CN210505741U - Membrane bioreactor and sewage treatment system - Google Patents
Membrane bioreactor and sewage treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210505741U CN210505741U CN201921213493.1U CN201921213493U CN210505741U CN 210505741 U CN210505741 U CN 210505741U CN 201921213493 U CN201921213493 U CN 201921213493U CN 210505741 U CN210505741 U CN 210505741U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The utility model provides a membrane bioreactor and a sewage treatment system, the membrane bioreactor comprises a reactor shell, an anode material, a cathode material, a membrane component, a first aeration device and a second aeration device which are arranged in the inner cavity of the reactor shell, and an external load connected with the anode material and the cathode material, wherein the inner cavity of the reactor shell is filled with aerobic activated sludge, and the surface of the anode material is attached with common anaerobic bacteria, electrogenic bacteria and worms; anaerobic bacteria are attached to the inner layer of the surface of the cathode material, and aerobic bacteria are attached to the outer layer of the surface of the cathode material. The utility model is simple in operation, realize sewage nitrification and denitrification in step, improve total nitrogen and get rid of efficiency, carry out microorganism electrogenesis in degradation mud, control and slow down the membrane pollution, realize mud minimizing and resourceization, the treatment effeciency is high, and it is good to go out water quality of water, arranges compactly, and area is little, easily realizes automatic control, has extensive application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a biological sewage treatment technology, in particular to a membrane bioreactor and a sewage treatment system.
Background
The Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) effectively combines a membrane separation technology with an activated sludge process, is a novel high-efficiency sewage treatment technology, and is considered to be the most promising sewage treatment technology developed at the end of the 20 th century. The membrane bioreactor has the advantages of high effluent quality, compact equipment, high integrated automation degree, simple operation, small occupied area, low sludge yield and the like, and is one of the most effective technologies for solving the problems of serious water pollution and water resource shortage in China.
The membrane bioreactor inevitably generates the problem of membrane pollution in the operation process, the mechanical action or the physical and chemical action is generated between inorganic matters such as microbial cells, metabolites generated in the metabolic process of the microbial cells, colloidal particles in sewage, macromolecular organic matters, metal ions and the like and the membrane, and the adsorption and deposition on the surface of the membrane and in membrane pores cause the reduction of the effective filtration area of the membrane and the blockage of the membrane pores. The generation of membrane pollution can directly cause the filtration performance of the membrane component to be poor, the pressure required by filtration is rapidly increased, the service life of the membrane component is shortened, the system cannot normally operate in severe cases, and the operation cost of the MBR process is greatly increased due to the high-frequency membrane cleaning and membrane replacement. At present, the membrane pollution problem is still a key bottleneck problem limiting the wide application of the membrane bioreactor technology.
Biological treatment combines together with the membrane interception effect among the aerobic membrane bioreactor, can realize getting rid of the high efficiency of pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, COD, SS, turbidity in the sewage, but single aerobic membrane bioreactor is difficult to realize effectively getting rid of total nitrogen, need combine together with the anaerobism biological treatment unit, leads to the technology complicated, and the control degree of difficulty is big scheduling problem, needs to develop the membrane biological reaction system that can realize sewage synchronous nitrification and denitrification urgently.
In addition, although compared with the conventional activated sludge process, the membrane bioreactor has high sludge concentration, long sludge age and low excess sludge yield, the membrane bioreactor still faces the problem of excess sludge treatment, and excess sludge generated in the membrane bioreactor has high viscosity, poor settleability and dehydration property and difficult treatment and disposal, so that a membrane bioreactor system capable of synchronously realizing sludge reduction and recycling is urgently required to be developed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
One of the purposes of the utility model is to provide a membrane bioreactor to solve the problems that the membrane pollution of the existing membrane bioreactor is serious, and the difficulty of synchronous nitrification and denitrification of sewage and residual sludge treatment can not be realized synchronously.
The second purpose of the utility model is to provide a sewage treatment system to realize that sewage is nitrified and denitrified synchronously and mud minimizing and resourceization.
One of the purposes of the utility model is realized as follows:
a membrane bioreactor comprising:
the reactor comprises a reactor shell, wherein a reactor water inlet and a reactor water outlet are formed in the reactor shell;
the anode material, the cathode material, the membrane component, the first aeration device and the second aeration device are arranged in the inner cavity of the reactor shell; aerobic activated sludge is contained in the inner cavity of the reactor shell; the first aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the reactor shell, and the second aeration device is arranged at the upper part of the first aeration device; the anode material is positioned between the first aeration device and the second aeration device, and common anaerobic bacteria, electrogenesis bacteria and worms are attached to the surface of the anode material; the cathode material is positioned below the liquid level in the reactor, anaerobic bacteria are attached to the inner layer of the surface of the cathode material, and aerobic bacteria are attached to the outer layer of the surface of the cathode material; the membrane module is arranged between the second aeration device and the cathode material, and a membrane module water outlet is arranged on the membrane module and is connected with the reactor water outlet; and
and the external load is arranged outside the reactor shell and is connected with the anode material and the cathode material through leads.
The first aeration device is connected with a first air pump through a pipeline, and the first aeration device adopts an intermittent aeration operation mode; the second aeration device is connected with a second air pump through a pipeline, and the second aeration device adopts a continuous aeration operation mode.
The intermittent aeration operation mode of the first aeration device is that the aeration closing time is 10-24 hours, and the aeration opening time is 5-15 min; more preferably, the aeration off-time is 12h and the aeration on-time is 10 min.
The reactor water inlet is arranged at the middle lower part of the reactor, and preferably, the reactor water inlet is arranged between the membrane module and the second aeration device.
The anode material is carbon felt or carbon brush; the cathode material is carbon brush, carbon felt, carbon cloth, carbon paper, graphite plate or stainless steel mesh.
The membrane component is a hollow fiber curtain membrane or a plate type membrane.
The concentration of aerobic activated sludge contained in the membrane bioreactor can be adjusted according to needs, and preferably, the concentration of the aerobic activated sludge is 9000-14000 mg/L; more preferably, the concentration of the aerobic activated sludge is 10000 mg/L.
The common anaerobic bacteria, electrogenesis bacteria and worms are attached to the surface of the anode material, the anaerobic bacteria attached to the inner layer and the aerobic bacteria attached to the outer layer of the surface of the cathode material are attached to the surfaces of the anode material and the cathode material through inoculation. Specifically, the external resistance is set to be 1000 ohms, inoculation is carried out according to reaction parameters of sewage to be treated at the later stage, electrochemical active bacteria are gradually enriched on the surfaces of an anode and a cathode in the initial stage of inoculation of the reactor, namely common anaerobic bacteria, electrogenic bacteria and worms are enriched on the surface of an anode material, anaerobic bacteria and aerobic bacteria are enriched on the surface of a cathode material, the output voltage is gradually increased, the maximum output voltage is stabilized at about 450mV 30 days after inoculation, the maximum output voltage is not increased along with the extension of the operation time, and then the system inoculation is successful.
The worm species and the worm load attached to the surface of the anode material can be adjusted according to the requirement, and preferably, the worm load of the surface of the anode material is 0.4kg/m2(ii) a The worm is a vermicularia vermicularis, including eutrilla vermicularis, limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and lumbricus periwinkle, wherein the dominant species is eutrilla vermicularis.
The external load can be adjusted according to the requirement, and preferably, the external load is 5 omega; an internal electric field environment with the strength of 0.042V/cm is formed between the anode material and the cathode material, and the output voltage is 11.5 mV.
Preferably, the membrane bioreactor has a volume of 18L, and the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height is 30cm multiplied by 20cm multiplied by 30 cm; the distance between the anode material and the first aeration device and the distance between the anode material and the second aeration device are both 2cm, the cathode material is positioned below the sewage liquid level, the distance between the cathode material and the sewage liquid level is 3cm, and the distance between the cathode material and the top of the membrane module is 2 cm; the distance between the bottom of the membrane module and the second aeration device is 3 cm.
The second purpose of the utility model is realized like this:
a sewage treatment system comprises the membrane bioreactor.
Preferably, the sewage treatment system comprises a raw water tank and a membrane bioreactor, wherein a water outlet of the raw water tank is connected with a water inlet of the membrane bioreactor through a water inlet pump so as to convey sewage in the raw water tank into the membrane bioreactor for treatment.
The water outlet of the reactor is connected with a water outlet pump so as to discharge the treated water or carry out subsequent treatment.
The utility model discloses an ordinary anaerobe of anode material surface adhesion that sets up in membrane bioreactor, electrogenesis fungus and worm, it has anaerobe to adhere to at the surface inlayer of cathode material, the skin adheres to there is good oxygen fungus, and set up external load between anode material and cathode material, realize sewage nitrification and denitrification in step, improve total nitrogen and get rid of efficiency, carry out microorganism electrogenesis in degradation mud, the electric energy is retrieved, control slows down membrane pollution, realize mud decrement ization and resourceization.
The utility model is simple in operation, the treatment effeciency is high, and it is good to go out water quality of water, arranges the compactness, and area is little, easily realizes automatic control, has extensive application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sewage treatment system.
In the figure, the reactor comprises a raw water tank 1, a raw water tank 2, a raw water tank water outlet 3, a water inlet pump 4, a reactor shell 5, a reactor water inlet 6, a first aeration device 7, a first air pump 8, an anode material 9, a second aeration device 10, a second air pump 11, a membrane module 12, a water outlet pump 13, a cathode material 14, an external load 15 and a reactor water outlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are given by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.
Procedures and methods not described in detail in the following examples are conventional methods well known in the art, and reagents or materials used in the examples are commercially available or prepared by methods well known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in figure 1, the membrane bioreactor of the present invention comprises a reactor shell 4, an anode material 8, a cathode material 13, a membrane module 11, a first aeration device 6, a second aeration device 9, a reactor water inlet 5, a reactor water outlet 15 and an external load 14.
An anode material 8, a cathode material 13, a membrane component 11, a first aeration device 6 and a second aeration device 9 are arranged in the inner cavity of the reactor shell 4, and aerobic activated sludge is contained in the inner cavity of the reactor shell 4. The first aeration device 6, namely a bottom aeration device, is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the reactor shell 4; the second aeration apparatus 9, i.e., the upper aeration apparatus, is provided above the first aeration apparatus 6 at a predetermined height from the first aeration apparatus 6. The anode material 8 is positioned between the first aeration device 6 and the second aeration device 9, and common anaerobic bacteria, electrogenesis bacteria and worms are attached to the surface of the anode material 8. The cathode material 13 is arranged at the upper part of the inner cavity of the reactor shell 4 and is positioned below the sewage liquid level of the inner cavity of the membrane bioreactor. Anaerobic bacteria are attached to the inner layer of the surface of the cathode material 13, and aerobic bacteria are attached to the outer layer. The anode material 8 may be carbon felt or carbon brush, and the cathode material 13 may be carbon brush, carbon felt, carbon cloth, carbon paper, graphite plate, or stainless steel mesh. The cathode material 13 and the anode material 8 are connected to an external load 14 via wires arranged outside the reactor shell 4. The membrane module 11 is arranged between the second aeration device 9 and the cathode material 13, and a membrane module water outlet is arranged on the membrane module 11.
The reactor shell 4 is provided with a reactor water inlet 5 and a reactor water outlet 15, in order to prevent the reactor water inlet from disturbing and/or generating short flow to the sludge attached to the surface of the anode material, the reactor water inlet 5 is arranged between the membrane component 11 and the second aeration device 9 and is far away from the reactor water outlet 15, and the reactor water outlet 15 is connected with the membrane component water outlet.
The utility model discloses a sewage treatment system includes raw water tank 1 and membrane bioreactor, and raw water tank delivery port 2 meets with membrane bioreactor water inlet 5 through intake pump 3 to carry the sewage in the raw water tank 1 to the membrane bioreactor in and handle. The membrane bioreactor water outlet 15 can be connected with the water outlet pump 12 to discharge the treated water or carry out subsequent treatment.
In this embodiment, the raw water tank 1 and the membrane bioreactor housing 4 are made of organic glass, the volume of the raw water tank 1 is 100L, and the volume of the membrane bioreactor is 18L (length × width × height: 30cm × 20cm × 30 cm). The concentration of the aerobic activated sludge contained in the membrane bioreactor is 10000 mg/L. The distance between the anode material 8 and the first aeration device 6 and the distance between the cathode material 13 and the second aeration device 9 are both 2cm, the distance between the cathode material 13 and the sewage liquid level in the reactor is 3cm, and the distance between the cathode material and the top of the membrane module 11 is 2 cm. The membrane module 11 can adopt a hollow fiber curtain membrane or a plate type membrane, and the distance between the bottom of the membrane module 11 and the second aeration device 9 is 3 cm.
The first aeration device 6 is connected with the first air pump 7 through a pipeline, the first aeration device 6 adopts an intermittent aeration operation mode, and the intermittent aeration is 10min on/12 h off in the embodiment. The second aeration device 9 is connected with a second air pump 10 through a pipeline, and the second aeration device 9 adopts a continuous aeration operation mode. The aeration flow rate can be adjusted according to actual needs, in the embodiment, the dissolved oxygen content in the activated sludge fully mixed in the upper layer of the reactor is 4-6 mg/L through intermittent aeration and continuous aeration, and the flow rate of the second aeration device is 1.5m3/h。
The anode material 8 is carbon felt, and the cathode material 13 is carbon brush. The worm load of the surface of the anode material 8 was 0.4kg/m2In the embodiment, the adopted worms are vermicularis, which are taken from pond sediment, and the vermicularis is identified as a mixed species mainly comprising vermicularia positive, limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and lumbricus periwinkle, wherein the dominant species is vermicularia positive.
In the inoculation process of the reactor, the external resistance is set to be 1000 omega, worms and aerobic activated sludge are placed into the reactor, inoculation is carried out according to reaction parameters of sewage to be treated in the later stage, in the initial stage of inoculation of the reactor, electrochemical active bacteria are gradually enriched on the surfaces of the anode material 8 and the cathode material 13, namely common anaerobic bacteria, electrogenic bacteria and worms are enriched on the surface of the anode material 8, anaerobic bacteria and aerobic bacteria are enriched on the surface of the cathode material 13, the output voltage is gradually increased, after inoculation for 30 days, the output maximum voltage is stabilized at about 450mV, and the maximum output voltage is not increased along with the extension of the operation time, so that the success of system inoculation is indicated.
When the sewage treatment system of the utility model is adopted to treat sewage, the membrane bioreactor continuously runs, the flow of the water inlet pump 3 is the same as that of the water outlet pump 12, and the water inlet pump contains COD and NH4 +The sewage of the N enters a membrane bioreactor 4 from a raw water tank 1 under the action of a water inlet pump 3, the sewage level in the membrane bioreactor is kept constant, namely the liquid level is higher than 3cm of a cathode material, the hydraulic retention time is 6h, and firstly, a first aeration device 6 and a second aeration device are usedAerating the gas device 9 at the same time, aerating the first aeration device 6 for 10min, and then closing the first aeration device, fully removing organic matters in the sewage under the action of aerobic activated sludge, and removing NH4 +Oxidation of-N to NO3 --N; during the closing period of the first aeration device 6, a sludge layer can be formed on the surface of the anode material 8, worms prey on sludge deposited on the surface of the anode, sludge reduction is realized, extracellular polymers of microorganisms in the sludge are effectively reduced, the settling performance (dewatering performance) and filtering performance of the sludge are improved, membrane pollution is slowed down, a large amount of organic matters are released in the preying process, part of organic matters can be generated in anaerobic digestion of the sludge, the electrogenic bacteria attached to the surface of the anode material 8 generate electricity by taking the organic matters released in the anaerobic digestion of the sludge and the preying process of the worms as substrates, the anaerobic bacteria attached to the surface of the anode material 8 can perform denitrification reaction, NO is converted into nitrogen3 -Reduction to N2To remove the total nitrogen, the inner layer anaerobic bacteria (autotrophic denitrifying bacteria) attached to the surface of the cathode material 13 can also utilize the electrons transferred from the anode material 8 to transfer NO3 -Reduction to N2The recovery of electric energy is realized, and the removal of total nitrogen is promoted; during the aeration period of the first aeration device 6, sludge predated by worms is mixed with the aerobic activated sludge on the upper layer under the action of the first aeration device 6, so that the property of the sludge can be effectively improved, and the membrane pollution tendency of the sludge is reduced; the external load 14 is 5 omega, an internal electric field environment with the strength of 0.042V/cm is formed between the anode material 8 and the cathode material 13, the output voltage is 11.5mV, the membrane component 11 is positioned in the internal electric field, most pollutants on the membrane surface are negatively charged, and the pollutants are acted by the electric field force in the electric field and can be separated from the membrane surface under the action of the electric field force, so that the control of membrane pollution is realized. In addition, the worm movement can realize disturbance action on the surface of the anode material 8, and can enhance the mass transfer of electrons and protons, thereby improving the electricity generation performance.
Meanwhile, the traditional aerobic membrane bioreactor without the anode, the cathode and the double aeration system is used as a contrast, and the operation effect of the sewage treatment system and the traditional aerobic membrane bioreactor when sewage treatment is carried out is shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1
The utility model discloses sewage treatment system goes out water COD and total nitrogen clearance is 94.6% and 76.9% respectively, and traditional good oxygen membrane bioreactor goes out water COD and total nitrogen clearance does respectively: 94.9 percent and 1.3 percent, compared with the traditional aerobic membrane bioreactor, the COD removal rate of the sewage treatment system of the utility model has no obvious change, but the total nitrogen removal rate is obviously improved.
The utility model discloses the mud productivity is 0.12kgVSS/kgCOD among the sewage treatment systemremovedThe sludge yield of the traditional aerobic membrane bioreactor is as follows: 0.31kgVSS/kgCODremovedCompared with the traditional aerobic membrane bioreactor, the utility model discloses sewage treatment system can realize 61.3% mud decrement.
The utility model discloses the average period of membrane pollution is 68 days in sewage treatment system, and the average period of membrane pollution is only 35 days in traditional good oxygen membrane bioreactor, compares traditional good oxygen membrane bioreactor, the utility model discloses the membrane operating cycle can effectively prolong 94.3% in sewage treatment system.
Claims (9)
1. A membrane bioreactor, comprising:
the reactor comprises a reactor shell, wherein a reactor water inlet and a reactor water outlet are formed in the reactor shell;
the anode material, the cathode material, the membrane component, the first aeration device and the second aeration device are arranged in the inner cavity of the reactor shell; aerobic activated sludge is contained in the inner cavity of the reactor shell; the first aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the reactor shell, and the second aeration device is arranged at the upper part of the first aeration device; the anode material is positioned between the first aeration device and the second aeration device, and common anaerobic bacteria, electrogenesis bacteria and worms are attached to the surface of the anode material; the cathode material is positioned below the liquid level of the reactor, anaerobic bacteria are attached to the inner layer of the surface of the cathode material, and aerobic bacteria are attached to the outer layer of the surface of the cathode material; the membrane module is arranged between the second aeration device and the cathode material, and a membrane module water outlet is arranged on the membrane module and is connected with the reactor water outlet; and
and the external load is arranged outside the reactor shell and is connected with the anode material and the cathode material through leads.
2. The membrane bioreactor of claim 1, wherein said first aeration device operates in an intermittent aeration mode and said second aeration device operates in a continuous aeration mode.
3. The membrane bioreactor according to claim 2, wherein the intermittent aeration operation mode of the first aeration device is aeration off time of 10-24 h and aeration on time of 5-15 min.
4. The membrane bioreactor of claim 1, wherein said reactor water inlet is disposed between said membrane module and said second aeration device.
5. The membrane bioreactor of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the aerobic activated sludge is 9000-14000 mg/L.
6. The membrane bioreactor of claim 1, wherein the worms are vermiform vermis.
7. The membrane bioreactor of claim 1, wherein the membrane bioreactor is 30cm x 20cm x 30cm long x wide x high; the distance between the anode material and the first aeration device and the distance between the anode material and the second aeration device are both 2cm, the distance between the cathode material and the sewage liquid level is 3cm, and the distance between the cathode material and the top of the membrane module is 2 cm; the distance between the bottom of the membrane module and the second aeration device is 3 cm.
8. The membrane bioreactor of claim 1, wherein said external load is 5 Ω; an internal electric field environment with the strength of 0.042V/cm is formed between the anode material and the cathode material, and the output voltage is 11.5 mV.
9. A sewage treatment system comprising a membrane bioreactor according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110451636A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-15 | 河北大学 | A kind of membrane bioreactor, sewage disposal system and processing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110451636A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-15 | 河北大学 | A kind of membrane bioreactor, sewage disposal system and processing method |
| CN110451636B (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2024-05-07 | 河北大学 | Membrane bioreactor, sewage treatment system and treatment method |
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