CN210514594U - Magnetic field measuring device - Google Patents
Magnetic field measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN210514594U CN210514594U CN201920984581.5U CN201920984581U CN210514594U CN 210514594 U CN210514594 U CN 210514594U CN 201920984581 U CN201920984581 U CN 201920984581U CN 210514594 U CN210514594 U CN 210514594U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a magnetic field measurement technical field, concretely relates to magnetic field measuring device. The device comprises an atomic beam generator and a vacuum working cavity connected with the atomic beam generator, wherein a beam limiting hole is arranged on the path of an atomic beam in the vacuum working cavity, a measured magnetic field is arranged on the atomic beam behind the beam limiting hole, a front ionization grid mesh and a rear ionization grid mesh are sequentially arranged behind the measured magnetic field, and a microchannel plate is arranged behind the rear ionization grid mesh. In particular for measuring the strength of a magnetic field. The local property of the measuring result is good, and the high-efficiency and reliable measurement of the magnetic induction intensity can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a magnetic field measurement technical field, concretely relates to magnetic field measuring device. More particularly, to a magnetic field measuring method and apparatus based on atomic Zeeman effect.
Background
Magnetic field measurement technology is increasingly used for solving important national economy and scientific research problems, and is widely applied to the fields of military, resource exploration, scientific research and the like. The magnitude of the magnetic field can be characterized by magnetic induction and is a quantity that represents the magnitude of the effect that the magnet has on its surrounding air.
Magnetic field measurements are mainly performed with magnetic measuring instruments. For the measurement of a direct current magnetic field that does not change with time, commonly used measurement instruments include a torque magnetometer, a fluxmeter and an impact galvanometer, a rotating coil magnetometer, a fluxgate magnetometer, a hall effect magnetometer, a nuclear magnetic resonance magnetometer, a magnetic potentiometer, and the like. The method converts the measurement of the strength of the magnetic field into the measurement of other physical quantities, such as force, potential and light, through the physical law. The existing measuring method is based on a more complex magnetic field dependence relationship, the measuring precision is related to the magnitude of the induction intensity of a measured magnetic field, and strict zero setting calibration is needed before use.
In summary, it can be seen from the analysis that, in the background art disclosed in the prior art, it is a technical problem to be solved to develop a novel magnetic field measurement method with simple principle, fixed full-range precision, high efficiency and reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at solving the problem of present magnetic field measurement existence, providing a magnetic field measuring device. The principle of the device is based on the atomic zeeman effect. The device relies on simple physical relation, measures the magnetic induction intensity through measuring the energy of atom left optical rotation spectrum and right optical rotation spectrum and moves, and measurement accuracy can not change along with the change of magnetic field intensity, can realize that the magnetic induction intensity is high-efficient, reliable measures.
In order to achieve the purpose of the utility model, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a magnetic field measuring device comprises an atomic beam generator and a vacuum working cavity connected with the atomic beam generator, wherein a beam limiting hole is arranged in the path of an atomic beam in the vacuum working cavity at first, a measured magnetic field is arranged on the atomic beam behind the beam limiting hole, a front ionization grid mesh and a rear ionization grid mesh are sequentially arranged behind the measured magnetic field, and a signal detector is arranged behind the rear ionization grid mesh.
Furthermore, the measured magnetic field consists of an upper measured magnet above the atomic beam and a lower measured magnet below the atomic beam, and the upper measured magnet and the lower measured magnet are correspondingly arranged.
Furthermore, a laser beam is arranged in the measured magnetic field, and the laser beam and the atomic beam are intersected in the measured magnetic field.
Further, the front ionization grid and the rear ionization grid are both arranged perpendicular to the atom beam.
Further, there is a potential difference between the front and rear ionization grids.
Furthermore, the signal detector is perpendicular to the front ionization grid or the rear ionization grid, and the signal detector is positioned above the incident ray of the atomic beam.
Furthermore, an electrode column is arranged on the vacuum working cavity, and the signal detector, the front ionization grid mesh and the rear ionization grid mesh are all connected with the electrode column.
Furthermore, an electrode flange is arranged on the vacuum working cavity, an electrode column is arranged on the electrode flange, and the electrode column extends into the vacuum working cavity.
Further, there is a voltage difference between the post ionization grid and the signal detector.
Furthermore, a vacuum pump interface is arranged on the vacuum working cavity.
The magnetic field measurement method and device based on atomic Zeeman effect are realized based on the following theoretical basis: when the magnetic field is weak, atomic line shifts or energy level splits in the magnetic field are approximately proportional to the magnitude of the magnetic field. When the magnetic field is strong, the square term of the magnetic field effect cannot be ignored, and the energy level shift caused by the magnetic field can be expressed by the following formula (atomic unit)
At this time, a simple relational expression describing the relationship between the magnetic induction B and the energy level shift Δ E cannot be found, and therefore the magnitude of the magnetic induction cannot be calculated by measuring the energy level shift. However, when the laser is levorotatory or dextrorotatory with respect to the magnetic field, and the atomic transition corresponds to Δ m +1 or-1, the resulting levorotatory and dextrorotatory spectra are identical in structure, with only one shift in energy, which is numerically equal to the magnitude (atomic unit) of the magnetic induction, i.e., δ E ═ B. Therefore, the magnitude of the magnetic induction intensity can be obtained by measuring the energy shift of the atomic left optical rotation spectrum and the atomic right optical rotation spectrum.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, beneficial effect is:
the utility model discloses a measure the absolute value that energy between left optical rotation spectrum and the right optical rotation spectrum removed and obtain magnetic induction intensity, measurement accuracy mainly depends on the laser line width and is irrelevant with the power of measuring magnetic field, does not need the absolute value of calibration laser wavelength even, and the measuring result is only the magnetic induction intensity of atomic beam and laser beam intersection, and locality is good, can realize that magnetic induction intensity is high-efficient, reliable measurement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of another view of the present invention.
In the figure: the atomic beam measuring device comprises an atomic beam generator 1, a vacuum working cavity 2, a sealing flange 3, a first vacuum pump interface 4, an electrode flange 5, a second vacuum pump interface 6, an electrode column 7, a signal detector 8, an atomic beam 9, a beam limiting hole 10, a magnet to be measured on 11, a magnet to be measured under 12, a laser beam 13, a front ionization grid 14, a rear ionization grid 15, ionized electrons 16, a laser 17, a variable wave plate 18 and a laser window 19.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described and illustrated by the following specific embodiments.
Example (b):
the present application provides a magnetic field measurement apparatus; the current general method is to convert the measurement of the intensity of the magnetic field into the measurement of other physical quantities, such as force, potential and light, through the physical law. The principle on which the present application is based is as follows:
when the magnetic field is weak, atomic line shifts or energy level splits in the magnetic field are approximately proportional to the magnitude of the magnetic field. When the magnetic field is strong, the square term of the magnetic field effect cannot be ignored, and the energy level shift caused by the magnetic field can be expressed by the following formula (atomic unit)
At this time, a simple relational expression describing the relationship between the magnetic induction B and the energy level shift Δ E cannot be found, and therefore the magnitude of the magnetic induction cannot be calculated by measuring the energy level shift. However, when the laser is levorotatory or dextrorotatory with respect to the magnetic field, and the atomic transition corresponds to Δ m +1 or-1, the resulting levorotatory and dextrorotatory spectra are identical in structure, with only one shift in energy, which is numerically equal to the magnitude (atomic unit) of the magnetic induction, i.e., δ E ═ B. Therefore, the magnitude of the magnetic induction intensity can be obtained by measuring the energy shift of the atomic left optical rotation spectrum and the atomic right optical rotation spectrum.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the apparatus includes an atom beam generator 1 and a vacuum working chamber 2 connected thereto.
The atom beam generator 1 can generate an atom beam 9 of gaseous or solid matter;
set up vacuum pump interface on the vacuum working chamber 2, including first vacuum pump interface 4 and second vacuum pump interface 6 for carry out the evacuation to vacuum working chamber 2, simultaneously, set up sealing flange 3 on the vacuum working chamber 2, be used for the cooperation to carry out vacuum environment's predetermineeing. A beam limiting hole 10 is firstly arranged on the path of an atomic beam 9 in the vacuum working chamber 2, an atomic beam 13 freely flies for a certain distance and then passes through the beam limiting hole 10, and the beam limiting hole 10 is used for controlling the diameter of the atomic beam 9 so as to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The beam limiting hole 10 is used for controlling the diameter size of the atomic beam 13, and meanwhile, the beam limiting hole 10 in front of the laser beam 13 limits the size of a light spot, so that excited atoms are limited in a small space, and the uniformity of a magnetic field is guaranteed. The laser beam 13 is emitted from the laser 17, enters the vacuum chamber 2 through a laser window 19, and is then converged into the atom beam 9.
The rear part of the beam limiting hole 10 is provided with a measured magnetic field on the atomic beam 9, the measured magnetic field is composed of an upper measured magnet 11 above the atomic beam 9 and a lower measured magnet 12 below the atomic beam 9, and the upper measured magnet 11 and the lower measured magnet 12 are correspondingly arranged. A laser beam 13 is arranged in the measured magnetic field, and the laser beam 13 and the atom beam 9 are intersected in the measured magnetic field. The upper measured magnet 11 and the lower measured magnet 12 jointly act to generate a measured magnetic field, and the atomic energy level is split and moved under the action of the magnetic field.
The atom beam 9 passing through the beam limiting aperture 10 is excited by interaction with the laser.
A front ionization grid 14 and a rear ionization grid 15 are sequentially arranged behind the measured magnetic field, and a signal detector 8 is arranged behind the rear ionization grid 15. The front and rear ionization grids 14, 15 are both arranged perpendicular to the atom beam 9. The signal detector 8 is perpendicular to the surface of the front ionization grid 14 or the rear ionization grid 15, and the signal detector 8 is positioned above the incident line of the atomic beam 9. There is a potential difference between the front ionization grid 14 and the rear ionization grid 15. There is a voltage difference between the back ionization grid 15 and the signal detector 8. The signal detector 8 is typically a microchannel plate or delay line detector.
The excited atomic beam 9 flies freely into a field ionization region formed by the front ionization grid 14 and the rear ionization grid 15 to be ionized, and ionized electrons 16 are deflected in an electric field formed by the rear ionization grid 15 and the signal detector 8 and are detected by the signal detector 8. Compared with the linear incidence, the curved track avoids signal interference caused by impact of unexcited atoms on the signal detector.
In addition, a potential difference exists between the front ionization grid 14 and the rear ionization grid 15, and a voltage difference exists between the rear ionization grid 15 and the signal detector 8, and the two are specifically formed as follows:
an electrode column 7 is arranged on the vacuum working cavity 2, and a signal detector 8, a front ionization grid 14 and a rear ionization grid 15 are all connected with the electrode column 7. An electrode flange 5 is arranged on the vacuum working cavity 2, an electrode column 7 is arranged on the electrode flange 5, and the electrode column 7 extends into the vacuum working cavity 2. Wherein, the signal detector 8 is connected with two electrode columns 7, and the front ionization grid 14 and the rear ionization grid 15 are respectively connected with one electrode column 7.
The device specifically operates as follows:
the atomic beam 9 generated by the atomic beam generator 1 is acted by laser to generate atoms in an excited state, the atoms in the excited state enter between the front ionization grid 14 and the rear ionization grid 15 to be ionized, generated ionization electrons 27 are detected by a detector on the signal detector 8 under the action of an electric field, the detector transmits received analog signals to the data acquisition card, and the data acquisition card converts the received analog signals into digital signals to be stored in a hard disk of a computer; the laser polarization is changed through the variable wave plate 18, the atom left optical rotation spectrum and the atom right optical rotation spectrum are obtained, the translation amount of the energy of the atom left optical rotation spectrum and the atom right optical rotation spectrum is obtained, and the energy movement in the atom unit is numerically equal to the magnitude of the magnetic induction intensity.
The above embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way, and according to the idea of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A magnetic field measuring device is characterized by comprising an atomic beam generator (1) and a vacuum working chamber (2) connected with the atomic beam generator, wherein a beam limiting hole (10) is arranged on the path of an atomic beam (9) in the vacuum working chamber (2), a measured magnetic field is arranged on the atomic beam (9) behind the beam limiting hole (10), a front ionization grid (14) and a rear ionization grid (15) are sequentially arranged behind the measured magnetic field, and a signal detector (8) is arranged behind the rear ionization grid (15).
2. The magnetic field measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the measured magnetic field is composed of an upper measured magnet (11) above the atomic beam (9) and a lower measured magnet (12) below the atomic beam (9), and the upper measured magnet (11) and the lower measured magnet (12) are disposed correspondingly.
3. A magnetic field measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that a laser beam (13) is arranged in the measured magnetic field, the laser beam (13) and the atom beam (9) intersecting in the measured magnetic field.
4. Magnetic field measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that both the front ionization grid (14) and the rear ionization grid (15) are arranged perpendicular to the atom beam (9).
5. Magnetic field measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that there is a potential difference between the front ionization grid (14) and the rear ionization grid (15).
6. Magnetic field measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that the signal detector (8) is perpendicular to the front ionization grid (14) or the rear ionization grid (15) and the signal detector (8) is located above the incident line of the atom beam (9).
7. The magnetic field measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the vacuum working chamber (2) is provided with an electrode column (7), and the signal detector (8), the front ionization grid (14) and the rear ionization grid (15) are all connected with the electrode column (7).
8. A magnetic field measuring device according to claim 7, characterized in that an electrode flange (5) is arranged on the vacuum working chamber (2), an electrode column (7) is arranged on the electrode flange (5), and the electrode column (7) extends into the vacuum working chamber (2).
9. Magnetic field measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that there is a voltage difference between the post ionization grid (15) and the signal detector (8).
10. Magnetic field measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the vacuum working chamber (2) is provided with a vacuum pump connection.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920984581.5U CN210514594U (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2019-06-27 | Magnetic field measuring device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920984581.5U CN210514594U (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2019-06-27 | Magnetic field measuring device |
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| CN210514594U true CN210514594U (en) | 2020-05-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201920984581.5U Expired - Fee Related CN210514594U (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2019-06-27 | Magnetic field measuring device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112731225A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-30 | 西安交通大学 | Magnetic field measuring device and method with continuous spatial resolution capability |
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2019
- 2019-06-27 CN CN201920984581.5U patent/CN210514594U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112731225A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-30 | 西安交通大学 | Magnetic field measuring device and method with continuous spatial resolution capability |
| CN112731225B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-10-08 | 西安交通大学 | Magnetic field measuring device and method with continuous spatial resolution capability |
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Granted publication date: 20200512 Termination date: 20210627 |