CN210512734U - Heat exchanger, low temperature heat exchanger and cold box equipment including same - Google Patents
Heat exchanger, low temperature heat exchanger and cold box equipment including same Download PDFInfo
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- CN210512734U CN210512734U CN201920275309.XU CN201920275309U CN210512734U CN 210512734 U CN210512734 U CN 210512734U CN 201920275309 U CN201920275309 U CN 201920275309U CN 210512734 U CN210512734 U CN 210512734U
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Abstract
A heat exchanger, a low-temperature heat exchanger comprising the same and cold box equipment belong to the technical field of heat energy utilization. The heat exchanger and the cold box equipment are composed of a shell and a mosquito-repellent incense type or snakelike heat exchange pipeline arranged in the shell; a first inlet for introducing high-temperature fluid to be cooled is arranged at the top of the cavity formed by the shell, and a first outlet for outputting low-temperature liquid is arranged at the bottom of the cavity formed by the shell; the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil is communicated and stacked together from bottom to top to form a column shape, and a heat exchange pipeline of the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil is arranged in the cavity of the shell; and a second inlet of the heat exchange pipeline is led out from the bottom of the outer shell of the cavity, and a second outlet of the heat exchange pipeline is led out from the top of the outer shell of the cavity. The shell of the heat exchanger and the cold box equipment is also provided with a heat insulating layer, so that the heat exchanger can reduce the heat exchange between the inside of the heat exchanger and the external environment, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a heat utilization technical field particularly, relates to a heat exchanger and cold box equipment.
Background
The heat exchanger is a device for transferring part of heat of hot fluid to cold fluid, and is also called as a heat exchanger. The energy-saving device is an energy-saving device for realizing heat transfer between materials between two or more than two fluids with different temperatures, so that heat is transferred from the fluid with higher temperature to the fluid with lower temperature. The heat exchanger is mainly centralized in the fields of petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, electric power, ships, central heating, refrigeration and air conditioning, machinery, food, pharmacy and the like. The cold box is a group of high-efficiency, heat-insulating and cold-insulating low-temperature heat exchange equipment. The heat exchanger is packed in a box-shaped object by using heat insulating materials, which is often adopted in the air separation cryogenic separation process, because low temperature is easy to dissipate cold and extremely strict heat insulation and cold insulation are required, so that the heat exchanger is called as a cold box.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a heat exchanger and cold box equipment of mosquito-repellent incense coil pipe or serpentine coil pipe of high heat exchange efficiency can also reduce the heat exchange of heat exchanger inside and external environment simultaneously, improves heat exchange efficiency and realizes energy-conserving purpose. The embodiment of the utility model is realized like this:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a heat exchanger, which is composed of a casing and a heat exchange pipeline arranged inside the casing; a first inlet for introducing high-temperature fluid to be cooled is formed in the top of a cavity formed by the shell, and a first outlet for outputting low-temperature liquid is formed in the bottom of the cavity; a second inlet of the heat exchange pipeline is also arranged at the bottom of the cavity, and a second outlet of the heat exchange pipeline is arranged at the top of the cavity;
furthermore, the heat exchange pipelines are combined by an unlimited number of mosquito-repellent incense coil pipes or snake-shaped coil pipes, and the pipelines between the adjacent mosquito-repellent incense coil pipes or snake-shaped coil pipes are communicated in series or in parallel;
the heat exchange pipelines are one group or a plurality of groups and are arranged in an inner cavity formed by the outer shell of the heat exchanger.
Furthermore, meson input from a second inlet of the mosquito-repellent coil or the serpentine coil is liquid, and flows through the mosquito-repellent coil or the serpentine coil to exchange heat with high-temperature fluid to be cooled, and gas is output from a second outlet after the heat energy of the high-temperature fluid is absorbed and gasified;
furthermore, the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil is connected in series to increase the heat exchange length from the second inlet to the second outlet, and then connected in parallel to increase the heat exchange area of the pipeline.
Further, the shape of the mosquito coil or serpentine coil includes, but is not limited to, round, square, or rectangular;
the heat exchange pipeline is a mosquito-repellent incense coil or a snakelike coil with unlimited number, is communicated and stacked together from bottom to top to form a column shape, and comprises a cylinder, a square column or a rectangular column;
the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the columnar body formed by the snake-shaped coil is arranged in the cavity formed by the shell;
the second inlet conduit of the heat exchanger is introduced from the bottom of the housing of the chamber,
and a second outlet pipeline of the heat exchanger is led out from the top of the shell of the cavity.
Furthermore, an isolation bracket is arranged between the adjacent mosquito-repellent incense coil pipes or the serpentine coil pipes, and the isolation bracket isolates and makes the adjacent mosquito-repellent incense coil pipes or the serpentine coil pipes overhead, so that the heat exchange pipeline of the mosquito-repellent incense coil pipes or the serpentine coil pipes can fully exchange heat with the high-temperature fluid to be cooled;
the isolation support is made of solid heat-conducting metal and comprises round bars, square bars, trapezoids or round tubes and square tubes which are not limited to metal; on one hand, the function of the mosquito-repellent incense coil is to bear the mass of the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil; on the other hand, the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil is also used as a heat exchange sheet of the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil, so that the heat exchange area of a heat exchange pipeline is increased and expanded;
the isolation bracket is fixedly connected with the shell of the heat exchanger and comprises a welding part, a screw fastening part or a clamping groove.
Optionally, a liquid storage cavity is arranged between the isolation bracket positioned at the bottommost layer and the bottom of the shell; the high-temperature fluid flows to the liquid storage cavity after being cooled, and the liquid storage cavity is communicated with the first outlet.
Furthermore, a pressure protection device is arranged at the top of the cavity formed by the shell; and a temperature measuring device and a pressure measuring device; the pressure protection device includes, but is not limited to, a spring-type safety valve.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a cryogenic heat exchanger, including any one of the heat exchangers described above. The specific implementation is as follows:
the shell of the low-temperature heat exchanger and the heat exchange pipeline are both made of low-temperature resistant materials, including but not limited to austenitic low-temperature steel and ferritic low-temperature steel;
further, a heat insulating layer is arranged on the outer shell of the low-temperature heat exchanger; the input and output pipelines connected with the low-temperature heat exchanger and the interface are provided with heat insulation layers; the thermal insulation layer includes, but is not limited to, vacuum insulation panels, aerogels, foams, fibrous materials, glass wool, high silica wool.
In a third aspect, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a cold box device, including the heat exchanger of any one of the above items.
Furthermore, the periphery of the shell is sleeved with additional shells, and the number of the sleeved additional shells is one or more; an expanded heat exchange pipeline of the mosquito-repellent coil or the snakelike coil is arranged between the additional shell and the inner shell;
the expanded heat exchange pipeline is connected with the heat exchange pipeline inside the shell in series; a first inlet is arranged on the outermost additional shell and is used for introducing high-temperature gas to be cooled.
Further, liquid generated by cooling the expanded heat exchange pipeline is output from a liquid outlet at the bottom of the additional shell;
and a vent hole is arranged between the inner cavity of the additional shell and the inner cavity of the inner shell, and uncondensed high-temperature gas input from the first inlet enters the inner cavity of the inner shell of the additional shell step by step through the vent hole to be cooled continuously.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a beneficial effect is:
the heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the utility model comprises a shell, a heat insulation layer arranged outside the shell and a heat exchange pipeline of a mosquito-repellent incense coil or a snakelike coil arranged inside the shell; the heat exchanger of the embodiment has small volume in use, but has high heat exchange efficiency; the inside gas or liquid that is high temperature low pressure of casing, mosquito-repellent incense coil pipe or serpentine coil's heat transfer pipeline are withstand voltage pipe, let in low temperature liquid working medium after, with high temperature gas or liquid heat transfer, the inside low temperature working medium heat absorption gasification of mosquito-repellent incense coil pipe or serpentine coil's heat transfer pipeline forms the high pressure, lets in and drives the high-speed rotatory work of doing of steam turbine or expander. Meanwhile, the inside and the outside of the heat exchanger are completely insulated, so that the cold energy in the low-temperature heat exchanger is ensured not to be lost as much as possible. Adopt formula mosquito odor type coil pipe or snakelike coil pipe heat transfer pipeline of soaking for other plate heat exchangers, double-layered shell type heat exchanger, immersive coiler heat exchanger, be convenient for more make processing to small with low costs, and can also obviously improve the heat exchange efficiency of this heat exchanger.
The heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the utility model can realize the heat exchange between high-temperature liquid and low-temperature liquid; the high-temperature liquid input into the shell from the first inlet is changed into low-temperature liquid, and the low-temperature liquid is output from the first outlet at the bottom of the shell; meanwhile, the low-temperature liquid input into the heat exchange pipeline from the second inlet absorbs heat and is gasified, and then high-temperature and high-pressure gas is output from the second outlet;
additionally, the embodiment of the utility model provides a heat exchanger can also realize the heat transfer of high-temperature gas and cryogenic liquids. The high-temperature gas input into the shell from the first inlet is changed into low-temperature gas or liquid, and the low-temperature gas or the liquid is output from the first outlet at the bottom of the shell; meanwhile, the low-temperature liquid input into the heat exchange pipeline from the second inlet absorbs heat and is gasified, and then high-temperature and high-pressure gas is output from the second outlet.
In order to better output liquid from the bottom of the shell, the embodiment of the utility model is also provided with a liquid storage cavity at the bottom of the shell, the liquid storage cavity has a gas-liquid separation function, high-temperature fluid flows to the liquid storage cavity after being cooled, all low-temperature liquid fluid output from the bottom of the shell can be ensured through the liquid storage cavity at the bottom of the shell, and the liquid storage cavity is communicated with a first outlet output pipeline of low-temperature liquid; besides meeting the requirements of the heat exchanger, the low-temperature heat exchanger structure is also suitable for producing and manufacturing cold box equipment with special requirements.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts;
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view A-A;
FIG. 2 is another cross-sectional view A-A;
fig. 3 is a schematic overall structural diagram of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a cold box according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1-a first inlet; 2-a first outlet; 3-a second inlet; 4-a second outlet; 5-a shell; 6-mosquito incense coil or snake coil; 7-stacking the cylinders on a coil pipe; 8-an isolation support; 9-a liquid storage cavity; 10-weep holes; 11-supporting; 13-a pressure protection device; 14-a first liquid outlet; 15-a second liquid outlet; 16-a second vent; 17-a first vent; 18-a first expanded heat exchange duct; 19-a second expanded heat exchange duct; 20-a first additional housing; 21-second additional housing.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the position or positional relationship based on the position or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the position or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a sectional view taken along line A-A; the heat exchange tubes, shown as rectangular mosquito coil type coils or serpentine coils 6, are disposed in the housing 5.
For example, the mosquito coil or the serpentine coil 6 has a medium of low-temperature liquid which exchanges heat with the high-temperature fluid in the shell 5; because the tube bundle wall surface of the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil 6 is the heat transfer surface and is soaked in the fluid in the cavity formed by the shell 5, the tube bundle wall surface of the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil 6 can fully exchange heat with the high-temperature fluid in the shell 5, and therefore, the heat exchange efficiency of the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil heat exchanger is very high.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a heat exchanger, mosquito-repellent incense type coil pipe or serpentine 6's heat transfer pipeline can make up wantonly and the extension, in addition: for increasing heat transfer area, the embodiment of the utility model provides a heat exchanger can also carry out many mosquito-repellent incense coil pipes or serpentine 6 and carry out parallelly connected combination.
The lower side (and the upper side) of the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil 6 is also provided with an isolation support 8, the main purpose of the isolation support is to isolate and make the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil 6 adjacent to the upper layer and the lower layer overhead, and the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil 6 can be fully contacted with high-temperature fluid in the shell 5 and exchange heat. The isolation support 8 is made of solid heat-conducting metal and comprises but not limited to a square rod, a round rod, a square tube and a round tube, and the isolation support has the function of bearing the mass of the mosquito-repellent incense type coil or the snakelike coil on one hand; on the other hand, the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil is also used as an expanded heat exchange sheet, so that the heat exchange area of the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil 6 is increased, and multiple purposes are achieved; keep apart support 8 and set up between casing bottom and two adjacent layers of mosquito-repellent incense coil or serpentine coil, be favorable to mosquito-repellent incense coil or serpentine coil 6's heat exchanger pipeline and casing in the high temperature fluid carry out the heat transfer, keep apart support 8 and also soak in the high temperature fluid in casing 5, can fully contact and the heat transfer with high temperature fluid, consequently this kind of mosquito-repellent incense coil or serpentine coil's of formula of soaking completely heat exchange efficiency is very high.
The serpentine coil has a shape including, but not limited to, circular, square, and rectangular, and a rectangular serpentine coil is shown in fig. 1; the tubes of the serpentine coil are other than the coiled serpentine shown in fig. 1 (like a static coiled snake); in the rectangular shell shown in fig. 1, a snake shape in a shape like a Chinese character 'ji' can be further arranged, and the pipeline is folded back from one end of the rectangle to the other end and then is continuously folded back in a shape like a Chinese character 'ji'; be equipped with between the two-layer adjacent serpentine coil and keep apart support 8, keep apart and make somebody a mere figurehead two-layer adjacent serpentine coil 6 from top to bottom, be convenient for serpentine coil 6 can be abundant with the high temperature fluid contact and the heat transfer in the casing 5.
FIG. 2 is another cross-sectional view A-A; the heat exchange pipeline is a rectangular mosquito-repellent incense coil or a serpentine coil 6, and is firstly connected in series to increase the heat exchange length of the heat exchange pipeline; then, the heat exchange area of the heat exchange pipeline is increased by parallel connection; the length of the heat exchange pipeline of the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil 6 is continuously prolonged in series connection; the parallel connection is to continuously increase the heat exchange area of the heat exchange pipeline; the parallel connection position can be as shown in figure 2, and can also be arranged at the end position of the mosquito coil or the serpentine coil 6.
Fig. 3 is a schematic overall structural diagram of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;
as shown in fig. 3: the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil 6 shown in fig. 1 and 2 is sequentially communicated and stacked together from bottom to top to form a column, including but not limited to a cylinder, a square column or a rectangular column; the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil 6 is stacked into a coil stacking column 7 and is arranged in a cavity formed by the shell 5.
As shown in fig. 3: the top of a cavity formed by the shell is provided with a first inlet 1 for introducing high-temperature fluid to be cooled; a first outlet 2 for outputting low-temperature liquid is arranged at the bottom of the cavity; meanwhile, a second inlet pipeline 3 of the heat exchanger is led in from the bottom of the shell of the cavity, and a second outlet pipeline 4 of the heat exchanger is led out from the top of the shell 5 of the cavity; the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil 6 is sequentially communicated and stacked together from bottom to top to form a coil stacking cylinder 7; be provided with between two-layer mosquito-repellent incense type coil pipe or the serpentine coil 6 of upper and lower adjacent and keep apart support 8, it is built on stilts with adjacent mosquito-repellent incense type coil pipe or the isolation of serpentine coil 6 to keep apart support 8, makes the abundant heat transfer of the high temperature fluid of waiting to cool off of mosquito-repellent incense type coil pipe or serpentine coil 6's heat transfer pipeline and the input of first entry 1.
When the high-temperature fluid to be cooled input by the first inlet 1 is gas and the first outlet 2 outputs low-temperature gas, as shown in fig. 3: the high-temperature gas forms low-temperature gas after exchanging heat with the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil 6 and is directly output from the first outlet 2;
when the high-temperature fluid to be cooled input by the first inlet 1 is liquid and the low-temperature fluid is output by the first outlet 2, as shown in fig. 3: the high-temperature liquid forms low-temperature liquid to be directly output from the first outlet 2 after exchanging heat with the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil 6;
when the high-temperature fluid to be cooled input from the first inlet 1 is gas and the low-temperature fluid is output from the first outlet 2, as shown in fig. 3: the high-temperature gas exchanges heat with the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil 6 to form low-temperature liquid which is output from the first outlet 2; in order to better realize liquid output, as shown in fig. 3, a liquid storage cavity 9 is further arranged at the bottom of the heat exchanger, the liquid storage cavity 9 is formed by the bottom of the shell 5 and an isolation bracket 8 at the bottommost layer, and the isolation bracket 8 has a gas-liquid separator function and is provided with a liquid leakage hole 10 and a support 11;
the high-temperature gas to be cooled input from the first inlet 1 exchanges heat with the extremely low-temperature liquid input into the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil 6 from the second inlet 3, so that the high-temperature gas to be cooled input from the first inlet 1 is condensed into liquid, and the liquid enters the liquid storage cavity 9 for gas-liquid separation, so that all the liquid is output from the first outlet 2;
as shown in fig. 3, the embodiment of the utility model provides a heat exchanger, through establishing mosquito-repellent incense coil type coil pipe or serpentine coil 6 in casing 5 to and from the bottom up communicate in proper order and stack together and form coil stack cylinder 7, can abundant utilization from the second entry 3 input to low-temperature liquid in mosquito-repellent incense coil type coil pipe or serpentine coil 6 with the first entry 1 input treat that cool off high-temperature gas carries out the heat transfer, make the first entry 1 input treat that cool off high-temperature gas fully condenses into liquid, and export 2 from first export outward.
The low-temperature liquid input into the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil 6 from the second inlet 3 exchanges heat with the high-temperature gas input into the first inlet 1 step by step from bottom to top, so that the low-temperature liquid input into the second inlet 3 absorbs the heat energy of the gas and is gasified in the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil 6, the heat exchange pipelines shown in figure 3 are connected in series, then the heat exchange area of the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil 6 is increased in parallel, and an isolation support 8 is arranged between every two adjacent layers of coils as described above, so that the low-temperature liquid bears the mass of the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil 6 and the mass of the coil stacked column 7; on the other hand, the heat exchanger is also used as an expanded heat exchange sheet of each layer of mosquito-repellent incense coil or snakelike coil 6, so that the heat exchange area of the heat exchange pipeline is increased; simultaneously, keep apart support 8 and each layer mosquito-repellent incense coil pipe or serpentine coil 6 and casing 5 rigid coupling (including welding, screw fastening or draw-in groove), increase the mechanical strength of coil pipe pile cylinder 7 on the one hand, simultaneously with casing 5 rigid coupling back, can increase casing 5's compressive strength, no matter the gas in the 5 cavitys of casing is higher than atmospheric pressure or is less than atmospheric pressure, also no matter the casing 5 volume is big, can both bear high temperature high pressure or low temperature low pressure, and this heat exchanger not only heat exchange efficiency is very high, this heat exchanger mechanical strength is also very high simultaneously.
For example: the high-temperature fluid input from the first inlet 1 is liquid molten salt (or high-temperature steam) with the temperature of more than 380 ℃, the second inlet 3 is input with low-temperature liquid water, after the low-temperature liquid water is input into the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil 6 and the coil stacking cylinder 7 through the water pump, the low-temperature liquid water in the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil 6 exchanges heat with the high-temperature liquid fused salt (or high-temperature steam) with the temperature of more than 380 ℃ fully, the low-temperature liquid water absorbs the heat energy of the high-temperature liquid fused salt (or high-temperature steam) and is gasified to form high-temperature high-pressure steam, because the mosquito-repellent coil or the snakelike coil 6 and the coil stacked cylinder 7 are completely soaked in the liquid fused salt (or high-temperature steam) with the temperature of more than 380 ℃, the heat exchange efficiency is very high, an isolation bracket 8 is arranged between every two adjacent layers of coil pipes, so that the mosquito-repellent incense type coil pipe or snakelike coil pipe 6 and the coil pipe stacked cylinder 7 can bear the mass on one hand; on the other hand, the heat exchanger is also used as an expanded heat exchange sheet of each layer of mosquito-repellent incense coil or snakelike coil 6, so that the heat exchange area of the heat exchange pipeline is increased;
the embodiment of the utility model provides a mosquito-repellent incense coil pipe or serpentine coil 6 and coil pile up the cylinder 7 and soak completely in the liquid fused salt (or high temperature steam) more than 380 ℃, therefore the heat exchange efficiency of this heat exchanger is very high, consequently the high temperature high pressure steam of 4 exports from the second export, the heat transfer difference with the liquid fused salt (or high temperature steam) more than 380 ℃ is minimum, the high temperature high pressure steam of 4 exports can be imported and drive steam turbine or expander equipment high speed rotation and do work completely, output mechanical energy or drive generator output electric energy, the exhaust steam that steam turbine or expander discharged reduces again and becomes low temperature liquid water, continue to pressurize through the water pump and carry low temperature liquid water to second entry 3 and mosquito-repellent incense coil pipe or serpentine coil 6 in, continue to exchange heat and absorb heat energy with the liquid fused salt (or high temperature steam) more than 380 ℃, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam formed by gasification is output from the second outlet 4.
After the temperature of the liquid molten salt with the temperature of more than 380 ℃ input from the first inlet 1 is reduced, the formed low-temperature liquid molten salt is directly output from the first outlet 2;
after the water vapor with the temperature of more than 380 ℃ input from the first inlet 1 and the low-temperature water in the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snake-shaped coil 6 are subjected to sufficient heat exchange, the high-temperature water vapor is condensed into low-temperature liquid water, the low-temperature liquid water enters the liquid storage cavity 9 under the action of gravity to be subjected to gas-liquid separation, the uncondensed water vapor is continuously subjected to heat exchange with the low-temperature water in the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snake-shaped coil 6, and all liquid water is output from the first outlet 2 due to the gas-liquid separation effect of the liquid storage;
due to the requirements of the system and the process, the heat exchange pipelines can be one group or multiple groups and are respectively arranged in an internal cavity formed by the outer shell of the heat exchanger.
High-temperature fluids with different condensing temperatures are input into the second inlet 3 to be condensed; for low-temperature working media, after gas input from the first inlet 1 is condensed into liquid, in order to prevent the liquid from freezing and frosting, when the heat exchanger pipeline exchanges heat with low-temperature gas and liquid, according to the temperature of the condensed gas and the liquid, the heat exchange surface is reduced at a proper position or a heat insulation layer is arranged on the heat exchange pipeline, so that the further reduction of the temperature is prevented, and the freezing and frosting can be effectively prevented.
In fig. 3, a pressure protection device 13 is further arranged on the top of the cavity of the shell 5; and temperature and pressure measuring devices (together with pressure protection 13 for simplicity); the pressure protection device 13 includes, but is not limited to, a spring-type safety valve, and functions to limit the pressure inside the casing 5, when the pressure inside the casing 5 reaches or exceeds a set pressure range, the pressure protection device 13 acts to release the excess pressure inside the casing 5, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting heat exchanger (or cold box) equipment (or to meet the requirement of the system on the heat exchanger (or cold box), which is also a function that other common heat exchangers or cold boxes do not have), and at the same time, the pressure protection device 13 can also act and recover continuously and frequently, thereby meeting the special requirement of a special system process on the heat exchanger (or cold box).
In order to adapt to the application in the low-temperature field, the low-temperature heat exchanger shell 5 and a mosquito-repellent incense coil or a snakelike coil 6 are arranged; and the isolation bracket 8 is made of low temperature resistant material, including but not limited to austenite low temperature steel and ferrite low temperature steel; in order to prevent the loss of heat energy and cold energy in the heat exchanger (or the cold box), the heat exchanger shell 5 is also provided with a heat insulation layer, and the input pipeline, the output pipeline and the interface are both provided with heat insulation layers; the thermal insulation layer includes, but is not limited to, vacuum insulation panels, aerogels, foams, fibrous materials, glass wool, high silica wool.
The heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the utility model can be made into large-scale equipment at will, and can also be made into a cold box; the extremely low-temperature working medium input from the second inlet 3 can fully exchange heat with the high-temperature gas input from the first inlet 1, the temperature of the gas is gradually reduced, the gas is condensed into liquid and then enters the liquid storage cavity 9, and the low-temperature liquid is output from the first outlet 2; the extremely low temperature liquid input into the heat exchange pipeline from the second inlet 3 absorbs the heat energy of the gas, is gasified into high temperature and high pressure gas, and is output from the second outlet 4. The device can drive a steam turbine or an expander device to rotate at a high speed to do work or drive a generator to output electric energy.
Fig. 4 is an overall structural schematic diagram of a cold box device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4: the heat exchanger or cold box apparatus shown in fig. 3 is in the central region of fig. 4. Further, a first additional shell 20 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the shell 5, and a first expanded heat exchange pipe 18 (a section view, the first expanded heat exchange pipe 18 is shown as a left part and a right part in fig. 4) of a mosquito coil or a serpentine coil is arranged between the first additional shell 20 and the inner shell 5;
further, a second additional shell 21 is sleeved on the periphery of the first additional shell 20, and a second expanded heat exchange pipe 19 of a mosquito coil type coil or a serpentine coil is arranged between the second additional shell 21 and the first additional shell 20 (as a sectional view, the second expanded heat exchange pipe 19 is also shown as a left part and a right part in fig. 4);
further, the first expanded heat exchange pipeline 18 is communicated with the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil 6 in the shell 5 and the pipeline of the coil stacking cylinder 7 in series; the second expanded heat exchange pipeline 19 is connected in series with the mosquito coil or the serpentine coil of the first expanded heat exchange pipeline 18 in the first additional shell 20;
further, a first vent 17 is arranged between the inner cavity of the first additional shell 20 and the inner cavity of the inner shell 5; a second air vent 16 is arranged between the inner cavity of the second additional shell 21 and the inner cavity of the first additional shell 20 inside the second additional shell; the first inlet 1 is arranged at the top of the second additional shell 21; in fig. 4, the pressure protection device 13 is also arranged on top of the second additional housing 21.
Further, a first liquid outlet 14 is further formed in the bottom of the first expanded heat exchange pipeline 18, a second liquid outlet 15 is further formed in the bottom of the second expanded heat exchange pipeline 19, and liquid generated by cooling gas in the expanded heat exchange pipeline is output from a liquid outlet in the bottom of the shell;
the number of the additional shell, the expanded heat exchange pipeline, the air vent and the liquid outlet sleeved on the periphery of the shell is one or more, and the number of the additional shell, the expanded heat exchange pipeline, the air vent and the liquid outlet is two in fig. 4, and the specific situation can be determined according to the system process and the working medium input from the first inlet 1.
Further, the second additional shell 21 of the cold box (or the low-temperature heat exchanger) and the shell inside are provided with heat insulation layers, so that the cold box (or the heat exchanger) is isolated from the outside, and the loss of heat or cold in the shell is avoided; heat insulation layers are arranged on the input pipeline, the output pipeline and the interface; the heat insulation layer comprises but not limited to vacuum insulation board, aerogel, foam material, fiber material, glass wool and high silicon cotton, and the specific structure and number of layers for keeping low temperature and insulating heat are not specifically limited, which belongs to the technical field of keeping low temperature and insulating heat and vacuum insulation; the shell, the additional shell, the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil, the expanded heat exchange pipeline and the isolation bracket of the cold box (or the heat exchanger) are all low-temperature resistant materials, including but not limited to austenitic low-temperature steel and ferritic low-temperature steel;
as shown in fig. 4: the high-temperature gas input from the first inlet 1 is air containing water vapor and has certain pressure (after being compressed); the working medium input into the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil from the second inlet 3 is extremely low-temperature liquid nitrogen (the temperature is below minus 196 ℃); after being input from the first inlet 1, the air containing water vapor exchanges heat with a second expanded heat exchange pipeline 19 in the second additional shell 21, the temperature of the high-temperature air is continuously reduced, gases with higher boiling point temperature, such as water vapor, are condensed into liquid along with the reduction of the temperature of the gases, and the condensed liquid is output outwards through a second liquid outlet 15; the low-temperature gas which is cooled through the second expanded heat exchange pipeline 19 and is not condensed enters between the first additional shell 20 and the shell 5 through the second vent 16, and continuously exchanges heat with the first expanded heat exchange pipeline 18, wherein the gas temperature is lower than minus 60 ℃, gases such as carbon dioxide with relatively high boiling point temperature can be changed into liquid (or become snowflake-shaped), and the condensed liquid (or solid) can fall into a liquid storage cavity at the bottom of the heat exchanger or be discharged outwards through the first liquid outlet 14 due to large specific gravity; because the amount of the low-temperature gas in the air is not very large, even though snow flakes and icing phenomena exist, the influence on the cold box equipment is not very large, the cold box equipment can be automatically dissolved when the cold box equipment stops running, a plurality of additional shells and expansion heat exchange pipelines can be arranged, and more liquid outlets are arranged, so that the occurrence of the condition that the gas is frozen can be obviously reduced.
The most of the residual uncondensed gas is the low boiling point gas which is extremely difficult to condense, such as nitrogen, oxygen, argon and the like in the air, enters the inner cavity of the innermost shell 5 for final deep condensation, because the gas temperature is very low, the heat exchange area inside is larger, the added gas has pressure, the condensing temperature is higher than the standard condensing temperature, the extremely low temperature liquid nitrogen or liquid hydrogen is input from the second inlet 3, the heat exchange with the relatively high temperature low temperature air with high efficiency is highly likely to be compressed and condensed into low temperature liquid, which enters the liquid storage chamber 9, the low-temperature liquid air is output outwards through the first outlet 2, the uncondensed low-temperature gas is continuously in full contact with the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil 6 in the shell 5 and continuously exchanges heat, and finally the low-temperature gas is condensed into liquid which is output outwards through the first outlet 2.
The extremely low temperature liquid nitrogen or liquid hydrogen input from the second inlet 3 exchanges heat with air with relatively high temperature through the mosquito coil or the serpentine coil 6 and the coil stacking cylinder 7, absorbs heat and gasifies the heat to form high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas continuously enters the first expanded heat exchange pipeline 18 in the first additional shell 20 and the second expanded heat exchange pipeline 19 in the second additional shell 21 in sequence to continuously absorb heat, and the high-temperature high-pressure gas is output from the second outlet 4 at the top of the right side of the second additional shell 21. Optionally, high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters and drives equipment such as a low-temperature working medium turbine or an expander and the like to rotate at a high speed to do work, absorbed thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy or drives a generator to output electric energy, low-temperature exhaust steam after the work is done is condensed and reduced into liquid through a special system process, the liquid is continuously conveyed to the second inlet 3, the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snake-shaped coil 6 and the coil stacking column 7 through the low-temperature liquid pump to continuously absorb heat energy, the heat energy enters the first expanded heat exchange pipeline 18 and the second expanded heat exchange pipeline 19 to continuously absorb heat, and finally high-temperature and high-pressure gas is output from the second outlet 4, and the cold box and the heat exchanger continuously circulate and exchange heat. The mosquito-repellent incense type coil or the serpentine coil 6 is made of low-temperature-resistant steel materials and is required to have certain pressure-bearing capacity. The cold box structure is an enlarged version and expanded application of the low temperature heat exchanger 200 structure described above. The embodiment of the utility model provides a cold box or heat exchanger for other plate heat exchanger, jacket formula heat exchanger, immersive coil pipe heat exchanger and other cold box equipment, are convenient for make processing more, still have small and low cost advantage, and can also obviously improve the heat exchange efficiency of this heat exchanger.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heat exchanger is characterized by comprising a shell and a heat exchange pipeline arranged in the shell; a first inlet for introducing high-temperature fluid to be cooled is formed in the top of a cavity formed by the shell, and a first outlet for outputting low-temperature liquid is formed in the bottom of the cavity; and a second inlet of the heat exchange pipeline is also arranged at the bottom of the cavity, and a second outlet of the heat exchange pipeline is arranged at the top of the cavity.
2. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the heat exchange tubes are an unlimited number of mosquito coil type coils or serpentine coil combinations, and the tubes between adjacent mosquito coil type coils or serpentine coils are in serial communication or in parallel communication;
the heat exchange pipelines are one group or a plurality of groups and are arranged in an internal cavity formed by the outer shell of the heat exchanger;
the meson input by the second inlet of the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil is liquid, and flows through the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the serpentine coil to exchange heat with high-temperature fluid to be cooled, absorbs heat energy of the high-temperature fluid to be gasified, and then outputs gas from the second outlet;
the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil is firstly connected in series to increase the heat exchange length from the second inlet to the second outlet and then connected in parallel to increase the heat exchange area of the heat exchange pipeline.
3. The heat exchanger of claim 2, wherein the mosquito coil or serpentine coil has a shape comprising a circle, a square, or a rectangle;
the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil is communicated and stacked together from bottom to top to form a column shape, and comprises a cylinder, a square column or a rectangular column;
the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the columnar body formed by the snake-shaped coil is arranged in the cavity formed by the shell;
and a second inlet pipeline of the heat exchanger is led in from the bottom of the shell of the cavity, and a second outlet pipeline of the heat exchanger is led out from the top of the shell of the cavity.
4. The heat exchanger according to claim 3, wherein an isolation bracket is arranged between two layers of mosquito coil or serpentine coil which are adjacent up and down, and the isolation bracket isolates and makes the adjacent mosquito coil or serpentine coil overhead, so that the heat exchange pipeline of the mosquito coil or serpentine coil can fully exchange heat with the high-temperature fluid to be cooled;
the isolating bracket is made of solid heat-conducting metal and is used for bearing the mass of the mosquito-repellent incense type coil or the snakelike coil on one hand; on the other hand, the mosquito-repellent incense coil is also used as a heat exchange sheet of the mosquito-repellent incense coil or the snakelike coil, and the purpose is to expand and increase the heat exchange area of the pipeline;
the isolation support is fixedly connected with the shell of the heat exchanger and comprises welding, screw fastening or clamping grooves.
5. The heat exchanger of claim 4, wherein a liquid storage cavity is arranged between the isolation bracket at the bottommost layer and the bottom of the shell; the high-temperature fluid flows to the liquid storage cavity after being cooled, and the liquid storage cavity is communicated with the first outlet.
6. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the top of the cavity formed by the shell is further provided with a pressure protection device; and a temperature measuring device and a pressure measuring device; the pressure protection device includes, but is not limited to, a spring-type safety valve.
7. A cryogenic heat exchanger comprising the heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the cryogenic heat exchanger shell and the heat exchange tubes are both low temperature resistant materials comprising austenitic low temperature steel, ferritic low temperature steel;
a heat insulating layer is arranged on the outer shell of the low-temperature heat exchanger; the input pipeline and the output pipeline connected with the low-temperature heat exchanger and corresponding interfaces are provided with heat insulation layers; the heat insulating layer comprises a vacuum heat insulating plate, aerogel, foam material, fiber material, glass wool and high silicon-oxygen cotton.
8. A cold box apparatus, comprising the heat exchanger of claim 1.
9. The cold box apparatus of claim 8, wherein an additional housing is sleeved on the outer circumference of the housing, and the number of the sleeved additional housings is one or more layers; an expanded heat exchange pipeline of the mosquito-repellent coil or the snakelike coil is arranged between the additional shell and the inner shell;
the expanded heat exchange pipeline is connected with the heat exchange pipeline inside the shell in series; a first inlet is arranged on the outermost additional shell and is used for introducing high-temperature gas to be cooled.
10. The cold box apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein the liquid generated by cooling the expanded heat exchange pipe is output from the liquid outlet at the bottom of the additional shell;
and a vent hole is arranged between the inner cavity of the additional shell and the inner cavity of the inner shell, and uncondensed high-temperature gas input from the first inlet enters the inner cavity of the inner shell of the additional shell step by step through the vent hole to be cooled continuously.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920275309.XU CN210512734U (en) | 2019-03-05 | 2019-03-05 | Heat exchanger, low temperature heat exchanger and cold box equipment including same |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920275309.XU CN210512734U (en) | 2019-03-05 | 2019-03-05 | Heat exchanger, low temperature heat exchanger and cold box equipment including same |
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| CN210512734U true CN210512734U (en) | 2020-05-12 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114018081A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-08 | 上海齐耀动力技术有限公司 | Heat exchanger shell and heat exchanger |
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2019
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114018081A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-08 | 上海齐耀动力技术有限公司 | Heat exchanger shell and heat exchanger |
| CN114018081B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2024-05-10 | 上海齐耀动力技术有限公司 | Heat exchanger shell and heat exchanger |
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