CN210529801U

CN210529801U - Hydraulic control system of excavator bucket rod and excavator

Info

Publication number: CN210529801U
Application number: CN201921446914.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘毅; 郑诗强; 赵慧; 杨密密
Original assignee: Suote Transmission Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: Suote Transmission Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-02
Filing date: 2019-09-02
Publication date: 2020-05-15
Anticipated expiration: 2029-09-02

Abstract

The utility model provides a hydraulic control system and excavator of excavator dipper relates to excavator technical field. The system comprises a bucket rod control main valve, an energy accumulator and a selective valve, wherein the bucket rod control main valve is connected with a bucket rod oil cylinder of the excavator; the gate valve is provided with a first oil port and a second oil port, the first oil port is communicated with the rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder, and the second oil port is communicated with the oil port of the energy accumulator; when the bucket rod controls the main valve to control the bucket rod to retract, the selective valve communicates the first oil port with the second oil port so that hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder flows into the energy accumulator; when the bucket rod controls the main valve to control the bucket rod to excavate, the selective valve communicates the first oil port with the second oil port, so that hydraulic oil in the energy accumulator flows into the rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder. The hydraulic energy that releases when utilizing the energy storage ware to store the dipper uninstallation in this scheme to when the dipper is excavated, with the release of the hydraulic energy of storing in the energy storage ware, avoid the no pole chamber pressure of dipper hydro-cylinder to hang down and produce the suction phenomenon excessively.

Description

Hydraulic control system of excavator bucket rod and excavator

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the excavator technique and specifically relates to a hydraulic control system and excavator of excavator dipper.

Background

The excavator completes the excavation and unloading actions through the mutual matching of the movable arm, the bucket rod, the bucket and the rotation. The excavating speed and the excavating force are important indexes for the overall performance of the excavator.

The action speed and the excavating force of the bucket rod are key factors influencing the excavating speed and the excavating force of the whole machine. When the main valve core of the bucket rod is switched to the excavating position during excavating action, the rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder is filled with oil, the small cavity is filled with oil, and the bucket rod oil cylinder extends out for excavating; when the main valve core of the bucket rod is switched to the retraction position, the small cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder takes oil, the large cavity takes oil, and the bucket rod oil cylinder retracts to prepare for next excavation.

In the prior art, when excavating, the bucket rod dead weight forces the bucket rod to descend, and because the big chamber oil input volume is not enough to satisfy the falling speed of bucket rod, leads to big chamber to produce cavitation, causes the injury to the bucket rod hydro-cylinder.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a hydraulic control system and excavator of excavator dipper to having alleviated current excavator when excavating, the dipper dead weight forces the dipper to descend, because the big chamber oil feed volume is not enough to satisfy the slew rate of dipper, leads to big chamber to produce cavitation, causes the technical problem of injury to the dipper hydro-cylinder.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydraulic control system for a bucket rod of an excavator, where the hydraulic control system for the bucket rod of the excavator includes a bucket rod control main valve, an energy accumulator and a gate valve, and the bucket rod control main valve is connected to a bucket rod cylinder of the excavator;

the gate valve is provided with a first oil port and a second oil port, the first oil port is communicated with the rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder, and the second oil port is communicated with the oil port of the energy accumulator;

when the bucket rod controls the main valve to control the bucket rod to retract, the selective valve communicates the first oil port with the second oil port, so that hydraulic oil in a rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder flows into the energy accumulator, and the first oil port and the second oil port are disconnected when the pressure in the energy accumulator is raised to a preset value;

when the bucket rod controls the main valve to control the bucket rod to excavate, the selective valve communicates the first oil port with the second oil port, so that hydraulic oil in the energy accumulator flows into the rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder, and when the pressure in the rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder is larger than the pressure in the energy accumulator, the first oil port and the second oil port are disconnected.

Furthermore, the selective valve comprises a selective valve body and a selective valve core, and the selective valve core is connected in an axial channel in the selective valve body in a sliding manner; a first oil cavity and a second oil cavity are arranged in the valve body of the gate valve, a first oil port is communicated with the first oil cavity, and a second oil port is communicated with the second oil cavity;

when the bucket rod controls the main valve to control the bucket rod to retract, the valve core of the selective valve is in a first state, and the valve core of the selective valve conducts the first oil cavity and the second oil cavity, so that hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder can be input into the energy accumulator;

when the bucket rod controls the main valve to control the bucket rod to dig, the valve core of the selective valve can be in the second state, and the valve core of the selective valve communicates the first oil cavity with the second oil cavity, so that the energy accumulator can input hydraulic oil to the rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder.

Further, the selective valve comprises a third oil port which is communicated with a large cavity oil port of the bucket rod control main valve;

when the bucket rod controls the main valve to control the bucket rod to retract and the pressure in the energy accumulator is increased to a preset value, the big cavity oil port of the bucket rod controls the main valve to be communicated with the oil tank, and the selective valve can communicate the first oil port with the third oil port, so that hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder can sequentially pass through the selective valve and the bucket rod control main valve to return to the oil tank;

when the bucket rod control main valve controls the bucket rod to dig, a large cavity oil port of the bucket rod control main valve is communicated with the main oil way, and the selective valve can communicate the third oil port with the first oil port, so that hydraulic oil of the main oil way can enter a rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder through the bucket rod control main valve and the selective valve in sequence.

Further, a third oil cavity communicated with the third oil port is arranged in the selective valve, and when the valve core of the selective valve is in the first state and the pressure in the energy accumulator is increased to a preset value, the valve core of the selective valve can communicate the third oil cavity with the first oil cavity;

when the valve core of the gating valve is in the second state, the valve core of the gating valve can communicate the third oil cavity with the first oil cavity.

Furthermore, a first control port and a second control port are arranged on the valve body of the selective valve; the bucket rod control main valve comprises a first switching port and a second switching port, the first control port and the first switching port are communicated with a first pilot hydraulic oil path, and the second control port and the second switching port are communicated with a second pilot hydraulic oil path;

the bucket rod control main valve comprises a large cavity oil port communicated with the third oil port, a small cavity oil port communicated with a rod cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder, an oil return port communicated with the oil tank and an oil inlet communicated with the main oil way;

when the first pilot hydraulic oil path inputs hydraulic energy to the first control port and the first switching port respectively, the valve body of the selective valve can be switched to a first state, the large cavity oil port is communicated with the oil return port, and the small cavity oil port is communicated with the oil inlet;

when the second pilot hydraulic oil path inputs hydraulic energy to the second control port and the second switching port respectively, the valve core of the selective valve is switched to the second state, the large cavity oil port is communicated with the main oil path, and the small cavity oil port is communicated with the oil tank.

Further, when no hydraulic energy is input into the first control port and the second control port, the valve core of the selective valve is in a third state, and the valve core of the selective valve can enable the first oil cavity and the second oil cavity to be communicated; the bucket rod controls the main valve to control the closing of the oil port of the large cavity.

Furthermore, a first channel is arranged in the valve body of the selective valve, one end of the first channel is communicated with the axial channel, and the other end of the first channel is communicated with the second oil cavity; a first check valve is arranged at a communication port of the second oil chamber and the first channel, and the opening direction of the first check valve is from the first channel to the second oil chamber.

Furthermore, a second channel is arranged in the valve body of the selective valve, one end of the second channel is communicated with the axial channel, and the other end of the second channel is communicated with the third oil cavity;

a communication port of the third oil chamber and the second channel is provided with a second one-way valve, and the opening direction of the second one-way valve is from the second channel to the third oil chamber;

the axis of the first channel and the axis of the second channel are positioned on the same cross section of the axial channel; the opening force required by the second one-way valve is larger than that required by the first one-way valve; the first check valve comprises a first valve core, the first valve core comprises a sealing part, one surface of the sealing part faces the first channel, and the other surface of the sealing part faces the second oil cavity.

Further, the first one-way valve comprises a first valve core and a first valve body; the first valve core is sleeved in the first valve body in a sliding mode, a first mounting hole is formed in the end face, facing the first valve body, of the first valve core, the first mounting hole is used for mounting a first resetting piece, and a first oil guide hole used for communicating the second oil cavity with the mounting hole is formed in the side wall of the first valve core;

the second check valve comprises a second valve core and a second valve body, the second valve core is sleeved in the second valve body in a sliding mode, a second mounting hole is formed in the end face, facing the second valve body, of the second valve core, the second mounting hole is used for mounting a second resetting piece, a second oil guide hole is formed in the end face, facing the second channel, of the second valve core, one end of the second oil guide hole is communicated with the second mounting hole, and the other end of the second oil guide hole is communicated with the second channel.

Furthermore, a third channel is arranged in the valve body of the selective valve, one end of the third channel is communicated with the axial channel, and the other end of the third channel is communicated with the second oil cavity; a third check valve is arranged at a communication port of the second oil chamber and the third channel, and the opening direction of the third check valve is from the third oil chamber to the third channel;

the third oil cavity comprises a first sub cavity and a second sub cavity, the third oil port is located in the first sub cavity, and the second sub cavity can be communicated with the second channel; a fourth one-way valve is arranged at a communication port of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity, and the opening direction of the fourth one-way valve is from the second sub-cavity to the first sub-cavity;

when the valve core of the selector valve is in the second state, the valve core of the selector valve can enable the first sub cavity, the third channel and the first oil cavity to be communicated.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an excavator, including the hydraulic control system of the excavator stick.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a hydraulic control system of excavator dipper, hydraulic control system of excavator dipper include dipper control main valve, energy storage ware and selection valve, and the dipper control main valve is connected with the dipper hydro-cylinder of excavator, and the operating condition of dipper control main valve control dipper. The gate valve is provided with a first oil port and a second oil port, the first oil port is communicated with the rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder, and the second oil port is communicated with the oil port of the energy accumulator. When the bucket rod is controlled by the main valve to control the bucket rod to retract, hydraulic oil in a rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder needs to be discharged, the selective valve can communicate the first oil port with the second oil port, the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder can flow into the energy accumulator, the energy accumulator is charged, when pressure in the energy accumulator is increased to a preset value, the selective valve disconnects the first oil port and the second oil port, the energy accumulator finishes storing hydraulic energy, and therefore when the bucket rod retracts, hydraulic impact generated when the bucket rod retracts is discharged to be stored. When the bucket rod is controlled by the bucket rod main valve to control the bucket rod to excavate, the selective valve can communicate the first oil port with the second oil port, hydraulic oil in the energy accumulator flows into the rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder, pressure in the rodless cavity of the bucket rod oil cylinder is larger than pressure in the energy accumulator, the selective valve disconnects the first oil port and the second oil port, oil is supplemented to the rodless cavity when the bucket rod excavates, and the pressurization speed of the rodless cavity is increased. Utilize the hydraulic energy of release when the energy storage ware stores the dipper uninstallation in this scheme to when the dipper is excavated, with the release of the hydraulic energy of storing in the energy storage ware, avoid the no pole chamber pressure of dipper hydro-cylinder to hang down and produce the phenomenon of breathing in, improve the operability that the dipper was excavated.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a pair of excavator, hydraulic control system including foretell excavator dipper. Because the embodiment of the utility model provides an excavator has quoted the hydraulic control system of foretell excavator dipper, so, the embodiment of the utility model provides an excavator also possesses the hydraulic control system's of excavator dipper advantage.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic control system of an excavator bucket rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a gate valve in a hydraulic control system of an excavator bucket rod according to an embodiment of the present invention in a first state;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a gate valve in a hydraulic control system of an excavator bucket rod according to an embodiment of the present invention in a second state;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the gate valve in the hydraulic control system of the excavator bucket rod according to the embodiment of the present invention in the third state;

fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a second check valve in a hydraulic control system of an excavator bucket rod provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Icon: 100-a bucket rod control main valve; 200-an accumulator; 300-gate valve; 311-a first oil chamber; 312 — a second oil chamber; 313-a third oil chamber; 3131 — a first subchamber; 3132 — a second subcavity; 321-a first one-way valve; 322-a second one-way valve; 3221-a second mounting hole; 3222-a second oil guide hole; 323-third check valve; 324-a fourth one-way valve; 331-a first channel; 332-a second channel; 333-a third channel; 410-rodless cavities; 420-a rod cavity; 510-a first pilot hydraulic oil circuit; 520-second pilot hydraulic oil passage.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydraulic control system for a bucket rod of an excavator, where the hydraulic control system for the bucket rod of the excavator includes a main bucket rod control valve 100, an energy accumulator 200, and a gate valve 300, the main bucket rod control valve 100 is connected to a bucket rod cylinder, and the main bucket rod control valve 100 controls the operating state of the bucket rod. The gate valve 300 has a first port communicating with the rodless chamber 410 of the arm cylinder and a second port communicating with the port of the accumulator 200. When the main valve 100 for controlling the arm retracts, hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity 410 of the arm cylinder needs to be discharged, the selective valve 300 can communicate the first oil port with the second oil port, so that the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity 410 of the arm cylinder can flow into the energy accumulator 200 to charge the energy accumulator 200, when the pressure in the energy accumulator is increased to a preset value, the selective valve 300 disconnects the first oil port from the second oil port, and the energy accumulator 200 stores the hydraulic energy. When the arm control main valve 100 controls arm excavation, the selective valve 300 can communicate the first oil port with the second oil port, and allow hydraulic oil in the accumulator 200 to flow into the arm cylinder rodless cavity 410 until the pressure in the arm cylinder rodless cavity 410 is greater than the pressure in the accumulator, and the selective valve 300 disconnects the first oil port from the second oil port. Utilize the hydraulic pressure energy of release when energy storage ware 200 stores the dipper uninstallation in this scheme to when the dipper excavates, with the release of the hydraulic pressure energy of storing in the energy storage ware 200, unload the dipper on the one hand and return the hydraulic shock that produces when contracting and save, on the other hand mends oil when the dipper excavates, avoids the no pole chamber 410 pressure of dipper hydro-cylinder to hang down and produces the phenomenon of inhaling, improves the operability that the dipper excavated.

Specifically, the gate valve 300 includes a gate valve body and a gate valve core, and the gate valve core is slidably connected in an axial channel in the gate valve body, in this embodiment, the gate valve 300 may have three states: respectively a first state, a second state and a third state. A first oil chamber 311 and a second oil chamber 312 are arranged in the valve body of the selective valve, the first oil port is communicated with the first oil chamber 311, and the second oil port is communicated with the second oil chamber 312. When the arm control main valve 100 controls the arm to retract, the valve core of the selective valve is in the first state, and at this time, the valve core of the selective valve moves relative to the valve body of the selective valve to communicate the first oil chamber 311 and the second oil chamber 312, so that the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber 410 of the arm cylinder can be input into the accumulator 200. When the arm control main valve 100 controls arm excavation, the valve core of the selection valve can be in the second state, and the valve core of the selection valve moves relative to the valve body of the selection valve, so that the first oil chamber 311 and the second oil chamber 312 are communicated, and the accumulator 200 can input hydraulic oil to the arm cylinder rodless chamber 410.

The gate valve 300 includes a third port, which is communicated with a large-cavity port of the bucket rod main control valve 100, and is used for oil intake and oil drainage. When the arm control main valve 100 controls the arm to retract and the pressure in the accumulator rises to a preset value, the accumulator 200 completes energy accumulation. The bucket rod controls the valve core of the main valve 100 to move, so that the large cavity oil port of the main valve is communicated with the oil tank, the selective valve 300 can communicate the first oil port with the third oil port, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity 410 of the bucket rod oil cylinder can sequentially pass through the selective valve 300 and the bucket rod main valve 100 to return to the oil tank.

When the bucket rod control main valve 100 controls the bucket rod to dig, oil needs to be filled into the rodless cavity 410 of the bucket rod oil cylinder, the valve core of the bucket rod control main valve 100 moves, so that the oil port of the large cavity of the bucket rod control main valve 100 is communicated with the main oil way, and the selective valve 300 can communicate the third oil port with the first oil port, so that hydraulic oil of the main oil way can enter the rodless cavity 410 of the bucket rod oil cylinder sequentially through the bucket rod control main valve 100 and the selective valve 300.

Specifically, a third oil chamber 313 communicated with the third oil port is arranged in the selective valve 300, and when the valve core of the selective valve is in the first state and the pressure in the energy accumulator is increased to a preset value, the valve core of the selective valve can communicate the third oil chamber 313 with the first oil chamber 311, so that after the energy accumulator 200 completes energy accumulation, redundant hydraulic oil is input into the oil tank. When the selection valve spool is in the second state, the selection valve spool can communicate the third oil chamber 313 with the first oil chamber 311, so that hydraulic oil of the main oil path can enter the arm cylinder rodless chamber 410.

The states of the gate valve 300 and the bucket rod control main valve 100 are controlled by a first pilot force and a second pilot force, and specifically, a first control port and a second control port are arranged on a valve body of the gate valve; the arm control main valve 100 includes a first switching port and a second switching port, the first switching port and the first switching port are both communicated with the first pilot hydraulic oil path 510, the second switching port and the second switching port are both communicated with the second pilot hydraulic oil path 520, hydraulic energy entering the first switching port and the second switching port can drive the valve core of the selector valve to move, so as to change the state of the selector valve 300, and similarly, hydraulic pressure entering the first switching port and the second switching port can change the state of the arm control main valve 100. Specifically, the arm control main valve 100 includes a large chamber oil port communicated with the third oil port, a small chamber oil port communicated with the arm cylinder rod chamber 420, an oil return port communicated with the oil tank, and an oil inlet communicated with the main oil passage. When the first pilot hydraulic oil path 510 inputs hydraulic energy to the first control port and the first switching port, the valve core of the valve controlled by the gate valve 300 and the bucket rod moves to the left side, the valve body of the gate valve can be switched to the first state, the large cavity oil port is communicated with the oil return port, the small cavity oil port is communicated with the oil inlet, and hydraulic oil of the main flow path enters the rod cavity to push the bucket rod to retract. When the second pilot hydraulic oil path 520 inputs hydraulic energy to the second control port and the second switching port, the valve cores of the selector valve 300 and the arm control valve both move to the right side, the valve core of the selector valve is switched to the second state, the large-cavity oil port is communicated with the main oil path, the small-cavity oil port is communicated with the oil tank, and hydraulic oil of the main flow path enters the arm control main valve and then enters the third oil cavity. The main valve 100 is controlled to move synchronously by the pilot pressure control gate valve 300 and the arm.

When the first control port and the second control port have no hydraulic energy input, namely the arm is in a non-working state, the valve core of the selective valve is in a third state, the valve core of the selective valve can enable the first oil cavity 311 and the second oil cavity 312 to be communicated, the arm control main valve 100 controls the oil port of the large cavity to be closed, and part of hydraulic oil is reserved in the rodless cavity 410 of the arm cylinder to provide certain back pressure for the rodless cavity 410.

A first channel 331 is arranged in the valve body of the selective valve, one end of the first channel 331 is communicated with the axial channel, and the other end of the first channel 331 is communicated with the second oil cavity 312; a first check valve 321 is provided at a communication port of the second oil chamber 312 and the first passage 331, and an opening direction of the first check valve 321 is from the first passage 331 toward the second oil chamber 312. The hydraulic oil output from the arm cylinder rodless chamber 410 can enter the accumulator 200 through the first check valve 321, but cannot flow back from the accumulator 200 to the first passage 331 through the first check valve 321.

A second channel 332 is arranged in the valve body of the gate valve, one end of the second channel 332 is communicated with the axial channel, and the other end of the second channel 332 is communicated with the third oil cavity 313; a second check valve 322 is arranged on a communication port between the third oil chamber 313 and the second channel 332, and the opening direction of the second check valve 322 is from the second channel 332 to the third oil chamber 313; and the axis of the first channel 331 and the axis of the second channel 332 are located on the same cross section of the axial channel; the opening force required for the second check valve 322 is greater than the opening force required for the first check valve 321; the first check valve 321 includes a first spool including a seal portion having one surface facing the first passage 331 and the other surface facing the second oil chamber 312.

The hydraulic oil that enters the first passage 331 and the second passage 332 from the arm cylinder rodless chamber 410, respectively, acts on the first check valve 321 and the second check valve 322, respectively, because the first check valve 321 is more easily opened. Therefore, the first check valve 321 is opened first, the second check valve 322 is opened later, hydraulic oil flows into the energy accumulator 200 through the first passage 331 first to accumulate energy, the pressure in the energy accumulator 200 is increased, hydraulic pressure is applied to both sides of the sealing portion of the first check valve 321, the pressure of the first check valve 321 on one side of the second oil chamber 312 is increased, the first check valve 321 is gradually closed, and then the remaining hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber 410 of the arm cylinder pushes the second check valve 322 open, so that the hydraulic oil enters the oil tank through the third oil chamber 313.

Specifically, the first check valve 321 includes a first valve spool and a first valve body; the first valve core is sleeved in the first valve body in a sliding mode, a first mounting hole is formed in the end face, facing the first valve body, of the first valve core, the first mounting hole is used for mounting a first reset piece, a first oil guide hole used for communicating the second oil cavity 312 with the mounting hole is formed in the side wall of the first valve core, hydraulic oil entering the third oil cavity 313 can gradually enter the mounting hole, pressure is generated on the bottom face of the mounting hole, namely pressure is generated on one side, facing the third oil cavity 313, of the first valve core, and along with the increase of the pressure in the energy accumulator 200, the first valve core can gradually close the communication port of the first channel 331 and the second oil cavity 312.

As shown in fig. 5, the second one-way valve 322 includes a second valve core and a second valve body, the second valve core is slidably sleeved in the second valve body, a second mounting hole 3221 is disposed on an end surface of the second valve core facing the second valve body, the second mounting hole 3221 is used for mounting a second reset piece, a second oil guide hole 3222 is disposed on an end surface of the second valve core facing the second passage 332, one end of the second oil guide hole 3222 is communicated with the second mounting hole 3221, and the other end is communicated with the second passage 332. Because of the second oil guide hole 3222, the hydraulic oil that first enters the second passage 332 first enters the mounting hole of the second valve element, and a back pressure is generated on the back side of the second valve element, i.e., the side facing away from the second passage 332, so that the second check valve 322 is less likely to open.

A third channel 333 is arranged in the valve body of the gate valve, one end of the third channel 333 is communicated with the axial channel, and the other end is communicated with the second oil cavity 312; a third check valve 323 is arranged at the communication port of the second oil chamber 312 and the third channel 333, and the opening direction of the third check valve 323 is from the third oil chamber 313 to the third channel 333, so that the hydraulic oil in the accumulator 200 can flow into the third channel 333. The third oil chamber 313 includes a first sub-chamber 3131 and a second sub-chamber 3132, the third oil port is located in the first sub-chamber 3131, the second sub-chamber 3132 can communicate with the second passage 332, a fourth check valve 324 is disposed at the communication port of the first sub-chamber 3131 and the second sub-chamber 3132, and the opening direction of the fourth check valve 324 is from the second sub-chamber 3132 to the first sub-chamber 3131, that is, when the selection valve 300 is in the first state, when the second check valve 322 is opened, the hydraulic oil in the second passage 332 can sequentially return to the oil tank through the second sub-chamber 3132, the fourth check valve 313324 and the first sub-chamber 3131. When the valve core of the selective valve is in the second state, the valve core of the selective valve can enable the first sub-cavity 3131, the third channel 333 and the first oil cavity 311 to be communicated, so that hydraulic oil of the main oil way enters the first oil cavity 311 through the first sub-cavity 3131, hydraulic oil in the accumulator 200 enters the first oil cavity 311 through the third channel 333, and the hydraulic oil supply oil to the rodless cavity 410 of the arm cylinder simultaneously, and the problem that the pressure of the rodless cavity 410 is insufficient when the arm digs is solved.

In summary, by adjusting the opening force required by the second check valve, the size of the preset value can be adjusted, and the easier the second check valve is opened, the smaller the preset value is. When the gating valve is in the first state, the pressure in the energy accumulator is zero, when hydraulic oil flows out from the rodless cavity and acts on the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve, the first one-way valve is easier to open, hydraulic energy can be collected by the energy accumulator, and the pressure in the energy accumulator gradually increases and decreases, the back pressure of a valve core of the first one-way valve increases, the pressure in the energy accumulator and the pressure in the axial channel gradually increase, the second one-way valve opens, the hydraulic oil in the axial channel is conveyed to the oil tank, the pressure in the channel is removed, the pressure in the first channel at the moment gradually decreases, when the pressure in the first channel is smaller than the pressure in the energy accumulator, the first one-way valve closes, and energy accumulation is completed. Similarly, when the valve core of the gating valve is in the second state and oil needs to be filled into the rodless cavity, the pressure in the energy accumulator is greater than the pressure in the rodless cavity, the energy accumulator transmits hydraulic energy to the rodless cavity, after the hydraulic energy in the energy accumulator is reduced, the internal pressure is reduced, and when the pressure in the energy accumulator is less than the pressure of the first oil port, the third check valve is closed, and the oil filling process is completed.

And, the embodiment of the utility model provides a hydraulic control system of excavator dipper compares with current dipper case regeneration structure, no longer is suitable for supplementary regenerating unit and improves there is pole chamber 420 pressure, has avoided the high oil return backpressure of regeneration type dipper case, has improved the digging force, reaches energy-concerving and environment-protective effect.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The hydraulic control system of the bucket rod of the excavator is characterized by comprising a bucket rod control main valve (100), an energy accumulator (200) and a selective valve (300), wherein the bucket rod control main valve (100) is connected with a bucket rod oil cylinder of the excavator;

the gate valve (300) is provided with a first oil port and a second oil port, the first oil port is communicated with a rodless cavity (410) of the bucket rod oil cylinder, and the second oil port is communicated with an oil port of the energy accumulator (200);

when the bucket rod is controlled to retract by the bucket rod main control valve (100), the first oil port and the second oil port are communicated by the selective valve (300), so that hydraulic oil in a rodless cavity (410) of the bucket rod oil cylinder flows into the energy accumulator (200), and the first oil port and the second oil port are disconnected when the pressure in the energy accumulator is increased to a preset value;

when the main arm control valve (100) controls the arm to dig, the selective valve (300) communicates the first oil port with the second oil port, so that hydraulic oil in the energy accumulator (200) flows into the rodless cavity (410) of the arm cylinder, and when the pressure in the rodless cavity (410) of the arm cylinder is higher than the pressure in the energy accumulator, the first oil port and the second oil port are disconnected.

2. The hydraulic control system of an excavator stick of claim 1, wherein the gate valve (300) comprises a gate valve body and a gate valve spool, the gate valve spool being slidably connected within an axial passage in the gate valve body; a first oil cavity (311) and a second oil cavity (312) are arranged in the valve body of the gate valve, the first oil cavity is communicated with the first oil cavity (311), and the second oil cavity is communicated with the second oil cavity (312);

when the main arm control valve (100) controls the arm to retract, the valve core of the selective valve is in a first state, and the valve core of the selective valve conducts the first oil cavity (311) and the second oil cavity (312), so that hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity (410) of the arm cylinder can be input into the energy accumulator (200);

when the main arm control valve (100) controls arm excavation, the valve core of the selective valve can be in a second state, and the valve core of the selective valve communicates the first oil cavity (311) and the second oil cavity (312), so that the energy accumulator (200) can input hydraulic oil to the rodless cavity (410) of the arm oil cylinder.

3. The hydraulic control system of the excavator stick of claim 2, wherein the gate valve (300) comprises a third oil port, and the third oil port is communicated with a large-cavity oil port of the main stick control valve (100);

when the bucket rod control main valve (100) controls the bucket rod to retract and the pressure in the energy accumulator is raised to a preset value, a large cavity oil port of the bucket rod control main valve (100) is communicated with an oil tank, and the first oil port and the third oil port can be communicated through the selective valve (300), so that hydraulic oil in a rodless cavity (410) of the bucket rod oil cylinder can sequentially return to the oil tank through the selective valve (300) and the bucket rod control main valve (100);

when the main arm control valve (100) controls the arm to dig, a large cavity oil port of the main arm control valve (100) is communicated with a main oil path, and the third oil port and the first oil port can be communicated through the selective valve (300), so that hydraulic oil of the main oil path can sequentially pass through the main arm control valve (100) and the selective valve (300) and enter the rodless cavity (410) of the arm oil cylinder.

4. The hydraulic control system of the excavator bucket rod of claim 3, wherein a third oil chamber (313) communicated with a third oil port is arranged in the selective valve (300), and when a valve core of the selective valve is in a first state and the pressure in the energy accumulator is increased to a preset value, the valve core of the selective valve can communicate the third oil chamber (313) with the first oil chamber (311);

when the valve core of the selective valve is in the second state, the valve core of the selective valve can communicate the third oil chamber (313) with the first oil chamber (311).

5. The hydraulic control system of the excavator arm of claim 4, wherein the gate valve body is provided with a first control port and a second control port; the main arm control valve (100) comprises a first switching port and a second switching port, the first control port and the first switching port are both communicated with a first pilot hydraulic oil path (510), and the second control port and the second switching port are both communicated with a second pilot hydraulic oil path (520);

the bucket rod main control valve (100) comprises a large cavity oil port communicated with the third oil port, a small cavity oil port communicated with a rod cavity (420) of the bucket rod oil cylinder, an oil return port communicated with the oil tank and an oil inlet communicated with the main oil way;

when the first pilot hydraulic oil path (510) inputs hydraulic energy to the first control port and the first switching port respectively, the valve body of the selector valve can be switched to a first state, the large cavity oil port is communicated with the oil return port, and the small cavity oil port is communicated with the oil inlet;

when the second pilot hydraulic oil path (520) inputs hydraulic energy to the second control port and the second switching port respectively, the valve core of the selector valve is switched to the second state, the large cavity oil port is communicated with the main oil path, and the small cavity oil port is communicated with the oil tank.

6. The hydraulic control system of the excavator arm as claimed in claim 5, wherein a first passage (331) is arranged in the valve body of the selective valve, one end of the first passage (331) is communicated with the axial passage, and the other end of the first passage is communicated with the second oil chamber; and a first check valve (321) is arranged at a communication port of the second oil chamber and the first channel (331), and the opening direction of the first check valve (321) is from the first channel (331) to the second oil chamber.

7. The hydraulic control system of the excavator stick of claim 6, wherein a second channel (332) is arranged in the valve body of the selective valve, one end of the second channel (332) is communicated with the axial channel, and the other end of the second channel is communicated with the third oil chamber;

a second one-way valve (322) is arranged on a communication port of the third oil chamber and the second channel (332), and the opening direction of the second one-way valve (322) is from the second channel (332) to the third oil chamber;

and the axis of the first channel (331) and the axis of the second channel (332) are located on the same cross section of the axial channel; the opening force required by the second one-way valve (322) is larger than the opening force required by the first one-way valve (321); the first check valve (321) includes a first valve element including a seal portion having one surface facing the first passage (331) and the other surface facing the second oil chamber (312).

8. The hydraulic control system of an excavator stick of claim 7, wherein the first one-way valve (321) comprises a first spool and a first valve body; the first valve core is sleeved in the first valve body in a sliding mode, a first mounting hole is formed in the end face, facing the first valve body, of the first valve core, the first mounting hole is used for mounting a first resetting piece, and a first oil guide hole used for communicating the second oil cavity (312) with the mounting hole is formed in the side wall of the first valve core;

the second one-way valve (322) comprises a second valve core and a second valve body, the second valve core is sleeved in the second valve body in a sliding mode, a second mounting hole (3221) is formed in the end face, facing the second valve body, of the second valve core, the second mounting hole (3221) is used for mounting a second reset piece, a second oil guide hole (3222) is formed in the end face, facing the second channel (332), of the second valve core, one end of the second oil guide hole (3222) is communicated with the second mounting hole (3221), and the other end of the second oil guide hole is communicated with the second channel (332).

9. The hydraulic control system of the excavator bucket rod of claim 8, wherein a third channel (333) is arranged in the valve body of the selective valve, one end of the third channel (333) is communicated with the axial channel, and the other end of the third channel is communicated with the second oil cavity; a third check valve (323) is arranged at a communication port of the second oil chamber and the third channel (333), and the opening direction of the third check valve (323) is from the third oil chamber (313) to the third channel (333);

the third oil chamber comprises a first sub-chamber (3131) and a second sub-chamber (3132), the third oil port being located in the first sub-chamber (3131), the second sub-chamber (3132) being communicable with the second passage (332); a fourth one-way valve (324) is arranged at a communication port of the first sub-cavity (3131) and the second sub-cavity (3132), and the opening direction of the fourth one-way valve (324) is from the second sub-cavity (3132) to the first sub-cavity (3131);

when the valve core of the selective valve is in the second state, the valve core of the selective valve can enable the first sub cavity (3131), the third channel (333) and the first oil cavity (311) to be communicated.

10. An excavator comprising the hydraulic control system of an excavator stick as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.