CN210489779U - Battery box cooling system of electric automobile - Google Patents
Battery box cooling system of electric automobile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN210489779U CN210489779U CN201921090767.2U CN201921090767U CN210489779U CN 210489779 U CN210489779 U CN 210489779U CN 201921090767 U CN201921090767 U CN 201921090767U CN 210489779 U CN210489779 U CN 210489779U
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- battery box
- heat pipe
- cooling system
- compression refrigeration
- refrigerant
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to an electric automobile battery box cooling system, including compression refrigeration unit, heat pipe cooling unit, heat exchanger and controlling means, controlling means is set up as when ambient temperature is higher than the temperature in the battery box, opens the compression refrigeration unit and operates refrigeration, the refrigerant of heat pipe cooling unit carries out the heat exchange through the refrigerant of heat exchanger with the compression refrigeration unit and makes the gaseous state refrigerant liquefaction of heat pipe side unit; and when the ambient temperature is lower than the temperature in the battery box, the operation of the compression refrigeration unit is closed, and only the heat pipe cooling unit is operated to cool the environment in the battery box. The utility model discloses but make full use of nature cold source cools off the battery box, reduces power consumption to the liquid cooling mode is compared simultaneously to the energy can be saved, and cooling efficiency is higher than 3 ~ 4 times.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cooling system, in particular to a cooling system for a battery box of an electric automobile.
Background
The lithium ion power battery is well applied to the battery pack of the electric automobile at present due to the advantages of excellent power output characteristic, long service life and the like, but the lithium ion power battery is sensitive to temperature change, and is particularly a high-capacity and high-power lithium ion battery applied to the automobile. When the vehicle is operated under different driving conditions, the battery may discharge at different rates, plus time accumulation and spatial effects may produce uneven heat build-up. Because the battery bodies are arranged densely, the heat is inevitably accumulated more in the middle area, the edge area is less, the temperature imbalance among the monomers in the battery pack is aggravated, and the internal resistance and the capacity of each battery module and each monomer are inconsistent. If the accumulation time is long, the over-charge and over-discharge of partial batteries can be caused, the service life and the performance of the batteries are further influenced, and potential safety hazards are caused. Generally, an excessively low battery temperature affects the charge and discharge capacity of the battery, an excessively high battery temperature affects the life and safety of the battery, and if the power battery can be maintained to operate in a temperature range of 20-35 ℃, the temperature range is also the optimal and efficient operating range so as to prolong the service life and the driving range of the battery, so that the heat dissipation treatment is required.
The cooling system of the electric automobile mainly cools a plurality of electric appliance units such as a power battery, a driving motor, a motor controller and the like. The requirements on light weight, low energy consumption, high efficiency, low cost and the like are consistent with those of a cooling system of a traditional vehicle, and the difference is that the cooling system of the electric automobile aims at electrical parts, and is more obviously influenced by temperature, so that the requirement on temperature control is stricter. Meanwhile, because the power system and the power supply system of the electric automobile are low in temperature tolerance, the noise of the whole automobile is reduced, and the requirements of the electric automobile on the heat dissipation performance and the noise of a cooling system are more strict than those of the traditional automobile. Therefore, the development of an efficient and reliable cooling system is bound to become one of the key technologies for further improving the efficiency and the endurance mileage of the electric automobile power system.
The common cooling modes of the battery can be divided into four modes, namely natural cooling, air cooling, liquid cooling and phase change cooling/refrigerant direct cooling. At present, the mainstream cooling mode in the battery market of the electric automobile is liquid cooling, the liquid cooling technology is to take heat in a battery box to the outside of the battery box through the temperature rise (sensible heat exchange technology) of circulating cooling liquid to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation, and the battery box is complex in structure and pipeline and low in efficiency. The application of the phase-change cooling/refrigerant direct cooling technology is less popularized.
Therefore, a technology with higher heat exchange efficiency is needed, the technical defects of the current mainstream battery box cooling system are overcome, and the purpose of improving the energy efficiency ratio is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a brand-new battery box cooling system for an electric vehicle, which is innovative and breakthrough in order to solve the technical problems of the existing battery box cooling system and achieve the purpose of improving the energy efficiency ratio.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a battery box cooling system of an electric automobile is characterized by comprising a compression refrigeration unit, a heat pipe cooling unit, a heat exchanger and a control device, the refrigerant pipelines of the heat pipe cooling unit are respectively communicated with the heat pipe side inlet and the heat pipe side outlet of the heat exchanger, the compression refrigeration unit comprises a refrigerant pipeline which is respectively communicated with the compression refrigeration side inlet and the outlet of the heat exchanger, the heat pipe cooling unit comprises a heat pipe cooling evaporator and an outdoor condenser which are arranged in the battery box, the outdoor condenser is arranged at a position higher than the heat pipe cooling evaporator, the control device is arranged to start the compression refrigeration unit to refrigerate when the ambient temperature is higher than the temperature in the battery box, the refrigerant of the heat pipe cooling unit exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the compression refrigeration unit through the heat exchanger so as to liquefy the gaseous refrigerant of the heat pipe cooling unit; and when the ambient temperature is lower than the temperature in the battery box, the operation of the compression refrigeration unit is closed, and only the heat pipe cooling unit is operated to cool the battery box.
In one embodiment, refrigerant lines communicating with the compression refrigeration side inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger are connected in parallel with the evaporative refrigeration branch of the compression refrigeration unit.
In one embodiment, a first throttling valve is provided in the evaporative refrigeration branch of the compression refrigeration unit.
In one embodiment, a second throttling valve is arranged in a refrigerant pipeline communicated with an inlet and an outlet of the compression refrigeration side of the heat exchanger.
In one embodiment, a third throttle valve is provided in the refrigerant line communicating the heat pipe side inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger.
In one embodiment, the first, second or third throttle is a single electronic expansion valve.
In one embodiment, the first, second or third throttle is a combination of solenoid valves of different specifications.
In one embodiment, the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger or a shell and tube heat exchanger.
In one embodiment, the heat pipe cooled evaporator is a microchannel evaporator or a coil evaporator.
The cooling system for the battery box of the electric automobile at least has the following technical effects:
1) the battery box can be cooled by using a natural cold source, so that electricity is saved;
2) the cooling efficiency is 3-4 times higher than that of liquid cooling;
3) the energy efficiency ratio is high, and the power saving effect is good;
4) the requirement of quick charging can be met;
5) the structure is compact;
6) the water/glycol solution is prevented from flowing in the battery box body;
7) the cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which specific embodiments of the invention are shown by way of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
It should be noted that for convenience of description, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "back" and other directional terms of the invention may be used for convenience of description only and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way.
See fig. 1. The battery box cooling system 100 of the electric vehicle of the present invention includes: a compression refrigeration unit 10, a heat pipe cooling unit 20, a heat exchanger 30, and a control device (not shown). The refrigerant pipe 204 of the heat pipe cooling unit 20 is respectively communicated with the heat pipe side inlet 303 and the outlet 304 of the heat exchanger 30, the compression refrigeration unit 10 includes the refrigerant pipe 104 respectively communicated with the compression refrigeration side inlet 302 and the outlet 301 of the heat exchanger 30, and the heat pipe cooling unit 20 includes a heat pipe cooling evaporator 201 disposed in a battery box (not shown).
The heat pipe cooling unit 20 establishes an air conditioning system in the battery box by using the principle that a refrigerant (such as, but not limited to, R134a, etc.) evaporates to absorb heat and condense to release heat. The condenser 202 of the heat pipe cooling unit 20 is disposed higher than the evaporator 201. The evaporator 201 of the heat pipe cooling unit 20 is installed in the battery box, and the refrigerant is evaporated in the evaporator 201 and rapidly takes heat away from the battery box, thereby completing cooling of the battery. When the ambient temperature is lower than the temperature in the battery box, the refrigerant in the evaporator 201 absorbs the heat of the battery box and evaporates into a gaseous refrigerant, which rises to the condenser 202 of the heat pipe cooling unit 20 through the refrigerant connection line 204, and the gaseous refrigerant is condensed into a liquid refrigerant under the action of the condenser 202 and the fan 203, flows through the heat pipe side of the heat exchanger 30 under the action of gravity, i.e., enters from the heat pipe side inlet 303, exits from the outlet 304, and flows back to the heat pipe cooling unit evaporator 201 after being regulated by the third throttle valve 205 (such as, but not limited to, an electronic expansion valve), thereby completing a cooling cycle. At the moment, the compressor is controlled to be out of operation through the control unit, and the energy efficiency ratio is high.
When the ambient temperature is higher than the temperature in the battery box, the refrigerant in the heat pipe cooling unit evaporator 201 absorbs the heat of the battery box and evaporates into gaseous refrigerant, which rises through the refrigerant connection line 204 and flows through the condenser 202 (at this time, the condenser 202 has no cooling effect) and reaches the heat pipe side of the heat exchanger 30, i.e., enters from the heat pipe side inlet 303 and exits from the outlet 304. At this time, the control unit starts the operation of the compressor 101, the refrigerant of the compression refrigeration unit in the heat exchanger 30 (entering from the compression refrigeration side inlet 302 and exiting from the outlet 301) absorbs the heat on the heat pipe side, at the same time, the refrigerant in the battery box evaporator 106 absorbs the heat in the box and evaporates into a gaseous state, the refrigerant is compressed into a high-temperature gaseous refrigerant by the compressor 101 and flows to the condenser 102, the refrigerant is condensed into a liquid refrigerant under the action of the condenser 102 and the fan 103, the liquid refrigerant is dried and filtered by the drying filter 108 and then flows back to the battery box evaporator 106 through the adjustment of the throttle valve 105 (such as but not limited to an electronic expansion valve) to provide cold energy for the battery box, the refrigerant after adjustment of the throttle valve 107 flows into the compression refrigeration side of the heat exchanger 30 through the refrigerant pipeline 104 to cool the refrigerant on the heat pipe side of the heat exchanger 30, the gaseous refrigerant of the heat pipe is cooled into a liquid, flows through the throttle valve 205 under the action of gravity, is regulated and flows back to the evaporator 201 of the heat pipe cooling unit, and a cooling cycle is completed. So as to continuously cool the battery box and the battery pack therein.
The heat exchanger 30 in the present embodiment may be a plate heat exchanger, but is not limited thereto.
The control device and the control logic in this embodiment are easy to be implemented by those skilled in the art, and are not described herein again.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, but make full use of natural cold source cools off the battery box, reduces power consumption to the energy can be saved. Compared with a liquid cooling mode, the cooling efficiency is 3-4 times higher.
Based upon the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the invention, it should be apparent that the invention defined by the appended claims is not limited solely to the specific details set forth in the foregoing description, as many apparent variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit or scope thereof.
Claims (13)
1. A battery box cooling system of an electric automobile is characterized by comprising a compression refrigeration unit, a heat pipe cooling unit, a heat exchanger and a control device, the refrigerant pipelines of the heat pipe cooling unit are respectively communicated with the heat pipe side inlet and the heat pipe side outlet of the heat exchanger, the compression refrigeration unit comprises a refrigerant pipeline which is respectively communicated with the compression refrigeration side inlet and the outlet of the heat exchanger, the heat pipe cooling unit comprises a heat pipe cooling evaporator and an outdoor condenser which are arranged in the battery box, the outdoor condenser is arranged at a position higher than the heat pipe cooling evaporator, the control device is arranged to start the compression refrigeration unit to refrigerate when the ambient temperature is higher than the temperature in the battery box, the refrigerant of the heat pipe cooling unit exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the compression refrigeration unit through the heat exchanger so as to liquefy the gaseous refrigerant of the heat pipe cooling unit; and when the ambient temperature is lower than the temperature in the battery box, the operation of the compression refrigeration unit is closed, and only the heat pipe cooling unit is operated to cool the environment in the battery box.
2. The electric vehicle battery box cooling system of claim 1, wherein refrigerant lines communicating with the compression refrigeration side inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger are connected in parallel with the evaporation refrigeration branch of the compression refrigeration unit.
3. The electric vehicle battery box cooling system of claim 2, wherein a first throttle valve is provided in an evaporative cooling branch of the compression refrigeration unit.
4. The electric vehicle battery box cooling system according to claim 2, wherein a second throttle valve is provided in a refrigerant line communicating an inlet and an outlet on a compression refrigeration side of the heat exchanger.
5. The electric vehicle battery box cooling system of claim 1, wherein a third throttle valve is provided in refrigerant lines in communication with the heat pipe side inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger.
6. The electric vehicle battery box cooling system of claim 3, wherein the first throttle valve is a single electronic expansion valve.
7. The electric vehicle battery box cooling system of claim 4, wherein the second throttle valve is a single electronic expansion valve.
8. The electric vehicle battery box cooling system of claim 5, wherein the third throttle valve is a single electronic expansion valve.
9. The electric vehicle battery box cooling system of claim 3, wherein the first throttle valve is a combination of solenoid valves of different specifications.
10. The electric vehicle battery box cooling system of claim 4, wherein the second throttle valve is a combination of solenoid valves of different specifications.
11. The electric vehicle battery box cooling system of claim 5, wherein the third throttle valve is a combination of solenoid valves of different specifications.
12. The electric vehicle battery box cooling system of claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger or a shell and tube heat exchanger.
13. The electric vehicle battery box cooling system of claim 1, wherein the heat pipe cooling evaporator is a microchannel evaporator or a coil evaporator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921090767.2U CN210489779U (en) | 2019-07-12 | 2019-07-12 | Battery box cooling system of electric automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921090767.2U CN210489779U (en) | 2019-07-12 | 2019-07-12 | Battery box cooling system of electric automobile |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210489779U true CN210489779U (en) | 2020-05-08 |
Family
ID=70530772
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921090767.2U Expired - Fee Related CN210489779U (en) | 2019-07-12 | 2019-07-12 | Battery box cooling system of electric automobile |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN210489779U (en) |
-
2019
- 2019-07-12 CN CN201921090767.2U patent/CN210489779U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20200508 |