CN210489716U

CN210489716U - Battery module and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN210489716U
Application number: CN201921851752.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 路宇帅; 苏树发
Original assignee: Svolt Energy Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Svolt Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-30
Filing date: 2019-10-30
Publication date: 2020-05-08
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-30

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery module and vehicle, battery module includes: a positive plate and a negative plate; the tab is connected with the positive plate or the negative plate and is connected with the corresponding wiring terminal, and a closing device which is disconnected when the preset temperature is reached is arranged on the tab. The utility model discloses battery module when battery temperature surpassed reasonable scope, reached the closing device automatic disconnection on the utmost point ear of short-circuit point, in other words break off the current loop on the pole piece to cause the explosion on fire when effectively avoiding battery thermal runaway when the temperature was too high in the battery.

Description

Battery module and vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the battery technique and specifically relates to a battery module and vehicle are related to.

Background

The problems of low safety and easy fire and explosion of the lithium ion battery are not solved all the time. Aiming at the problem, the top cover of the power battery on the market at present is provided with a pressure release valve and an OSD (over charge Safety Device), and when the gas generated in the power battery reaches a certain pressure, the pressure release valve is opened to release the gas in the power battery; when the battery is overcharged, the air pressure in the battery is gradually increased to trigger OSD starting, so that the positive electrode and the negative electrode are in short circuit through the top cover plate to generate instantaneous current, the fuse is fused, the external current input to the interior of the battery is cut off, and the safety of the battery is ensured.

However, statistics in recent years show that the pressure release valve and the OSD arranged on the battery do not play a role in practical application, and the combustion and explosion of the battery are not solved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses aim at solving one of the technical problem that exists among the prior art at least.

Therefore, an object of the utility model is to provide a battery module, set up closing device in utmost point ear department, can be at the high disconnection of reaching the short-circuit temperature point of pole piece temperature to cause the condition of explosion on fire when effectively avoiding battery thermal runaway when the temperature is too high in the battery.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle, which includes the above battery module.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model discloses an aspect provides a battery module, include: a positive plate and a negative plate; the tab is connected with the positive plate or the negative plate and is connected with the corresponding wiring terminal, and a closing device which is disconnected when the preset temperature is reached is arranged on the tab.

The utility model discloses battery module when battery temperature surpassed reasonable scope, reached the closing device automatic disconnection on the utmost point ear of short-circuit point, in other words break off the current loop on the pole piece to cause the explosion on fire when effectively avoiding battery thermal runaway when the temperature was too high in the battery.

Further, the tab includes: a first segment and a second segment spaced apart, the closure device comprising: a fuse respectively connected to the first section and the second section, the fuse configured to melt into a non-conductive body when the temperature of the tab reaches a preset temperature.

Further, the fuse link includes: conductive carbon black powder.

Further, the fuse link further includes: the conductive carbon black powder is uniformly distributed in the low-melting-point high-molecular material layer.

Further, the closing apparatus further includes: a base film adapted to secure the fuse link, and the base film has a melting point higher than a melting point of the fuse link.

Further, the tab includes: the positive tab is connected with the positive plate, the negative tab is connected with the negative plate, and the positive plate or/and the negative plate are provided with the closing device.

Furthermore, a first closing device for disconnecting the positive tab when the temperature of the positive tab reaches a preset temperature is arranged on the positive tab, a second closing device for disconnecting the negative tab when the temperature of the negative tab reaches the preset temperature is arranged on the negative tab, and the first closing device and the second closing device are identical in structure.

Further, the preset temperature is 60-80 degrees.

Furthermore, the positive plate and the negative plate are both multiple, and the positive plate and the negative plate are staggered and stacked.

The utility model discloses another aspect provides a vehicle, include the battery module.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a positive plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure A-A of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the positive plate before being cut according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is an overall configuration diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

the battery module 100 is provided with a battery case,

the positive electrode tab 1, the positive electrode tab 101,

the negative electrode sheet 2 is a negative electrode sheet,

a first closing means 401, a second closing means 402,

fuse link 41, first section 42, second section 43, and base film 44.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

A battery module 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 4, including: positive plate 1, negative plate 2 and utmost point ear.

Specifically, the tab is connected with the positive plate 1 or the negative plate 2 and is connected with the corresponding wiring terminal, and a closing device for disconnecting the tab when the preset temperature is reached is arranged on the tab.

According to the utility model discloses battery module 100, when the temperature exceeded reasonable scope on the battery, reached the closing device automatic disconnection on the utmost point ear of short circuit temperature point, the pole piece at short circuit point place cuts off immediately and is connected with other pole pieces, independently comes out, has restricted the electric current reflux of other parallelly connected pole pieces in other to the short circuit point to effectively avoid in the battery because of certain pole piece high temperature, lead to causing the explosion on fire when leading to battery thermal runaway.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the tab comprises a first section 42 and a second section 43 spaced apart, the closing device comprises a fuse link 41, the fuse link 41 is connected to the first section 42 and the second section 43, respectively, the fuse link 41 is configured to melt into a non-conductive body when the temperature of the tab reaches a predetermined temperature. The aluminum foil or the copper foil on the pole lug is not directly contacted but is communicated through the conductive fuse link 41, when the temperature of the pole lug reaches a short-circuit temperature point, the fuse link 41 melts into a non-conductive body, the pole piece reaching the short-circuit temperature point cannot form loop current with other pole pieces through the belonging pole lug, the temperature of the pole piece can not rise any more, and therefore the occurrence of thermal runaway is avoided.

Specifically, the fuse link 41 includes conductive carbon black powder and a low-melting-point high-molecular material layer; wherein, the conductive carbon black powder is uniformly distributed in the low-melting-point high-molecular material layer. The conductive carbon black powder only has a conductive function and a high ignition point, and can not play a role in circuit breaking when the temperature of the battery is too high by singly using the conductive carbon black powder; low melting point high molecular materials can melt, but are not conductive; therefore, the two materials are mixed together during manufacturing, so that the conductive effect can be realized, the materials can also become a non-conductor when the melting temperature point of the low-melting-point high-molecular material is exceeded, the pole piece reaching the temperature point is disconnected, and loop current is not formed between the pole piece and other pole pieces; the low-melting-point high-molecular material can be prepared from EVA or PCL and the like.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the closing device further comprises a base film 44, the base film 44 being adapted to fix the fuse-link 41, and the melting point of the base film 44 being higher than the melting point of the fuse-link 41. The base film 44 plays a supporting role for the low-melting-point high-molecular material layer mixed with the conductive carbon black powder, the melting point of the base film 44 is higher than that of the fusing body 41, when the low-melting-point high-molecular material layer mixed with the conductive carbon black powder is melted, the low-melting-point high-molecular material layer can be attached to the base film 44, and liquid in the battery cannot be attached to the battery aluminum shell to cause other potential safety hazards; the base film 44 may be made of PP or PET.

According to the utility model discloses an in the embodiment, utmost point ear includes anodal ear 101 and negative pole ear, and anodal ear 101 links to each other with positive plate 1, and the negative pole ear links to each other with negative pole piece 2, is provided with closing device on anodal piece 1 or/and the negative pole piece 2. According to the above, the technical scheme of the utility model is that there are at least three, the closing devices are all installed on the positive tab 101, the closing devices are all installed on the negative tab, and the closing devices are all installed on the positive tab 101 and the negative tab; the pole pieces of the existing battery are welded together through the pole lugs, and the closing device is arranged on the pole lugs through parallel connection and conduction among the pole pieces, so that the pole pieces at which short-circuit temperature points are located are conveniently opened, the effect that loop current is not formed between the closing device and other pole pieces is realized, the installation and the arrangement of the closing device are convenient, the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient.

Specifically, the positive tab 101 is provided with a first closing device 401 for disconnecting the positive tab 101 when the temperature of the positive tab 101 reaches a preset temperature, the negative tab is provided with a second closing device 402 for disconnecting the negative tab when the temperature of the negative tab reaches the preset temperature, and the first closing device 401 and the second closing device 402 have the same structure. The closing device can be arranged on the positive tab 101 or the negative tab only, or can be arranged on the positive tab 101 and the negative tab at the same time, and the tab where the short-circuit temperature point is located is disconnected when the preset temperature is reached, so that the function of closing the current loop is achieved.

Preferably, the preset temperature is 60 ° to 80 °. The utility model discloses in the experiment, the low melting point high molecular material melting point temperature of adoption is between 60-80, and when certain point temperature exceeded 80 in the pole piece, the low melting point high molecular material that thoughtlessly has electrically conductive carbon black powder melts into non-conductive material to the effectual short-circuit point that avoids continues to heat up, and the battery thermal runaway and the condition of firing the explosion.

According to the utility model discloses an in the embodiment, positive plate 1 and negative-pole piece 2 are a plurality ofly, and the crisscross range upon range of setting of a plurality of positive plate 1 and a plurality of negative-pole piece 2. The pole group in the battery contains a plurality of pole pieces, has lamination formula and coiling formula, the pole piece of two kinds of forms the utility model discloses all be suitable for.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a vehicle includes a battery module 100. The lithium ion battery has the characteristics of high energy and long service life, and the vehicle battery with the battery module 100 has good performance, is not easy to ignite and explode, and does not influence the property and life safety of consumers.

According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, concrete mode of making does:

1. mixing conductive carbon black powder in a high molecular material with a melting point of 60-80 ℃ to form a low-melting-point high molecular material layer;

2. fixing the low-melting-point high-molecular-weight material layer on the base film 44;

3. as shown in fig. 2, aluminum foil or copper foil attached to the pole piece is fixed at two ends above the low-melting-point high-molecular material layer, and the middle partition is not directly conducted;

4. as shown in fig. 1 and 3, punching the part of the pole piece added with the low-melting-point high-molecular material layer to prepare a battery pole piece with the low-melting-point high-molecular material layer;

5. as shown in fig. 4, the positive electrode sheet 1 and the negative electrode sheet 2 are sequentially laminated, and the tabs are welded together to manufacture the battery module 100.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, "the first feature" and "the second feature" may include one or more of the features.

In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery module, comprising:

a positive plate and a negative plate;

the tab is connected with the positive plate or the negative plate and is connected with the corresponding wiring terminal, and a closing device which is disconnected when the preset temperature is reached is arranged on the tab.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the tab comprises: a first segment and a second segment spaced apart, the closure device comprising: a fuse respectively connected to the first section and the second section, the fuse configured to melt into a non-conductive body when the temperature of the tab reaches a preset temperature.

3. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein the fuse link comprises: conductive carbon black powder.

4. The battery module according to claim 3, wherein the fuse link further comprises: the conductive carbon black powder is uniformly distributed in the low-melting-point high-molecular material layer.

5. The battery module according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the shut-off device further comprises: a base film adapted to secure the fuse link, and the base film has a melting point higher than a melting point of the fuse link.

6. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the tab comprises: the positive tab is connected with the positive plate, the negative tab is connected with the negative plate, and the positive plate or/and the negative plate are provided with the closing device.

7. The battery module according to claim 6, wherein the positive tab is provided with a first closing device for disconnecting the positive tab when the temperature of the positive tab reaches a preset temperature, the negative tab is provided with a second closing device for disconnecting the negative tab when the temperature of the negative tab reaches the preset temperature, and the first closing device and the second closing device have the same structure.

8. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the preset temperature is 60-80 °.

9. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are a plurality of sheets, and the positive electrode sheets and the negative electrode sheets are alternately stacked.

10. A vehicle characterized by comprising the battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 9.