CN210576252U - Fuel cell using cathode waste gas to supply fuel - Google Patents

Fuel cell using cathode waste gas to supply fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN210576252U
CN210576252U CN201922248309.3U CN201922248309U CN210576252U CN 210576252 U CN210576252 U CN 210576252U CN 201922248309 U CN201922248309 U CN 201922248309U CN 210576252 U CN210576252 U CN 210576252U
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fuel
cathode
recovery
tank
air pump
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徐冬冬
甘露
董兴林
常海兵
李响
刘达波
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Cssc Southwest Equipment Research Institute Co Ltd
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Cssc Southwest Equipment Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fuel cell which supplies fuel by using cathode waste gas, comprising a cell body, a DC/DC converter, a storage battery, an air pump, a fuel tank and a recovery tank; the battery body is connected with a storage battery and an air pump through a DC/DC converter, and the storage battery is connected with the air pump; the cathode inlet of the battery body is connected with the air pump, the anode inlet of the battery body is connected with the fuel tank, and a power mechanism is arranged between the cathode outlet of the battery body and the fuel tank. The utility model provides high DMFC system's simplicity, reliability have promoted system efficiency, reduce battery system spare part, practice thrift the hardware cost.

Description

Fuel cell using cathode waste gas to supply fuel
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fuel cell technical field especially relates to an utilize fuel cell of negative pole waste gas supply fuel.
Background
The fuel cell is an energy conversion device which directly converts chemical energy into electric energy, and the single cell mainly comprises a cathode plate, an anode plate and a membrane electrode. The two sides of the membrane electrode respectively generate oxidation reaction and reduction reaction, and electrons work through an external circuit to generate electric energy. The fuel cell can continuously generate electric energy as long as fuel and oxidant are continuously input, so that the fuel cell has the characteristics of both a cell and a heat engine, and has the characteristics of high energy conversion efficiency, no environmental pollutant emission, low-temperature quick start, low vibration and noise level and the like. The efficiency is as high as more than 40 percent because of no restriction of Carnot cycle.
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC) are one type of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC). The DMFC directly generates methanol oxidation reaction at the anode, similar to the hydrogen oxidation process of the anode side of the hydrogen PEMFC, the fuel adopts liquid methanol, the filling is more convenient, and the power of the galvanic pile is generally from several watts to several kilowatts at present due to the technical and economic considerations, and the galvanic pile is usually used as portable charging equipment, small-sized power supply and the like.
When the DMFC works, a methanol solution and air respectively flow into the anode flow channel and the cathode flow channel and permeate into the diffusion layer under the action of convection and diffusion. The concentration distribution of the reactant is more uniform after redistribution in the diffusion layer, and finally reaches the catalytic layer. At the anode, methanol is subjected to catalytic reaction under the action of a catalyst, l mol of carbon dioxide, 6mo1 hydrogen ions and 6mo1 free electrons are generated by lmol methanol and l mol of water, the free electrons generate current through an external circuit, the hydrogen ions penetrate through a proton exchange membrane and migrate to the cathode, and the carbon dioxide and the solution which is not completely reacted are discharged out of the cell through a flow channel. At the cathode, oxygen and hydrogen ions react under the action of a catalyst to generate water, electrons from the anode are consumed, and the water generated by the reaction and redundant air are discharged out of the battery through a flow channel. The positive ions generated by the reaction go through the interior of the cell, and the electrons go through an external circuit to generate current, which is the energy conversion process. The basic reaction equation for DMFC is as follows:
DMFC anode reaction equation:
CH3OH+H2O→CO2+6H++6e-
DMFC cathode reaction equation:
1.5O2+6H++6e-→3H2O
overall DMFC reaction equation:
CH3OH+1.5O2→CO2+2H2O
current DMFC systems are classified into active and passive types depending on the manner in which fuel and oxidant are supplied. The passive type mainly depends on the free diffusion to supply the fuel and the oxidant, and can omit the supply and circulation devices of the fuel and the oxidant consuming the energy of the battery system, thereby having a simple structure compared with the active type. Active means that the fuel and oxidant supply needs to be controlled using active auxiliary devices such as pumps, valves, etc. Such systems are complex, have many parts, and are relatively noisy, bulky, and heavy.
In order to make the DMFC system simpler and more stable, miniaturize the battery, improve the system reliability, reduce the internal energy consumption and noise of the system, and improve the overall efficiency, it is necessary to reduce the number of moving devices such as liquid pumps as much as possible, which is a problem that is first solved by those skilled in the art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the deficiency of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present patent application is: to provide a fuel cell which supplies fuel using cathode off-gas, improves the simplicity and reliability of a DMFC system, improves the power generation efficiency and energy utilization efficiency of the system, and reduces the cost and noise.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a fuel cell using cathode exhaust gas to supply fuel comprises a cell body, a DC/DC converter, a storage battery, an air pump, a fuel tank, and a recovery tank; the battery body is connected with a storage battery and an air pump through a DC/DC converter, and the storage battery is connected with the air pump; the cathode inlet of the battery body is connected with the air pump, the anode inlet of the battery body is connected with the fuel tank, and a power mechanism is arranged between the cathode outlet of the battery body and the fuel tank.
The fuel of the fuel cell is thus liquid, and may be methanol, ethanol, formic acid, gasoline, a solution thereof, a mixed solution thereof, or the like. The fuel tank and the recovery tank have good air tightness. When the DMFC is started, an electric air pump of the storage battery is used for providing an oxidant for a cathode of the DMFC, cathode exhaust is conveyed to the fuel tank through the power mechanism, so that methanol in the fuel tank is conveyed to an anode, after the fuel cell system normally operates, the storage battery is cut off to supply power, and the DMFC directly supplies power for the air pump through the DC/DC converter. The utility model discloses a reduced the fuel feed pump and shifted the liquid pump of fuel jar from the recovery tank with fuel, carry out recycle to the complementary energy, changed into the negative pole waste gas pressure boost and supply liquid to reduce rotating machinery equipment, improved the reliability, reduced the system internal consumption, and practiced thrift equipment cost.
Further, the power mechanism comprises a connecting pipeline, one end of the connecting pipeline is connected with a cathode outlet of the battery body, the other end of the connecting pipeline is connected with the fuel tank through a first branch pipe, a gas-liquid separator is mounted on the connecting pipeline, and a first electromagnetic valve is mounted on the first branch pipe; the fuel tank is connected with the anode inlet of the battery body through a feeding pipeline, and a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the feeding pipeline.
Therefore, the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are opened, the waste gas solution discharged from the cathode outlet is separated by the gas-liquid separator and then discharged, and the gas is introduced into the fuel tank through the connecting pipeline for pressure supply, so that the methanol in the fuel tank is conveyed to the anode inlet of the DMFC through the feeding pipeline for electrochemical reaction.
Further, a sensor is installed on the feeding pipeline. The sensor comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a flow sensor, can monitor the temperature, the pressure and the flow of the methanol, and adjusts the opening degree of the air pump, the first valve and the second valve through feedback to ensure the normal delivery of the methanol.
Further, the positive pole of battery body has the recovery jar through withdrawing the pipe connection, it is connected with first exhaust pipe to retrieve the jar outside, install the third solenoid valve on the first exhaust pipe.
Therefore, the generated electric energy is converted by the DC/DC converter and then charges the storage battery or directly drives the air pump to work. And the unreacted methanol at the outlet of the anode is recovered through a recovery tank, and in the recovery process, the third electromagnetic valve is opened, so that carbon dioxide generated by the reaction can be discharged.
Furthermore, the recovery tank and the fuel tank are connected through a recovery pipeline, a fourth electromagnetic valve is installed on the recovery pipeline, a second exhaust pipe is installed upwards on the fuel tank, and a fifth electromagnetic valve is installed on the second exhaust pipe; a pressurizing pipeline is arranged between the connecting pipeline and the recovery tank, and a sixth electromagnetic valve is installed on the pressurizing pipeline.
Like this, open fourth solenoid valve and fifth solenoid valve and sixth solenoid valve, close first solenoid valve, second solenoid valve and third solenoid valve, in the methanol that has not reacted lets in the recovery jar, the waste gas that the negative pole produced gets into in the recovery jar through connecting tube and booster line and carries out the pressure boost for in the fuel of recovery jar gets into the fuel tank through the recovery pipeline, waste gas passes through the discharge of fifth solenoid valve.
In summary, the following steps: the fuel cell improves the simplicity and the reliability of a DMFC system, improves the system efficiency, reduces the parts of a cell system and saves the hardware cost.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive work, and wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell using cathode exhaust gas to supply fuel according to the present invention, wherein a represents air, b represents water, and c represents exhaust gas.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, a clear and complete description will be given below with reference to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, a fuel cell for supplying fuel using cathode off-gas includes a cell body, a DC/DC converter 1, a storage battery 2, an air pump 3, a fuel tank 4, a recovery tank 5; the battery body is connected with a storage battery 2 and an air pump 3 through a DC/DC converter 1, and the storage battery 2 is connected with the air pump 3; the inlet of the cathode 6 of the battery body is connected with the air pump 3, the inlet of the anode 7 of the battery body is connected with the fuel tank 4, and a power mechanism is arranged between the outlet of the cathode 6 of the battery body and the fuel tank 4.
The fuel of the fuel cell is thus liquid, and may be methanol, ethanol, formic acid, gasoline, a solution thereof, a mixed solution thereof, or the like. The fuel tank and the recovery tank have good air tightness. When the DMFC is started, an electric air pump of the storage battery is used for providing an oxidant for a cathode of the DMFC, cathode exhaust is conveyed to the fuel tank through the power mechanism, so that methanol in the fuel tank is conveyed to an anode, after the fuel cell system normally operates, the storage battery is cut off to supply power, and the DMFC directly supplies power for the air pump through the DC/DC converter. The utility model discloses a reduced the fuel feed pump and shifted the liquid pump of fuel jar from the recovery tank with fuel, carry out recycle to the complementary energy, changed into the negative pole waste gas pressure boost and supply liquid to reduce rotating machinery equipment, improved the reliability, reduced the system internal consumption, and practiced thrift equipment cost.
Further, the power mechanism comprises a connecting pipeline 8, one end of the connecting pipeline 8 is connected with the outlet of the cathode 6 of the battery body, the other end of the connecting pipeline 8 is connected with the fuel tank 4 through a first branch pipe 81, a gas-liquid separator 82 is installed on the connecting pipeline 8, and a first electromagnetic valve 83 is installed on the first branch pipe 81; the fuel tank 4 is connected to the inlet of the anode 7 of the battery body through a feed line 71, and a second electromagnetic valve 72 is provided on the feed line 71.
Therefore, the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are opened, the waste gas solution discharged from the cathode outlet is separated by the gas-liquid separator and then discharged, and the gas is introduced into the fuel tank through the connecting pipeline for pressure supply, so that the methanol in the fuel tank is conveyed to the anode inlet of the DMFC through the feeding pipeline for electrochemical reaction.
Further, a sensor 73 is installed on the supply line 71. The sensor comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a flow sensor, can monitor the temperature, the pressure and the flow of the methanol, and adjusts the opening degree of the air pump, the first valve and the second valve through feedback to ensure the normal delivery of the methanol.
Further, the anode 7 of the battery body is connected with a recovery tank 5 through a recovery pipeline 74, the recovery tank 5 is connected with a first exhaust pipe 75, and a third electromagnetic valve 76 is installed on the first exhaust pipe 75.
Therefore, the generated electric energy is converted by the DC/DC converter and then charges the storage battery or directly drives the air pump to work. And the unreacted methanol at the outlet of the anode is recovered through a recovery tank, and in the recovery process, the third electromagnetic valve is opened, so that carbon dioxide generated by the reaction can be discharged.
Further, the recovery tank 4 and the fuel tank 5 are connected through a recovery pipeline 9, a fourth electromagnetic valve 91 is installed on the recovery pipeline 9, a second exhaust pipe 92 is installed upwards on the fuel tank 4, and a fifth electromagnetic valve 93 is installed on the second exhaust pipe 92; a pressurizing pipeline 94 is arranged between the connecting pipeline 8 and the recovery tank 5, and a sixth electromagnetic valve 95 is installed on the pressurizing pipeline 94.
Like this, open fourth solenoid valve and fifth solenoid valve and sixth solenoid valve, close first solenoid valve, second solenoid valve and third solenoid valve, in the methanol that has not reacted lets in the recovery jar, the waste gas that the negative pole produced gets into in the recovery jar through connecting tube and booster line and carries out the pressure boost for in the fuel of recovery jar gets into the fuel tank through the recovery pipeline, waste gas passes through the discharge of fifth solenoid valve.
The principle is as follows:
the fuel cell selects methanol fuel. Firstly, the DMFC drives the air pump by the storage battery when being started to provide an oxidant for the cathode of the DMFC, the cathode exhaust gas conveys methanol to the anode through a switch between a pipeline and a valve, the storage battery is cut off to supply power after the battery system normally operates, and the DMFC directly supplies power for the air pump through the DC/DC converter.
Supply of methanol: the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve are opened, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the sixth electromagnetic valve are closed, cathode waste gas (mainly air) enters the fuel tank, methanol is pressed into the anode through the feeding pipeline along with the increase of air pressure, and the sensor adjusts the opening degree of the second electromagnetic valve and the rotating speed of the air pump through monitoring flow data to keep the stability of the output power of the DMFC system. The anode effluent is mainly unreacted methanol and CO2, the methanol enters a recovery tank, and CO2 is discharged through a third solenoid valve.
And (3) recovery of methanol: and closing the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve, opening the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the sixth electromagnetic valve, enabling the cathode waste gas to enter the recovery tank, pressing the methanol into the fuel tank through the recovery pipeline along with the increase of the air pressure, and discharging the waste gas from the fifth electromagnetic valve.
The controller is a PLC controller and is used for performing coordinated control on the on-off of the sensor, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the air pump and the storage battery and the DC/DC.
The gas tightness of recovery tank, fuel jar and connecting tube, recovery pipeline, feed pipeline, first branch pipe, first blast pipe, second blast pipe, pressure boost pipeline and withdrawal pipeline is good, satisfies the operation requirement.
The above, only be the concrete implementation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art is in the technical scope of the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and the utility model, the concept of which is equivalent to replace or change, should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A fuel cell using cathode exhaust gas to supply fuel is characterized by comprising a cell body, a DC/DC converter, a storage battery, an air pump, a fuel tank and a recovery tank; the battery body is connected with a storage battery and an air pump through a DC/DC converter, and the storage battery is connected with the air pump; the cathode inlet of the battery body is connected with the air pump, the anode inlet of the battery body is connected with the fuel tank, and a power mechanism is arranged between the cathode outlet of the battery body and the fuel tank.
2. The fuel cell for supplying fuel using cathode off-gas according to claim 1, wherein the power mechanism includes a connection pipe having one end connected to the cathode outlet of the cell body and the other end connected to a fuel tank through a first branch pipe, the connection pipe having a gas-liquid separator mounted thereon, the first branch pipe having a first solenoid valve mounted thereon; the fuel tank is connected with the anode inlet of the battery body through a feeding pipeline, and a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the feeding pipeline.
3. A fuel cell that uses cathode off-gas to supply fuel in accordance with claim 2, wherein said supply line has a sensor mounted thereon.
4. The fuel cell as set forth in claim 3, wherein a recovery tank is connected to the anode of the cell body through a recovery pipe, and a first exhaust pipe is connected to the recovery tank and is externally connected to the recovery tank, and a third solenoid valve is installed on the first exhaust pipe.
5. The fuel cell as claimed in claim 4, wherein the recovery tank is connected to a fuel tank via a recovery pipe, the recovery pipe is provided with a fourth solenoid valve, the fuel tank is provided with a second exhaust pipe extending upward, and the second exhaust pipe is provided with a fifth solenoid valve; a pressurizing pipeline is arranged between the connecting pipeline and the recovery tank, and a sixth electromagnetic valve is installed on the pressurizing pipeline.
CN201922248309.3U 2019-12-16 2019-12-16 Fuel cell using cathode waste gas to supply fuel Active CN210576252U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201922248309.3U CN210576252U (en) 2019-12-16 2019-12-16 Fuel cell using cathode waste gas to supply fuel

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201922248309.3U CN210576252U (en) 2019-12-16 2019-12-16 Fuel cell using cathode waste gas to supply fuel

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN210576252U true CN210576252U (en) 2020-05-19

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