CN210509454U

CN210509454U - Booster-type multi-runner hydraulic turbine set

Info

Publication number: CN210509454U
Application number: CN201921104172.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈钊根; 何凯希; 沈丹; 陈璨; 蒋昭; 杨柯; 熊建军; 任尚洁; 杨希华; 古彦辉
Original assignee: Zhejiang Fuchunjiang Hydropower Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Fuchunjiang Hydropower Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-15
Filing date: 2019-07-15
Publication date: 2020-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-15

Abstract

The utility model discloses a many runners of booster-type hydraulic turbine unit, including casing, main shaft and drainage channel, be equipped with two at least runners on the main shaft, the runner includes that at least one is higher than the last runner of drainage channel tail water level and at least one is less than the runner down of drainage channel tail water level, the runner outside is equipped with the casing that independently corresponds and to the inlet tube that the runner supplied water, go up to runner injection rivers and drive a plurality of nozzles of runner and main shaft pivoted on the inlet tube, still include with the casing in the air supplement pipeline of intercommunication, the air supplement pipeline is towards the runner tonifying qi so that the runner is located more than the surface of water. The utility model aims at providing a guarantee the usable flood peak of runner, reduce efficiency loss, improve the many rounds of hydraulic turbine units of booster-type of electricity generation economic benefits.

Description

Booster-type multi-runner hydraulic turbine set

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the hydraulic turbine field especially relates to a many running wheels of booster-type hydraulic turbine unit.

Background

The traditional impulse turbine structure is limited by equipment manufacturing capacity and transportation conditions. The single machine capacity is difficult to make a large breakthrough, and the maximum impact machine set can not break through 450MW in the world nowadays. In order to develop a large-capacity and high-efficiency impact type unit and meet the requirement of domestic hydropower development, a multi-runner impact type water turbine scheme is proposed at present, for example, a Chinese patent CN109296491A which is applied in advance discloses a multi-layer runner structure of the water turbine, the multi-layer runner structure comprises a main shaft and a water inlet pipe, a runner is mounted on the vertically arranged main shaft, a ball valve is arranged at the downstream end of the water inlet pipe, the downstream end of the ball valve is connected with a water distribution pipe, a nozzle is mounted at the downstream end of the water distribution pipe, the position of the nozzle is matched with the position of the runner, the number of the runners is at least; the number of the water inlet pipes is at least 2; the nozzle corresponds to the rotating wheel in position in a matching mode. However, the efficiency of the IEC standard water turbine is calculated according to the water levels of the upstream and the downstream of a river, so that the height difference of rotating wheels on each layer causes additional efficiency loss of 0.5% -1.5%, and as the multi-rotating-wheel impulse water turbine increases the output of a single turbine to million kilowatts, 0.5% -1.5% of the output still causes large power generation loss, the effective water head of a power station cannot be utilized to the maximum extent, and the waste of resources is caused.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model relates to an overcome not enough among the prior art, provide an usable flood peak of assurance runner, reduce efficiency loss, improve the many rounds of hydraulic turbine units of booster-type of electricity generation economic benefits.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a many changers of booster-type hydraulic turbine unit, includes casing, main shaft and drainage channel, be equipped with two at least runners on the main shaft, the runner includes at least one and is higher than the last runner of drainage channel tail water level and at least one lower runner that is less than drainage channel tail water level, the runner outside is equipped with independent corresponding casing and the inlet tube that supplies water to the runner, spout rivers and drive a plurality of nozzles of runner and main shaft pivoted towards the runner on the inlet tube, still include with the casing in the air supplement pipeline of intercommunication, air supplement pipeline is to the runner tonifying qi so that the runner is located above the surface of water. Like this, compressed air pours into the casing of runner down, has reduced the water level of runner down, makes runner down move below the tail water level, and the runner can set up the optimal position more than apart from the tail water level simultaneously, make full use of the upper reaches water level to the difference in height at runner center, and two runners all move under the optimal head of power station, have eliminated among the prior art every layer of runner elevation difference and have leaded to extra 0.5% ~1.5% efficiency loss, have improved hydraulic turbine unit operating efficiency and power station economic benefits.

Preferably, the tail end of the water inlet pipe is connected with a water ring pipe surrounding the periphery of the machine shell, a water inlet branch pipe communicated with the interior of the machine shell is arranged on the water ring pipe, and the water inlet branch pipe is communicated with the nozzle.

Preferably, the casing outside is equipped with a plurality ofly the inlet tube, the tail end of inlet tube is connected with the ring water pipe of arranging along the casing periphery, be equipped with on the ring water pipe and divide the pipe with the corresponding water intaking of being connected of part nozzle. Each runner is provided with a plurality of water inlet pipes simultaneously, so that the sizes of the water inlet valve and the water distribution pipe are effectively reduced, and the design and transportation difficulty is also reduced.

Preferably, the water inlet pipe is provided with a ball valve.

Preferably, the air supply pipeline comprises an upper air supply pipe communicated with atmospheric pressure and a lower air supply pipe filled with compressed air, the upper air supply pipe is arranged corresponding to the upper rotating wheel, and the lower air supply pipe is arranged corresponding to the lower rotating wheel. The upper rotating wheel is positioned above the tail water level, and the upper air supplement pipe adopts a natural air supplement mode, so that the energy consumption is saved. The lower rotating wheel is positioned below the tail water level, and compressed air is used for supplementing air, so that the lower rotating wheel is completely exposed in the air, and the running resistance of the lower rotating wheel is reduced.

Preferably, the drainage channel comprises an upper drainage channel positioned below the upper rotating wheel and a lower drainage channel positioned below the lower rotating wheel, and the tail end of the lower drainage channel is upwards communicated with the upper drainage channel. Like this, during rivers that go through the runner entered into last drainage channel, during rivers that flow through runner down entered into drainage channel down, the rivers of going up the runner can not influence the runner operation down, can effectively guarantee the generating efficiency.

Preferably, the upper part of the lower drainage channel is provided with a tail canal filled with compressed air, and the tail canal is arranged along the length direction of the lower drainage channel. When water passes through the casing, air is dissolved in the water, and the air in the water flow can be released to the tail water channel through the tail water channel, so that the stable air pressure in the casing of the lower runner is ensured.

Preferably, the lower part of the upper rotating wheel and the lower part of the lower rotating wheel are respectively provided with an overhauling platform, and the overhauling platform is provided with a water flow through hole communicated with the casing.

The utility model has the advantages that: (1) the upper rotating wheel is positioned at the optimal position above the tail water level, and the lower rotating wheel is positioned below the tail water level, so that the height difference of the water level is fully utilized, the head loss is reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved; (2) through the combination of the natural air supplement mode of atmosphere and the air supplement mode of compressed air, the upper rotating wheel and the lower rotating wheel are exposed in the air, the water head utilization of the whole unit is improved, and the economic benefit of a power station is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a structural arrangement of the water inlet pipe of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of another structural arrangement of the water inlet pipe of the present invention.

In the figure: the water supply device comprises a drainage channel 1, an upper drainage channel 1a, a lower drainage channel 1b, a tail water channel 101, a lower air supplement pipe 2, a system pipeline 3, an upper air supplement pipe 4, an upper rotary wheel 5, a bearing 6, a main shaft 7, a nozzle 8, a machine shell 9, an overhauling platform 10, a water inlet pipe 11, an annular water pipe 11a, a water inlet branch pipe 11b, a ball valve 12, a lower rotary wheel 13 and a drainage channel tail water level 14.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, a supercharged multi-runner turbine unit comprises a casing 9, a main shaft 7 and a drainage channel 1, wherein at least two runners are arranged on the main shaft 7, and the main shaft 7 in the embodiment has two runners which comprise an upper runner 5 and a lower runner 13. The upper rotating wheel 5 and the lower rotating wheel 13 are fixed on the main shaft 7, the main shaft 7 is provided with a bearing 6 which is positioned with the machine shell 9, the bearing adopts a fixed bearing bush or an adjustable block bearing bush structure, and the position of the bearing can be arranged below the rotating wheels, above the rotating wheels or among a plurality of rotating wheels. Even the water turbine bearing can be eliminated, and the generator bearing can be shared. The position and the number of the bearings are reasonable according to the calculation result of the shafting, and the maintenance is convenient.

The outside of the rotating wheel is provided with an independently corresponding shell 9 and a water inlet pipe 11 for supplying water to the rotating wheel, the shell 9 and the water inlet pipe 11 are arranged in the isolation concrete, the shell 9 keeps sealed, and a plurality of nozzles 8 which drive the rotating wheel and the main shaft 7 to rotate are sprayed towards the rotating wheel on the water inlet pipe 11. Furthermore, a system line 3 is provided, which opens or closes the nozzle 8 by delivering hydraulic medium. As shown in fig. 2, the tail end of the water inlet pipe 11 is connected with a water-surrounding pipe 11a surrounding the periphery of the casing 9, the water-surrounding pipe 11a is provided with a water inlet branch pipe 11b leading into the casing 9, and the water inlet branch pipe 11b is communicated with the nozzle 8. Besides the above scheme, a plurality of water inlet pipes 11 may be arranged outside the casing 9, as shown in fig. 3, two water inlet pipes are arranged outside the casing 9, the tail end of the water inlet pipe 11 is connected with a water-surrounding pipe 11a arranged along the periphery of the casing 9, a water inlet branch pipe 11b correspondingly connected with one half of the nozzles is arranged on the water-surrounding pipe 11a of one water inlet pipe, and a water inlet branch pipe 11b correspondingly connected with the other half of the nozzles is arranged on the water-surrounding pipe 11a of the other water inlet pipe. Be equipped with ball valve 12 on the inlet tube 11, the unit overhauls or cuts off rivers through ball valve 12 under the emergency, arranges the condition according to the inlet tube and can arrange a plurality of ball valves by layers, also can arrange a plurality of ball valves on the same layer.

The drainage channel 1 comprises an upper drainage channel 1a positioned below the upper runner 5 and a lower drainage channel 1b positioned below the lower runner 13, and the tail end of the lower drainage channel 1b is upwards communicated with the upper drainage channel 1 a. The water level in the upper drainage channel 1a is the tail water level, the upper runner 5 is positioned higher than the drainage channel tail water level 14, and the lower runner 13 is positioned lower than the drainage channel tail water level 14. The upper part of the lower drainage channel 1b is provided with a tail canal 101 filled with compressed air, the tail canal 101 is positioned in an isolated concrete structure, and the tail canal 101 is arranged along the length direction of the lower drainage channel 1 b.

In order to ensure that the rotating wheel is exposed in the air, an air supplementing pipeline is arranged and communicated with the inside of the machine shell 9, and the air supplementing pipeline supplements air for the rotating wheel so as to enable the rotating wheel to be positioned above the water surface. The air supplement pipeline comprises an upper air supplement pipe 4 communicated with atmospheric pressure and a lower air supplement pipe 2 communicated with compressed air, the upper air supplement pipe 4 is arranged corresponding to the upper rotary wheel 5, and the upper air supplement pipe 4 is communicated into the shell 9 of the upper rotary wheel 5. The lower air supply pipe 2 is arranged corresponding to the lower rotary wheel 13, the lower air supply pipe 2 is connected with air compression equipment such as an air compressor, and the lower air supply pipe 2 is introduced into the shell 9 of the lower rotary wheel 13.

Go up the runner 5 below and the below of runner 13 is equipped with respectively overhauls platform 10, provides runner nozzle 8 and overhauls the operation platform of maintaining, overhauls and is equipped with the rivers through-hole of intercommunication casing 9 on the platform 10, and the guide steadily gets into drainage channel 1 through the rivers behind the runner.

In the actual operation process, need carry out the tonifying qi to the runner before the unit operation, wherein go up runner 5 tonifying qi position and can carry out the tonifying qi through casing 9 runner, also can open upper air supplement pipe 4 and carry out the tonifying qi to the runner for go up runner 5 at the optimal position more than apart from the tail water level, make full use of the difference in height of upper reaches water level to runner center. Meanwhile, compressed air is injected into the shell 9 of the lower rotary wheel 13 through the lower air supply pipe 2, so that the water level of the lower rotary wheel 13 is reduced, and the lower rotary wheel 13 is below the tail water level. The water flow from the water inlet pipe 11 acts on the water bucket on the outer edge of the rotating wheel through each nozzle 8, and the rotating wheel is pushed to rotate together with the main shaft 7. The water flow passing through the upper runner 5 is discharged downwardly out of the cabinet 9 from the upper drainage passage 1 a. The water flow passing through the lower runner 13 enters downward into the lower drainage channel 1b, the lower drainage channel 1b is provided with a tail canal 101, air in the water is released to the tail canal 101 when the water flow passes through the tail canal 101, and the water finally exits the housing 9 from the lower drainage channel 1b and joins with the upper drainage channel 1 a.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a many runners of booster-type hydraulic turbine unit, includes casing (9), main shaft (7) and drainage channel (1), characterized by, be equipped with two at least runners on main shaft (7), the runner includes last runner (5) that at least one is higher than drainage channel tail water level and at least one runner (13) down that is less than drainage channel tail water level, the runner outside is equipped with independent casing (9) that correspond and inlet tube (11) to the runner water supply, go up to runner injection rivers drive a plurality of nozzles (8) of runner and main shaft (7) pivoted on inlet tube (11), still include with the moisturizing pipeline of casing (9) interior intercommunication, the moisturizing pipeline is to the runner tonifying qi so that the runner is located above the surface of water.

2. The supercharged multi-runner hydraulic turbine unit according to claim 1, wherein the tail end of the water inlet pipe (11) is connected with a water-surrounding pipe (11 a) surrounding the outer periphery of the casing (9), the water-surrounding pipe (11 a) is provided with a water inlet branch pipe (11 b) leading into the casing (9), and the water inlet branch pipe (11 b) is communicated with the nozzle (8).

3. The supercharged multi-runner hydraulic turbine unit according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of water inlet pipes (11) are provided outside the casing (9), the tail ends of the water inlet pipes (11) are connected with water-circulating pipes (11 a) arranged along the periphery of the casing (9), and the water-circulating pipes (11 a) are provided with water-inlet branch pipes (11 b) correspondingly connected with the partial nozzles (8).

4. The supercharged multi-rotor turbine unit as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the water inlet pipe (11) is provided with a ball valve (12).

5. The supercharged multi-runner water turbine unit according to claim 1, wherein the air supply line includes an upper air supply pipe (4) communicating with atmospheric pressure and a lower air supply pipe (2) introducing compressed air, the upper air supply pipe (4) is disposed corresponding to the upper runner (5), and the lower air supply pipe (2) is disposed corresponding to the lower runner (13).

6. The supercharged multi-runner hydraulic turbine unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drain passage (1) comprises an upper drain passage (1 a) located below the upper runner (5) and a lower drain passage (1 b) located below the lower runner (13), and the tail end of the lower drain passage (1 b) is communicated upward with the upper drain passage (1 a).

7. The supercharged multi-runner turbine unit of claim 6, wherein a tailrace (101) for charging compressed air is provided in an upper portion of the lower drainage passage (1 b), and the tailrace (101) is arranged along a length direction of the lower drainage passage (1 b).

8. The supercharged multi-runner hydraulic turbine unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein an overhaul platform (10) is provided below the upper runner (5) and below the lower runner (13), and a water flow through hole communicated with the casing (9) is provided in the overhaul platform (10).