount of floating objects such as sand dust, catkin, plant leaves, paper scraps, plastics and the like exist in the air, and are adsorbed on dustproof devices of various air inlet channels in a large amount to be gradually blocked; with the reduction of air inflow, the internal combustion engine has insufficient air supply, and the heat dissipation effects of electrical equipment, air conditioners and the like are poor, so that the normal operation of the transportation tool is seriously influenced.

The above problems will be described by taking a high-speed rail motor train unit as an example. The equipment cabin of the high-speed motor train unit is internally provided with key equipment such as a traction transformer, a traction converter, a traction motor cooling fan, a high-voltage equipment box, an air conditioning unit, an inverter power supply, a brake control unit and the like. In the process of high-speed running of a train, various devices can generate a large amount of heat, and in order to ensure normal running of the high-speed rail motor train unit, a large amount of air needs to be sucked so as to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the electrical devices.

In the operation practice of over ten years, the ventilation quantity in the equipment compartment is insufficient, the heat dissipation effect is poor, the temperature in the compartment is overhigh, the persistent problem which troubles the operation of high-speed trains always exists, and the problem is increasingly obvious along with the continuous improvement of the operation speed of the trains. According to the research, to the relatively big factor of equipment cabin ventilation, heat dissipation influence, mainly have two aspects: first, the filter is clogged; secondly, the air inlet of the apron board generates negative pressure.

1. The vent of the motor train unit equipment compartment is arranged on the apron board and is lower; when the train runs at a high speed, a large amount of floating objects such as dust, catkin, plastics, plant dead leaves and the like deposited for a long time on a roadbed are rolled up at the bottom of the train, and under the action of strong suction force of the ventilator in the equipment cabin, the large floating objects such as leaves, crop leaves and the like are filtered by the apron board filter screen, and most of sand dust, catkin and the like in inlet air are sucked into the equipment cabin. The apron screens become clogged as leaves, crop leaves, etc. accumulate. The filter cotton with higher density is blocked by the sand dust and catkin entering the train, and the air inlet resistance is increased; along with the reduction of air inflow, the heat dissipation effects of electrical equipment, air conditioners and the like are poor, and the normal operation of the high-speed rail motor train unit is seriously influenced.

The existing dust removal filtration adopts a metal plate type filter screen and filter cotton which belong to the filtration adsorption type dust removal, and the dust removal mode has no two results: firstly, the floating objects pass through the filter screen and the filter cotton, and the floating objects do not play a role in dust removal. Secondly, the floating objects are adsorbed on the filter screen or the filter cotton to block the air inlet channel. It can be seen that this is not a desirable result.

The blockage of the ventilation device brings great workload to the motor train unit, and the high-speed rail motor train unit needs to check and clean a skirtboard filter screen, filter cotton, cooling fins and other dustproof cooling equipment when returning to the station; not only consumes a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources of the railway, but also reduces the operation efficiency of the high-speed rail motor train unit.

The potential safety hazard of people and driving exists simultaneously: 1) because the operations are finished within several hours after zero, the time is short, the workload is large, the operation environment is poor, the operations are overlapped, and the cooperation of multiple departments, the operation personnel have great personal safety hidden trouble. 2) The locking device is frequently disassembled, so that the phenomenon of poor action of the locking device is occasionally caused, and the potential safety hazard of driving is formed. (see fig. 4)

If the filter blockage can be controlled manually, strong negative pressure such as shadow following is generated at the air inlet of the apron board when the high-speed rail runs at high speed; is another persistent symptom affecting the intake of high-speed rail. And the negative pressure value is in direct proportion to the running speed of the high-speed rail or the air intake demand; that is, the faster the high-speed rail is operated, the lower the air pressure in the equipment room.

Fluid mechanics simulation experiments carried out by using Fluent fluid simulation software show that when a train runs at the speed of nearly 300 kilometers per hour, average negative pressure of 357pa is generated at an air inlet of an apron board, so that the load of an air inlet fan is greatly increased, and air inlet difficulty is caused. Due to the dual functions of filter blockage and negative pressure, the ventilation volume in the equipment cabin is seriously insufficient, so that the environmental temperature of the equipment cabin is high and can even reach 60-70 ℃, and the limited air with the high temperature is used for radiating heat of the equipment, and the temperature of the equipment does not exceed 85 ℃, which is very difficult.

In summary, the conventional filter basically passively adsorbs the floating objects to achieve the dustproof effect; but as long as passive adsorption is adopted, the filter is blocked, which is an inherent defect that the traditional filter cannot overcome.

The south-north span of the highway network of China is large, the temperature difference of the train operation area is large, the operation mileage is long, the performance of various devices in the train equipment cabin directly influences the driving safety and the operation performance of the train, and the good or bad ventilation and heat dissipation performance of the equipment cabin directly influences the normal work and the equipment service life of the equipment under the train, so that the dust removal concept and method are created, and the novel dust removal and ventilation device is developed and is a problem to be solved urgently in the development of high-speed rails in China.

Therefore the utility model provides an equipment compartment dust removal ventilation unit for transport means solves the current dust collector difficulty of admitting air, realizes the good radiating problem of electrical equipment in the equipment compartment.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a dust removal and ventilation device for an equipment cabin of a transport tool,

the utility model is realized in such a way that the dust removal and ventilation device for the equipment cabin of the transport tool comprises a flow guide body frame assembly and a filter screen assembly; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the flow guide body frame assembly comprises an inner frame and a mounting plate which is arranged on the periphery of the inner frame and is integrally connected with the inner frame, and the mounting plate is provided with a mounting hole connected with an air inlet of the equipment cabin; a middle lower guide plate is arranged in the middle of the inner frame, and the middle lower guide plate and the inner frame are integrally formed;

the middle lower guide plate divides the inner frame into two ventilation areas, wherein one ventilation area is an air inlet area, and the other ventilation area is an air outlet area;

a plurality of air inlet lower guide plates with the same structure are arranged in the air inlet area at intervals along the length direction of the inner frame; an air outlet lower guide plate which is in mirror symmetry relative to the middle lower guide plate is arranged in the air outlet area along the length direction of the inner frame; end fluid guide bodies which are in mirror symmetry are arranged on the inner side surfaces of the two ends of the inner frame;

the lower surface of the middle lower guide plate is of a curved surface structure and is respectively a middle air inlet guide surface and a middle air outlet guide surface which have the same structure and are in mirror symmetry, and a main air duct guide surface positioned between the middle air inlet guide surface and the middle air outlet guide surface;

the air inlet lower guide plate and the inner frame are integrally formed, and the guide surface on the lower surface of the air inlet lower guide plate is a supercharging guide surface in an outer arc structure; the upper edge of the air inlet lower guide plate is provided with an upper positioning spigot, and the upper positioning spigot is in smooth transition to the upper edge of the flow guide surface of the lower surface of the air inlet lower guide plate through a flow disturbing surface;

the air outlet lower guide plate and the inner frame are integrally formed, and the air outlet lower guide plate and the air inlet lower guide plate have the same guide surface structure;

the middle upper guide plate, the air inlet upper guide plate and the air outlet upper guide plate are respectively and fixedly arranged above the middle lower guide plate, the air inlet lower guide plate and the air outlet lower guide plate;

the upper surface of the middle upper guide plate is a flow disturbing surface;

the upper surface of the air inlet upper guide plate is provided with a wing-shaped diversion surface and an accelerating diversion surface in a concave arc structure from top to bottom in sequence; the lower edge of the air inlet upper guide plate is provided with a lower positioning spigot; the lower positioning spigot is connected with the accelerating flow guide surface through a smooth transition of the flow guide surface of the air inlet main air duct;

the air outlet upper guide plate has the same structure as the air inlet upper guide plate;

the filter screen assembly is arranged on a filter screen positioning table on an inner frame of the flow guide body frame assembly below the middle lower flow guide plate, the air inlet lower flow guide plate and the air outlet lower flow guide plate through fasteners; the filter screen assembly comprises a filter screen frame and a filter screen;

the filter screen frame comprises two end frames and two side frames, and the end frames and the side frames adopt split structures;

the end frame comprises an end frame body, positioning baffles are arranged at two ends of the end frame body, an arc surface consistent with an arc structure at the end part of a filter screen is arranged on the inner side surface of the end frame body between the two positioning baffles, a filter screen inserting groove consistent with the waveform of the waveform filter screen is arranged on the arc surface along the width direction of the end frame body, a filter screen positioning tenon integrated with the end frame body is arranged in the filter screen inserting groove, and the filter screen positioning tenon is inserted in the waveform filter screen and fixedly connected with the waveform filter screen through an adhesive; frame positioning grooves are formed in two ends of the end frame, end frame mounting plates are arranged close to the frame positioning grooves, and end frame mounting holes are formed in the end frame mounting plates;

the frame is of a strip-shaped structure, two ends of the frame are inserted into the frame positioning grooves corresponding to the two end frames, the lower surface of the frame is lapped on the end frame mounting plate, end frame mounting holes are formed in the frame, and frame mounting holes corresponding to the filter screen mounting holes are formed in the frame;

the filter screen is a wave-shaped filter screen and comprises a wave-shaped body, convex ridges are arranged on the side surface of the wave-shaped body at intervals along the direction from the wave crest to the wave trough, and a plurality of air inlets are arranged between the adjacent convex ridges along the direction from the wave crest to the wave trough; the cross section of the convex edge is in a triangular structure, and two side surfaces of the upper part of the convex edge are provided with dust reflecting surfaces.

The utility model is an innovation of the traditional dust removing idea and the dust removing method, overcomes the defect of passive adsorption of the traditional filter, utilizes the most convenient energy source, namely strong reverse airflow, generated at the air inlet of the apron board when the high-speed rail motor train unit operates to automatically separate floaters from the inlet airflow, and the separated floaters are discharged back to the atmosphere under the air flow of the main ventilation duct; meanwhile, under the action of the flow guide surface of the flow guide plate, the air pressure at the filter screen is increased to form a high-pressure area, so that active air supply to the equipment cabin is realized.

The joints of the middle lower guide plate, the air inlet lower guide plate, the air outlet lower guide plate and the inner frame are provided with connecting ribs; end mounting sleeves are arranged at two ends of the connecting ribs; the middle positions of the upper surfaces of the middle lower guide plate, the air inlet lower guide plate and the air outlet lower guide plate are provided with middle mounting sleeves; the end mounting sleeve and the middle mounting sleeve respectively extend to the lower surfaces of the middle lower guide plate, the air inlet lower guide plate and the air outlet lower guide plate; the lower surfaces of the end part mounting sleeve and the middle mounting sleeve are provided with fastener penetrating holes; connecting columns are arranged on the lower surfaces of the middle upper guide plate, the air inlet upper guide plate and the air outlet upper guide plate, corresponding to the end mounting sleeve and the middle mounting sleeve; the connecting column is correspondingly inserted into the mounting sleeves at the two ends of the connecting rib and the middle mounting sleeve and is fixedly connected with the mounting sleeves through fastening screws penetrating in the fastening piece penetrating holes. Improved the utility model discloses the fastness and the stability of installation.

And a middle end mounting sleeve is also arranged between the end mounting sleeves of the middle lower guide plate. The stability of connecting between the middle lower guide plate and the middle upper guide plate is further improved.

The middle position of the upper surface of the main air duct flow guiding surface of the middle lower flow guiding plate is provided with a supporting plate, and the lower surface of the middle upper flow guiding plate corresponding to the position of the supporting plate is provided with a supporting plate positioning groove. The stability of connecting between the middle lower guide plate and the middle upper guide plate is further improved, and the middle upper guide plate is prevented from deforming.

Columnar reinforcing ribs are further arranged among the end mounting sleeves on the lower surfaces of the middle lower guide plate, the air inlet lower guide plate and the air outlet lower guide plate; the lower end part of the columnar reinforcing rib is provided with a connecting hole connected with the filter screen. The steadiness of being connected between guide plate and the inside casing under guide plate, air inlet and the air-out under the middle of having further improved, also play the stability of being connected with the filter screen simultaneously, guarantee the filter screen installation.

Be equipped with deep floor between the lower surface that the fluid was drawn to the tip at inside casing both ends and the inside casing both ends, improve the tip and draw stability between fluid and the inside casing, prevent that it warp, adopt the strengthening rib simultaneously and adopt solid tip to draw the fluid to compare, also alleviateed the utility model discloses a whole weight.

According to the difference of the air intake, the upper surface of the middle upper guide plate is of an outer arc structure for the turbulent flow surface.

The middle lower guide plate, the air inlet lower guide plate and the air outlet lower guide plate are provided with upper positioning spigot positions and the middle upper guide plate, the air inlet upper guide plate and the air outlet upper guide plate positions which are matched with each other, and are provided with positioning grooves and positioning bulges.

And a dust collecting groove is arranged on the trough of the wave-shaped filter screen.

The surfaces of the flow guide body frame assembly and the filter screen assembly are coated with super nanometer hydrophobic coatings. Such coatings greatly reduce the adhesion of the surface of the airflow channel; when the high-speed rail motor train unit runs under the condition of heavy snow weather, the snowflakes can not be adhered to the surface in the air duct and are quickly discharged back to the atmosphere. Therefore, in snowing weather, the snow is reduced to be accumulated in the dust remover to cause blockage, and the normal running of the train is ensured.

The utility model has the advantages of it is following and technological effect: 1. under the guidance of an innovative idea, the traditional passive adsorption dust removal method is abandoned, and the dust removal efficiency is high through the mutual superposition and interaction of five dust removal modes. The SGS test bed shows that the dust removal efficiency of the flocculant can reach more than 95 percent, and the dust removal efficiency of the flocculant can reach more than 85 percent for particulate matters and micro-dust.

2. The performance is stable and reliable, and the self-cleaning capability is strong; the long-term use can not block, and the maintenance-free effect can be realized in real sense; not only saves manpower and material resources, but also improves the operation efficiency of the high-speed rail.

3. When the traditional ventilation device enters air, negative pressure of hundreds of pascals is overcome, airflow resistance increased at any time of the dust removal device is overcome, the device does not generate resistance, active air supply quantity can be designed according to air inlet requirements, and the active air supply quantity is in direct proportion to the running speed of a high-speed rail.

4. Through the integral layout of the equipment compartment apron board ventilation device, the convection circulation of air and atmosphere in the equipment compartment can be realized; the environmental temperature in the equipment compartment is greatly reduced, and the good heat dissipation effect of the equipment is ensured.

5. The ventilation device is not only suitable for sand-dust weather, poplar catkin, willow catkin and other seasons, but also suitable for extreme weather such as rain, snow, fog, haze, frost and the like; has the function of automatic snow removal.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a rear view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 and 6 are schematic perspective views of the present invention;

fig. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of a flow conductor frame structure;

FIG. 9 is a rear view of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a bottom view of FIG. 9;

fig. 11 and 12 are perspective views of a baffle frame;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 8;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of an inlet air upper baffle configuration;

fig. 15 and 16 are schematic perspective views of the air inlet upper deflector;

fig. 17 and 18 are schematic perspective views of an intermediate upper baffle;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a screen assembly;

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a screen assembly;

FIG. 21 is an exploded perspective view of the screen assembly;

FIG. 22 is a schematic end frame construction;

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of a screen construction;

FIG. 24 is a filter mesh waveform air intake profile;

FIG. 25a is a simplified process diagram of a simulated geometric model of the present invention;

fig. 25b is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a simulation model mesh model of the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a graph showing the simulation curve of vehicle speed and intake air rate;

FIG. 28 is a diagram of a speed field of the present invention under a condition of a vehicle speed of 50 km/h;

FIG. 29 is a diagram of a velocity field of the present invention under a condition of 120km/h vehicle speed;

FIG. 30 is a diagram of a velocity field of the present invention under a condition of a vehicle speed of 200 km/h;

FIG. 31 is a diagram of a velocity field of the present invention under a condition of a velocity of 250 km/h;

FIG. 32 is a diagram of a velocity field of the present invention under a condition of a 300km/h vehicle speed;

FIG. 33 is a diagram of a velocity field of the present invention, under a condition of a vehicle speed of 350 km/h;

FIG. 34 is a diagram of a velocity field of the present invention, under a condition of a vehicle speed of 400 km/h;

FIG. 35 shows a pressure field distribution diagram under a condition of a vehicle speed of 50 km/h;

FIG. 36 shows a pressure field distribution diagram under a condition of a vehicle speed of 150 km/h;

FIG. 37 shows a pressure field distribution diagram under a condition of a vehicle speed of 200 km/h;

FIG. 38 shows a pressure field distribution diagram under a condition of a vehicle speed of 250 km/h;

FIG. 39 shows a pressure field distribution diagram under a condition of a vehicle speed of 300 km/h;

FIG. 40 shows a pressure field distribution diagram under a condition of 350km/h vehicle speed;

figure 41 speed of a motor vehicle 400km/h operating mode, the utility model discloses pressure field distribution diagram.

In the figure, 10, a flow guide body frame assembly; 110. an inner frame; 111. mounting a plate; 112. mounting holes; 113. end fluid introduction; 120. a middle lower deflector; 121. the middle air inlet guide surface; 122. a middle air outlet flow guide surface; 123. a main air duct flow guide surface; 130. an air inlet lower guide plate; 131. pressurizing the flow guide surface; 132. an upper positioning spigot; 133. a flow-disturbing surface; 140. an air outlet lower guide plate; 150. a middle upper guide plate; 160. an air inlet upper guide plate; 161. an airfoil-shaped flow guide surface; 162. an acceleration guide surface; 163. A lower positioning spigot; 164. guiding the air inlet main air duct; 170. an air outlet upper guide plate; 180. a filter screen positioning table; 20. a filter screen assembly; 210. a screen frame; 211. an end frame; 211-1, an end frame body; 211-2, positioning baffle plates; 211-3, inserting a filter screen into the groove; 211-4, screen positioning falcon; 211-5, a frame positioning groove; 211-6, end frame mounting plate; 211-7, end frame mounting holes; 212. a frame; 212-1, frame mounting holes; 220. filtering with a screen; 221. a waveform body; 222. convex edges; 223. an air inlet; 224. a dust reflecting surface; 225. a dust collecting groove; 231. connecting ribs; 232. an end mounting sleeve; 233. a sleeve is arranged in the middle; 234. a fastener through hole; 235. connecting columns; 236. the middle end part is provided with a sleeve; 237. a support plate; 237-1, a support plate positioning groove; 238. a columnar reinforcing rib; 239. connecting holes; 240. reinforcing rib plates; 250. a positioning groove; 251. and a positioning projection.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

For further explanation of the advantages and technical features of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which reference is made to fig. 1 to 24:

a dust removal and ventilation device for an equipment cabin for a transport means comprises a flow guide body frame assembly 10 and a filter screen assembly 20; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the baffle frame assembly 10 comprises an inner frame 110 and a mounting plate 111 which is arranged on the periphery of the inner frame and is integrally connected with the inner frame, wherein the mounting plate is provided with a mounting hole 112 connected with an air inlet of an equipment cabin; a middle lower guide plate 120 is arranged in the middle of the inner frame, and the middle lower guide plate and the inner frame are integrally formed;

the middle lower guide plate 120 divides the inner frame into two ventilation areas, in order to realize double-sided air inlet, one ventilation area is an air inlet area, the air inlet area is positioned in the walking direction of the transport tool, and the other ventilation area is an air outlet area;

a plurality of air inlet lower guide plates 130 with the same structure are arranged in the air inlet area at intervals along the length direction of the inner frame; the number of the air inlet lower guide plates 130 is set according to the size of the air inlet of the equipment compartment, three air inlet lower guide plates are arranged in the structural description of the embodiment, and five air inlet lower guide plates are arranged in the actual detection and simulation experiment; referring specifically to fig. 25a and 25b, fig. 25a and 25b show a final simplified process of the geometric model of the new equipment compartment ventilator. An air outlet lower guide plate 140 which is in mirror symmetry relative to the middle lower guide plate is arranged in the air outlet area along the length direction of the inner frame; end fluid guiding bodies 113 which are in mirror symmetry are arranged on the inner side surfaces of the two ends of the inner frame 110; the shapes and angles of the end fluid guide bodies are different according to different technical environments; the shape can be a plane or a curved surface; the angle formed by the device extension is determined by the flow rate of the external airflow; the principle is to ensure that the outside air flow is introduced into the air inlet of the device as much as possible, and simultaneously reduce the separation of the air flow and the flow guide surface and the generation of vortex.

The lower surface of the middle lower guide plate 120 is a curved surface structure, which is a middle air inlet guide surface 121 and a middle air outlet guide surface 122 which have the same structure and are in mirror symmetry, and a main air duct guide surface 123 located between the middle air inlet guide surface and the middle air outlet guide surface; the middle lower guide plate and the adjacent air inlet lower guide plate and air outlet lower guide plate form an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel;

the air inlet lower guide plate 130 and the inner frame 110 are integrally formed, and the guide surface on the lower surface of the air inlet lower guide plate is a supercharging guide surface 131 in an outer arc structure; the geometric positions of the supercharging flow guide surface and the supercharging flow guide surface of the adjacent air inlet lower guide plate are matched to form an air inlet channel; the aim of adjusting the proportional relation between the flow velocity of the external air flow and the flow velocity of the air flow entering the main air duct is achieved through the design of the relative relation between the angle, the shape and the accelerating flow guide surface; and simultaneously, the angle of the air inflow entering the main ventilating duct is adjusted, so that the proportional relation between the air flow in the main ventilating duct direction and the air flow in the air inlet duct direction is distributed. The fan blade is equivalent to the working surface of the fan blade, and the external air flow is cut through the surface and is forcibly guided into the main air duct. The upper edge of the air inlet lower guide plate is provided with an upper positioning spigot 132, and the upper positioning spigot is in smooth transition to the upper edge of the flow guide surface of the lower surface of the air inlet lower guide plate through a flow disturbing surface 133;

the air outlet lower guide plate 140 and the inner frame 110 are integrally formed, and the guide surfaces of the air outlet lower guide plate and the air inlet lower guide plate have the same structure;

the middle upper guide plate 150, the air inlet upper guide plate 160 and the air outlet upper guide plate 170 are respectively and fixedly arranged above the middle lower guide plate 120, the air inlet lower guide plate 130 and the air outlet lower guide plate 140;

the upper surface of the middle upper deflector 150 is a spoiler, and the upper surface of the middle upper deflector is a spoiler in an outer arc structure;

the upper surface of the air inlet upper guide plate 160 is provided with an airfoil flow guide surface 161 and an acceleration flow guide surface 162 in a concave arc structure from top to bottom in sequence; wherein the airfoil-shaped flow guide surface 161 forms a small angle with the external air flow, and is preferably 7-9 degrees generally; a certain head-on resistance is given to the outside air flow, so that the running speed is properly accelerated, and the pressure is reduced; but considering the influence of active air suction of the air inlet fan, the angle can be properly increased; but the principle is that the external air flow is not separated from the drainage surface when air is introduced, and the external air flow is introduced into the air inlet channel to the maximum extent. The acceleration guide surface is matched with the geometric position of the air inlet guide surface of the adjacent blade type guide body to form an air inlet channel; the aim of adjusting the proportional relation between the flow velocity of the external air flow and the flow velocity of the air flow entering the main air duct is achieved by adjusting the angle, the shape and the relation with the accelerating flow guide surface; and simultaneously, the angle of the air inflow entering the main ventilating duct is adjusted, so that the proportional relation between the air flow in the main ventilating duct direction and the air flow in the air inlet duct direction is distributed. The lower edge of the air inlet upper guide plate is provided with a lower positioning spigot 163; the lower positioning spigot is connected with the acceleration guide surface 162 through the air inlet main air duct guide surface 164 in a smooth transition way;

the air outlet upper deflector 160 has the same structure as the air inlet upper deflector 170;

the filter screen assembly 20 is arranged on a filter screen positioning table 180 on the inner frame of the flow guide body frame assembly below the middle lower flow guide plate, the air inlet lower flow guide plate and the air outlet lower flow guide plate through fasteners; the screen assembly includes a screen frame 210 and a screen 220;

the filter screen frame 210 comprises two end frames 211 and two side frames 212, and the end frames and the side frames adopt split structures;

the end frame 211 comprises an end frame body 211-1, positioning baffles 211-2 are arranged at two ends of the end frame body, an arc surface consistent with an arc structure at the end part of a filter screen is adopted as the inner side surface of the end frame body between the two positioning baffles, a filter screen inserting groove 211-3 consistent with the waveform of the waveform filter screen is arranged on the arc surface along the width direction of the end frame body, a filter screen positioning tenon 211-4 integrated with the end frame body is arranged in the filter screen inserting groove, and the filter screen positioning tenon is inserted in the waveform filter screen and fixedly connected with the waveform filter screen through an adhesive; the two ends of the end frame are provided with frame positioning grooves 211-5, end frame mounting plates 211-6 are arranged close to the frame positioning grooves, and end frame mounting holes 211-7 are formed in the end frame mounting;

the frame 212 is of a strip structure, two ends of the frame are inserted into the frame positioning grooves 211-5 corresponding to the two end frames, the lower surface of the frame is lapped on the end frame mounting plate 211-6, end frame mounting holes are formed in the frame, and frame mounting holes 212-1 corresponding to the filter screen mounting holes are formed in the frame;

the filter screen 220 is a wave-shaped filter screen and comprises a wave-shaped body 221, convex ridges 222 are arranged on the side surface of the wave-shaped body at intervals along the direction from wave crest to wave trough, and a plurality of air inlet holes 223 are arranged between adjacent convex ridges along the direction from wave crest to wave trough; the diameter of the air inlet hole 223 is about 2mm, so that floating objects with the diameter of more than 2mm can not enter the equipment cabin, and the radiating fins cannot be blocked. Since there are nearly ten thousand such air inlets on the entire filter screen, a waveform distribution diagram of the air inlets is given for simplifying the drawing, please refer to fig. 24; the section of the convex edge is in a triangular or trapezoidal structure, and two side surfaces of the upper part of the convex edge are provided with dust reflecting surfaces 224; when the floater is close to the air inlet hole, the floater impacts on the small-angle inclined plane to be ejected so as to rapidly avoid the air inlet hole, thereby creating a clean air layer for the air inlet hole and ensuring the cleanness of air inlet. The preferred inclination angle of the reflecting surface is 30-60 degrees; in the actual high-speed running of the train, a gas clean space is formed between two adjacent convex ridges.

The utility model is an innovation of the traditional dust removing idea and the dust removing method, after the installation, the adjacent middle lower guide plate, the air inlet lower guide plate, the air outlet lower guide plate, the middle upper guide plate, the air inlet upper guide plate and the air outlet upper guide plate form an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel; the filter screen assembly and the flow guide body frame assembly are enclosed to form a main air duct communicated with the main air duct and the air outlet duct, the defect of passive adsorption of a traditional filter is overcome, the most convenient energy source, namely strong reverse airflow, generated at the air inlet of the apron board is utilized when the high-speed rail motor train unit runs, the floaters are automatically separated from the intake airflow, and the separated floaters are wrapped by the airflow of the main air duct and then discharged back to the atmosphere; meanwhile, under the action of the flow guide surface of the flow guide plate, the air pressure at the filter screen is increased to form a high-pressure area, so that active air supply to the equipment cabin is realized.

The joints of the middle lower guide plate, the air inlet lower guide plate, the air outlet lower guide plate and the inner frame are provided with connecting ribs 231; end mounting sleeves 232 are arranged at two ends of the connecting ribs; the middle positions of the upper surfaces of the middle lower guide plate, the air inlet lower guide plate and the air outlet lower guide plate are provided with middle mounting sleeves 233; the end mounting sleeve and the middle mounting sleeve respectively extend to the lower surfaces of the middle lower guide plate, the air inlet lower guide plate and the air outlet lower guide plate; the lower surfaces of the end mounting sleeve 232 and the middle mounting sleeve 233 are provided with fastener through holes 234; the lower surfaces of the middle upper guide plate, the air inlet upper guide plate and the air outlet upper guide plate are provided with connecting columns 235 corresponding to the end part mounting sleeves and the middle mounting sleeves; the connecting column is correspondingly inserted into the mounting sleeves at the two ends of the connecting rib and the middle mounting sleeve and is fixedly connected with the mounting sleeves through fastening screws penetrating in the fastening piece penetrating holes. Improved the utility model discloses the fastness and the stability of installation.

And a middle end mounting sleeve 236 is also arranged between the end mounting sleeves of the middle lower guide plate. The stability of connecting between the middle lower guide plate and the middle upper guide plate is further improved.

The middle position of the upper surface of the main air duct flow guiding surface of the middle lower flow guiding plate is provided with a supporting plate 237, and the lower surface of the middle upper flow guiding plate corresponding to the position of the supporting plate is provided with a supporting plate positioning groove 237-1. The stability of connecting between the middle lower guide plate and the middle upper guide plate is further improved, and the middle upper guide plate is prevented from deforming.

The lower surfaces of the middle lower guide plate, the air inlet lower guide plate and the air outlet lower guide plate are also provided with columnar reinforcing ribs 238 between the end installation sleeves, and the lower end parts of the columnar reinforcing ribs are provided with connecting holes 239 connected with the filter screen. The steadiness of being connected between guide plate and the inside casing under guide plate, air inlet lower guide plate and the air-out under the middle of having further improved.

Be equipped with deep floor 240 between the lower surface that the fluid was drawn to the tip at inside casing both ends and the inside casing both ends, improve the tip and draw stability between fluid and the inside casing, prevent that it warp, adopt the strengthening rib simultaneously and adopt solid tip to draw the fluid to compare, also alleviateed the utility model discloses a whole weight.

The middle lower guide plate, the air inlet lower guide plate and the air outlet lower guide plate are provided with upper positioning spigot positions and the middle upper guide plate, the air inlet upper guide plate and the air outlet upper guide plate are provided with positioning grooves 250 and positioning protrusions 251 which are matched with each other. The accuracy of installation is guaranteed.

The wave trough of the wave-shaped filter screen is provided with a dust collecting groove 225. The dust collecting groove is positioned at the bottom of the peak wave filter screen and consists of two symmetrical dust collecting reflecting surfaces; when external air flow enters the main air duct from the air inlet of the flow guide body at a certain angle, lighter floating objects such as catkins carried by the air flow can be discharged along the main air duct; however, heavier particles such as sand particles and the like can bottom due to larger inertia; at this time, the particles are not ejected to the air inlet under the action of the inclined surface of the dust collecting groove, but are discharged back to the atmosphere along the direction of the dust collecting groove.

With the aforesaid the utility model discloses use on the high-speed railway, carry out hydrodynamics simulation analysis to this utility model dynamic flow field characteristic under different operating vehicle speed operating modes, mainly carry out integrated analysis with regard to ventilation unit's dynamic speed of a motor vehicle-amount of wind relation to and the speed field, the pressure field etc. of typical cross-section.

The numerical simulation adopts fluid simulation software Star-CCM +, and the whole fluid simulation process of grid division, boundary setting, numerical calculation, result post-processing and the like is completed, and the numerical calculation is completed by adopting a high-performance cluster server. The simulation analysis was performed with reference to the following criteria: GB/T10178 + 2006 Industrial ventilator field Performance test. Flow field characteristic simulation analysis report number: GYJS-2019-

Right the utility model discloses the flow field carries out the emulation calculation, establishes the ventilation unit three-dimensional simulation geometric model including air inlet water conservancy diversion structure, peak wave filter screen and dust remover frame etc. adopts hexahedron net discrete computation domain, to ventilation unit's dynamic speed of a motor vehicle-amount of wind curve, has carried out emulation calculation and analysis in different typical cross-section speed fields, pressure field etc.. The emulation result shows, the utility model discloses advance, the exhaust stream is smooth and easy, and the resistance is little, and air inlet water conservancy diversion structure windward side and filter screen are in high nip, do benefit to the equipment compartment air inlet and discharge floaters such as sand and dust, catkin, the utility model discloses whole technical scheme satisfies the requirement that high-speed EMUs equipment compartment ventilates and uses.

Firstly, simulating a geometric model:

the utility model discloses dynamic flow field characteristic simulation analysis adopts three-dimensional full flow field geometric model, and simulation geometric model includes that outer space flow field is regional, ventilation unit, equipment cabin space flow field is regional. In order to truly reflect the flow characteristics of the internal flow field of the ventilation device, the fluid simulation geometric model reserves the structure and detail characteristics of an air inlet flow guide structure, a peak wave filter screen, a frame and the like which have large influence on the flow field in the construction process, properly simplifies the internal and external flow field areas of the ventilation device, and properly extends and enlarges the internal and external flow field areas. Specifically, fig. 25 shows a simplified simulated geometric model of a dynamic flow field of a novel ventilation device in an equipment compartment, which facilitates subsequent simulation analysis of the dynamic speed-air volume relationship of the ventilation device, the speed field and the pressure field of a typical cross section.

Second, simulation grid model

The grid is a carrier for fluid numerical simulation and analysis. The grid quality has an important influence on the computational accuracy and the computational efficiency. For complex problems, grid generation is very time consuming and error prone, and the time required to generate a grid is often greater than the time required for actual numerical calculations.

When the simulation of the actual problem is carried out, the grid suitable for the specific problem to be calculated can be obtained through repeated debugging and comparison. It can be said that a high-quality mesh is a prerequisite for achieving the success of numerical simulation, and a dense or sparse mesh should be avoided. Too sparse meshes often lead to inaccurate or even completely wrong solutions, and the calculation result is not converged under certain conditions; the excessive dense grids greatly increase the calculation amount, have higher requirements on the hardware of the computer and have longer calculation time. In general, the solutions to the differential equations are approximate solutions, and the number of grid nodes is required to be sufficient to make the numerical solution closer to the true solution until the calculation result has no significant change (i.e. a grid-independent solution is obtained) as the number of grids increases. In addition, on the basis of satisfying the requirement of fine mesh, the number of meshes should be reduced as much as possible to reduce the amount of calculation and improve the stability of convergence. Where the gradient of the parameters (pressure, velocity, etc.) is large, the grid must be kept sufficiently fine and the number of grids in the region where the gradient is small is correspondingly reduced.

The spatial dispersion of the entire ventilation device computational domain requires the generation of a computational mesh model. The mesh type, mesh size, quality and the like in the mesh model have great influence on the accuracy of the simulation result. When the grid model is processed, the quantity and the quality of the grid are reasonably controlled on the basis of meeting the requirements of computing hardware, and the simulation calculation time is shortened on the basis of ensuring the simulation precision. Computational grids can be classified into three categories, structured grids, unstructured grids and hybrid grids according to the adjacency relation between grid nodes. The nodes in the structured grid are arranged orderly, and the relationship between adjacent nodes is definite. For complex geometric regions, the structural grid may be constructed in blocks, which form a block structural grid. In unstructured grids, the positions of nodes cannot be named orderly with a fixed rule.

And (3) performing space dispersion of the calculation domain of the whole ventilation device by using the Star-CCM + self-contained grid processing module and adopting a hexahedron Trimmer grid. In the grid division process, grid encryption processing is carried out on structures which have small geometrical sizes and large influence on flow characteristics, such as an air inlet flow guide structure, a peak wave filter screen and a dust remover, and the grid size is properly amplified in an area with small data gradient change.

The whole calculation domain volume grid model of the ventilation device is shown in fig. 26, and the volume grid distribution density is uniform as seen from the volume grid density distribution, so that the grid quantity and quality are well controlled, and finally the total number of hexahedron grids is about 231 ten thousand. To set different mesh sizes for different geometries, different portions of the overall fluid computation domain need to be defined separately. Firstly, the boundaries of an inlet and an outlet such as an inlet and an outlet need to be defined independently, secondly, the geometric sizes of a flow guide structure, a filter screen and the like are small, and the part of the grid size which needs to be encrypted independently also needs to be defined independently.

Numerical algorithm and boundary conditions

3.1 numerical Algorithm

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation belongs to the field of Computational fluid dynamics, and a flow equation set describing a flow field is solved by a numerical calculation method to obtain information about the flow field. The numerical simulation calculation is not influenced by the constraint of inherent conditions of the test, various phenomena or conditions can be considered respectively, the mechanisms of various flow phenomena can be deeply known, the quantitative result of the nonlinear problem can be obtained, a large amount of flow field information can be obtained through calculation in the engineering design process, the research period is short, the cost is low, and the method is an important means for researching the ventilation device of the equipment compartment of the rail transit vehicle.

The internal and external flow fields of the ventilation device of the equipment compartment of the rail transit vehicle are three-dimensional viscosity-stable incompressible turbulence flow fields, a readable k-epsilon turbulence model is adopted as a turbulence model, and the transportation equation form of a control equation is as follows:

in the formula: t is time, ρ is air density, u is velocity vector,

Γ is the diffusion coefficient and S is the source term for the flow field flux.

In Reynolds stress model and vortex viscosity modelThe k-epsilon two-equation model, particularly the k-epsilon two-equation model, is most widely applied to the numerical simulation of the turbulence of the air flow of the air conditioning ventilation system. The simulation of turbulence herein employs a k-epsilon turbulence model. The kappa-epsilon turbulence model is also a vortex viscosity model, and the main difference between the kappa-epsilon turbulence model and the algebraic model is the vortex viscosity coefficient mu of the kappa-epsilon turbulence model_tPart of the historical effects are involved, and the vortex viscosity coefficient and the turbulent kinetic energy are related to the dissipation ratio of the turbulent kinetic energy:

in the formula: mu.s_iIs the vortex viscosity coefficient; k is turbulent kinetic energy; epsilon turbulence dissipation ratio; c_μFor the turbulence constant, take C in general_μ＝0.09。

The turbulent kinetic energy k equation is:

the turbulent dissipation ratio epsilon equation is:

in the formula: v-air kinematic viscosity, v- μ/, v_iIs a laminar kinematic viscosity, v_iIn order to achieve a turbulent kinematic viscosity,

C₁、C₂、σ_k、σ_εas an empirical constant, the values calculated herein are as follows, with reference to the literature published in recent years: c₁＝1.47， C₂＝1.92，σ_k＝1.0，σ_ε＝1.33。

In the aspect of a control equation, diffusion terms related to space are dispersed in a second-order central difference format, and convection terms are dispersed in a second-order windward format.

The coupling between speed and pressure is achieved using the SIMPLE algorithm. And solving a three-dimensional time-averaged Reynolds N-S equation by adopting a separated implicit scheme.

3.2 boundary conditions

All computational fluid dynamics problem solutions require certain boundary conditions. The boundary condition is a rule that a variable or its first derivative solved for on the boundary of the solution domain varies with place and time. Only given the problem of reasonable boundary conditions is it possible to compute a solution to the flow field. Thus, the boundary condition is a necessary condition for the computational fluid dynamics problem to be solved, and neither computational fluid dynamics problem is likely to have a boundary condition. The key to the quality of a numerical computation result often depends on what boundary conditions are abstracted out for a particular physical problem and how to apply the given boundary conditions to the computational grid.

The flow boundary conditions are considered according to the inlet and the outlet respectively, and the respective solutions are not consistent. Flow-inlet conditions refer to the situation where flow parameters are specified on the inlet boundary. Common flow inlet boundary conditions include velocity inlet, pressure inlet, and mass inlet boundary conditions; flow outlet boundary conditions refer to given flow parameters including velocity, pressure, etc. at the flow outlet (geometric outlet location). When the boundary conditions of the inlet and the outlet of the flow are used, the flow parameters such as absolute pressure, turbulent kinetic energy, dissipation ratio and the like are set. When applying the k-epsilon turbulence model, initial values for the turbulence energy k and dissipation rate epsilon at the boundary at the inlet and outlet must be set, which can generally be determined experimentally. When the boundary condition is set, the boundary is ensured to be set at a proper position, the proper boundary condition is selected, and meanwhile, the boundary condition is not over-constrained or under-constrained.

The inlet of the whole flow field calculation domain of the ventilation device of the equipment compartment of the rail transit vehicle adopts a speed inlet boundary, and the wind speeds are the simulated vehicle running speeds which are respectively 50km/h, 120km/h, 200km/h, 250km/h, 300km/h, 350km/h and 400 km/h. The calculation domain outlet comprises an outlet of an external vehicle flow domain and an outlet of an equipment cabin flow domain, pressure outlet boundaries are adopted, and the initial pressure is one atmosphere, namely 1.01325 multiplied by 105 Pa.

The solid Wall surface of the ventilation device adopts the non-slip Wall boundary condition. The no-slip boundary condition assumes that the velocity of the fluid particles on the solid wall is equal to the velocity of the solid wall, i.e.: the fluid velocity of the wall surface is the same as the velocity of the wall surface, and when the wall surface is static, the velocity of the wall surface is 0; the area adjacent to the solid wall surface uses a wall function method.

Fourth, simulation result

4.1 vehicle speed-air volume curve

Table 1 shows the simulation results of the air intake of the novel equipment compartment ventilating device under different running vehicle speed conditions of 50km/h, 120km/h, 200km/h, 250km/h, 300km/h, 350km/h and 400 km/h.

Fig. 27 shows a simulation curve of vehicle speed-intake of the novel equipment compartment ventilation device, and it can be seen that the intake increases significantly with the increase of the vehicle speed, and the value of the intake is large, which shows that the utility model is very beneficial to the intake of the equipment compartment.

A representative cross-section of fig. 25 was selected for velocity field analysis. FIGS. 28 to 35 show the velocity field distribution of the section 1 under different operating vehicle speeds of 50km/h, 120km/h, 200km/h, 250km/h, 300km/h, 350km/h and 400 km/h. It can be seen that the air flow on the windward side smoothly enters the ventilation device under the influence of the air inlet flow guide structure, part of the air flow enters the equipment cabin after passing through the filter screen behind the flow guide structure, part of the air flow flows out of the equipment cabin from the leeward side flow guide structure, and the air flow flowing out of the leeward side smoothly flows out under the influence of various flow guide structures.

The inflow equipment compartment airflow flows into the equipment compartment from both sides under the influence of the transition net tailgate. The existence of baffle is favorable to the even vortex filter screen of air current on the one hand, improves filtration efficiency, is favorable to removing dust, and on the other hand is favorable to some air current to smoothly flow out from leeward side, takes away the floater.

4.3 pressure field

Two typical sections in the novel equipment compartment ventilation device shown in fig. 27 were selected for pressure field analysis. FIGS. 35-41 show the pressure field distribution under different operating vehicle speeds of 50km/h, 120km/h, 200km/h, 250km/h, 300km/h, 350km/h and 400 km/h. It can be seen that the utility model discloses air inlet water conservancy diversion structure windward side and filter screen are in high nip, do benefit to air inlet side ventilation unit air inlet on the one hand, and on the other hand does benefit to air-out side ventilation unit air-out to further be favorable to the filtration and the discharge of floaters such as sand and dust, catkin.

5. Conclusion

The method comprises the following steps of carrying out simulation calculation on a flow field of a novel equipment cabin ventilation device, establishing a three-dimensional simulation geometric model of the ventilation device including an air inlet flow guide structure, a peak wave filter screen, a dust remover frame and the like, solving a three-dimensional time-averaged N-S equation by adopting a hexahedral mesh discrete computation domain and adopting a separated implicit scheme, carrying out simulation calculation and analysis on a dynamic vehicle speed-air volume curve, different typical section speed fields, pressure fields and the like of the ventilation device, and obtaining the following conclusion:

1) the utility model discloses advance, the exhaust stream is smooth and easy, and the resistance is little, along with the increase of the speed of a motor vehicle, the intake increases and is showing, the utility model discloses it is very favourable to the equipment compartment air inlet.

2) The utility model discloses air inlet water conservancy diversion structure windward side and filter screen are in high nip, do benefit to ventilation unit air inlet and air-out to further be favorable to the filtration and the discharge of floaters such as sand and dust, catkin.

Synthesize each item emulation result to this novel equipment cabin ventilation unit and show, the utility model discloses whole technical scheme satisfies the requirement of high-speed EMUs equipment cabin ventilation.

To sum up, the utility model discloses when having utilized high-speed EMUs operation, produce powerful reverse air current in skirtboard air inlet department, after entering the main entrance according to an angle through the baffle group, by water conservancy diversion, pressurization. The impulsive force of the airflow can be decomposed into two direction component forces, one part of the component forces is the component force vertical to the net surface, and the component force not only solves the problem of the traditional intake that strong negative pressure is generated and the intake resistance is increased, but also can realize positive intake. The other part of the component force is parallel to the plane of the peak wave filter screen, namely perpendicular to the air inlet hole, the airflow transversely passes through the air inlet concave hole at a speed which is several times higher than the air inlet speed of the air inlet hole within a very short time, sand dust, catkin and other objects wrapped in the airflow have very high kinetic energy, the suction force generated when the air inlet hole enters the air is not enough to overcome the motion inertia of the sand dust and the catkin, the motion trail of harmful substances cannot be changed, and the strong ejection action of the inclined surface in front of the hole on sand dust particles cannot be absorbed by the air inlet hole, so that the purpose of high-efficiency automatic dust removal is realized.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust removal and ventilation device for an equipment cabin for a transport means comprises a flow guide body frame assembly and a filter screen assembly; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the upper surface of the middle upper guide plate is a flow disturbing surface;

the filter screen is a wave-shaped filter screen and comprises a wave-shaped body, convex ridges are arranged on the side surface of the wave-shaped body at intervals along the direction from the wave crest to the wave trough, and a plurality of air inlets are arranged between the adjacent convex ridges along the direction from the wave crest to the wave trough; two side surfaces of the upper part of the convex edge are provided with dust reflecting surfaces.

2. The device for dust removal and ventilation of an equipment compartment for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the joints of the middle lower guide plate, the air inlet lower guide plate, the air outlet lower guide plate and the inner frame are provided with connecting ribs; end mounting sleeves are arranged at two ends of the connecting ribs; the middle positions of the upper surfaces of the middle lower guide plate, the air inlet lower guide plate and the air outlet lower guide plate are provided with middle mounting sleeves; the end mounting sleeve and the middle mounting sleeve respectively extend to the lower surfaces of the middle lower guide plate, the air inlet lower guide plate and the air outlet lower guide plate; the lower surfaces of the end part mounting sleeve and the middle mounting sleeve are provided with fastener penetrating holes; connecting columns are arranged on the lower surfaces of the middle upper guide plate, the air inlet upper guide plate and the air outlet upper guide plate, corresponding to the end mounting sleeve and the middle mounting sleeve; the connecting column is correspondingly inserted into the mounting sleeves at the two ends of the connecting rib and the middle mounting sleeve and is fixedly connected with the mounting sleeves through fastening screws penetrating in the fastening piece penetrating holes.

3. The device for dust removal and ventilation of an equipment compartment for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein: and a middle end mounting sleeve is also arranged between the end mounting sleeves of the middle lower guide plate.

4. The device for dust removal and ventilation of an equipment compartment for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein: the middle position of the upper surface of the main air duct flow guiding surface of the middle lower flow guiding plate is provided with a supporting plate, and the lower surface of the middle upper flow guiding plate corresponding to the position of the supporting plate is provided with a supporting plate positioning groove.

5. The device for dust removal and ventilation of an equipment compartment for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein: the lower surface of guide plate under guide plate, air inlet lower guide plate and the air-out still is equipped with the column strengthening rib between the end installation cover under the middle guide plate, air inlet, the lower tip of column strengthening rib is equipped with the connecting hole of being connected with the filter screen.

6. The device for dust removal and ventilation of an equipment compartment for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: and reinforcing rib plates are arranged between the lower surfaces of the end fluid guide bodies at the two ends of the inner frame and the two ends of the inner frame.

7. The device for dust removal and ventilation of an equipment compartment for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the upper surface of the middle upper guide plate is of an outer arc structure for the turbulent flow surface.

8. The device for dust removal and ventilation of an equipment compartment for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the middle lower guide plate, the air inlet lower guide plate and the air outlet lower guide plate are provided with upper positioning spigot positions and the middle upper guide plate, the air inlet upper guide plate and the air outlet upper guide plate positions which are matched with each other, and are provided with positioning grooves and positioning bulges.

9. The device for dust removal and ventilation of an equipment compartment for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: and a dust collecting groove is arranged on the trough of the wave-shaped filter screen.

10. The device for dust removal and ventilation of an equipment compartment for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the surfaces of the flow guide body frame assembly and the filter screen assembly are coated with super nanometer hydrophobic coatings.