CN210601589U - Flow state balance pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler - Google Patents
Flow state balance pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN210601589U CN210601589U CN201921654970.8U CN201921654970U CN210601589U CN 210601589 U CN210601589 U CN 210601589U CN 201921654970 U CN201921654970 U CN 201921654970U CN 210601589 U CN210601589 U CN 210601589U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a flow state balance buggy circulation fluidized combustion boiler, including furnace, the buggy spreader in the furnace links to each other with the powder feeding device, and the powder feeding device includes: a pulverized coal pipe for connecting the pulverized coal bunker and the pulverized coal spreader; the closed ring surrounds the periphery of the pulverized coal pipe and is hollow inside, and the closed ring forms an air distribution ring pipe; the powder sowing air input pipe is connected with the air distribution ring pipe; one end of the powder sowing air branch pipe is connected with the air distribution ring pipe, the other end of the powder sowing air branch pipe is connected with the powder sowing air branch pipe of the coal powder pipe, the powder sowing air branch pipe comprises a plurality of powder sowing air branch pipes which are distributed along the circumferential direction of the air distribution ring pipe, the cross-sectional area of each powder sowing air branch pipe is smaller than that of the air distribution ring pipe, and the air distribution ring pipe and the powder sowing air branch pipes form a cone with the small end facing downwards. The flow state balance pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler can effectively avoid pulverized coal accumulation in the pulverized coal pipe, and ensures that pulverized coal can enter a hearth smoothly and timely.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an energy utilization technical field, in particular to flow state balance buggy circulation fluidization combustion boiler.
Background
Pulverized coal boiler is a boiler that has wide application prospect, and the buggy burns in passing through powder feeding device to furnace, but after a period of use, often has the buggy on the buggy pipe wall to pile up, can cause the buggy pipe to block up when serious, and the unable timely abundant of buggy is carried to furnace, finally causes pulverized coal boiler unable normal operating.
Therefore, how to effectively solve the problem of coal dust accumulation in the coal dust pipe to ensure that the coal dust is timely and sufficiently conveyed to the hearth is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a flow state balance buggy circulation fluidization combustion boiler to can effectively solve the accumulational problem of buggy in the buggy pipe, thereby guarantee the transport of the timely capacity of buggy to the furnace in.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a flow state balance buggy circulation fluidized combustion boiler, including furnace, be provided with the buggy spreader in the furnace, just the buggy spreader links to each other with the powder feeding device, the powder feeding device includes:
the pulverized coal pipe is used for connecting the pulverized coal bin and the pulverized coal spreader;
the closed circular ring surrounds the periphery of the pulverized coal pipe and is hollow inside, and the closed circular ring forms an air distribution circular pipe;
the powder sowing air input pipe is connected with the air distribution ring pipe;
one end of the powder sowing air branch pipe is connected with the air distribution ring pipe, the other end of the powder sowing air branch pipe is connected with the pulverized coal pipe, the powder sowing air branch pipes comprise a plurality of powder sowing air branch pipes, the powder sowing air branch pipes are distributed along the circumferential direction of the air distribution ring pipe, the cross-sectional area of each powder sowing air branch pipe is smaller than that of the air distribution ring pipe, and the air distribution ring pipe and the powder sowing air branch pipes form a cone with the small end facing downwards.
Preferably, the air outlet direction of the powder sowing air branch pipe is inclined downwards along the tangential direction of the pulverized coal pipe.
Preferably, a desulfurizer inlet pipe is further integrated on the pulverized coal pipe, and the connection position of the desulfurizer inlet pipe and the pulverized coal pipe is lower than the connection position of the pulverized coal sowing air branch pipe and the pulverized coal pipe.
Preferably, the distance between the pulverized coal spreader and the bed surface is 2-4 m.
Preferably, the lower part of furnace is the fluidized bed combustion chamber, the bed surface below of fluidized bed combustion chamber is provided with once air distribution device, the bed surface top of fluidized bed combustion chamber is provided with secondary air distribution device, the upper portion exit linkage of furnace has cyclone, cyclone's return mouth with fluidized bed combustion chamber intercommunication, the overgrate air port has been seted up on the lateral wall of furnace, the secondary tuber pipe of secondary air distribution device is installed on the overgrate air port, flow state balance buggy circulation fluidization combustion boiler still includes two at least direction rotary vanes that make the overgrate air form whirlwind, the direction rotary vane sets up in the overgrate air port or set up the overgrate air pipe is close to in the one end of overgrate air port.
Preferably, if the guide rotary vane is arranged in the secondary air port, the guide rotary vane is arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the secondary air port; if the guide rotary vane is arranged in the secondary air pipe, the guide rotary vane is arranged along the circumferential direction of the secondary air pipe.
Preferably, in the height direction of the furnace, the secondary tuyere includes a lower secondary tuyere and an upper secondary tuyere higher than the lower secondary tuyere, the upper secondary tuyere and the lower secondary tuyere both include a plurality of secondary tuyeres, and in the height direction of the furnace, the upper secondary tuyere and the lower secondary tuyere are arranged in a staggered manner.
Preferably, the distance between the lower secondary air opening and the distance between the upper secondary air opening and the bed surface are both 3-4 m.
Preferably, the air outlet direction of any secondary air port is downward, and the included angle between the secondary air port and the horizontal plane is 5-30 degrees.
Preferably, the cross sections of the secondary air pipe and the secondary air port are both oblong, or the cross sections of the secondary air pipe and the secondary air port are both oval.
Preferably, the material return port of the cyclone separator is communicated with the fluidized bed combustion chamber through a separation return channel, a self-balancing material return valve is arranged on the separation return channel, and the upper part of the cyclone separator is communicated with the flue.
Preferably, the primary air distribution device comprises a primary air chamber arranged below the bed surface and a primary air pipe connected with the primary air chamber, and the bed surface is provided with an air cap communicated with the primary air chamber.
According to the above technical scheme, the utility model discloses in the circulating fluidized bed combustion boiler disclosed, the buggy spreader in the furnace links to each other with the powder feeding device, use the buggy pipe as the center in the powder feeding device, it is equipped with an annular cloth wind ring canal to enclose in the circumference of buggy pipe, cloth wind ring canal cavity and with broadcast the buggy wind input tube intercommunication, a plurality of broadcasters prop up the circumference distribution of pipe along the cloth wind ring canal, and broadcast buggy wind branch pipe one end and cloth wind ring canal intercommunication, the other end and buggy pipe intercommunication, the cloth wind ring canal forms tip cone down with the broadcasters branch pipe.
After the high-speed powder sowing air enters the powder sowing air input pipe, the high-speed powder sowing air is rapidly distributed to each powder sowing air branch pipe in the powder sowing air input pipe, and the sectional area of each powder sowing air branch pipe is smaller than that of each powder sowing air input pipe, so that the air speed of the powder sowing air is further increased at the powder sowing air branch pipe, strong turbulence is formed in the coal powder pipe after the high-speed powder sowing air in the powder sowing air branch pipes is converged, and the turbulence can strongly wash the coal powder pipe at the downstream of the powder sowing air branch pipes, so that the coal powder accumulation in the coal powder pipe wall is avoided; meanwhile, according to the Venturi effect, the wind speed of the seeding air at the seeding air branch pipe is sharply increased, so that a larger negative pressure is generated at the position of the seeding air branch pipe, a strong suction force can be formed, the pulverized coal can quickly and smoothly enter the pulverized coal pipe, the pulverized coal pipe at the upstream of the seeding air branch pipe can be effectively flushed, and the pulverized coal accumulation in the pulverized coal pipe wall is avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a flow-balanced pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an included angle formed between the secondary tuyere and a horizontal plane;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a guide vane at a secondary tuyere in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a guide vane of an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a guide vane at a secondary tuyere in another embodiment;
fig. 6 is a schematic front view of the powder feeding device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of fig. 6 taken along direction a.
The device comprises a material feeding pipe 1, a primary air chamber 2, a fluidized bed combustion chamber 3, a secondary air duct 4, a desulfurizer inlet pipe 5, a secondary air main pipe 6, a pulverized coal pipe 7, a hearth 8, a cyclone separator 9, a flue 10, an economizer 11, an air preheater 12, a self-balancing return valve 13, a superheater 14, a secondary air pipe 15, a membrane wall 16, a secondary air port 151, a guide vane 152, a cooling pipe 161, a pulverized coal seeding air input pipe 71, an air distribution ring pipe 72 and a pulverized coal seeding branch pipe 73.
Detailed Description
The core of the utility model is to provide a flow state balance buggy circulation fluidization combustion boiler to can effectively solve the accumulational problem of buggy in the buggy pipe, thereby guarantee the transport of the timely capacity of buggy to the furnace in.
The fluidized-bed-balanced pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler disclosed in the embodiment comprises a hearth 8, a fluidized bed combustion chamber 3 is arranged at the lower part of the hearth 8, a primary air distribution device is arranged below the bed surface of the fluidized bed combustion chamber 3, a secondary air distribution device is arranged above the bed surface of the fluidized bed combustion chamber 3, a pulverized coal spreader capable of uniformly spreading pulverized coal on the bed surface is arranged in the hearth 8, the pulverized coal spreader is connected with the above-mentioned pulverized coal feeding device, please refer to fig. 1, fig. 6 and fig. 7 at the same time, the pulverized coal feeding device comprises a pulverized coal pipe 7, an air distribution annular pipe 72, a pulverized coal feeding air input pipe 71 and a pulverized coal feeding air side pipe 73, the pulverized coal pipe 7 is arranged in the hearth 8 and used for connecting the pulverized coal spreader with a pulverized coal bin storing pulverized coal so as to provide pulverized coal into the fluidized bed combustion chamber 3, optionally, the height range of the pulverized coal spreader from the bed surface to the fluidized bed combustion chamber 3 can be 2m to 4m, the air distribution circular pipe 72 is a hollow closed circular ring surrounding the periphery of the pulverized coal pipe 7, the pulverized coal feeding input pipe 71 is communicated with the air distribution circular pipe 72 so as to convey the pulverized coal feeding into the air distribution circular pipe 72, one end of the pulverized coal feeding branch pipe 73 is communicated with the inner cavity of the air distribution circular pipe 72, the other end of the pulverized coal feeding branch pipe 73 is communicated with the pulverized coal pipe 7, the pulverized coal feeding branch pipes 73 include a plurality of branches, and the pulverized coal feeding branch pipes 73 are distributed (for example, four branches are uniformly arranged) along the circumferential direction of the air distribution circular pipe 72, please refer to fig. 6, the air distribution circular pipe 72 and the pulverized coal feeding branch pipes 73 form a cone with the small ends facing.
After entering the powder sowing air input pipe, the high-speed powder sowing air is rapidly distributed to each powder sowing air branch pipe 73 in the powder sowing air input pipe 71, and the sectional area of each powder sowing air branch pipe 73 is smaller than that of the powder sowing air input pipe 71, so that the air speed of the powder sowing air is further increased at the powder sowing air branch pipes 73, strong turbulence is formed in the coal powder pipe 7 after the high-speed powder sowing air in the powder sowing air branch pipes 73 is converged, and the turbulence can strongly wash the coal powder pipe 7 at the downstream of the powder sowing air branch pipes 73, so that the coal powder accumulation in the coal powder pipe wall is avoided; meanwhile, according to the venturi effect, as the wind speed of the pulverized coal feeding wind at the position of the pulverized coal feeding wind branch pipe 73 is increased sharply, a large negative pressure is generated at the position of the pulverized coal feeding wind branch pipe 73, so that a strong suction force can be formed, pulverized coal can enter the pulverized coal pipe 7 quickly and smoothly, the pulverized coal pipe 7 at the upstream of the pulverized coal feeding wind branch pipe 73 can be effectively flushed, and pulverized coal accumulation in the wall of the pulverized coal pipe is avoided.
It should be noted that the pulverized coal feeding air is specifically airflow for carrying pulverized coal into a furnace, and the air distribution ring pipe 72 and the pulverized coal feeding air branch pipe 73 form a cone with a small end facing downward, so that the pulverized coal feeding air branch pipe 73 is inclined downward, which can effectively prevent the pulverized coal from being accumulated on the pipe wall of the pulverized coal feeding air branch pipe 73, thereby improving the conveying efficiency of the pulverized coal.
Preferably, the outlet direction of the powder spreading air branch pipes 73 is inclined downward along a tangent line of the pulverized coal pipe 7, specifically, the connecting position of the powder spreading air branch pipes 73 and the pulverized coal pipe is at a tangential position of the inner wall of the pulverized coal pipe, the ports of the powder spreading air branch pipes 73 are inclined downward, and the inclined directions of the ports of the plurality of powder spreading air branch pipes 73 are consistent, so that the pulverized coal spreading air forms a rotational flow. As shown in fig. 7, the pulverized coal blowing air blown from the plurality of pulverized coal blowing branch pipes 73 forms a rotational flow and drives the pulverized coal to form a turbulent flow, and the spiral turbulent flow can further prevent the pulverized coal from accumulating on the pipe wall or at a corner, so that the pulverized coal fuel can be ensured to have an excellent spreading effect.
A media bed material inlet pipe and a desulfurizer inlet pipe 5 can be further arranged in the side wall of the hearth 8, and the media bed material inlet pipe and the desulfurizer inlet pipe 5 are both communicated with the fluidized bed combustor 3 so as to correspondingly supply media bed materials and desulfurizer to the fluidized bed combustor 3. The pulverized coal spreader, the media bed material inlet pipe and the desulfurizer inlet pipe 5 respectively feed into the hearth 8, so that pulverized coal fuel, media materials and desulfurizer can be ensured to uniformly enter the hearth 8, and various fuels for combustion can timely enter the hearth 8.
As a preferable mode, the desulfurizer inlet pipe 5 may be integrally disposed on the pulverized coal pipe 7, as shown in fig. 6, which may effectively improve the structural compactness of the whole flow state balance pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler, and in order to smoothly bring the desulfurizer into the furnace, the connection position of the desulfurizer inlet pipe 5 and the pulverized coal pipe 7 is lower than the connection position of the pulverized coal seeding air branch pipe 73 and the pulverized coal pipe 7.
Please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 3, in the fluidized-bed-balanced pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler disclosed in this embodiment, the outlet at the upper part of the furnace 8 is connected with the cyclone separator 9, the material return port of the cyclone separator 9 is communicated with the fluidized bed combustion chamber 3, the side wall of the furnace 8 is provided with the secondary air port 151, the secondary air distribution pipe device comprises a secondary air blower, a secondary air duct 4 connected with the secondary air blower, a secondary air main pipe 6 connected with the secondary air duct 4, and a secondary air pipe 15 connected with the secondary air main pipe 6, the secondary air pipe 15 is installed on the secondary air port 151, in addition, the fluidized-bed-balanced pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler further comprises at least two guiding rotary vanes 152 which are matched with each other, so that the secondary air forms a cyclone, the guiding rotary vanes 152 can be arranged in the secondary air port 151 or in one end of the secondary air pipe 15 close to the secondary air port 151, as shown in fig. 4.
The circulating fluidized combustion boiler is a primary oxygen-deficient combustion boiler, and a secondary oxygen-enriched combustion boiler, because the guide rotary vanes are additionally arranged, secondary air can be blown out from a secondary air port in a rotating manner, the disturbance effect and the penetrating power of the secondary air are obviously enhanced, the secondary air enters a hearth to enable a local area of the hearth to generate a rolling rotational flow, and the rotational flow has strong penetrating power and can penetrate into the lower part of the hearth, so that the secondary air and fuel are fully mixed and combusted, the oxygen-enriched combustion time of the material on the upper part of the hearth is prolonged, various components of pulverized coal are fully combusted, and the combustion efficiency of the fuel is improved; on the other hand, the secondary air penetrating to the lower part of the hearth also effectively reduces the combustion temperature at the lower part of the hearth;
the cyclone separator can capture unburned particles and return the particles to the hearth for secondary combustion, so that the problem of high residual carbon content in fly ash caused by low-temperature combustion can be effectively solved, and simultaneously, compared with the temperature of the hearth, the temperature of the unburned solid particles separated by the cyclone separator is lower, so that the combustion temperature in the hearth is further reduced by the unburned solid particles returned to the fluidized bed combustion chamber by the cyclone separator;
the fluidized bed combustion chamber bottom is for lack oxygen burning by itself, and combustion temperature is lower, combines the effect of secondary air distribution device and cyclone, can make the interior temperature control of furnace at 830 ℃ to 890 ℃ within range, and this temperature range is the desulfurated optimum temperature range in the stove, therefore can effectively reduce the sulfur dioxide's in the flue gas content to can also effectively restrain nitrogen oxide's production in this temperature range, this original emission concentration who has just very big reduction nitrogen oxide, therefore just also reduce boiler flue gas and handle the degree of difficulty and treatment cost.
In an embodiment, the guiding rotary vanes 152 are disposed in the secondary air port 151, please refer to fig. 3 and 5, the number of the guiding rotary vanes 152 may be 2, 3, 4, etc., and the guiding rotary vanes 152 are disposed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the secondary air port 151, as a preferable mode, the guiding rotary vanes 152 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the secondary air port 151, that is, the central angles between any two adjacent guiding rotary vanes 152 are equal, which may further enhance the rotating force of the secondary air, thereby enhancing the penetrating force of the secondary air and the blending effect with the fuel; in another embodiment, the guiding rotary vanes 152 are disposed in the secondary air duct, the number of the guiding rotary vanes 152 may be 2, 3, 4, etc., and the guiding rotary vanes 152 are disposed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the secondary air duct 15, and preferably, the guiding rotary vanes 152 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the secondary air duct 15, that is, the central angles between any two adjacent guiding rotary vanes 152 are equal.
The surface of the guide rotary vane 152 may be a curved surface, and such a guide rotary vane 152 is referred to as a curved surface guide vane, and when the curved surface guide vane is arranged along the circumferential direction of the secondary air inlet 151 or the secondary air duct 15, the curved surface guide vane may guide the air flow by means of its own curved surface shape, so that the air flow forms a cyclone, as shown in fig. 4, one side of the curved surface guide vane is a fixed side for connecting with the secondary air inlet 151 or the secondary air duct 15, and the other side is a guide side, and as a preferable mode, the thickness of the guide rotary vane 152 is gradually reduced from the fixed side to the guide side, as shown in fig. 3 and 4. Generally, the guide vane 152 may be connected to the inner wall of the secondary air inlet 151 or the secondary air duct 4 by welding, and the fixed side having a larger thickness may facilitate the welding of the guide vane 152.
Of course, the surface of the guiding rotary vane 152 may also be a plane, as shown in fig. 5, the guiding rotary vane 152 is called a plane guiding vane, when the cross sections of the secondary air duct 15 and the secondary air opening 151 are circular, the guiding rotary vane 152 is installed at the same included angle with the center lines of the secondary air duct 15 and the secondary air opening 151 to change the direction of the secondary air, the installation can make the secondary air passing through the secondary air duct 15 and the secondary air opening 151 form a cyclone, and the plane guiding vane can also be connected with the secondary air duct 15 and the secondary air opening 151 by welding.
Further, in the flow state balance pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler disclosed in this embodiment, the secondary air ports 151 in the secondary air distribution device are also arranged in multiple layers, and in the height direction of the furnace 8, the secondary air ports 151 at least include a lower layer secondary air port and an upper layer secondary air port higher than the lower layer secondary air port, and of course, the secondary air ports 151 may also be arranged in three or four layers. Two-layer secondary air ports are shown in fig. 3 as an example, and as understood by referring to fig. 1, the upper-layer secondary air port and the lower-layer secondary air port may be respectively disposed at the left and right sides of the furnace 8, and the secondary air port 151 may be disposed at the middle lower portion of the side wall of the furnace 8.
The arrangement of upper and lower two-layer overgrate air can make the torrent on furnace 8 upper portion more complicated, and air current and more abundant mixture of fuel, and the quantity of overgrate air 151 can set up according to actual need, as an optimal mode, upper strata overgrate air with lower floor's overgrate air all includes a plurality ofly to in furnace 8's direction of height, upper strata overgrate air and lower floor's overgrate air staggered arrangement mutually, as shown in figure 3, the overgrate air is sent into respectively from furnace 8's the left and right sides, and two-layer overgrate air 151 staggered arrangement about every side divides can make the overgrate air arrange more evenly, makes the more abundant of fuel burning.
In order to further enhance the penetration capability of the secondary air, in this embodiment, the air outlet direction of each secondary air port 151 is not a horizontal direction, but is inclined downward and has an included angle of 5 ° to 30 ° (inclusive) with the horizontal plane, preferably, the air outlet direction of each secondary air port 151 is inclined downward and has an included angle of 10 ° to 25 ° (inclusive) with the horizontal plane, and the air outlet direction of each secondary air port 151 adopts an inclined downward angle, so that the secondary air and the primary air fed in from the bottom of the furnace 8 can form convection, which can further enhance the fluidization degree of the bed material and the fuel, and enhance the oxygen-enriched combustion effect of the dilute phase zone of the furnace 8.
It should be noted that the included angle between the air outlet direction of any two secondary air ports 151 and the horizontal plane may be equal or unequal, as shown in fig. 2, the included angle between the upper secondary air port and the horizontal plane is α, and the included angle between the lower secondary air port and the horizontal plane is β and β, which may be equal or unequal.
The distance range between the lower layer secondary air opening and the upper layer secondary air opening and the bed surface in the hearth 8 is 3 m-4 m, for example, 3m, 3.5m and 4m or other height values in the range.
Most of the conventional secondary air ducts 15 and secondary air ports 151 are rectangular cross sections, and the air has a large resistance when flowing through the secondary air ducts 15 and the secondary air ports 151 with rectangular cross sections, so that the loss of kinetic energy is large, and finally the penetration force of the secondary air is poor.
As shown in fig. 1, the primary air distribution device comprises a primary air chamber 2 arranged below the bed surface and a primary air pipe connected with the primary air chamber 2, an air cap communicated with the primary air chamber 2 is arranged on the bed surface, an overhaul discharging pipe 1 can be arranged in the middle of the fluidized bed combustion chamber 3, and the overhaul discharging pipe 1 extends out of the primary air chamber 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the material return port of the cyclone 9 is communicated with the fluidized bed combustion chamber 3 through a separation return channel, a self-balancing material return valve 13 is arranged on the separation return channel, and the upper part of the cyclone 9 is communicated with the flue.
It should be noted that the fractional cut particle size is a generic term in the art and refers to the smallest particle size that a cyclone can separate.
In the fluidized combustion boiler for circulating and fluidizing pulverized coal in a state of equilibrium, steam is generated by the cooperation of the medium material circulating combustion system, the air supply and distribution system and the heat exchange system. The medium material circulating combustion system comprises a hearth 8 and a powder feeding device, and the air feeding and distributing system comprises a primary air device and a secondary air device; the heat exchange system comprises a membrane wall and a flue in the hearth 8, the membrane wall can be a water-cooling membrane wall, each secondary air port 151 is arranged between two adjacent cold pipes 161 of the water-cooling membrane wall, and one or more cold pipes 161 are arranged between two adjacent secondary air ports 151 in the same layer at intervals, as shown in fig. 3.
The primary air chamber 2 is arranged below the fluidized bed combustion chamber 3, and primary air enters the fluidized bed combustion chamber 3 from bottom to top to enable materials to form a fluidized state and enable coal powder to perform anoxic combustion; the secondary air pipe 15 lets in the overgrate air to furnace 8 to make the formation oxygen boosting combustion atmosphere above furnace 8, the sufficiency of buggy burning can be improved to the cooperation of primary air and overgrate air, the overgrate air penetrating power is strong, send the air distribution effect better, and simultaneously, because the export of overgrate air pipe 15 and overgrate air inlet 151 is oval or long circle, consequently the air inlet resistance is less, be favorable to the high-efficient burning of buggy, and be favorable to practicing thrift the required energy that consumes of overfire fan and whole boiler.
As shown in fig. 1, the flue system is provided with over heater 14, economizer 11 and air heater 12 from top to bottom once, and economizer 11 and air heater 12 all can the level be arranged to do benefit to and reduce the flue gas resistance, and shell and tube air heater can be chooseed for use to air heater 12, and this kind of air heater 12's leakproofness is good, and heat transfer efficiency is high, and easily make and process, over heater 14 can be the suspension type and arrange perpendicularly in the flue, so that improve the installation convenience when guaranteeing the heat transfer efficiency.
The utility model also discloses a combustion method of above-mentioned flow state balance buggy circulation fluidization combustion boiler, specifically include:
the desulfurizing agent, the media bed material and the coal powder are fed into the fluidized bed combustion chamber 3, primary air and secondary air are fed into the fluidized bed combustion chamber 3 through a primary air distribution device and a secondary air distribution device, the total volume ratio of the primary air to the secondary air ranges from 4:6 to 5:5, and optionally, the total volume ratio of the primary air to the secondary air can be 4:6, 5:5 or other ratios in the ratio range.
In the above embodiment, by adjusting the ratio of the primary air to the secondary air, the primary air can be ensured to satisfy the fluidization state and create an anoxic combustion environment in the fluidized bed combustor 3 to reduce the temperature of the furnace 8, and the secondary air can be ensured to satisfy the oxygen-enriched combustion at the upper part of the furnace 8 to fully burn out various combustible components of the pulverized coal, and the pulverized coal is combusted according to the sequence of combining the fuel and the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched combustion environment, so that the fuel type NO is reduced to the maximum extentxThe original concentration of the nitrogen oxides in the smoke is effectively reduced.
On the basis of the embodiment, the desulfurizer can be limestone with the grain size of 50 meshes to 100 meshes, the media bed material can be inert media material with the grain size of 1mm to 3mm, the inert media material can be formed by mixing one or more of kaolin, dolomite, silicon oxide and boiler slag, the average grain size of the coal powder can be 50 meshes to 100 meshes, and the deflagration of the coal powder can be effectively avoided if the average grain size of the coal powder is less than 3 mm.
In the embodiment, through reasonably setting the fuel particle size distribution and the calcium carbonate particle size of the desulfurizer and matching with the efficient cyclone separator 9, the self balance of the material fluidization state can be realized (namely, slag discharging is not needed, and a slag discharging port is not needed to be arranged at the bottom of the self-balance return valve), the combustion in the furnace is reasonably organized, the efficient combustion of pulverized coal, the desulfurization in the furnace and the nitrate reduction can be realized, and the SO in the flue gas can be greatly reduced2And NOxThe original emission concentration of pollutants reduces the pollution to the environment.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the temperature range in the furnace 8 and the fluidized-bed combustor 3 is controlled to be 830 to 890 ℃.
In the embodiment, a low-furnace temperature design is adopted, when limestone is used as a desulfurizing agent, the optimal temperature environment is created for the in-furnace desulfurization by the combustion temperature of a hearth of 830-890 ℃, and the desulfurization rate can reach 95% by the aid of the high-efficiency separation capacity of the cyclone separator under the condition of a proper calcium-sulfur molar ratio.
It is right above that the utility model provides a flow state balance buggy circulation fluidization combustion boiler has carried out the detailed introduction. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been explained herein using specific examples, and the above descriptions of the embodiments are only used to help understand the method and its core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can be further modified and modified, and such modifications and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a flow state balance buggy circulation fluidization combustion boiler, includes furnace (8), its characterized in that, be provided with buggy spreader in the furnace, just buggy spreader links to each other with the powder feeding device, the powder feeding device includes:
a pulverized coal pipe (7) for connecting the pulverized coal bunker and the pulverized coal spreader;
the closed circular ring surrounds the periphery of the pulverized coal pipe (7) and is hollow inside, and the closed circular ring forms an air distribution circular pipe (72);
a powder spreading air input pipe (71) connected with the air distribution ring pipe (72);
one end of the powder air spreading ring pipe (72) is connected, the other end of the powder air spreading branch pipe (73) is connected to the coal powder pipe (7), the powder air spreading branch pipes (73) comprise a plurality of powder air spreading branch pipes (73), the powder air spreading branch pipes (73) are distributed along the circumferential direction of the powder air spreading ring pipe (72), the cross-sectional area of the powder air spreading branch pipes (73) is smaller than that of the powder air spreading ring pipe (72), and the powder air spreading ring pipe (72) and the powder air spreading branch pipes (73) form a cone with the small end facing downwards.
2. The fluidized-bed equilibrium pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler according to claim 1, wherein the outlet direction of the pulverized coal-feeding air branch pipe (73) is inclined downward along the tangent of the pulverized coal pipe (7).
3. The fluidized-bed equilibrium pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler according to claim 1, wherein a desulfurizer inlet pipe (5) is further integrated on the pulverized coal pipe (7), and the connection position of the desulfurizer inlet pipe (5) and the pulverized coal pipe (7) is lower than the connection position of the pulverized coal-seeding air branch pipe (73) and the pulverized coal pipe (7).
4. The fluidized-bed-balanced pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower part of the furnace (8) is a fluidized-bed combustion chamber (3), a primary air distribution device is arranged below the bed surface of the fluidized-bed combustion chamber (3), a secondary air distribution device is arranged above the bed surface of the fluidized-bed combustion chamber (3), the outlet at the upper part of the furnace (8) is connected with a cyclone separator (9), the material return port of the cyclone separator (9) is communicated with the fluidized-bed combustion chamber (3), a secondary air port (151) is arranged on the side wall of the furnace (8), a secondary air pipe (15) of the secondary air distribution device is arranged on the secondary air port (151), the fluidized-balanced pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler further comprises at least two guide rotary vanes (152) for forming secondary air into cyclone, and the guide rotary vanes (152) are arranged in the secondary air port (151) or are arranged in the secondary air pipe (15) close to the secondary air pipe (15) And one end of the secondary air opening (151) is arranged inside.
5. The fluidized-bed equilibrium pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler according to claim 4, wherein if the guide vanes (152) are provided in the secondary tuyere (151), the guide vanes (152) are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the secondary tuyere (151); if the guide rotary vane (152) is arranged in the secondary air pipe (15), the guide rotary vane (152) is arranged along the circumferential direction of the secondary air pipe (15).
6. The fluidized-bed equilibrium pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler according to claim 4, wherein the secondary tuyere (151) includes a lower secondary tuyere and an upper secondary tuyere higher than the lower secondary tuyere in the height direction of the furnace (8), the upper secondary tuyere and the lower secondary tuyere each include a plurality of secondary tuyeres, and the upper secondary tuyere and the lower secondary tuyere are arranged in a staggered manner in the height direction of the furnace (8).
7. The flow state balance pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler according to any one of claims 4-6, wherein the air outlet direction of any one of the secondary air ports (151) is downward and the included angle between the secondary air port and the horizontal plane is 5-30 degrees.
8. The fluidized-bed equilibrium pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler according to claim 7, wherein the cross-sections of the secondary air duct (15) and the secondary air port (151) are both oblong, or the cross-sections of the secondary air duct (15) and the secondary air port (151) are both oval.
9. The fluidized-bed balanced pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler according to claim 4, wherein a material return port of the cyclone separator (9) is communicated with the fluidized bed combustion chamber (3) through a separation return channel, a self-balancing material return valve (13) is arranged on the separation return channel, and the upper part of the cyclone separator (9) is communicated with a flue.
10. The fluidized-bed equilibrium pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler according to claim 4, wherein the primary air distribution device comprises a primary air chamber (2) arranged below the bed surface and a primary air pipe connected with the primary air chamber (2), and the bed surface is provided with an air cap communicated with the primary air chamber (2).
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| CN110542079A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-06 | 青岛特利尔环保集团股份有限公司 | flow state balance pulverized coal circulating fluidized combustion boiler and combustion method thereof |
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