CN210478809U

CN210478809U - Steering column of vehicle and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN210478809U
Application number: CN201921241460.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张玉玺; 衣雅琳; 王延涛; 李闯
Original assignee: Beijing Hainachuan Automotive Parts Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Hainachuan Automotive Parts Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-08-01
Filing date: 2019-08-01
Publication date: 2020-05-08
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-01

Abstract

The utility model discloses a steering column and vehicle of vehicle, the steering column of vehicle includes: output shaft, input shaft and collapse subassembly. The output shaft comprises a first section and a second section connected with the first section; the input shaft is provided with a buffer cavity, the first section is positioned in the buffer cavity, the second section is positioned outside the buffer cavity, the input shaft can move along the axial direction of the input shaft relative to the output shaft, the input shaft comprises a third section, and the third section is externally sleeved on the first section; the inside of the crumple assembly is provided with a cavity, the crumple assembly comprises a piston, the piston is arranged in the cavity to divide the cavity into a first crumple cavity and a second crumple cavity, buffer media are filled in the first crumple cavity and the second crumple cavity, the piston is connected with the input shaft and synchronously moves with the input shaft to adjust the volume ratio of the first crumple cavity to the second crumple cavity. Therefore, the active collapse function of the steering column can be realized by matching the output shaft, the input shaft and the collapse assembly, and the steering column can be reused after the collapse of the steering column occurs.

Description

Steering column of vehicle and vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the vehicle and specifically relates to a steering column of vehicle and have steering column's of this vehicle is related to.

Background

The steering column of the vehicle is connected with a steering wheel and a steering gear, the steering column can transmit steering torque applied to the steering wheel by a driver to a steering machine, and the driver controls the driving direction of the automobile through the steering wheel, the steering column and the steering gear. Along with the improvement of the requirements of people on the riding comfort and the driving safety of the vehicle, the height of the steering column is required to be adjusted, and the steering wheel can be adjusted to a position suitable for the operation of a driver.

In the related art, when a vehicle collides, the chest and the head of a driver easily hit a steering wheel, and the driver receives a reverse impact force from a steering column and the steering wheel, thereby causing injury to the driver. At present, a passive mechanical crumple energy absorption structure is mostly adopted by a steering column, the mechanical crumple energy absorption structure is a mechanism which cannot be recycled, and once the steering column is crumpled, the steering column can be scrapped and cannot be recycled.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses aim at solving one of the technical problem that exists among the prior art at least. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a steering column for a vehicle, which has an active collapsing function, and the steering column can be reused after collapsing.

The utility model discloses a vehicle is further proposed.

According to the utility model discloses a steering column of vehicle includes: an output shaft, one end of the output shaft being adapted to be connected to a steering gear, the output shaft comprising a first section and a second section connected to the first section; the input shaft is suitable for being connected with a steering wheel, the input shaft is provided with a buffer cavity, the first section is located in the buffer cavity, the second section is located outside the buffer cavity, the input shaft and the output shaft synchronously rotate, the input shaft can move along the axial direction of the input shaft relative to the output shaft, the input shaft comprises a third section, and the third section is sleeved on the first section; the crumple assembly is connected with the output shaft, the output shaft can rotate relative to the crumple assembly, a cavity is formed in the crumple assembly, the crumple assembly comprises a piston, the piston is arranged in the cavity to divide the cavity into a first crumple cavity and a second crumple cavity, buffering media are filled in the first crumple cavity and the second crumple cavity, the piston is connected with the input shaft, and the piston and the input shaft synchronously move to adjust the volume ratio of the first crumple cavity to the second crumple cavity.

According to the utility model discloses a steering column of vehicle, through output shaft, input shaft and the cooperation of the subassembly that contracts of ulcerate, can realize steering column's the initiative function of contracting of ulcerate, steering column takes place to burst after contracting, and steering column can reuse.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the collapsing assembly further includes a sleeve, a first sealing element, a second sealing element and a communicating pipe, the piston is clamped between the output shaft and the sleeve, the piston is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the output shaft, and the piston is connected to the end of the input shaft; the sleeve is sleeved outside the third section and the second section, the first sealing piece is sleeved on the peripheral wall of the input shaft, the first sealing piece and the piston are spaced along the axis direction of the input shaft, the first crumple cavity is defined between the peripheral wall of the third section, the first sealing piece, the piston and the peripheral wall inside the sleeve, the second sealing piece is sleeved on the peripheral wall of the output shaft, the second sealing piece and the piston are spaced along the axis direction of the output shaft, the second crumple cavity is defined between the peripheral wall of the second section, the second sealing piece, the piston and the inner peripheral wall of the sleeve, and the communicating pipe is used for communicating the first crumple cavity and the second crumple cavity and is suitable for adjusting the volume ratio of the first crumple cavity to the second crumple cavity.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the subassembly that contracts still includes the solenoid valve, the solenoid valve is located communicating pipe for control the flow of the cushion medium that passes through in the communicating pipe.

The utility model discloses an in some embodiments, the subassembly that contracts bursts still includes the liquid reserve tank, the liquid reserve tank is located the middle part of communicating pipe, the solenoid valve is two, one of them the solenoid valve is located the one end of communicating pipe with between the liquid reserve tank, wherein another the solenoid valve is located the other end of communicating pipe with between the liquid reserve tank.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the collapsing assembly further comprises a strong magnet and a plate electrode, the strong magnet and the plate electrode are all disposed on the inner circumferential wall of the sleeve, and the strong magnet and the plate electrode are disposed at an interval along the circumferential direction of the sleeve.

In some embodiments of the present invention, there are two strong magnets, and the two strong magnets are disposed opposite to each other along a radial direction of the sleeve; the plate electrode is two, two the plate electrode is followed sheathed tube radial direction sets up relatively, and two the plate electrode is followed with two strong magnet the sheathed tube circumference direction staggered distribution.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the inner circumferential wall of the sleeve has a first insulating layer.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the steering column of the vehicle further includes a first bearing, an inner ring of the first bearing is sleeved outside the input shaft, an outer ring of the first bearing is sleeved inside the sleeve, and the first bearing and the first sealing member are spaced apart along an axial direction of the input shaft.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the steering column of the vehicle further includes a second bearing and a bearing seat, the bearing seat is sleeved with the sleeve, the inner ring of the second bearing is sleeved with the outer ring of the output shaft, and the outer ring of the second bearing is connected with the bearing seat.

In some embodiments of the present invention, at least one of the outer peripheral wall of the input shaft and the outer peripheral wall of the output shaft is provided with a second insulating layer.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the steering column of the vehicle further comprises a locking ring, the locking ring is externally sleeved on the input shaft for limiting the movement of the input shaft.

According to the utility model discloses a vehicle includes: an electronic control unit; and the steering column is in communication connection with the electronic control unit, and is the steering column of the vehicle.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a steering column according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken at B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a steering column according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view at D-D in fig. 4.

Reference numerals:

a steering column 10;

an output shaft 1; a first section 11; a second section 12;

an input shaft 2; a buffer chamber 21; a third segment 22;

a collapsing assembly 3; a cavity 31; a first crush chamber 32; a second crush chamber 33; a piston 34; a buffer medium 35; a sleeve 36; a first seal 37; a second seal 38; the communicating tube 39; a solenoid valve 391; a reservoir 392; a ferromagnetic body 393; an electrode plate 394;

a first insulating layer 4; a first bearing 5; a second bearing 6; a bearing seat 7; a second insulating layer 8; a locking ring 9; an upper pipe string support 91; a lower string support 92; an electromagnet 93;

an electronic control unit 20.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

A steering column 10 of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a steering column 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes: an output shaft 1, an input shaft 2 and a crush assembly 3. One end of the output shaft 1 is suitable for being connected with a steering gear, the output shaft 1 comprises a first section 11 and a second section 12 connected with the first section 11, the input shaft 2 is suitable for being connected with a steering wheel, the output shaft 1 and the input shaft 2 are connected through a spline, torque applied to the steering wheel by a driver is transmitted to the output shaft 1 through the spline by the input shaft 2 and then transmitted to a steering gear and a tire at the rear end of the steering column 10, and the steering column 10 can be guaranteed to stably and reliably transmit the torque of the steering wheel.

The input shaft 2 is provided with a buffer cavity 21, the first section 11 is located in the buffer cavity 21, the second section 12 is located outside the buffer cavity 21, the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 1 rotate synchronously, the input shaft 2 can move along the axial direction of the input shaft 2 relative to the output shaft 1, the input shaft 2 comprises a third section 22, the third section 22 is sleeved outside the first section 11, it should be noted that the lengths of the first section 11, the second section 12 and the third section 22 are changed, when the input shaft 2 moves along the axial direction, the length of the output shaft 1 located in the buffer cavity 21 is the first section 11, the length of the output shaft 1 located outside the buffer cavity 21 is the second section 12, and the length of the input shaft 2 sleeved outside the first section 11 is the third section 22.

The collapse assembly 3 is connected with the output shaft 1, the output shaft 1 can rotate relative to the collapse assembly 3, the interior of the collapse assembly 3 is provided with a cavity 31, the collapse assembly 3 comprises a piston 34, the piston 34 is arranged in the cavity 31, the piston 34 can divide the cavity 31 into a first collapse cavity 32 and a second collapse cavity 33, the first collapse cavity 32 and the second collapse cavity 33 are filled with a buffer medium 35, the piston 34 is connected with the input shaft 2, and the piston 34 and the input shaft 2 synchronously move, it should be explained that the synchronous movement of the piston 34 and the input shaft 2 can mean that the piston 34 and the input shaft 2 synchronously rotate, or mean that the piston 34 and the input shaft 2 move together along the axial direction of the input shaft 2, when the piston 34 moves together with the input shaft 2 in the axial direction of the input shaft 2, the volume ratio of the first crush chamber 32 to the second crush chamber 33, which is the ratio of the volume of the first crush chamber 32 to the volume of the second crush chamber 33, can be adjusted.

When the height of the steering column 10 needs to be adjusted, the buffer media 35 in the first and

second crush chambers

32 and 33 circulate in the first and

second crush chambers

32 and 33 filled with the buffer media 35, so that the volume ratio of the first and

second crush chambers

32 and 33 is changed, then the piston 34 moves along the axial direction of the input shaft 2 together with the input shaft 2, and finally the input shaft 2 is adjusted to a position which is considered to be suitable by a driver, thereby achieving the work purpose of adjusting the height of the steering column 10.

Moreover, when a vehicle collides, the buffer medium 35 in the second crush chamber 33 flows into the first crush chamber 32, the buffer medium 35 in the first crush chamber 32 pushes the piston 34 to move downwards, and then the piston 34 moves downwards together with the input shaft 2, so that the crush of the steering column 10 is realized, the reverse impact force applied to the driver by the steering column 10 and the steering wheel can be reduced, the injury to the driver caused by the collision can be reduced, and the driving safety of the vehicle can be improved.

Meanwhile, after the steering column 10 is collapsed, the buffer medium 35 in the first collapse chamber 32 flows into the second collapse chamber 33, the buffer medium 35 in the second collapse chamber 33 pushes the piston 34 to move upwards, then the piston 34 drives the input shaft 2 to move upwards together, and the input shaft 2 moves to the position before the steering column 10 is collapsed, so that the steering column 10 can be reused after being collapsed.

Therefore, the active collapse function of the steering column 10 can be realized by matching the output shaft 1, the input shaft 2 and the collapse assembly 3, and the steering column 10 can be repeatedly used after the steering column 10 collapses.

As shown in fig. 1, the crush module 3 can further include a sleeve 36, a first packing 37, a second packing 38, and a communication tube 39, and the sleeve 36 can be fixed to a cross member under the dashboard of the vehicle by an upper column bracket 91 and a lower column bracket 92. The piston 34 is interposed between the output shaft 1 and the sleeve 36, and the piston 34 is fitted around the outer peripheral wall of the output shaft 1, and the piston 34 is connected to an end of the input shaft 2, for example: the piston 34 is connected to the lower end of the input shaft 2.

The sleeve 36 is sleeved on the third section 22 and the second section 12, the first sealing member 37 is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the input shaft 2, the first sealing member 37 and the piston 34 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the input shaft 2, and the first crush chamber 32 is defined between the outer peripheral wall of the third section 22, the first sealing member 37, the piston 34 and the inner peripheral wall of the sleeve 36. The second sealing member 38 is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the output shaft 1, the second sealing member 38 and the piston 34 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the output shaft 1, a second crush chamber 33 is defined among the outer peripheral wall of the second section 12, the second sealing member 38, the piston 34 and the inner peripheral wall of the sleeve 36, the communication pipe 39 is used for communicating the first crush chamber 32 and the second crush chamber 33, and the communication pipe 39 is suitable for adjusting the volume ratio of the first crush chamber 32 to the second crush chamber 33.

Specifically, the first and

second crush chambers

32 and 33 are filled with the buffer medium 35, the first and

second crush chambers

32 and 33 are communicated with each other through the communication pipe 39, the buffer medium 35 in the first crush chamber 32 can flow into the second crush chamber 33 through the communication pipe 39, and the buffer medium 35 in the second crush chamber 33 can flow into the first crush chamber 32 through the communication pipe 39, so that the working purpose of adjusting the volume ratio of the first and

second crush chambers

32 and 33 can be achieved.

As shown in fig. 1, the crash module 3 may further include a solenoid valve 391, the solenoid valve 391 may be provided in the communication pipe 39, and the solenoid valve 391 may be configured to control the flow rate of the buffer medium 35 passing through the communication pipe 39. The amount of the buffer medium 35 in the first crush chamber 32 and the second crush chamber 33 can be controlled by providing the electromagnetic valve 391, and the electromagnetic valve 391 is closed when the height of the steering column 10 is not adjusted and the steering column 10 is not collapsed, so that the buffer medium 35 in the first crush chamber 32 and the second crush chamber 33 can be kept stationary and the piston 34 can be kept stationary by the action of the stationary buffer medium 35.

When the height of the steering column 10 needs to be adjusted, the electromagnetic valve 391 is opened, the buffer medium 35 in the first crush chamber 32 and the second crush chamber 33 circulates between the first crush chamber 32 and the second crush chamber 33, the volume ratio of the first crush chamber 32 and the second crush chamber 33 is changed, then the piston 34 moves along the axial direction of the input shaft 2 together with the input shaft 2, and finally the input shaft 2 is adjusted to a position which is considered to be appropriate by a driver, so that the work purpose of adjusting the height of the steering column 10 can be achieved.

In addition, when a vehicle collides, the electromagnetic valve 391 is opened, the buffer medium 35 in the second crush chamber 33 flows into the first crush chamber 32, the buffer medium 35 in the first crush chamber 32 pushes the piston 34 to move downwards, and then the piston 34 moves downwards together with the input shaft 2, so that the crush of the steering column 10 is realized, the reverse impact force applied to the driver by the steering column 10 and the steering wheel can be reduced, the injury to the driver caused by the collision can be reduced, and the driving safety of the vehicle can be improved.

Meanwhile, after the steering column 10 is collapsed, the electromagnetic valve 391 is opened, the buffer medium 35 in the first collapse chamber 32 flows into the second collapse chamber 33, the buffer medium 35 in the second collapse chamber 33 pushes the piston 34 to move upwards, and then the piston 34 drives the input shaft 2 to move upwards together, so that the input shaft 2 moves to the position before the steering column 10 is collapsed, and the steering column 10 can be reused after being collapsed.

As shown in fig. 1, the crash module 3 may further include a liquid storage box 392, the liquid storage box 392 is disposed at a middle position of the communicating pipe 39, and the liquid storage box 392 may store the buffer medium 35 therein, so that it may be ensured that the steering column 10 has a sufficient buffer medium 35 therein. The electromagnetic valves 391 may be provided in two, one of the electromagnetic valves 391 being located between one end of the communication pipe 39 and the reservoir 392, and the other of the electromagnetic valves 391 being located between the other end of the communication pipe 39 and the reservoir 392, so that the amounts of the charged buffer medium 35 in the first and

second collapse chambers

32 and 33 can be controlled, respectively.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the collapsing assembly 3 may further include a strong magnet 393 and an electrode plate 394, the strong magnet 393 and the electrode plate 394 are disposed on the inner peripheral wall of the sleeve 36, and the strong magnet 393 and the electrode plate 394 are disposed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the sleeve 36, so that a magnetic field with a constant magnetic field strength and direction can be formed in the first collapsing cavity 32 and the second collapsing cavity 33, and the magnetic field is perpendicular to the axis of the steering column 10.

When the electrode plate 394 is energized, an electric field is generated in the first crush chamber 32 and the second crush chamber 33 perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. When the electrode plate 394 is energized, the buffer media 35 in the first and

second crush chambers

32 and 33 generate a lorentz force with controllable direction and adjustable magnitude under the action of the mutually perpendicular magnetic field and electric field, and the buffer media 35 pushes the piston 34 to move up and down along the axial direction of the input shaft 2 under the action of the lorentz force, so that the height adjustment of the steering column 10 along the up-down direction can be realized.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the two strong magnets 393 may be disposed, the two strong magnets 393 are disposed opposite to each other in the radial direction of the sleeve 36, the two electrode plates 394 may be disposed opposite to each other in the radial direction of the sleeve 36, and the two electrode plates 394 and the two strong magnets 393 are staggered in the circumferential direction of the sleeve 36. When the height of the steering column 10 needs to be adjusted, the two solenoid valves 391 are opened, the voltage and the power polarity of the electrode plate 394 are controlled, the buffer media 35 in the first crumple chamber 32 and the second crumple chamber 33 are subjected to the action of lorentz force under the action of mutually perpendicular magnetic fields and electric fields, and the buffer media 35 push the piston 34 to move along the axial direction of the input shaft 2 under the action of the lorentz force, so that the input shaft 2 is adjusted to a position desired by a driver.

In addition, in the process of collapsing the steering column 10, the magnitude of the lorentz force applied to the buffer medium 35 is changed by changing the strength of the voltage control electric field at the two ends of the electrode plate 394, so that the collapsing stroke and the collapsing force of the steering column 10 can be controlled, and the collapsing force and the collapsing stroke of the steering column 10 can be automatically adjusted when the steering column 10 collapses. Meanwhile, the steering column 10 can automatically recover to the state before collapse, and the steering column 10 can be recycled after collapse, so that the maintenance cost of the steering column 10 after vehicle collision can be reduced. In addition, the steering column 10 of the present application is simple in structure, reliable in operation, and high in product consistency during production.

As shown in fig. 1, the first insulating layer 4 is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the sleeve 36, and the first insulating layer 4 has insulating properties, so that when the electrode plate 394 is energized, electricity can be prevented from being conducted to the outer surface of the sleeve 36, and the electric leakage of the steering column 10 can be avoided, thereby preventing a driver from getting an electric shock, and further improving the driving safety of the vehicle.

As shown in fig. 1, the steering column 10 may further include a first bearing 5, an inner ring of the first bearing 5 is sleeved outside the input shaft 2, an outer ring of the first bearing 5 is sleeved inside the sleeve 36, and the first bearing 5 and the first sealing member 37 are arranged at a distance in the axial direction of the input shaft 2, so that the input shaft 2 is reliably supported inside the sleeve 36, and the input shaft 2 can freely rotate inside the sleeve 36.

As shown in fig. 1, the steering column 10 may further include: the output shaft 1 can be reliably installed in the sleeve 36 by the arrangement, the output shaft 1 can freely rotate in the sleeve 36, and the steering column 10 can be ensured to stably and reliably transmit the torque of a steering wheel.

As shown in fig. 1, at least one of the outer peripheral wall of the input shaft 2 and the outer peripheral wall of the output shaft 1 is provided with the second insulating layer 8, that is, the second insulating layer 8 may be provided only on the outer peripheral wall of the input shaft 2, only on the outer peripheral wall of the output shaft 1, or both the outer peripheral wall of the input shaft 2 and the outer peripheral wall of the output shaft 1, and the second insulating layer 8 is provided both on the outer peripheral wall of the input shaft 2 and the outer peripheral wall of the output shaft 1 in this application as an example. The second insulating layer 8 has insulating properties, and when the electrode plate 394 is energized, the electric conduction to the outer surfaces of the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 1 can be prevented by the arrangement, so that the electric leakage of the steering column 10 can be further avoided, the electric shock of a driver can be further prevented, and the driving safety of the vehicle can be further improved.

The buffer medium 35 may be configured as a conductive liquid, and in the above embodiment, the buffer medium 35 is configured as a conductive liquid, and when the electrode plate 394 is energized, the buffer medium 35 is enabled to be acted by lorentz force, so that the buffer medium 35 can flow between the first crumple chamber 32 and the second crumple chamber 33, and normal operation of the steering column 10 can be ensured.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the steering column 10 may further include: a locking ring 9, the locking ring 9 being fitted over the input shaft 2, the locking ring 9 being operable to limit movement of the input shaft 2, for example: when the rotation of the input shaft 2 is not required, the lock ring 9 may lock the input shaft 2, so that the input shaft 2 may be prevented from rotating, and after the input shaft 2 moves in the axial direction of the input shaft 2 for a certain length, the lock ring 9 may stop against the first bearing 5 and/or the sleeve 36, so that the input shaft 2 may be prevented from moving downward all the time.

A vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the electronic control unit 20 and the steering column 10, the steering column 10 is connected with the electronic control unit 20 in communication, and the steering column 10 is the steering column 10 of the above embodiment. When the vehicle is involved in a collision, the airbag controller transmits an airbag firing signal to the electronic control unit 20. The electronic control unit 20 controls the two solenoid valves 391 to open, the electronic control unit 20 can enable the buffer medium 35 to be subjected to lorentz forces with different magnitudes by controlling voltage values at two ends of the electrode plate 394, and the buffer medium 35 pushes the piston 34 to move in the sleeve 36 under the action of the lorentz forces, so that the steering column 10 is collapsed. After the steering column 10 is collapsed, the electronic control unit 20 applies opposite power polarities to the electrode plate 394, the buffer medium 35 receives opposite lorentz forces, and the buffer medium 35 pushes the piston 34 to move in the opposite direction, so that the input shaft 2 returns to the position before collapse, and the steering column 10 can be reused after collapse.

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, a steering column 10 according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes: an output shaft 1, an input shaft 2 and a crush assembly 3. One end of the output shaft 1 is suitable for being connected with a steering gear, the output shaft 1 comprises a first section 11 and a second section 12 connected with the first section 11, the input shaft 2 is suitable for being connected with a steering wheel, the output shaft 1 and the input shaft 2 are connected through a spline, torque applied to the steering wheel by a driver is transmitted to the output shaft 1 through the spline by the input shaft 2 and then transmitted to a steering gear and a tire at the rear end of the steering column 10, and the steering column 10 can be guaranteed to stably and reliably transmit the torque of the steering wheel.

The input shaft 2 is provided with a buffer cavity 21, the first section 11 is located in the buffer cavity 21, the second section 12 is located outside the buffer cavity 21, the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 1 rotate synchronously, the input shaft 2 can move along the axial direction of the input shaft 2 relative to the output shaft 1, the input shaft 2 comprises a third section 22, the third section 22 is externally sleeved on the first section 11, it should be noted that the lengths of the first section 11, the second section 12 and the third section 22 are changed, when the input shaft 2 moves along the axial direction, the length of the output shaft 1 located in the buffer cavity 21 is the first section 11, the length of the output shaft 1 located outside the buffer cavity 21 is the second section 12, and the length of the input shaft 2 externally sleeved on the first section 11 is the third section 22.

The collapse assembly 3 is connected with the output shaft 1, the output shaft 1 can rotate relative to the collapse assembly 3, the collapse assembly 3 comprises a piston 34, a sleeve 36, a first sealing piece 37, a second sealing piece 38 and a communication pipe 39, the piston 34 is clamped between the output shaft 1 and the sleeve 36, the piston 34 is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the output shaft 1, and the piston 34 is connected with the end part of the input shaft 2. The sleeve 36 is sleeved on the third section 22 and the second section 12, the first sealing member 37 is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the input shaft 2, the first sealing member 37 and the piston 34 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the input shaft 2, and the first crush chamber 32 is defined between the outer peripheral wall of the third section 22, the first sealing member 37, the piston 34 and the inner peripheral wall of the sleeve 36. The second sealing member 38 is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the output shaft 1, the second sealing member 38 and the piston 34 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the output shaft 1, and a second crush chamber 33 is defined between the outer peripheral wall of the second section 12, the second sealing member 38, the piston 34 and the inner peripheral wall of the sleeve 36.

The piston 34 is used for separating the first crush chamber 32 from the second crush chamber 33, the first crush chamber 32 and the second crush chamber 33 are filled with the buffer medium 35, the communication pipe 39 is used for communicating the first crush chamber 32 with the second crush chamber 33, the piston 34 moves synchronously with the input shaft 2, it should be explained that the synchronous movement of the piston 34 and the input shaft 2 can mean that the piston 34 rotates synchronously with the input shaft 2, or that the piston 34 moves together with the input shaft 2 along the axial direction of the input shaft 2, when the piston 34 and the input shaft 2 move together along the axial direction of the input shaft 2, the volume ratio of the first crush chamber 32 and the second crush chamber 33 can be adjusted, the inner peripheral wall of the sleeve 36 is provided with the electromagnet 93, and the electromagnet 93 is electrically connected with the electronic control unit 20 of the vehicle.

second crush chambers

32 and 33 circulate in the first and

second crush chambers

When a vehicle collision signal is detected by a vehicle collision sensor or the electronic control unit 20, the airbag controller transmits an airbag detonation signal to the electronic control unit 20 through a data line, the electronic control unit 20 adjusts the magnetic field intensity in the electromagnet 93 by controlling the current value of the coil in the electromagnet 93, and the buffer media 35 in the first and

second crush chambers

32 and 33 flow between the first and

second crush chambers

32 and 33 under the action of the magnetic field. In a vehicle collision, the chest of the driver transmits a pressure to the input shaft 2 of the steering column 10 through the steering wheel, so that the input shaft 2 of the steering column 10 is collapsed downward by the pressure until the input shaft 2 is collapsed to a maximum stroke. When the steering column 10 collapses, the buffer media 35 in the first and

second crush chambers

32 and 33 are in a flowing state, and since the density of the buffer media 35 itself is changed by the intensity of the magnetic field, the piston 34 is subjected to resistance when moving downward, and also changes due to the change in the density of the buffer media 35. Therefore, the steering column 10 will generate a corresponding collapsing force during collapsing, and the collapsing force requirement of the steering column 10 of the vehicle can be satisfied.

When the vehicle collides and the steering column 10 collapses, the electronic control unit 20 controls the current value of the coil in the electromagnet 93 to adjust the magnetic field strength in the electromagnet 93 until the magnetic field strength is zero, and the buffer media 35 in the first collapsing cavity 32 and the second collapsing cavity 33 can freely flow under the action of the magnetic field. The vehicle maintenance personnel can manually restore the input shaft 2 to the state before the steering column 10 is collapsed by pulling the steering wheel upwards and start the tube steering column 10 to restore signals, at this time, the electronic control unit 20 of the steering column 10 can continuously control the current of the coil in the electromagnet 93 to enable the first collapsing cavity 32 and the second collapsing cavity 33 to generate a stronger magnetic field and enable the buffer media 35 in the two collapsing cavities to be solidified, the input shaft 2 is kept to be fixed up and down in the sleeve 36 and can only rotate freely, the steering column 10 is enabled to be restored to the state before collapsing, and the repeated use after collapsing of the steering column 10 can be realized.

In addition, during the collapsing process of the steering column 10, the electronic control unit 20 controls the magnetic field strength in the first collapsing cavity 32 and the second collapsing cavity 33 to change the solidified viscosity of the medium in the first collapsing cavity 32 and the second collapsing cavity 33, so as to adjust the collapsing force of the steering column 10. The active collapse steering column 10 can automatically control the collapse force according to the collapse stroke when the column collapses, and the system can be restored to the state before collapse after the collapse of the steering column 10 is completed, so that the repeated utilization of the collapsed steering column 10 can be realized, and the maintenance cost of the steering column 10 after the automobile collides is reduced.

As shown in fig. 4, the crash module 3 may further include a solenoid valve 391, the solenoid valve 391 may be provided in the communication pipe 39, and the solenoid valve 391 may be configured to control the flow rate of the buffer medium 35 passing through the communication pipe 39. The amount of the buffer medium 35 in the first crush chamber 32 and the second crush chamber 33 can be controlled by providing the electromagnetic valve 391, and the electromagnetic valve 391 is closed when the height of the steering column 10 is not adjusted and the steering column 10 is not collapsed, so that the buffer medium 35 in the first crush chamber 32 and the second crush chamber 33 can be kept stationary and the piston 34 can be kept stationary by the action of the stationary buffer medium 35.

As shown in fig. 4, the crash module 3 may further include a liquid storage box 392, the liquid storage box 392 is disposed at a middle position of the communicating pipe 39, and the liquid storage box 392 may store the buffer medium 35 therein, so that it may be ensured that the steering column 10 has a sufficient buffer medium 35 therein. The electromagnetic valves 391 may be provided in two, one of the electromagnetic valves 391 being located between one end of the communication pipe 39 and the reservoir 392, and the other of the electromagnetic valves 391 being located between the other end of the communication pipe 39 and the reservoir 392, so that the amounts of the charged buffer medium 35 in the first and

second collapse chambers

32 and 33 can be controlled, respectively.

The inner peripheral wall of the sleeve 36 has the first insulating layer 4, and the first insulating layer 4 has insulating properties, so that when the electromagnet 93 is electrified, electricity can be prevented from being conducted to the outer surface of the sleeve 36, electric leakage of the steering column 10 can be avoided, electric shock of a driver can be prevented, and driving safety of a vehicle can be improved.

As shown in fig. 4, the steering column 10 may further include a first bearing 5, an inner ring of the first bearing 5 is sleeved outside the input shaft 2, an outer ring of the first bearing 5 is sleeved inside the sleeve 36, and the first bearing 5 and the first sealing member 37 are arranged at a distance in the axial direction of the input shaft 2, so that the input shaft 2 is reliably supported inside the sleeve 36, and the input shaft 2 can freely rotate inside the sleeve 36.

As shown in fig. 4, the steering column 10 may further include: the output shaft 1 can be reliably installed in the sleeve 36 by the arrangement, the output shaft 1 can freely rotate in the sleeve 36, and the steering column 10 can be ensured to stably and reliably transmit the torque of a steering wheel.

At least one of the outer peripheral wall of the input shaft 2 and the outer peripheral wall of the output shaft 1 is provided with the second insulating layer 8, that is, the second insulating layer 8 may be provided only on the outer peripheral wall of the input shaft 2, only on the outer peripheral wall of the output shaft 1, or both the outer peripheral wall of the input shaft 2 and the outer peripheral wall of the output shaft 1, and the second insulating layer 8 is provided both on the outer peripheral wall of the input shaft 2 and the outer peripheral wall of the output shaft 1 in this application as an example. Wherein, the second insulating layer 8 has insulating properties, and when the electro-magnet 93 circular telegram, so set up and can prevent that the electric conduction from to the surface of input shaft 2 and output shaft 1, can further avoid steering column 10 electric leakage to can further prevent that the driver from electrocuteeing, and then can further promote the driving safety nature of vehicle.

The buffer medium 35 may be configured as a magnetic fluid liquid, and in the above embodiment, the buffer medium 35 is configured as a magnetic fluid liquid, the density of the magnetic fluid liquid changes with the change of the magnetic field, when the steering column 10 works normally, the electromagnet 93 is energized to generate a magnetic field, and the magnetic fluid liquid changes into a high density (approximately solid) under the use of the author of the magnetic field, so that the height of the steering column 10 can be kept unchanged. When an automobile collides, a driver presses the steering wheel to apply pressure to the steering wheel, so that the steering column 10 collapses, specifically, when the steering column 10 collapses, the electromagnet 93 reduces the energizing current to reduce the magnetic field intensity, then the density of the magnetic fluid liquid becomes small (can become viscous liquid), the magnetic fluid liquid in the second collapsing cavity 33 flows into the first collapsing cavity 32 after the electromagnetic valve 391 is opened, the magnetic fluid liquid in the first collapsing cavity 32 pushes the piston 34 to move downwards, and then the piston 34 drives the input shaft 2 to move downwards together, so that the collapse of the steering column 10 is realized.

As shown in fig. 4, the steering column 10 may further include: a locking ring 9, the locking ring 9 being fitted over the input shaft 2, the locking ring 9 being operable to limit movement of the input shaft 2, for example: when the rotation of the input shaft 2 is not required, the lock ring 9 may lock the input shaft 2, so that the input shaft 2 may be prevented from rotating, and after the input shaft 2 moves in the axial direction of the input shaft 2 for a certain length, the lock ring 9 may stop against the first bearing 5 and/or the sleeve 36, so that the input shaft 2 may be prevented from moving downward all the time.

A vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the electronic control unit 20 and the steering column 10, the steering column 10 is connected with the electronic control unit 20 in communication, and the steering column 10 is the steering column 10 of the above embodiment.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A steering column for a vehicle, comprising:

an output shaft, one end of the output shaft being adapted to be connected to a steering gear, the output shaft comprising a first section and a second section connected to the first section;

the input shaft is suitable for being connected with a steering wheel, the input shaft is provided with a buffer cavity, the first section is located in the buffer cavity, the second section is located outside the buffer cavity, the input shaft and the output shaft synchronously rotate, the input shaft can move along the axial direction of the input shaft relative to the output shaft, the input shaft comprises a third section, and the third section is sleeved on the first section;

the crumple assembly is connected with the output shaft, the output shaft can rotate relative to the crumple assembly, a cavity is formed in the crumple assembly, the crumple assembly comprises a piston, the piston is arranged in the cavity to divide the cavity into a first crumple cavity and a second crumple cavity, buffering media are filled in the first crumple cavity and the second crumple cavity, the piston is connected with the input shaft, and the piston and the input shaft synchronously move to adjust the volume ratio of the first crumple cavity to the second crumple cavity.

2. The vehicle steering column according to claim 1, wherein the collapse assembly further includes a sleeve, a first packing, a second packing, and a communication pipe, the piston is interposed between the output shaft and the sleeve, and the piston is fitted around an outer peripheral wall of the output shaft,

the piston is connected with the end part of the input shaft;

the sleeve is sleeved on the third section and the second section, the first sealing element is sleeved on the peripheral wall of the input shaft, the first sealing element and the piston are spaced along the axial direction of the input shaft, the first crumple cavity is defined among the peripheral wall of the third section, the first sealing element, the piston and the inner peripheral wall of the sleeve,

the second sealing member cover is located the periphery wall of output shaft, just the second sealing member with the piston is followed the axis direction of output shaft is spaced apart, the periphery wall of second section the second sealing member the piston with inject between the sheathed tube internal perisporium the second chamber of collapsing, communicating pipe is used for the intercommunication first chamber of collapsing with the second chamber of collapsing, and is suitable for the adjustment first chamber of collapsing with the volume ratio of second chamber of collapsing.

3. The vehicle steering column according to claim 2, wherein the collapse assembly further comprises a solenoid valve provided in the communication pipe for controlling a flow rate of the buffer medium passing through the communication pipe.

4. The steering column for a vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the crush assembly further includes a reservoir provided in a middle portion of the communication pipe,

the electromagnetic valves are two, one of the electromagnetic valves is located between one end of the communicating pipe and the liquid storage tank, and the other electromagnetic valve is located between the other end of the communicating pipe and the liquid storage tank.

5. The vehicle steering column according to claim 2, wherein the crush assembly further includes a ferromagnetic member and an electrode plate, the ferromagnetic member and the electrode plate are both disposed on an inner peripheral wall of the sleeve, and the ferromagnetic member and the electrode plate are disposed at an interval in a circumferential direction of the sleeve.

6. The steering column for a vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the number of the strong magnets is two, and the two strong magnets are disposed opposite to each other in a radial direction of the sleeve;

the plate electrode is two, two the plate electrode is followed sheathed tube radial direction sets up relatively, and two the plate electrode is followed with two strong magnet the sheathed tube circumference direction staggered distribution.

7. The steering column for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein an inner peripheral wall of the sleeve has a first insulating layer.

8. The vehicle steering column according to claim 2, further comprising a first bearing having an inner race that is externally fitted over the input shaft and an outer race that is internally fitted over the sleeve, the first bearing being spaced from the first seal in an axial direction of the input shaft.

9. The steering column for a vehicle according to claim 2, further comprising a second bearing and a bearing seat,

the bearing seat is sleeved in the sleeve, the inner ring of the second bearing is sleeved outside the output shaft, and the outer ring of the second bearing is connected with the bearing seat.

10. The steering column for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the outer peripheral wall of the input shaft and the outer peripheral wall of the output shaft is provided with a second insulating layer.

11. The vehicle steering column according to claim 1, further comprising a lock ring externally fitted over the input shaft for restricting movement of the input shaft.

12. A vehicle, characterized by comprising:

an electronic control unit;

a steering column in communication with the electronic control unit, the steering column being a steering column for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1-11.