CN210516922U

CN210516922U - Bipolar lead-acid storage battery

Info

Publication number: CN210516922U
Application number: CN201921201200.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩乃炎; 韩倩
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Shenzhen Yuke Power System Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-29
Filing date: 2019-07-29
Publication date: 2020-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-29

Abstract

The utility model discloses a bipolar lead-acid storage battery, which reduces the lead consumption and the volume. The bipolar battery comprises a plastic shell with an inner cavity filled with electrolyte and a battery cover plate for closing the plastic shell, wherein a plurality of bipolar battery substrates are arranged in the inner cavity of the plastic shell at intervals side by side, each bipolar battery substrate comprises a silicon wafer, a metalized layer combined on the surfaces of two sides of the thickness of the silicon wafer, an electroplated layer combined on the outer surface of the metalized layer, a positive paste grid plate and a negative paste grid plate which are respectively arranged on two sides of the thickness of the bipolar battery substrate, and an AGM diaphragm is arranged between every two adjacent bipolar battery substrates. When the capacities of the two structures are the same, the lead consumption of the bipolar lead-acid battery is saved by 40-50%, the weight is reduced by 40%, and the charging and discharging speed is increased by 2 times.

Description

Bipolar lead-acid storage battery

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a chemical energy storage technical field, concretely relates to lead acid battery.

Background

As is well known, lead-acid batteries have been in service for nearly 160 years for humans, and are an important energy storage device that is indispensable in traffic, communication, energy, and various electrical utilities. In the last 160 years, lead-acid batteries have been the mainstay of energy storage devices, and even at present, the lead-acid batteries have never been driven in the market because their production has occupied more than 98% of all new rechargeable batteries when measured by the production capacity of energy storage devices, and thus the production and fabrication of lead-acid batteries have been scaled and become a huge industry.

However, the lead-acid battery has limited use due to low power density and energy density, and environmental protection. However, considering the first, the lead-acid battery is the product with the highest recovery rate (the recovery rate is more than 98% and even up to 100%) among a plurality of industrial products, and the lead-acid battery is higher than the recovery rates of aluminum, glass and the like, and can be called a model product of circular economy. Secondly, the safety of the lead-acid battery is different from that of a lithium ion battery and the like, which needs an additional protection circuit or measure to ensure the safety of the battery during operation. There remains a need for improvements in lead acid batteries in which the amount of lead used is reduced and the volume is greatly appreciated.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a bipolar lead-acid storage battery is provided, the lead consumption and the volume are reduced.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: the bipolar lead-acid storage battery comprises a plastic shell with an inner cavity filled with electrolyte and a battery cover plate for sealing the plastic shell, wherein a plurality of bipolar battery substrates are arranged in the inner cavity of the plastic shell at intervals side by side, each bipolar battery substrate comprises a silicon wafer, a metalized layer combined on the surfaces of two sides of the thickness of the silicon wafer, an electroplated layer combined on the outer surface of the metalized layer, a positive paste grid plate and a negative paste grid plate which are respectively arranged on two sides of the thickness of the bipolar battery substrates, and an AGM diaphragm is arranged between every two adjacent bipolar battery substrates.

Optionally, the silicon wafer is made of an N-type polycrystalline silicon semiconductor, and the thickness of the silicon wafer is 1.8-2.0 mm.

Optionally, the metallization layer is one of tungsten silicide, molybdenum silicide, titanium silicide, cobalt silicide, nickel silicide, and tantalum silicide, or a composite of any two of the two metal silicide layers.

Optionally, the metallization layer is formed by a sputtering method, and the thickness is 5-10 nm.

Optionally, the electroplated layer is a lead layer or a lead-tin alloy layer, and the thickness of the electroplated layer is 20-30 micrometers.

Optionally, the bipolar battery substrate and the plastic shell are integrally injection-molded.

Optionally, the inner cavity of the plastic casing is provided with a positive terminal plate connected with the positive pole and a negative terminal plate connected with the negative pole on two sides of the bipolar battery substrates, respectively, the inner wall of the plastic casing is provided with slots, and the positive and negative terminal plates are inserted into the slots.

Optionally, the positive and negative terminal plates are lead-calcium alloy plates, and brass sheets are inlaid in the positive and negative poles. Optionally, the positive paste grid includes a support grid and a positive active material combined with the support grid, and the negative paste grid includes a support grid and a negative active material combined with the support grid.

Optionally, the support grid is formed by injection molding of conductive plastic, the thickness of the support grid is 2mm, and the thickness of the positive and negative paste grid plates after paste coating is 3 mm.

The utility model adopts the above technical scheme, following beneficial effect has:

compared with the traditional (unipolar) lead-acid battery, the bipolar lead-acid battery taking the silicon wafer as the substrate has the following advantages:

1) in electrical performance, the bipolar lead-acid battery can obtain larger capacity;

2) in the aspect of service life, the cycle life of the bipolar lead-acid battery is prolonged by 2-5 times;

3) when the capacities of the two structures are the same, the lead consumption of the bipolar lead-acid battery is saved by 40-50%, the weight is reduced by 40%, and the charging and discharging speed is increased by 2 times;

4) because the bipolar lead-acid battery is manufactured by using silicon material processing equipment and adopting most of processing technology of solar silicon wafers, and the design of the patent has good compatibility with the existing production equipment of the traditional lead-acid battery, the manufacturing cost of the battery can be greatly reduced;

5) because the silicon wafer has good heat-conducting property, the heat dissipation is facilitated, and the heat dissipation is uniform, the bipolar lead-acid battery has no concern of thermal runaway, namely, the safety of the design of the patent is good;

6) the existing battery recycling equipment can be used for 100 percent recycling of the waste bipolar lead-acid battery, namely the recycling performance of the design of the patent is good.

In summary, high reliability, high safety and high recovery of energy storage products are the direction and goal of much manpower and material development spent in many countries. Therefore, the bipolar lead-acid battery designed and manufactured according to the utility model is a renewal product of the traditional lead-acid battery, and accords with the development direction of energy storage products.

The specific technical solution and the advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bipolar battery substrate according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the bipolar battery substrate and the plastic casing;

fig. 3 is a front view of the positive terminal plate of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a side view of the positive terminal plate of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the bipolar battery substrate, the positive paste grid and the negative paste grid;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the support grid of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the laminated structure of the positive paste grid plate and the negative paste grid plate with the AGM membrane of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the positive and negative paste grid plates and AGM separator of the present invention stacked and filled in a plastic case.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It is to be understood that the features of the following examples and embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the present invention, the words indicating orientation or positional relationship are based only on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device/element referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

According to the working principle, action and performance of the positive and negative plates of the traditional lead-acid battery, through research, the substrate of the bipolar battery can meet the following basic requirements:

1. the conductivity is good: the substrate plays a role of positive and negative grid current collectors, so that the substrate has better conductivity;

2. water cannot permeate: the base plate is a partition plate of the adjacent single-cell batteries, and the base plate cannot penetrate water, namely the electrolyte cannot be communicated, so that the isolation of the adjacent single-cell batteries is ensured;

3. and (3) air impermeability: each single-cell battery is provided with a gas circulation channel, and hydrogen and oxygen recombination and circulation are respectively completed, so that the base plate cannot ventilate;

4. acid corrosion resistance: the bipolar substrate is required to be soaked in a sulfuric acid solution with a specific gravity of 1.300 for a long time, so that the substrate is required to be resistant to sulfuric acid corrosion;

5. the potential is high: the substrate has high hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution overpotential to prevent hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution corrosion;

6. the adhesive force is large: the adhesive force between the substrate and the positive and negative electrode lead pastes is large, so that the positive and negative active substances are ensured to be firmly contacted with the substrate to reduce the contact resistance;

7. the hardness is high: because the positive and negative active substances are both paste-like soft bodies, the diaphragm adsorbing the electrolyte is also soft, and the substrate serving as a support body needs to have certain hardness;

8. the weight is light: one of the goals pursued by bipolar batteries is high specific energy by weight, so that heavier lead components are replaced by a light-weight substrate, thereby obtaining greater specific energy and specific power;

9. the strength is high: in order to connect the single batteries of the bipolar battery, certain pressure needs to be applied, and the highest pressure can reach more than 60KPa, so that the safety of the battery can be ensured only by requiring that the substrate can bear the crushing pressure of 80-100 KPa;

10. the recovery rate is high: the substrate is convenient to recycle and reuse, and is beneficial to environmental protection.

Example one

According to the basic requirements of the bipolar battery substrate and considering the development of the current material technology and process, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the lead-acid battery bipolar battery substrate 1 provided by the embodiment specifically comprises: a silicon wafer 11, a metallized layer 12 bonded to both side surfaces of the silicon wafer 11 in thickness, and a plated layer 13 bonded to an outer surface of the metallized layer 12, wherein the metallized layer 12 serves as a low-resistance conductive layer for improving contact resistance of the silicon wafer surface, and the plated layer 13 serves for conduction and adhesive bonding with an active material.

Silicon (Si) is widely present in nature and is a semiconductor material that is widely used by people. Particularly, in recent years, the development of renewable energy, namely solar energy, promotes the great development of the photovoltaic industry, so that the production of solar panels in China flowers all the time. The current situation not only enables China to become the first world large production country of the photovoltaic industry, but also enables the capacity of China in the photovoltaic industry to be greatly surplus. Therefore, the silicon wafer is used as the substrate of the bipolar battery, which not only expands and expands the application range and the field of the silicon wafer, but also greatly supports and expands the national circular economy and the silicon industry.

Performance and advantages of silicon wafers:

1. silicon (Si) is very abundant in resources and has been widely used;

2. the industrial chain of silicon is complete, and the processing technology is mature, so that cheap and good silicon wafers which are produced in large quantities can be obtained;

3. the silicon wafer is hard, the Mohs hardness reaches 7.0, and the integral strength of the battery can be ensured;

4. the silicon wafer is impermeable and airtight, so that liquid leakage is avoided, and the sealing performance of the battery can be ensured;

5. the silicon wafer is resistant to acid corrosion and can be soaked in a sulfuric acid solution with the specific gravity of 1.300 for a long time;

6. after the silicon wafer is reasonably doped, the conductivity can reach 1X10-1 to 1X10-4 omega cm;

7. the silicon wafer is lighter, the density is 2.33g/cm3, the density of lead is 11.34g/cm3, and the difference between the two is about 5 times, so that the silicon wafer is used as a battery substrate, the weight of the battery is reduced, and the gravimetric specific energy index of the battery is improved;

8. the silicon wafer has high mechanical strength, can bear larger assembly pressure and can ensure the stable performance of the battery;

9. bipolar batteries, composed of silicon wafers, can be 100% recovered using existing lead acid battery recovery equipment and systems; meanwhile, the silicon wafer can be re-melted to be made into a new wafer;

10. the silicon wafer is composed of monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon and amorphous silicon, and the polycrystalline silicon wafer is selected as the bipolar substrate.

Kind and selection of silicon wafer material: silicon wafers are semiconductor materials and are classified into intrinsic silicon, P-type silicon and N-type silicon. The majority carriers in the P-type silicon semiconductor are "holes" and the "electrons" are minority carriers, so that the P-type silicon semiconductor is conducted by the "holes". The majority carriers in the N-type silicon semiconductor are "electrons" and the "holes" are minority carriers, so that the N-type silicon semiconductor is conducted by "electrons". In addition, the charge transfer rate is 3 times slower when "holes" conduct than when "electrons" conduct. In addition, the current of the lead-acid battery is formed by alternately changing between 'electron current' and 'ion current', so that the N-type polycrystalline silicon semiconductor is selected as the substrate of the bipolar battery, and the current requirement is completely met. Of course, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the selection of other silicon wafer types as desired is not excluded.

Silicon wafers are classified into three grades by purity:

metallurgical grade (industrial grade): the silicon content is generally more than 90-95%, and some silicon content is as high as more than 99.8%;

the solar energy level is generally considered that the silicon content is 99.99-99.9999 percent, namely 4-6 and 9;

electronic grade (IC grade): generally, the silicon content is required to be 6 and 9, and the ultra-high purity is required to be 9-11 and 9.

Since solar-grade silicon wafers can achieve the performance required for the cell, they are preferably used as substrates for bipolar cells. Of course, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other forms of silicon wafer may be selected as desired.

Solar grade silicon wafers come in a variety of sizes, but the 156x156mm square silicon wafer is the most commonly used one and is also a product that is mass produced, so silicon wafers of this size are preferred. Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the dimensions of the silicon wafer may be varied as desired.

The thickness of the silicon wafer is designed according to the assembling pressure of the battery, and the bipolar lead-acid battery of the utility model aims to replace the existing power batteries of electric bicycles and electric automobiles, so that the bipolar lead-acid battery can bear huge impact force and resist vibration; the crushing pressure that can be withstood and the supporting action that can be taken up, in particular of the silicon wafer, are closely related to its thickness. Therefore, it is preferable to design the thickness of the silicon wafer to be 1.8 to 2.0mm according to the data of the actual vibration resistance and the crushing pressure of the silicon wafer. Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the thickness of the silicon wafer may be varied as desired.

Qualified silicon wafers are first subjected to surface treatment, deburring and cleaning, followed by surface metallization and electroplating.

Surface metallization treatment:

the surface of the silicon wafer has a robust semiconductor layer with poor electrical conductivity. In order to improve the contact resistance of the surface of the silicon wafer, a low-resistance conductive layer needs to be coated/plated on the silicon wafer, so that the surface-treated solar-grade silicon wafer cannot be directly used as a substrate of a bipolar battery, and the silicon wafer needs to be treated by a special process so as to meet the performance required by the substrate of the bipolar battery.

When the surface of the silicon wafer is metallized firstly, the conductive layer and the coating/plating process are selected specifically, not only the factors that the conductive layer needs to resist sulfuric acid, resist high temperature, have high conductivity, strong adhesive force, simple process, low cost and the like are considered, but also the existing equipment and process conditions are considered. At present, the following conductive layers can be selected, and any one or two of them can be selected as the conductive layer of the silicon wafer:

tungsten Silicide (WSi 2-Tungsten Silicide)

Molybdenum Silicide (MoSi 2-Molybdenum Silicide)

Titanium Silicide (TiSi 2-Titanium Silicide)

Cobalt Silicide (CoSi 2-Cobalt Silicide)

Nickel Silicide (NiSi-Nickel Silicide)

Tantalum Silicide (TaSi 2-Tantalium Silicide)

In this embodiment, the silicon surface metallization process is performed by sputtering, and the silicon wafer is subjected to surface metallization in a sputtering furnace at 600 ℃ for about 6 minutes. The thickness of the metallization sputtering is required to reach 5-10 nanometers, and a thin low-resistance conducting layer is formed on the surface of the silicon wafer so as to ensure the requirement of subsequent electroplating.

Electroplating: and plating an adhesive layer on the low-resistance conductive layer on the surface of the silicon wafer, wherein the adhesive layer is a lead-plated layer or a lead-tin alloy layer.

The adhesion layer is formed to provide both the coating layer with tough and good conductive properties and to provide good adhesion and bonding force with the active material. The electroplating process adopted in this embodiment is to electroplate a layer of lead-tin (Sn) alloy on the silicon metalized surface, and the thickness of the plating layer is required to reach 20-30 microns, so as to ensure that the silicon wafer meets the requirement of the conductivity of the bipolar battery substrate.

After the silicon wafer is electroplated, the silicon wafer can be used for manufacturing a substrate of the bipolar battery, and then the bipolar battery is assembled. The bipolar battery substrate is made by coating or mounting different positive and negative active materials on both surfaces of a silicon wafer. The silicon wafer may be coated and cured according to conventional lead acid battery manufacturing processes and ultimately formed into a bipolar battery substrate.

Example two

Referring to fig. 2, the bipolar lead-acid storage battery comprises a plastic shell 4 filled with electrolyte and a battery cover plate for closing the plastic shell, wherein a plurality of bipolar battery substrates 1 in the first embodiment are arranged in the cavity of the plastic shell at intervals side by side.

Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the inner cavity of the plastic case is provided with a positive terminal plate 2 connected with a positive post 21 and a negative terminal plate connected with a negative post at both sides of the bipolar battery substrates, respectively.

The terminal plate is a polar plate connected with positive and negative poles in the bipolar lead-acid battery. Because it is connected with the pole, it is not easy to be integrally injection-molded with the base plate and the shell, so it must be separately treated.

The positive and negative poles of the terminal board are the same and symmetrical. Therefore, the negative terminal plate structure can refer to the positive terminal plate 2 illustrated in fig. 3 and 4. The terminal plate is made of lead-calcium alloy plate with the thickness of 2 mm. In order to enhance the hardness and the conductivity of the pole, a brass sheet 22 with the thickness of 1mm is embedded in the designed pole.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, a positive paste grid 31 and a negative paste grid 32 are provided on both sides of the thickness of the bipolar battery substrate 1, respectively, unlike the direct coating of positive and negative active materials by the conventional process.

As an embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the positive paste grid 31 includes a support grid 30 and a positive active material combined with the support grid, and the negative paste grid 32 includes a support grid 30 and a negative active material combined with the support grid. Wherein the support grid 30 is used to support the positive/negative electrode active material, and is injection molded from a conductive plastic. The support grid 30 can adopt regular square grid structure, and every small square grid is the square, and the grid rib can be divided into thickness two kinds, and the grid rib of frame rib and a plurality of square grids in interval adopts thick rib, and other adopt thin rib. Of course, other regular or irregular grid structures may be used.

The positive/negative lead paste which meets the specification and quantity can be pasted according to the design of the polar plate capacity of the traditional lead-acid battery. The thickness of the positive/negative paste grid plate is 2mm, and the thickness of the positive/negative paste grid plate is required to be 3mm after paste coating, namely the over-coating amount is 1 mm. Then, the positive/negative paste grid plates are cured at medium or low temperature according to the curing process of the traditional lead-acid battery plate, and the cured positive/negative paste grid plates are respectively cleaned and stacked for use.

Taking the bipolar lead-acid battery substrate of the first embodiment as an example, the size of the bipolar lead-acid battery substrate is 156X156mm square. Considering that the substrate has three sides to be injection molded, each side should be kept 5mm away to be sealed in the plastic shell, and the other side should be kept 5mm away to be used when the cover is used, the effective area available for the final substrate is: 146X146mm²Since the thickness of the paste grid is 3mm, 146X146X3 is 14.6X14.6X0.3 is 63.948cm³Taking 63.95cm³Is the volume of the positive electrode active material. The specific gravity of the positive active material after drying is as follows: 4.5g/cm³Therefore, 63.95cm³X4.5g/cm³287.78g, which is the total weight of the positive electrode active material.

Usually, 1Ah of electric energy is generated per 9g to 12g of active material, and 1Ah of electric energy is generated per 10g of active material

287.78 g/10 g/Ah 28.778Ah, which is the theoretical capacity, i.e. 100% of the active substance is involved in the electrochemical reaction.

Since 100% of the active substance cannot participate in the reaction, usually only 40-50%, the reaction is carried out

28.778Ah ÷ 2 ═ 14.389Ah, which is the actual capacity, from which the capacity can be designated 15 Ah.

Of course, the capacity of the battery is also related to many other factors and must ultimately be determined after production statistics. Therefore, the substrate of 156X156mm (actually 146X146mm) can be designed as a 12V15Ah cell.

In addition, referring to FIG. 7, the positive and negative paste grids of a bipolar lead-acid battery are separated by an AGM membrane 33 to form a paste grid assembly 3. Meanwhile, the AGM diaphragm is also an undersaturation adsorbate capable of adsorbing sulfuric acid electrolyte, and the size of the AGM diaphragm is 2mm longer than that of each side of the positive paste grid plate and the negative paste grid plate.

A positive paste grid 31, two AGM separators 33 and a negative paste grid 32 are stacked with their centers aligned, taking care that the coated sides of the positive and negative paste grids face outward.

To ensure good performance of the battery, the stacked positive and negative paste grid plates and AGM separator were laid flat and then a hard plate was placed on top to press the stacked plates and AGM separator for 15 minutes to compress a 4mm thick AGM separator to 2mm thickness and to achieve a final compression ratio of AGM separator thickness of 25%, which corresponds to an assembly pressure of 40KPa (related to the performance index of AGM separator).

Referring to fig. 8, the compressed positive and negative paste grid plates and AGM separator were instantly packed into 6 cells of the integrally injection-molded battery case in the positive and negative directions in sequence.

Of course, the present embodiment is described by taking a 12V15Ah bipolar lead-acid battery as an example. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the number of bipolar battery substrates 1 and corresponding paste grid assemblies may vary depending on the capacity of the battery.

The first few steps of bipolar lead acid battery assembly, i.e., the stacking, pressing, and potting of the positive and negative paste grid plates and AGM separator, are described above in conjunction with the structure of the bipolar lead acid battery. After the above steps are completed, the accuracy and quality of the filling of the casing are checked and a short circuit test is carried out. And finally, sealing the cover, namely sealing the battery cover plate and the plastic shell (middle cover) by using glue seal.

After the above series of assembly processes are completed, the battery needs to be cured for a period of time, and the specific time period for curing will be determined by the process temperature. Thereafter, the manufacturing process of the bipolar lead-acid battery is the same as that of the conventional lead-acid battery, i.e., the processes of acid injection, formation and the like are performed, and details are not repeated herein.

Conventional lead acid batteries, which are simply parts containing lead (including lead powder in the positive and negative active materials), account for 73% of the total weight of the battery. The lead density is high and reaches 11.34g/cm³Almost 5 times as high as that of a silicon wafer (silicon wafer density of 2.33 g/cm)³). Therefore, compared with a bipolar lead-acid battery taking a silicon wafer as a substrate, the power density and the energy density of the traditional lead-acid battery are greatly reduced, so that the application of the traditional lead-acid battery in many occasions is limited.

The utility model discloses a bipolar lead acid battery has pertinence ground solved traditional lead acid battery and has used too much problem of lead content. In the lead component, a bus bar (the weight percentage is 6%) does not exist in the bipolar lead-acid battery, the positive grid and the negative grid can be replaced by a substrate made of a silicon wafer, the two grids are combined into a whole, the weight percentage of the positive grid and the negative grid can be reduced from 27% to 2.3% through rough calculation, the lead consumption of other components is also properly reduced, the weight of the bipolar lead-acid battery can be 40% lighter than that of the traditional lead-acid battery with the same capacity, and therefore the gravimetric specific energy of the battery is greatly improved.

Although bipolar lead-acid batteries and conventional lead-acid batteries are identical in their electrochemical operating principles, the structures, materials used and their manufacturing processes of these two batteries are quite different. The polar plates of the traditional lead-acid battery are of single polarity, namely, the positive and negative polar plates exist separately; the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the bipolar lead-acid battery are compounded on a substrate, namely, one surface of the substrate (current collector) is the positive electrode (coated with positive active materials), and the other surface is the negative electrode (coated with negative active materials). The bipolar structure not only enables the connection between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to reach the shortest distance, but also enables the effective sectional area of the positive electrode and the negative electrode to reach the maximum, and simultaneously saves connecting strips among 2V single-cell batteries.

The bipolar lead-acid battery reserves the positive and negative poles, the positive and negative active substances and the battery shell of the traditional lead-acid battery, and omits the positive and negative grids, the connecting bars and the bus bars of the traditional lead-acid battery. Therefore, when the bipolar lead-acid battery is expanded in capacity, in view of its structural flexibility, it is only necessary to connect a plurality of batteries externally in parallel, without adding a bus bar to connect more plates as in the conventional lead-acid battery. Thus, the lead consumption of the whole battery can be greatly saved, and the weight ratio energy of the lead-acid battery can be greatly improved.

The utility model discloses a bipolar lead acid battery is the renewal product of traditional lead acid battery. Because the novel lead-acid battery adopts the novel design of a bipolar structure, the lead consumption of the lead-acid battery is reduced by 40 to 50 percent, and other performances of the lead-acid battery are greatly improved, thereby realizing the leap development of the lead-acid battery. The bipolar lead-acid battery as a new-generation product can replace all the traditional lead-acid batteries in principle and makes a great contribution to the development of energy storage and new energy.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention includes but is not limited to the contents described in the above specific embodiments. Any modification which does not depart from the functional and structural principles of the present invention is intended to be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The bipolar lead-acid storage battery comprises a plastic shell with an inner cavity filled with electrolyte and a battery cover plate for sealing the plastic shell, and is characterized in that: a plurality of bipolar battery substrates are arranged in an inner cavity of the plastic shell at intervals side by side, each bipolar battery substrate comprises a silicon wafer, a metalized layer combined on the surfaces of two sides of the thickness of the silicon wafer, an electroplated layer combined on the outer surface of the metalized layer, a positive paste grid plate and a negative paste grid plate respectively arranged on two sides of the thickness of the bipolar battery substrate, and an AGM diaphragm is arranged between every two adjacent bipolar battery substrates.

2. The bipolar lead acid battery of claim 1, wherein: the silicon wafer is made of an N-type polycrystalline silicon semiconductor, and the thickness of the silicon wafer is 1.8-2.0 mm.

3. The bipolar lead acid battery of claim 1, wherein: the metallization layer is one of tungsten silicide, molybdenum silicide, titanium silicide, cobalt silicide, nickel silicide and tantalum silicide or the composite of any two metal silicide layers.

4. The bipolar lead acid battery of claim 1, wherein: the metallization layer is formed by a sputtering method and has a thickness of 5-10 nanometers.

5. The bipolar lead acid battery of claim 1, wherein: the electroplated layer is a lead layer or a lead-tin alloy layer, and the thickness of the electroplated layer is 20-30 microns.

6. The bipolar lead acid battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the bipolar battery substrate and the plastic shell are integrally formed in an injection molding mode.

7. The bipolar lead acid battery of claim 6, wherein: the inner cavity of the plastic shell is respectively provided with a positive terminal plate connected with a positive pole and a negative terminal plate connected with a negative pole on two sides of the bipolar battery substrates, the inner wall of the plastic shell is provided with a slot, and the positive terminal plate and the negative terminal plate are inserted into the slots.

8. The bipolar lead acid battery of claim 7, wherein: the positive and negative terminal plates are lead-calcium alloy plates, and brass sheets are inlaid in the positive and negative poles.

9. The bipolar lead acid battery of claim 6, wherein: the positive paste grid includes a support grid and a positive active material combined with the support grid, and the negative paste grid includes a support grid and a negative active material combined with the support grid.

10. The bipolar lead acid battery of claim 9, wherein: the support grid is formed by injection molding of conductive plastics, the thickness of the support grid is 2mm, and the thickness of the positive paste grid plate and the negative paste grid plate after paste coating is 3 mm.