CN210488970U

CN210488970U - Portable power and speed change relation experimental instrument

Info

Publication number: CN210488970U
Application number: CN201921192420.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈纯
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-07-26
Filing date: 2019-07-26
Publication date: 2020-05-08
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-26

Abstract

The utility model relates to a portable merit and speed change relation laboratory glassware, including horizontal base plate, articulate the slope track in horizontal base plate one end and articulate the vertical swing arm at the horizontal base plate other end, wherein: the inclined track and the vertical rotary rod can rotate around the hinged end, the non-hinged end of the inclined track is provided with a positioning screw rod, a rod body of the vertical rotary rod is provided with a sliding groove for the positioning screw rod to penetrate through and be adjusted up and down, and the positioning screw rod is fastened at the sliding groove of the vertical rotary rod through a fastening thread; the hinged end of the inclined track is sequentially provided with a spring scale, a stop gate and a photoelectric gate sensor, and the inclined track is also provided with a trolley capable of horizontally sliding on the track; a wire spool wound with a string and a shading strip are arranged on the trolley, and the pull-out end of the string is connected with a spring scale; and scale marks are marked on the inclined track and the spring scale. The utility model discloses the operation is swift, and the experiment success rate is high, and carries also very conveniently.

Description

Portable power and speed change relation experimental instrument

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a tool or instrument for experiments, in particular to a portable power and speed change relation experimental instrument.

Background

In the teaching process, the experiment operation on the change relation of work and speed can be involved, the existing teaching material is to nail two nails on two sides of a flat plate surface, meanwhile, 5-6 rubber bands with the same length are prepared, then a dotting timer is installed, the inclination of an inclined plane plate is adjusted to balance the friction force of the movement of a trolley, the trolley is ensured to drag a paper tape to move at a constant speed on a track, the paper tape penetrates through the dotting timer and is clamped behind the trolley, the rubber bands are hung between the front end of the trolley and the nails, a power supply is switched on, the trolley is released to beat the paper tape, the speed of the trolley is calculated through the paper tape, and then the relation between the work done on the trolley under the condition of stretching the same length by the rubber bands in different quantities and the speed obtained by the. The experiment shows that: in the experimental process of the instrument, the trolley always moves in a deviation manner, and even a nail is knocked to damage the trolley; several rubber bands are hung respectively, hook hanging points are debugged repeatedly, deviation is reduced to some extent, but system stability is poor; the same rubber band is difficult to be completely realized in practice, so that errors are easily caused; the traditional dotting timer is adopted in the experiment, so that the speed measuring efficiency is very low, and students are difficult to complete the experiment in class. Moreover, the existing experimental instrument is not convenient to carry or store, and brings certain trouble to experimental teaching.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at improving and innovating the defects and the problems existing in the background technology and providing a portable power and speed change relation experimental instrument.

The technical scheme of the utility model be one kind construct including horizontal base plate, articulate the inclined rail in horizontal base plate one end and articulate merit and the speed change relation laboratory glassware at the vertical swing arm of the horizontal base plate other end, wherein: the inclined track and the vertical rotary rod can rotate around the hinged end, the non-hinged end of the inclined track is provided with a positioning screw rod, a rod body of the vertical rotary rod is provided with a sliding groove for the positioning screw rod to penetrate through and be adjusted up and down, and the positioning screw rod is fastened at the sliding groove of the vertical rotary rod through a fastening thread; the hinged end of the inclined track is sequentially provided with a spring scale, a stop gate and a photoelectric gate sensor, and the inclined track is also provided with a trolley capable of horizontally sliding on the track; a wire spool wound with a string and a shading strip are arranged on the trolley, and the pull-out end of the string is connected with a spring scale; and scale marks are marked on the inclined track and the spring scale.

In one embodiment, a level gauge is arranged at one end of the top surface of the inclined rail. The inclined plane of the trolley should be kept horizontal in the gliding process, a miniature level gauge is adhered to the inclined guide rail, and whether the inclined plane is horizontal or not can be judged by observing the level gauge so as to ensure the accuracy of experimental data and the safety of operation.

In one embodiment, the bottom end of the trolley is embedded into the inclined track, and rollers are arranged on two sides of the trolley. Through the cooperation of embedded bottom and gyro wheel, can make the dolly keep sliding in the inclined rail, the derailment phenomenon can not appear.

In one embodiment, the top surface of the trolley is provided with an insertion hole for inserting the shading strip corresponding to the signal sending position of the photoelectric door sensor. The design of the jacks can facilitate the replacement of the shading strips with different sizes in experiments.

In one embodiment, a sticky wire block is arranged on one side of the trolley corresponding to the stop gate, and a sticky tape is arranged on a rod body of the stop gate, which collides with the trolley. The trolley slides downwards and collides with the stop door to cause certain rebound to influence data acquisition, and common fastening tape devices in life are fixed in front of the stop door and the trolley respectively, so that rebound can be effectively prevented when the trolley collides, and certain buffering effect can be achieved to reduce damage.

In one embodiment, the spring scale is a round tube type spring scale, and comprises an outer tube fixed on the inclined track, an inner tube inserted in the outer tube, and a spring connected between the bottom end of the inner tube and the inner bottom surface of the outer tube, wherein the outer tube is a transparent tube body, the inner tube is marked with scale marks, and the top end of the inner tube is connected with the string. The spring scale has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and reading and low cost.

In one embodiment, the spring scale is detachably arranged on the inclined track through a fixed seat. Through the fixing base installation, be convenient for change the spring scale of unidimensional or elasticity according to the experiment needs, also can in time change damage spring scale.

In one embodiment, the bottom end of the photoelectric door sensor is rotatably mounted on the inclined rail through a tightening bolt. Therefore, when the experimental instrument needs to be stored in a furled mode, the photoelectric door sensor can be laid down by unscrewing the bolt, and the collection and carrying are more convenient; when in use, the photoelectric door sensor is erected and the bolt is screwed.

The utility model has the advantages and beneficial effect:

the utility model discloses can adjust according to the experiment needs, only need pull out the length of spring through adjusting the string, then directly read data from spring and incline the track, the operation is swift, and the experiment success rate is high. The utility model discloses the slope track inclination is adjustable, only needs to screw up the fastening screw that corresponds the angular position, can keep flat the slope track and vertical swing arm on horizontal base plate after the experiment finishes, can rotate the position parallel with the slope track with photogate sensor support simultaneously to it is also very convenient to carry.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the utility model in use.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of fig. 1A.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of fig. 1B.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the utility model in a furled state.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. The invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed" or "connected" to another element, it can be directly disposed or connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description presented herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

As shown in figures 1 and 4, the experimental instrument is used for carrying out experiments on the relation between work and speed change and comprises a horizontal bottom plate 11, an inclined track 8 hinged at one end of the horizontal bottom plate 11 and a vertical rotary rod 10 hinged at the other end of the horizontal bottom plate 11. Wherein: the inclined track 8 and the vertical rotating rod 10 can rotate around the hinged end, the non-hinged end of the inclined track 8 is provided with a position adjusting screw rod 8-1, and the rod body of the vertical rotating rod 10 is provided with a sliding groove 10-1 for the position adjusting screw rod 8-1 to pass through and adjust up and down. The position adjusting screw 8-1 is fastened at the sliding groove 10-1 of the vertical rotary rod 10 through the arranged fastening screw thread 9. The hinged end of the inclined track 8 is sequentially provided with a spring scale 1, a stop gate 2 and a photoelectric gate sensor 3. The inclined rail 8 is also provided with a trolley 7 which can slide horizontally on the rail. The trolley 7 is provided with a wire spool 6 wound with a thin rope 4 and a shading strip 5, and the pulling-out end of the thin rope 4 is connected with the spring scale 1. And scale marks are marked on the inclined track 8 and the spring scale 1. In order to facilitate accurate reading, an arrow mark indicating a scale mark is further arranged at the lower part of one side of the trolley 7 corresponding to the shading strip, and the arrow mark is shown in detail in fig. 2. The bottom end of the photoelectric door sensor 3 is rotatably arranged on the inclined track 8 through tightening bolts. A level 12 is arranged at one end of the top surface of the inclined rail 8.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the bottom end of the trolley 7 is embedded into an inclined rail 8, and rollers 7-2 are arranged on two sides of the trolley 7. The top surface of the trolley 7 is provided with a jack for inserting the shading strip 5 corresponding to the signal sending position of the photoelectric door sensor 3. One side of the trolley 7 corresponding to the stop gate 2 is provided with a sticky thread block 7-1, and a sticky tape 2-1 is arranged on a rod body of the stop gate 2 colliding with the trolley 7, as shown in figure 3.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the spring scale 1 is a circular tube type spring scale, and includes an outer tube 1-1 fixed on an inclined rail 8, an inner tube 1-2 inserted into the outer tube 1-1, and a spring 1-3 connected between the bottom end of the inner tube 1-2 and the inner bottom surface of the outer tube 1-1. Wherein the outer tube 1-1 is a transparent tube body, the inner tube 1-2 is marked with scale marks, and the top end of the inner tube 1-2 is connected with the thin rope 4. And the spring balance 1 is detachably arranged on the inclined track 8 through the fixed seats 1-4.

The utility model discloses a design and theory of operation:

considering that the trolley is subjected to three constant forces of gravity, supporting force and friction force on the inclined plane, the trolley is simultaneously applied with an elastic force downwards along the inclined plane through the thin wire pull spring. If the spring is stretched by 1cm by the trolley through the string for the first time, and the trolley is statically released from a position 1cm away from the photoelectric door, the total work of gravity, supporting force, friction force and spring elasticity is set as W in the process that the trolley moves to the photoelectric door; then the spring is extended for 2cm for the second time, the elastic force of the spring is changed into 4 times of the original elastic force, the gliding distance of the trolley is increased to 4 times of the original 4 times, namely 4cm, and the total work of the four forces is 4W; by analogy (as shown in table 1), the work changed according to the multiple is obtained, and if the time when the trolley passes through the photoelectric door is recorded each time, (the speed when the trolley passes through the photoelectric door is calculated according to the width of the shading strip on the trolley), the change relation between the resultant force work and the corresponding speed can be explored.

TABLE 1

The utility model discloses the experiment operation is as follows:

firstly, forming a proper angle between an inclined track of an instrument and a horizontal bottom plate, screwing a fastening screw, pulling a trolley away from a photoelectric door sensor for a certain distance, adjusting the length of a string through a wire spool, recording the distance between (a mark line on) the trolley and the photoelectric door and the elongation of a spring, then statically releasing the trolley, recording the time of a shading strip on the trolley passing through the photoelectric door, repeatedly releasing the trolley at the same position for multiple times, taking the time average value recorded by the photoelectric door, and filling data into an Excel table; several sets of experiments were repeated with the position of the release carriage and the extension of the spring changed.

The data recorded for a certain experiment (see table 2) were as follows, wherein the light-shading strips on the car were measured in advance using a vernier caliper.

Because the experimental data are more, various possible ratios of work to speed can be conveniently compared by adopting Excel, and meanwhile, the function of inserting a chart in Excel is used for fitting the data, so that the experiment is fast and visual (as shown in tables 3 and 4), and the experiment can obtain good effect as shown in the following table 4.

TABLE 3

TABLE 4

The embodiments of the present invention are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not right the present invention is designed and limited, without departing from the design concept of the present invention, the technical personnel in the field should fall into the protection scope of the present invention for various modifications and improvements made by the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical contents of the present invention are all recorded in the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a portable merit and speed change relation laboratory glassware which characterized in that includes horizontal base plate, articulates the slope track at horizontal base plate one end and articulates the vertical swing arm at the horizontal base plate other end, wherein:

the inclined track and the vertical rotary rod can rotate around the hinged end, the non-hinged end of the inclined track is provided with a positioning screw rod, a rod body of the vertical rotary rod is provided with a sliding groove for the positioning screw rod to penetrate through and be adjusted up and down, and the positioning screw rod is fastened at the sliding groove of the vertical rotary rod through a fastening thread;

the hinged end of the inclined track is sequentially provided with a spring scale, a stop gate and a photoelectric gate sensor, and the inclined track is also provided with a trolley capable of horizontally sliding on the track; a wire spool wound with a string and a shading strip are arranged on the trolley, and the pull-out end of the string is connected with a spring scale; and scale marks are marked on the inclined track and the spring scale.

2. A portable work and speed relationship experiment instrument according to claim 1, wherein a level gauge is disposed at one end of the top surface of the inclined rail.

3. The portable power and speed relationship experimental instrument according to claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the trolley is embedded in the inclined rail, and rollers are arranged on two sides of the trolley.

4. The portable power and speed variation relation experiment instrument according to claim 1, wherein the top surface of the cart is provided with an insertion hole for inserting a light shielding strip corresponding to the signal transmission position of the photoelectric door sensor.

5. The portable power and speed relationship experimental instrument according to claim 1, wherein a sticky thread block is arranged on one side of the trolley corresponding to the stop gate, and a sticky tape is arranged on a rod body of the stop gate colliding with the trolley.

6. The portable power and speed relationship experimental apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the spring balance is a round tube type spring balance, and comprises an outer tube fixed on the inclined rail, an inner tube inserted in the outer tube, and a spring connected between the bottom end of the inner tube and the inner bottom surface of the outer tube, wherein the outer tube is a transparent tube, the inner tube is marked with scale marks, and the top end of the inner tube is connected with the string.

7. A portable work and speed variation relation experiment instrument according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the spring balance is detachably mounted on the inclined rail through a fixing seat.

8. A portable work and speed relationship laboratory instrument according to claim 1, wherein said bottom end of said photoelectric door sensor is rotatably mounted on said inclined rail by means of a screw bolt.