CN210519464U - Transverse and longitudinal combined threshing and separating device and combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a transverse and longitudinal combined threshing and separating device and a combine harvester, wherein a transverse axial flow concave sieve is positioned below a transverse axial flow roller and is coaxially installed with the transverse axial flow roller; one end of the spiral feeding system is connected with the transverse axial flow roller, and the other end of the spiral feeding system is connected with the longitudinal axial flow roller; the transverse axial flow roller and the longitudinal axial flow roller are vertical to each other; the longitudinal axial flow concave plate sieve is positioned below the longitudinal axial flow roller; the longitudinal axial flow concave plate sieve is axially split into two parts, one part is connected with the spiral feeding system and installed on the rack, the other part is connected to the cross beam, and one end of the cross beam is hinged to the rack. The utility model discloses flow the notch board sieve with the axis of ordinates and be two parts from the axial split, can flow the notch board sieve with the axis of ordinates and open, avoided threshing in the axis of ordinates to flow the cylinder and block up back obstacle removal difficulty, consuming time power, problem that intensity of labour is big. The longitudinal axial flow roller is obliquely arranged, so that compared with other threshing devices, the entrainment loss rate of the threshed grains is reduced.

Description

Transverse and longitudinal combined threshing and separating device and combine harvester

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the harvester field, concretely relates to violently indulge combination formula threshing and separating device and combine.

Background

When the combine harvester works in the field, the harvested grains are fed into the cross axial flow roller for threshing and separating, and the working quality of the combine harvester is directly influenced by the threshing rate, the grain entrainment loss rate, whether the roller is easy to block and other performance parameters. Compared with a transverse axial flow roller, the axial flow roller and a longitudinal axial flow combined threshing and separating technology is adopted, the axial flow roller is long in threshing stroke and large in separating area, the productivity and threshing rate are improved, the crushing rate is reduced, and the adaptability to wet crops is good.

A plurality of leading-edge researches on a transverse and longitudinal combined threshing and separating device in the prior art are carried out, but the conventional threshing and separating device is high in power consumption demand and large in seed breakage rate, the cleaning load is increased when the feeding amount is increased, the cleaning loss rate is greatly increased, the power consumption is increased, the feeding is unsmooth and the blockage phenomenon occurs, the machine is required to be stopped for cleaning under the condition that the feeding amount is increased, and the operation efficiency is obviously reduced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the above-mentioned prior art problem, the utility model provides a violently indulge combination formula separation device of threshing, the utility model discloses flow the notch board sieve split with the axis of ordinates and be two parts, can flow the notch board sieve with the axis of ordinates and open, avoided threshing in the axis of ordinates stream the cylinder block up the back row obstacle difficulty, consuming time power, problem that intensity of labour is big. The axis of ordinates flowing cylinder is put to one side, and other thresher forms relatively have reduced the loss rate of smuggleing secretly of the back seed grain of threshing, the utility model provides a current combine violently indulges combination formula threshing separation device at the in-process of threshing, because clean the load increase when the feeding volume increases, clean the loss rate and increase by a wide margin, the consumption grow, the feeding is unsmooth and blocking phenomenon appear, causes the problem that the operating efficiency obviously descends, has very important theoretical meaning and practical value to improvement combine operation performance and efficiency.

The utility model also provides a combine harvester which comprises the transverse and longitudinal combined threshing and separating device and is applicable to crops such as soybean, rice, wheat and the like.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is:

a transverse and longitudinal combined threshing and separating device comprises a transverse axial flow roller, a transverse axial flow concave sieve, a spiral feeding system, a longitudinal axial flow roller and a longitudinal axial flow concave sieve;

the transverse axial flow concave plate sieve is positioned below the transverse axial flow roller; one end of the spiral feeding system is connected with the transverse axial flow roller, and the other end of the spiral feeding system is connected with the longitudinal axial flow roller; the transverse axial flow roller and the longitudinal axial flow roller are vertical to each other; the longitudinal axial flow concave plate sieve is positioned below the longitudinal axial flow roller;

the longitudinal axial flow concave plate sieve is axially split into two parts, one part is connected with the spiral feeding system and installed on the rack, the other part is connected to the cross beam, and one end of the cross beam is hinged to the rack.

In the scheme, the spiral feeding system and the longitudinal axial flow roller are horizontally connected and then obliquely arranged.

In the scheme, the transverse axial flow roller comprises a transverse axial flow roller shaft, a transverse axial flow roller threshing toothed bar, transverse axial flow roller spike teeth, a transverse axial flow roller transverse disc, a transverse axial flow roller top cover and a transverse axial flow roller guide plate;

a plurality of transverse axial flow roller threshing toothed bars are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the transverse axial flow roller shaft, and a plurality of rows of transverse axial flow roller spike teeth are arranged on the transverse axial flow roller threshing toothed bars; the two ends of the transverse axial flow roller shaft are respectively provided with a transverse axial flow roller amplitude disc; the transverse axial flow roller top cover is arranged above a transverse axial flow roller shaft, and the transverse axial flow roller guide plate is arranged above the transverse axial flow roller top cover.

In the scheme, the transverse axial flow concave plate sieve comprises a feeding light plate, a grid type transverse axial flow concave plate sieve and a transition plate which are sequentially connected.

Furthermore, the transverse axial flow concave plate sieve adopts a grid type, the wrap angle is preferably 67 degrees, and the gap of the concave plate is 20 mm; the transition plate is provided with a plurality of through holes which are arranged in an array.

In the above scheme, the spiral feeding system comprises an impeller structure, spiral blades and a flow guide sleeve; the helical blades are uniformly distributed on the impeller structure; the air guide sleeve is covered outside the impeller structure;

the impeller structure adopts the back taper structure, helical blade adopts two helical blade.

In the scheme, the longitudinal axial flow roller comprises a longitudinal axial flow roller shaft, a longitudinal axial flow roller amplitude disc, longitudinal axial flow roller spike teeth, a longitudinal axial flow roller tooth bar, a longitudinal axial flow roller top cover and a longitudinal axial flow roller guide plate;

a plurality of longitudinal axial flow roller toothed bars are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the longitudinal axial flow roller shaft, and a plurality of rows of longitudinal axial flow roller spike teeth are uniformly distributed on the longitudinal axial flow roller toothed bars; longitudinal axial flow roller amplitude discs are respectively arranged at two ends of the longitudinal axial flow roller shaft; the longitudinal axis flow roller top cover is arranged above the longitudinal axis flow roller shaft, and the longitudinal axis flow roller guide plate is arranged above the longitudinal axis flow roller top cover.

In the scheme, the length of the longitudinal axial flow roller is 1330-1350 mm, and the diameter of the longitudinal axial flow roller is 600-650 mm.

In the scheme, one end of the cross beam can horizontally rotate 0-90 degrees around the rack.

A combine harvester comprises the transverse and longitudinal combined threshing and separating device.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: the utility model discloses flow the notch board sieve with the axis of ordinates and be two parts from the axial split, can flow the notch board sieve with the axis of ordinates and open, avoided threshing in the axis of ordinates to flow the cylinder and block up back obstacle removal difficulty, consuming time power, problem that intensity of labour is big. The longitudinal axial flow roller is obliquely arranged, so that compared with other threshing devices, the entrainment loss rate of the threshed grains is reduced, the problems that the feeding is unsmooth and the blocking phenomenon is caused, the operation efficiency is obviously reduced and the power consumption is increased due to the fact that the cleaning load is increased when the feeding amount is increased in the threshing process of the existing combined threshing and separating device of the combine harvester are greatly increased, and the theoretical significance and the practical value are very important for improving the operation performance and the efficiency of the combine harvester are solved. It is suitable for soybean, rice, wheat and other crops.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a top view of an assembly view of the horizontal and vertical combined threshing and separating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an assembly view of the horizontal and vertical combined threshing and separating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an assembly view of a transverse axial flow drum according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a main sectional view of a horizontal axial flow drum top cover according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a transverse axial flow concave sieve according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a main sectional view of a spiral feeding system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an assembly view of a longitudinal axial flow drum according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1-horizontal axial flow roller, 101-horizontal axial flow roller shaft, 102-horizontal axial flow roller threshing toothed bar, 103-horizontal axial flow roller spike tooth, 104-horizontal axial flow roller disc, 105-horizontal axial flow roller top cover, 106-horizontal axial flow roller guide plate, 2-horizontal axial flow concave plate sieve, 201-feeding light plate, 202-grid type horizontal axial flow concave plate sieve, 203-transition plate, 3-spiral feeding system, 301-impeller structure, 302-spiral blade, 303-guide cover, 4-longitudinal axial flow roller, 401-longitudinal axial flow roller shaft, 402-longitudinal axial flow roller disc, 403-longitudinal axial flow roller spike tooth, 404-longitudinal axial flow roller toothed bar, 405-longitudinal axial flow roller top cover, 406-longitudinal axial flow roller guide plate, 5-longitudinal axial flow concave plate sieve, 6-frame, 7-beam.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in order to implement the transverse and longitudinal combined threshing and separating device of the present invention, the transverse and longitudinal combined threshing and separating device includes a transverse axial flow roller 1, a transverse axial flow concave sieve 2, a spiral feeding system 3, a longitudinal axial flow roller 4 and a longitudinal axial flow concave sieve 5; the transverse axial flow concave plate sieve 2 is positioned below the transverse axial flow roller 1 and is coaxially installed with the transverse axial flow roller 1; the spiral feeding system 3 and the transverse axial flow concave plate sieve transition plate 203 are positioned on the same straight line, one end of the spiral feeding system 3 is connected with the transverse axial flow roller 1, and the other end of the spiral feeding system is connected with the longitudinal axial flow roller 4; the transverse axial flow roller 1 and the longitudinal axial flow roller 4 are mutually vertical and arranged in a T shape; the longitudinal axial flow concave screen 5 is positioned below the longitudinal axial flow roller 4 and is coaxially arranged with the longitudinal axial flow roller 4. The transverse axial flow roller 1, the transverse axial flow concave sieve 2, the spiral feeding system 3 and the longitudinal axial flow roller 4 are respectively arranged on a frame 6; the longitudinal axial flow concave sieve 5 is axially split into two parts, one part is connected with the spiral feeding system 3 and installed on the frame 6, the other part is connected with the cross beam 7, and one end of the cross beam 7 is hinged with the frame 6.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the transverse axial flow drum 1 comprises a transverse axial flow drum shaft 101, a transverse axial flow drum threshing toothed bar 102, transverse axial flow drum spikes 103, a transverse axial flow drum radial disc 104, a transverse axial flow drum top cover 105 and a transverse axial flow drum guide plate 106; a plurality of transverse axial flow roller threshing toothed bars 102 are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the transverse axial flow roller shaft 101, preferably 6; a plurality of rows of transverse flow roller spike teeth 103 are uniformly distributed on the transverse flow roller threshing toothed bar 102, preferably 6 rows; the transverse axial flow drum radial plates 104 are arranged at two ends of the transverse axial flow drum shaft 101; the transverse axial flow roller top cover 105 is arranged above the transverse axial flow roller 1, and the transverse axial flow roller guide plates 106 are arranged on the transverse axial flow roller top cover 105 in a central symmetry manner. The horizontal axial flow roller 1 adopts a spike-tooth roller type, has relatively strong grabbing capacity, can remove grains easy to remove, and has the length of 800-850 mm, the rotating speed range of 726-862 r/min and the number of spike teeth 103 of the horizontal axial flow roller of 72; the cross axial flow roller 1 is used for carrying out primary threshing separation on grains conveyed in by the conveying groove, increasing the movement speed of the crops to 15-20 m/s and conveying the crops into the spiral feeding device.

As shown in fig. 5, the transverse axial flow concave sieve 2 includes a feeding light plate 201, a grid type transverse axial flow concave sieve 202 and a transition plate 203 which are connected in sequence; the feeding light plate 201 and the transition plate 203 are distributed on the left side and the right side of the grid type transverse axial flow concave plate screen 202. The transverse axial flow concave plate sieve 202 is in a grid type, the wrap angle is preferably 67 degrees, and the concave plate gap is 20mm, so that the problem of blockage caused by winding of crop straws in a serious condition is avoided; and the transverse axial flow concave plate sieve 2 is a guide separation hole type, and the transition plate 203 is provided with a plurality of through holes which are arranged in an array. Preferably, the transition plate 203 is provided with 4 rows of through holes with 8 columns, the length and the width of the through holes are 40mm multiplied by 16mm, the grain separation area is increased, the separation capacity is improved, the probability that the threshed free grains are broken by the threshing element is reduced, the problem that unnecessary threshed mixture enters the longitudinal axial flow roller 4 to increase the working load of the longitudinal axial flow roller 4 is avoided, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that the crop straws are wound and are blocked seriously is avoided.

As shown in fig. 6, the screw feeding system 3 includes an impeller structure 301, a screw 302 and a flow guiding cover 303; the helical blades 302 are uniformly distributed on the impeller structure 301; the air guide sleeve 303 and the impeller structure 301 are coaxially arranged on the outer side. The impeller structure 301 of the spiral feeding system 3 adopts an inverted cone structure, namely, the front end feeding port is larger, the rear end is smaller, and the spiral blade 302 adopts two spiral blades, namely two blades, so that the material conveying is facilitated; the air guide sleeve 303 has multiple groups of sizes, and preferably comprises a 30mm air guide sleeve, a 40mm air guide sleeve and a 50mm air guide sleeve according to different radial distances between the spiral blade 302 and the inner diameter of the air guide sleeve 303, and the radial clearance is adjusted by replacing the air guide sleeves with different sizes.

As shown in fig. 7, the longitudinal flow drum 4 comprises a longitudinal flow drum shaft 401, a longitudinal flow drum spider 402, longitudinal flow drum spikes 403, longitudinal flow drum teeth bars 404, a longitudinal flow drum roof 405, and longitudinal flow drum baffles 406; 6 longitudinal axial flow roller toothed bars 404 are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the longitudinal axial flow roller shaft 401, and 6 rows of longitudinal axial flow roller spike teeth 403 are uniformly distributed on the longitudinal axial flow roller shaft; the longitudinal axial flow drum breadth plates 402 are arranged at two ends of a longitudinal axial flow drum shaft 401; the longitudinal axial flow drum top cover 405 is installed above the longitudinal axial flow drum shaft 401, and the longitudinal axial flow drum guide plates 406 are installed on the longitudinal axial flow drum top cover 405 in a central symmetry manner. The longitudinal axial flow roller 4 adopts a spike-tooth roller type to carry out re-threshing on grains, preferably, the length of the longitudinal axial flow roller 4 is 1330-1350 mm, the diameter is 600-650 mm, and the rotating speed range is 689-807 r/min; due to the large and long longitudinal flow drum 4, the crop is constantly rubbed and impacted between the longitudinal flow drum spikes 403 and the longitudinal flow grid 5, causing most of the crop to be shed at this stage. Because the longitudinal axial flow roller 4 is large and long, the threshing time of the longitudinal axial flow roller 4 is relatively long, sufficient time is provided between grains and the roller for friction and comb threshing, and the threshing rate is higher under the condition that the rotating speed of the roller is not too high; meanwhile, the threshing gap is large, grains are broken less, the grain entrainment loss rate is reduced, and the blocking probability of the threshing roller is reduced.

The longitudinal axial flow concave plate sieve 5 adopts a grid type, and the wrap angle is preferably 200 degrees; the longitudinal axial flow concave plate sieve 5 is axially split into two parts, one part is welded with the spiral feeding system 3 and fixed on the frame 6, the other part is connected on the cross beam 7, and one end of the cross beam 7 is hinged with the frame 6. The cross beam 7 can horizontally rotate around the main body frame 6 by 0-90 degrees, when the longitudinal axis flow concave plate sieve 5 and the longitudinal axis flow roller 4 are blocked, the longitudinal axis flow roller 4 is cleaned by directly opening the longitudinal axis flow concave plate sieve 5, the repairing time when the harvester breaks down is saved, the efficiency is improved, the structure is simple, the operation is simple and easy to implement, the actual requirement on operators is not high, and the actual production is easy to realize.

The utility model discloses a concrete implementation process does: the crops firstly enter the transverse axial flow roller 1 from a feeding flat plate of the conveying trough, the transverse axial flow roller 1 is used for carrying out primary threshing on the crops which are easy to fall off, the movement tracks of the crops are well organized, and the crops can conveniently enter the spiral feeding system 3; the crop moves spirally in the guide hood 303 and enters the longitudinal axial flow roller 4 in a direction tangential to the longitudinal axial flow roller 4, and because the longitudinal axial flow roller 4 is characterized by being large and long, most of the crop is shed at this stage, and the left intact straw is thrown into the field or into a smashing device.

Example 2

A combine harvester, comprising the transverse and longitudinal combined threshing and separating device of embodiment 1, thereby having the advantages of embodiment 1, which will not be described herein.

The combine harvester is suitable for soybean, rice, wheat and other crops. Particularly, the design requirement of soybean feeding amount of 7-9 kg/s is met aiming at the characteristics of main soybean growing areas in China.

It should be understood that although the present description has been described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein may be combined as suitable to form other embodiments, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

The above detailed description is only for the purpose of illustrating the practical embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent embodiments or modifications that do not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A transverse and longitudinal combined threshing and separating device is characterized by comprising a transverse axial flow roller (1), a transverse axial flow concave sieve (2), a spiral feeding system (3), a longitudinal axial flow roller (4) and a longitudinal axial flow concave sieve (5);

the transverse axial flow concave plate sieve (2) is positioned below the transverse axial flow roller (1) and is coaxially installed with the transverse axial flow roller (1); one end of the spiral feeding system (3) is connected with the transverse axial flow roller (1), and the other end of the spiral feeding system is connected with the longitudinal axial flow roller (4); the transverse axial flow roller (1) and the longitudinal axial flow roller (4) are vertical to each other; the longitudinal axial flow concave plate sieve (5) is positioned below the longitudinal axial flow roller (4);

the longitudinal axial flow concave sieve (5) is axially split into two parts, one part is connected with the spiral feeding system (3) and installed on the rack (6), the other part is connected to the cross beam (7), and one end of the cross beam (7) is hinged to the rack (6).

2. The combined transverse and longitudinal threshing and separating device according to claim 1, characterised in that the screw feeding system (3) and the longitudinal axial flow drum (4) are connected horizontally and then arranged obliquely.

3. The transverse-longitudinal combined threshing and separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse-axial flow drum (1) comprises a transverse-axial flow drum shaft (101), a transverse-axial flow drum threshing teeth bar (102), a transverse-axial flow drum spike tooth (103), a transverse-axial flow drum breadth plate (104), a transverse-axial flow drum top cover (105) and a transverse-axial flow drum guide plate (106);

a plurality of transverse axial flow roller threshing toothed bars (102) are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the transverse axial flow roller shaft (101), and a plurality of rows of transverse axial flow roller spike teeth (103) are arranged on the transverse axial flow roller threshing toothed bars (102); two ends of the transverse axial flow roller shaft (101) are respectively provided with a transverse axial flow roller disc (104); the transverse axial flow roller top cover (105) is arranged above the transverse axial flow roller shaft (101), and the transverse axial flow roller guide plate (106) is arranged above the transverse axial flow roller top cover (105).

4. The transverse and longitudinal combined threshing and separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse and axial flow concave sieve (2) comprises a feeding light plate (201), a grid type transverse and axial flow concave sieve (202) and a transition plate (203) which are connected in sequence.

5. The transverse and longitudinal combined threshing and separating device according to claim 4, characterized in that the grid type transverse axial flow concave sieve (202) adopts a grid type, the wrap angle is 67 degrees, and the concave clearance is 20 mm; the transition plate (203) is provided with a plurality of through holes which are arranged in an array.

6. Longitudinal and transverse combined threshing and separating device according to claim 1, characterised in that the screw feeding system (3) comprises an impeller structure (301), a helical blade (302) and a wind deflector (303); the helical blades (302) are uniformly distributed on the impeller structure (301); the air guide sleeve (303) covers the impeller structure (301);

impeller structure (301) adopt the back taper structure, helical blade (302) adopt two helical blade.

7. A combined transverse and longitudinal threshing and separating device according to claim 1, characterised in that the longitudinal flow drum (4) comprises a longitudinal flow drum shaft (401), a longitudinal flow drum spider (402), longitudinal flow drum spikes (403), longitudinal flow drum toothed bars (404), a longitudinal flow drum roof (405) and longitudinal flow drum deflectors (406);

a plurality of longitudinal axial flow roller toothed bars (404) are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the longitudinal axial flow roller shaft (401), and a plurality of rows of longitudinal axial flow roller spike teeth (403) are uniformly distributed on the longitudinal axial flow roller toothed bars (404); longitudinal axial flow drum breadth discs (402) are respectively arranged at two ends of the longitudinal axial flow drum shaft (401); the longitudinal axial flow roller top cover (405) is arranged above the longitudinal axial flow roller shaft (401), and the longitudinal axial flow roller guide plate (406) is arranged above the longitudinal axial flow roller top cover (405).

8. The combined transverse and longitudinal threshing and separating device according to claim 1, characterised in that the longitudinal axial flow drum (4) has a length of 1330-1350 mm and a diameter of 600-650 mm.

9. A combined transverse and longitudinal threshing and separating device according to claim 1, characterised in that one end of the cross beam (7) can rotate horizontally around the frame (6) by 0-90 °.

10. A combine harvester comprising a combined threshing and separating device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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