CN210587164U - Degreasing furnace for improving magnetic property of powder alnico magnet - Google Patents
Degreasing furnace for improving magnetic property of powder alnico magnet Download PDFInfo
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- CN210587164U CN210587164U CN201921018232.4U CN201921018232U CN210587164U CN 210587164 U CN210587164 U CN 210587164U CN 201921018232 U CN201921018232 U CN 201921018232U CN 210587164 U CN210587164 U CN 210587164U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device for improving the magnetic property of a powder alnico magnet, which is arranged in a resistance furnace, wherein the degreasing furnace comprises a cavity and a product box which is arranged in the cavity and used for accommodating a product; the degreasing furnace is provided with a hydrogen inlet pipe and a hydrogen outlet pipe, and the openings of the hydrogen inlet pipe and the hydrogen outlet pipe extend out of the resistance furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the utility model provides an embodiment relates to powder metallurgy technical field, concretely relates to improve device of powder alnico magnet magnetic property.
Background
The alnico magnet has two manufacturing processes, namely a casting process and a powder metallurgy process. Under the same formula, the cast alnico has higher density and better magnetism than the alnico powder metallurgy. In the manufacturing process of the powder sintered alnico magnet, 0.2-0.5% of zinc stearate (C36H70O4Zn/Zn (C18H35O2)2) is added as a lubricant and a release agent during the material preparation for facilitating the release during the forming. The product is directly sintered in a vacuum furnace after being formed, so that the residual zinc stearate in the sintered alnico magnet is too high, the density of the magnet is influenced, and a furnace body and a vacuum system of the vacuum furnace are polluted.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides an improve technology and device of powder alnico magnet magnetic property to remaining zinc stearate is too high in the alnico magnet after sintering among the solution prior art, influences the density of magnet, pollutes vacuum furnace body and vacuum system's problem.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
according to the utility model discloses an aspect provides an improve technology of powder alnico magnet magnetic property, includes following step:
step one, burdening and forming: after fully mixing various powder materials, pressing by using a dry powder press to obtain a product;
step two, degreasing: degreasing the pressed product in the step one for later use;
step three, vacuum sintering: putting the degreased product into a sintering container, then burying the product in white corundum, and sintering the product in a vacuum sintering furnace;
step four, heat treatment: adopting a high-temperature box furnace with the temperature of 1200-1300 ℃ for solid melting, keeping the temperature for 2-30min, discharging, air cooling for 30 seconds, then transferring to a magnetic field for temperature control treatment for 10-30min, and then carrying out tempering and aging treatment;
step five, grinding and finishing: and processing the heat-treated product by adopting a grinding machine.
Further, the degreasing comprises the following steps:
(1) the temperature of the resistance furnace is set to be 400-450 ℃, the temperature of the AQ type ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device is set to be 850-950 ℃, and the temperature of the FC type gas purification device is set to be 350-450 ℃;
(2) placing the formed product into a product box, then placing the product into a degreasing furnace, and sealing the degreasing furnace;
(3) filling argon into the sealed degreasing furnace in the step (2) for purging for 1min, filling hydrogen into the AQ type ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device, then performing a detonation experiment, and igniting the hydrogen to open after hearing a crisp sound;
(4) pushing the degreasing furnace into a hearth of a resistance furnace, and keeping the temperature for 60-90 min; then the degreasing furnace is moved out of the hearth of the resistance furnace, and air is blown for cooling;
(5) cooling to below 50 ℃, turning off hydrogen, switching off argon and cooling for 1-5 min;
(6) and opening the degreasing furnace, taking out the product, and transferring to a vacuum sintering process.
Furthermore, the density of the product pressed by a dry powder press is 5.0-6.1 g/cm3。
Further, the process for improving the magnetic property of the powder alnico magnet further comprises a sixth step of detecting a product after grinding and finish machining by using a permanent magnet tester or a fluxmeter.
Further, the aging treatment process by using a tempering furnace comprises the following steps: preserving heat for 1-4 hours in an environment with the temperature of 620-640 ℃, preserving heat for 4-6 hours in an environment with the temperature of 580-610 ℃, preserving heat for 8-12 hours in an environment with the temperature of 550-570 ℃, cooling along with a furnace, and discharging the product when the temperature is reduced to below 250 ℃.
Further, the vacuum sintering furnace in the third step is a bedroom vacuum sintering furnace, the treatment process comprises the steps of firstly preserving heat for 1 hour in the environment with the temperature of 0-400 ℃, then preserving heat for 1 hour in the environment with the temperature of 400 ℃, then preserving heat for 2 hours in the environment with the temperature of 400-900 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours in the environment with the temperature of 900-1350 ℃, preserving heat for 5 hours in the environment with the temperature of 1350 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, and discharging the furnace when the temperature is reduced to below 200 ℃.
According to the utility model discloses the first aspect of embodiment provides one kind be applied to improve the degrease stove of powder alnico magnet magnetic property technology, this degrease stove sets up in resistance furnace, the degrease stove include the cavity and set up the product box that is used for holding the product in the cavity.
Furthermore, a hydrogen inlet pipe and a hydrogen outlet pipe are arranged on the degreasing furnace, and openings of the hydrogen inlet pipe and the hydrogen outlet pipe extend out of the resistance furnace.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a have following advantage: the embodiment of the utility model provides an improve technology and device of powder alnico magnet magnetic property, through the utility model discloses a degreasing process can discharge most zinc stearate in the product. The density of the product is obviously improved after vacuum sintering, and the magnetic property of the product after heat treatment is also obviously improved. The utility model discloses its principle is that the product that contains zinc stearate is heated to 400 and is increased one's charge 500 ℃ through resistance furnace under the protection of hydrogen and keeps warm after 60 ~ 90 minutes. Cooling to normal temperature under the protection of hydrogen, and taking out the product. In the process, the zinc stearate and hydrogen gas are subjected to chemical reaction and the zinc stearate is subjected to self physical reaction, so that most of the zinc stearate in the product is discharged, and the density of the sintered product is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a degreasing furnace provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing a sintering curve in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a heat treatment quenching curve in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the aging curve of the heat treatment in example 4 of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-resistance furnace; 2, a cavity; 3, a product box; 4-hydrogen inlet pipe; 5, a hydrogen outlet pipe; 6, obtaining the product.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of specific embodiments, and other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a process for improving the magnetic property of a powder alnico magnet, which comprises the following steps:
step one, burdening and forming: selecting raw materials, pressing by using a dry powder press after molding to obtain a product;
step two, degreasing: degreasing the pressed product in the step one for later use;
step three, vacuum sintering: putting the degreased product into a sintering container, then burying the product in white corundum, and sintering the product in a vacuum sintering furnace;
step four, heat treatment: solidifying and melting by adopting a high-temperature box furnace at 1260-1300 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-30min, discharging, air cooling for 30 seconds, transferring to a magnetic field for temperature control treatment for 15-20min, and finally performing aging treatment by adopting a pit type tempering furnace to obtain a product;
step five, grinding and finishing: and processing the heat-treated product by adopting a grinding machine.
Furthermore, the density of the product pressed by a dry powder press is 5.0-6.1 g/cm3。
Further, the process for improving the magnetic property of the powder alnico magnet further comprises a sixth step of detecting a product after grinding and finish machining by using a permanent magnet tester.
Further, the aging treatment process by using a well-type tempering furnace comprises the following steps: preserving heat for 1-4 hours in an environment with the temperature of 620-640 ℃, preserving heat for 4-6 hours in an environment with the temperature of 580-610 ℃, preserving heat for 8-12 hours in an environment with the temperature of 550-570 ℃, cooling along with a furnace, and discharging the product when the temperature is reduced to below 250 ℃.
Further, the vacuum sintering furnace in the third step is a bedroom vacuum sintering furnace, the treatment process comprises the steps of firstly preserving heat for 1 hour in the environment with the temperature of 0-400 ℃, then preserving heat for 1 hour in the environment with the temperature of 400 ℃, then preserving heat for 2 hours in the environment with the temperature of 400-900 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours in the environment with the temperature of 900-1350 ℃, preserving heat for 5 hours in the environment with the temperature of 1350 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, and discharging the furnace when the temperature is reduced to below 200 ℃.
Example 2
On the basis of the scheme of the embodiment 1, the degreasing comprises the following steps:
(1) the temperature of the resistance furnace is set to be 400-450 ℃, the temperature of the AQ type ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device is set to be 850-950 ℃, and the temperature of the FC type gas purification device is set to be 350-450 ℃;
(2) placing the formed product into a box, and then placing the box into a degreasing furnace for sealing;
(3) filling argon into the sealed degreasing furnace in the step (2) for purging for 1min, filling hydrogen into the AQ type ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device, then performing a detonation experiment, and igniting the hydrogen to open after hearing a crisp sound;
(4) pushing the degreasing furnace into a hearth of a resistance furnace, and keeping the temperature for 60-90 min; then the degreasing furnace is moved out of the hearth of the resistance furnace, and air is blown for cooling;
(5) cooling to below 50 ℃, and turning off hydrogen to switch argon blowing for 1 min;
(6) and opening the degreasing furnace, taking out the product, and transferring to a vacuum sintering process.
The degreasing process provided by the embodiment can remove most of zinc stearate. The density of the product is obviously improved after vacuum sintering, and the magnetic property of the product is also obviously improved after heat treatment. The utility model discloses its principle is that the product that contains zinc stearate is heated to 460 degrees through the resistance furnace under the protection of hydrogen and keeps warm after 1 ~ 1.5 hours. Cooling to normal temperature under the protection of hydrogen, and taking out the product. In the process, zinc stearate and hydrogen gas are subjected to chemical reaction and physical reaction, so that most of zinc stearate in the product is removed.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a be applied to improve degrease stove of powder alnico magnet magnetic property technology, this degrease stove sets up in resistance furnace 1, degrease stove include cavity 2 and set up the product box 3 that is used for holding product 6 in cavity 2.
Furthermore, an upper hydrogen inlet pipe 4 and a hydrogen outlet pipe 5 of the degreasing furnace are arranged, and openings of the upper hydrogen inlet pipe 4 and the hydrogen outlet pipe 5 extend out of the resistance furnace.
Example 4
1. Preparing materials: the materials are mixed according to a formula and a process of SAlNiCo35/5
2. Molding: phi 11 is 16 round rod, the single weight is 9.11 g, and the total weight is 300 pieces. A dry powder press is adopted, and the pressing density is controlled to be 5-6.1 g/cm according to the die blank3。
3. Taking 150 products for degreasing, wherein the degreasing process is as follows:
a. the temperature of the resistance furnace is set to 460 ℃, the temperature of the AQ type ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device is set to 900 ℃, and the temperature of the FC type gas purification device is set to 380 ℃;
b. putting the phi 11 and 16 products into a box, putting the box into a degreasing furnace, and screwing a sealing plate;
c. argon is filled for purging for 1 minute, and then hydrogen is filled;
d. a detonation experiment is carried out, and the hydrogen gas opening is ignited after a crisp sound is heard;
e. pushing the degreasing furnace into a hearth of the resistance furnace;
f. preserving the temperature for 70 minutes;
g. after the product is insulated, the degreasing furnace is moved out of the resistance furnace hearth, and air is blown for cooling;
f. cooling to below 50 ℃, and turning off hydrogen to switch argon blowing for 1 minute;
h. and opening the sealing cover, taking out the product, and transferring to a vacuum sintering process.
4. And (3) vacuum sintering: opening 150 degreased and non-degreased products into a sintering boat respectively, filling the mark, burying the mark with white corundum, sintering the products by a vacuum sintering furnace according to the SAiNiCo35/5 process, and adopting a bedroom vacuum sintering furnace.
And (2) sintering by adopting a conventional sintering process, wherein the process curve is as follows, firstly, heat preservation is carried out for 1 hour in the environment with the temperature of 0-400 ℃, then, heat preservation is carried out for 1 hour in the environment with the temperature of 400 ℃, then, heat preservation is carried out for 2 hours in the environment with the temperature of 400-900 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 2 hours in the environment with the temperature of 900-1350 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 5 hours in the environment with the temperature of 1350 ℃, furnace cooling is carried out, and the temperature is reduced to below 200 ℃ and is taken out of the furnace.
After sintering, randomly selecting 10 products and testing the density by adopting a drainage method as follows:
5. and (3) heat treatment: adopting a high-temperature box furnace for solid melting at 1280 ℃, preserving heat for 20 minutes, after discharging, air cooling for 30 seconds, transferring to a magnetic field for temperature control treatment for 20 minutes, and finally adopting a pit type tempering furnace for aging treatment, wherein the process comprises the following steps: preserving heat for 3 hours at 620 ℃, preserving heat for 6 hours at 590 ℃, preserving heat for 12 hours at 560 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, and discharging from the furnace at the temperature below 250 ℃.
6. Grinding and finishing, and using a coreless grinding machine, model M1050A, a Wuxi machine tool of manufacturers. The outer diameter of the processed product is 10.2mm, and the height of the processed product is 15mm by using a surface grinder, model M7475B, a manufacturer Shanghai machine tool factory.
7. A permanent magnet tester with the model of TPS-200H is adopted, and a standard sample block is transmitted by a Chinese measurement institute in a permanent-elegant technology limited company in Lobottomed of Hunan province, and magnetic performance is detected as follows:
the magnetic properties after the degreasing treatment were as follows
The magnetic properties without degreasing are as follows
Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to the general description and the specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made based on the invention. Therefore, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides an improve degrease stove of powder alnico magnet magnetic property technology, this degrease stove is arranged in resistance furnace, its characterized in that: the degreasing furnace comprises a cavity and a product box which is used for containing products in the cavity.
2. The degreasing furnace for improving the magnetic property of the powder alnico magnet as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the degreasing furnace is provided with a hydrogen inlet pipe and a hydrogen outlet pipe, and the openings of the hydrogen inlet pipe and the hydrogen outlet pipe extend out of the resistance furnace.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112170834A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-01-05 | 宁波盛事达磁业有限公司 | Process and device for improving magnetic property of powder alnico magnet |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112170834A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-01-05 | 宁波盛事达磁业有限公司 | Process and device for improving magnetic property of powder alnico magnet |
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