CN210604639U - Soil aggregate water droplet impact disintegration test device - Google Patents
Soil aggregate water droplet impact disintegration test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN210604639U CN210604639U CN201921508255.3U CN201921508255U CN210604639U CN 210604639 U CN210604639 U CN 210604639U CN 201921508255 U CN201921508255 U CN 201921508255U CN 210604639 U CN210604639 U CN 210604639U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a soil aggregate water drop impact disintegration test device and a test method, which comprises a bracket with scales vertically arranged, and a water storage tank fixed on the bracket through a fixed knob; the lower part of the water storage tank is connected with a water diversion guide pipe, and one end of the water diversion guide pipe, which is far away from the water storage tank, is connected with a water dripping head; the water diversion conduit is provided with a flow controller; the soil aggregate sample collection device is also provided with a screen, and a groove for placing a soil aggregate sample is formed in the screen; the position of the groove corresponds to the water dripping head; an infrared receiving and transmitting device is arranged above the screen and used for monitoring and identifying falling water drops and monitoring and identifying the state of soil aggregate; the infrared ray transceiver is connected with the control device; the utility model discloses under the rainfall condition, the soil aggregate is at the collapse process under the rainwater impact, and the index of aassessment aggregate stability is seen as to the test result, provides the foundation for the erosion research of soil under the rainfall effect.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a soil erosion, water and soil conservation research's experimental technical field, concretely relates to soil aggregate water droplet impact disintegration test device.
Background
The resistance of the soil aggregate to the destructive effects of water, mechanical impact and the like characterizes the stability of the soil structure against hydraulic erosion. Therefore, the stability of the aggregate is an important content of soil erosion resistance research, and has important significance in the aspects of soil erosion, water and soil conservation research and the like. The water droplet impingement method reflects the stability of the agglomerates by recording the number of water droplets required for the agglomerates to be struck by water droplets until they are completely dissipated. The test method simulates the disintegration process of soil aggregates under the combined action of moisture and raindrop mechanical impact under the rainfall condition. But still lack the test equipment that is used for soil aggregate water droplet impact disintegration test specially at present, use self-made simple and easy test device in the experiment more. However, there are the following problems: firstly, the existing simple water drop impact disintegration test device is inconvenient for adjusting the size and the density of water drops (the number of the water drops dropping in unit time), cannot accurately control test conditions, and is difficult to ensure the reliability and the repeatability of test results. In the water drop impact disintegration test, the process that the soil aggregate with higher stability is disintegrated to complete dissipation is often comparatively long, and the existing simple test device needs the manual work to count the number of water drops required by the complete dissipation of the aggregate, occupies a large amount of time of test personnel, and is easy to cause human errors.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses to the problem that prior art exists, provide a can accurate soil aggregate water droplet impact disintegration test device who adjusts water droplet whereabouts height, water droplet size and water droplet density, automatic monitoring, discernment, record aggregate state and dissipate required water droplet quantity completely.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that:
a soil aggregate water drop impact disintegration test device comprises a bracket which is vertically provided with scales, and a water storage tank is fixed on the bracket through a fixing knob; the lower part of the water storage tank is connected with a water diversion guide pipe, and one end of the water diversion guide pipe, which is far away from the water storage tank, is connected with a water dripping head; the water diversion conduit is provided with a flow controller; the soil aggregate sample collection device is also provided with a screen, and a groove for placing a soil aggregate sample is formed in the screen; the position of the groove corresponds to the water dripping head; an infrared receiving and transmitting device is arranged above the screen and used for monitoring and identifying falling water drops and monitoring and identifying the state of soil aggregate; the infrared ray transceiver is connected with the control device.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a device box body, and the lower part of the bracket penetrates through the device box body; the screen, the infrared receiving and transmitting device and the control device are arranged in the device box body; the corresponding position of the screen on the upper surface of the device box body is also provided with a window. .
Furthermore, a drawing waste material box is arranged at a corresponding position below the screen mesh, and a first handle is arranged on the surface of the waste material box.
Furthermore, the lower ends of the box body and the support are fixedly arranged on the support.
Further, the support is characterized in that a wind shield for avoiding air flow is arranged outside the support.
Furthermore, the infrared ray receiving and transmitting devices are divided into three groups and are respectively arranged on two planes above the screen; the first group of infrared transceiving devices comprises a first infrared transmitter and a first infrared receiver, and is arranged on a plane above the first group of infrared transceiving devices; the second group of infrared transceiver and the third group of infrared transceiver are arranged on the other plane below; the second group of infrared transceiving devices comprises a second infrared transmitter and a second infrared receiver; the third group of infrared transceiving devices comprises a third infrared transmitter and a third infrared receiver; the straight line of the second group of infrared transceiver is vertical to the straight line of the third group of infrared transceiver; the straight line of the first group of infrared transceiving devices, the straight line of the second group of infrared transceiving devices and the straight line of the third group of infrared transceiving devices are intersected with the straight line formed by the lower end of the water dripping head and the center of the groove.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a display, wherein the display is connected with the control device and is arranged on the upper surface of the device box body.
Furthermore, the windshield is surrounded on four sides, three sides are fixed, and the other side is connected with the adjacent side through a hinge; a second handle is arranged on the movable surface.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the device of the utility model simulates the disintegration process of soil aggregates under the rainwater impact action under the rainfall condition, and the test result is regarded as the index for evaluating the stability of the aggregates, thereby providing a basis for the erosion research of soil under the rainfall action;
(2) the utility model has simple installation and use, accurate measurement and variable control, adjustable drop height, drop size and drop density according to the test requirements, and automatic monitoring, identification and recording of the state of the aggregate and the quantity of the drops required by the complete dissipation of the aggregate;
(3) the utility model discloses saved testing personnel's time greatly when improving experimental precision, had higher spreading value in soil erosion, soil and water conservation research.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the front view structure of the device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the top view structure of the device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the relative position structure of the mid-infrared transceiver and the water dripping head and the screen of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-support, 2-device box, 3-control device, 4-waste box, 5-first handle, 6-support, 7-water storage tank, 8-water guide pipe, 9-fixed knob, 10-flow controller, 11-water dropper, 12-windshield, 13-second handle, 14-display, 15-switch, 16-electric bell, 17-window, 18-screen, 19-first infrared emitter, 20-second infrared receiver, 21-second infrared emitter, 22-second infrared receiver, 23-third infrared emitter, and 24-third infrared receiver.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the soil aggregate water drop impact disintegration test device comprises a bracket 6 with scales vertically arranged, and a water storage tank 7 is arranged on the bracket 6 through a fixing knob 9; the lower part of the water storage tank 7 is connected with a water diversion conduit 8, and one end of the water diversion conduit 8, which is far away from the water storage tank 7, is connected with a water dripping head 11; the water guide pipe 8 is provided with a flow controller 10; the soil aggregate sample collector is also provided with a screen 18, and a groove for placing a soil aggregate sample is formed in the screen 18; the position of the groove corresponds to the water dripping head 11; an infrared ray transmitting and receiving device is arranged above the screen 18 and used for monitoring and identifying falling water drops and monitoring and identifying the state of soil aggregates; the infrared transceiver is connected to the control device 3.
The device also comprises an iron hexahedral device box body 2, the lower part of the bracket 6 penetrates through the device box body 2, and the lower ends of the device box body 2 and the bracket 6 are fixedly arranged on the iron support 1; the screen 18, the infrared transmitting and receiving device, the control device 3 and the electric bell 16 are arranged in the device box body 2, and the display 14 and the monitoring system switch 15 are arranged on the upper surface of the device box body 2; a window 17 is arranged at the position corresponding to the screen 18 on the upper surface of the device box body 2, and the screen 18 is horizontally fixed below the window 17; the screen 18 is slightly smaller in size than the window 17. A waste material box 4 is arranged at a corresponding position below the screen 18; the waste material box 4 is a drawing type waste material box, and a first handle 5 is arranged on the surface of the waste material box. The bracket 6 is also provided with a windshield 12 for preventing air from flowing. The windshield 12 is surrounded on four sides, three sides are fixed, and the other side is connected with the adjacent side through a hinge; the movable face is provided with a second handle 13. The windshield 12 is made of clear plexiglass. The three groups of infrared transmitting and receiving devices are respectively arranged in two planes above the screen 18; in the same group of infrared receiving and transmitting devices, the infrared receiver and the transmitter are positioned on the same straight line; the first group of infrared transceiving means comprises a first infrared emitter 19 and a first infrared receiver 20, arranged in a plane above; the second group of infrared transceiver and the third group of infrared transceiver are arranged on the other plane below; the second group of infrared transceiving devices comprises a second infrared transmitter 21 and a second infrared receiver 22; the third group of infrared transceiving means comprises a third infrared emitter 23 and a third infrared receiver 24; the straight line of the second group of infrared transceiver is vertical to the straight line of the third group of infrared transceiver; the straight line of the first group of infrared transceiver, the straight line of the second group of infrared transceiver and the straight line of the third group of infrared transceiver are all perpendicular to the straight line formed by the lower end of the water dripping head 11 and the center of the groove.
The first group of infrared receiving and transmitting devices are used for monitoring and identifying falling water drops; when the water drops pass through the infrared beam to cause shielding, and the intensity of the infrared rays received by the first infrared receiver 20 is reduced to be lower than a set threshold value, the control device 3 receives a signal, judges that the water drops pass through, and counts. The second group and the third group of infrared receiving and transmitting devices are vertically distributed in the same plane, are distributed in a cross shape, are used for monitoring and identifying the state of the aggregate, and are shielded after the aggregate sample is placed in the central groove of the screen; when the infrared ray intensities received by the second infrared ray receiver 22 and the third infrared ray receiver 24 are both lower than the set threshold value, the control device 3 determines that the test is started, starts counting water drops, and the display 14 displays the number of water drops dropped in the test in real time. If deviation exists in the process of placing the soil aggregate, the infrared light beam is not blocked, the infrared intensity received by two or one receiver is higher than a set threshold value, and the display 14 displays an error prompt. After the soil aggregate is disintegrated under the action of water drops, the soil aggregate passes through the screen 18 and falls into the waste box 4, and the shielding of the infrared light beam is reduced or disappears. When the intensity of the infrared rays received by the receivers is increased and the intensity of the infrared rays received by the receivers of the second group and the third group exceed the set threshold value, the control device 3 judges that the soil aggregate is completely dispersed, stops counting, and the electric bell 16 gives out a prompt ring for finishing the test. The three set thresholds are obtained by calibration in advance before the test is started.
The control device 3 is a control panel, and the infrared ray transceiver is also connected with a switch 15; the display 14 is arranged on the upper surface of the device box body 2, and the control device 3 is arranged in the device box body 2 and receives signals collected by the infrared transmitting and receiving device. The display 14 can visually display the signals collected by the control device 3. The bracket 6 is an iron upright bracket, is fixed on the support 1 through a fixing screw and penetrates through the device box body 2; the surface of the bracket 6 is provided with scales. The water storage tank 7 is an open water storage tank, and the water diversion conduit 8 is made of hard PVC; the tail end of the water guide pipe 8 is connected with the water dripping head 11 through a spiral connector, and the water dripping heads 11 with different calibers and the same length can be disassembled and replaced, so that the size of falling water drops can be adjusted. The groove on the screen 18 is arranged at the center of the screen 18, is a circular groove with the diameter of 10mm, and the concave depth of the screen 18 is equal to the aperture of the screen 18. The groove on the screen 18 and the water dripping head 11 are positioned on the same plumb line, so that water drops are ensured to drop on the aggregate after falling; the infrared light beams emitted by the three groups of infrared receiving and emitting devices are intersected with the plumb line.
Scales marked on the surface of the bracket 6 indicate the height difference between the center of the water dripping head 11 and the center of the screen 18 when the fixing knob 9 is fixed at a certain height of the bracket 6; after the fixing knob 9 is loosened, the height of the center of the water dripping head 11 and the screen 18 can be adjusted according to the scales, so that the falling height of water drops is controlled. The cross section of the bracket 6 can be selected to be a round-corner quadrilateral structure, so that the water storage tank 7, the water diversion guide pipe 8 and the water dripping head 11 are prevented from shifting around the bracket 6 in the lifting process.
The knob of the flow controller 10 is adjusted in a stepless mode, when the dial scale of the flow controller 10 indicates that the knob rotates to the position, the water drop density dropped by the water dropping head 11 is obtained through test calibration, the specific numerical value corresponding to the scale is obtained through test calibration, the minimum scale is zero, and the flow controller 10 plays a role of a water flow switch at the same time.
A test method of a soil aggregate water drop impact disintegration test device comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting a screen 18 with a set mesh number, adjusting the water storage tank 7 to a set height through a fixed knob 9, selecting a water dropper 11 with a set caliber, and adding water into the water storage tank 7;
step 2: placing the soil aggregate sample in the groove on the screen 18; placing the screened soil aggregate pre-wetted into a circular groove in the center of a screen 18 through a window 17 arranged on the upper surface of the device box 2;
and step 3: a switch 15 for turning on the infrared ray transmitting and receiving device; the infrared transceiver will monitor the position of the soil aggregates, and if the soil aggregates are not located in the correct central position of the screen 18, the display 14 will send an error prompt, and at this time, the position of the soil aggregates should be adjusted until the error prompt stops;
and 4, step 4: adjusting the flow controller 10 to a set drop density; closing the windshield 12 after confirming that the adjustment is correct;
and 5: recording and collecting the aggregation state and the number of falling water drops of the soil aggregate sample in the water dropping process through the control device 3; real-time display is possible via the display 14;
step 6: after the electric bell 16 sends out a test finishing prompting ring, the display 14 is checked, and test data is recorded; closing the flow controller 10 and the infrared transceiver switch, and cleaning the waste box 4;
and 7: and (3) after the height of the water dripping head 11, the screen 18 or the water storage tank 7 is changed, repeating the steps 1-6 to obtain a plurality of groups of test data.
The utility model discloses the device has simulated under the rainfall condition, and the soil aggregate is at the collapse process under the rainwater impact, and the index of aassessment aggregate stability can be regarded as to the test result, provides the foundation for the erosion research of soil under the rainfall effect. The device of the utility model is simple in structure, installation convenient to use, measurement and variable control are accurate, and water droplet whereabouts height, water droplet size and water droplet density can be adjusted according to the test demand, and aggregate state (whether dispel completely) and aggregate dispel required water droplet quantity completely are by infrared ray transceiver automatic monitoring, discernment, through controlling means 3 records. The number of falling water drops during the test can be displayed in real time by the display 14. The time of testing personnel is greatly saved while the testing precision is improved, and the method has higher popularization value in soil erosion and water and soil conservation research.
Claims (8)
1. The soil aggregate water drop impact disintegration test device is characterized by comprising a vertically arranged support (6) with scales, wherein a water storage tank (7) is arranged on the support (6) through a fixing knob (9); the lower part of the water storage tank (7) is connected with a water diversion guide pipe (8), and one end of the water diversion guide pipe (8) far away from the water storage tank (7) is connected with a water dripping head (11); a flow controller (10) is arranged on the water guide pipe (8); the soil aggregate sample collector is also provided with a screen (18), and a groove for placing a soil aggregate sample is arranged on the screen (18); the position of the groove corresponds to the water dripping head (11); an infrared transmitting and receiving device is arranged above the screen (18) and is used for monitoring and identifying falling water drops and monitoring and identifying the state of soil aggregates; the infrared transmitting and receiving device is connected with the control device (3).
2. The soil aggregate water droplet impact disintegration test device of claim 1, further comprising a device case (2), wherein the lower part of the bracket (6) passes through the device case (2); the screen (18), the infrared transmitting and receiving device and the control device (3) are arranged in the device box body (2); a window (17) is arranged at the position corresponding to the screen (18) on the upper surface of the device box body (2).
3. The soil aggregate water droplet impact disintegration test device of claim 2, wherein a pull-out waste material box (4) is arranged at a corresponding position below the screen (18), and a first handle (5) is arranged on the surface of the waste material box (4).
4. The soil aggregate water droplet impact disintegration test device of claim 2, wherein the lower ends of the device box (2) and the bracket (6) are fixedly arranged on the support (1).
5. A soil aggregate water droplet impact disintegration test apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said support (6) is further provided with a draft shield (12) for preventing air flow.
6. The soil aggregate water droplet impact disintegration test device of claim 1 wherein said infrared transceiver devices are arranged in three groups, one on each of two planes above said screen (18); the first group of infrared transceiving devices comprises a first infrared emitter (19) and a first infrared receiver (20) arranged on a plane located above; the second group of infrared transmitting and receiving devices and the third group of infrared transmitting and receiving devices are arranged on the other plane which is positioned below and close to the screen; the second group of infrared transceiving devices comprises a second infrared transmitter (21) and a second infrared receiver (22); the third group of infrared transceiving devices comprises a third infrared transmitter (23) and a third infrared receiver (24); the straight line of the second group of infrared transceiver is vertical to the straight line of the third group of infrared transceiver; the straight lines of the three groups of infrared receiving and transmitting devices are intersected with the straight line formed by the lower end of the water dripping head (11) and the center of the groove.
7. The soil aggregate water droplet impact disintegration test device of claim 2, further comprising a display (14), wherein the display (14) is connected with the control device (3) and is arranged on the upper surface of the device box (2).
8. The soil aggregate water droplet impact disintegration test device of claim 5, wherein the windshield surrounds four sides, is fixed on three sides, and is connected with the adjacent side through a hinge; the movable surface is provided with a second handle (13).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921508255.3U CN210604639U (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2019-09-11 | Soil aggregate water droplet impact disintegration test device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921508255.3U CN210604639U (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2019-09-11 | Soil aggregate water droplet impact disintegration test device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210604639U true CN210604639U (en) | 2020-05-22 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921508255.3U Withdrawn - After Issue CN210604639U (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2019-09-11 | Soil aggregate water droplet impact disintegration test device |
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| CN (1) | CN210604639U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110487991A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-22 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of soil agreegate water droplet impingement slaking test device and test method |
| CN115628993A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-20 | 西南交通大学 | Soil aggregate stability testing device and method based on shock impact damage |
-
2019
- 2019-09-11 CN CN201921508255.3U patent/CN210604639U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110487991A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-22 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of soil agreegate water droplet impingement slaking test device and test method |
| CN110487991B (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2023-08-15 | 西南交通大学 | Soil aggregate water drop impact disintegration test device and test method |
| CN115628993A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-20 | 西南交通大学 | Soil aggregate stability testing device and method based on shock impact damage |
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Granted publication date: 20200522 Effective date of abandoning: 20230815 |
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Granted publication date: 20200522 Effective date of abandoning: 20230815 |