CN210429935U - Battery package anti-overheating spontaneous combustion prevention and self-explosion prevention system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery pack safety technology and heat dissipation, and discloses an overheat-proof spontaneous combustion-proof and self-explosion-proof system for a battery pack, which comprises an external heat exchanger and a battery pack box body; the outer heat exchanger is provided with a vacuum pump, the outer heat exchanger box body is communicated with the battery pack box body through a liquid pipe with a variable line; the battery package be by the vacuum interior casing, the shell body, stand backing plate clamp plate module, battery grid module, group battery grid, reposition of redundant personnel hole pipe, water conservancy diversion liquid pipe is constituteed, be equipped with the inlet on one side in the battery package, the another side is equipped with the drawing liquid mouth, coolant oil passes through liquid pipe input on one side, take out on one side can, in whole battery package "do not seal, do not enclose frame liquid, directly soak battery (electricity core) heat dissipation", each festival (piece) battery, at stand backing plate module, under the isolation of electricity core grid module, can form the three-dimensional heat transfer space and buffer space of 3D, can reach the highest radiating effect and safety precaution, have with low costs, simple structure, characteristics that the commonality is strong.

Description

Battery package anti-overheating spontaneous combustion prevention and self-explosion prevention system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the battery package, concretely relates to battery package is prevented overheated spontaneous combustion and is prevented explosion-proof system.

Background

At present, the spontaneous combustion spontaneous explosion incident of electric automobile power battery frequently occurs, along with new energy automobile's rapid development, to new energy automobile's security, becomes the problem of solving first, but current battery package heat dissipation technique to and Battery Management System (BMS), can't thoroughly solve the difficult problem that battery package spontaneous combustion spontaneous explosion all because there are many shortcomings and functional limitation, as follows:

the existing air-cooled heat exchange technology has the following defects: the air cooling heat dissipation is the lowest efficiency, the service life of the lithium battery is reduced, dust can be generated for the battery pack, and the air cooling is safer because the air cooling directly conveys oxygen to the battery pack, and once the internal short circuit self-ignition self-explosion of individual batteries occurs, the air cooling brings or contains sufficient oxygen, and can immediately cause violent reaction, and further the self-ignition self-explosion of the whole battery pack can be further caused.

The existing liquid cooling heat dissipation technology has the following defects: when the electric vehicle is in a static full power-off state, when a management system fails and a heat dissipation system cannot be started in time, heat generated when the electrolyte leaks out and is subjected to oxidation reaction can be trapped by isolation materials, heat conduction materials, flow guide media, cooling channels and the like around the battery or can be stacked and sealed by a plurality of battery units, and the phenomena of local overheating, heat trapping and heat resistance can be generated, so that the hidden danger of spontaneous combustion and spontaneous explosion of the whole battery pack is further caused.

Limitations of Battery Management Systems (BMS): the current reality of frequent spontaneous combustion and spontaneous explosion accidents of electric automobiles proves that the better Battery Management System (BMS) can not solve the problems occurring in the battery, such as the battery is quickly charged and overcharged to cause the positive electrode to release oxygen and the negative electrode to separate lithium, the instant chemical reaction, the instant short circuit in the battery, the electrolyte to oxidize and burn, the electrolyte to leak, crystallize and accumulate and the like, and the thermal runaway of the battery pack is further caused, the reaction can be stopped when the overcharge and overdischarge sources are not cut off in time, the BMS management system is powerless, and the reactions still occur when the battery management system is in a closed state or fails; moreover, electrolyte chemical reaction, humid air or have water to be electrolyzed all can produce hydrogen, vibrations friction extrusion during operation or striking all probably take place various electric arc sparks, and the hydrogen that triggers to exist can spontaneous combustion spontaneous explosion, and these are all not controlled by Battery Management System (BMS), and this is the current car enterprise who possesses the good BMS technique, also frequently takes place too much and has the root cause of spontaneous combustion spontaneous explosion.

It can be seen that all the above factors of spontaneous combustion and spontaneous explosion of the lithium battery can not be solved by the Battery Management System (BMS) and the existing heat dissipation technology, so a new technology is needed to solve the problem of spontaneous combustion and spontaneous explosion of the whole battery pack.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide an overheated spontaneous combustion preventing and explosion preventing system is prevented to battery package to solve multiple shortcoming and the disadvantage that exist among the above-mentioned background art.

A battery pack overheating-prevention, spontaneous combustion-prevention and spontaneous explosion-prevention system comprises a battery pack, an outer heat exchanger, a vacuum pump and a liquid pump, wherein the battery pack comprises a box body, a battery, a module battery or a unit battery in the box body, and a 3D three-dimensional heat dissipation space is formed by combining an upright column-shaped base plate module, a pressing plate module, a primary cross battery grid module, a secondary cross battery grid module and a micro-contact circle grid module;

the upright post plate module is formed in one step, small upright posts with gaps are arranged on the plate surface and pressed on the upper surface of the battery and the lower surface of the battery, so that liquid can flow in the upper part and the lower part of the battery without obstruction;

the primary and secondary type cross-shaped battery grid module is formed in one step, the main body of the primary and secondary type cross-shaped battery grid module is a cross-shaped upright post, and batteries which are mutually fixed and isolated are fixed and isolated, the secondary body of the primary and secondary type cross-shaped upright post is a cross-shaped connecting strip on the upper portion and the lower portion and mainly plays a role in fixing and forming a frame, the circle grid module is a cylinder and is in micro contact with the batteries, and the circle grid module is also a one-step formed module and can fix the batteries and;

furthermore, each battery (block) is provided with an upright column-shaped pressing plate at the upper part and an upright column backing plate at the lower part under the support of the upright column backing plate, and other heat exchange and heat conduction medium materials are not used under the fixation and isolation of the primary and secondary cross battery grid modules or the micro-contact circular grid modules at the periphery, so that the batteries form a 3D three-dimensional space in all directions;

furthermore, 4 flow guide pipes, two liquid inlet pipes and two liquid outlet pipes are arranged in the battery pack, the flow guide pipe is arranged at the last section of the battery pack transversely, an outlet head is blocked, and then two rows of small holes are drilled on the pipes to play the roles of flow distribution and pressure reduction;

the utility model provides a battery package prevent overheated, prevent spontaneous combustion, explosion-proof system, the embodiment of the utility model provides an adopt technical scheme is: the heat dissipation mode that the battery (electric core) is directly soaked without sealing and enclosing frame liquid is adopted, the battery pack is filled with the insulating heat conduction oil, the battery is directly and completely soaked in the heat conduction liquid with the optimal characteristic (see the embodiment in detail), because other heat conduction and heat exchange medium accessories are not arranged, the heat diffusion of the battery directly contacting with the liquid is not hindered, thus, the fully-filled insulated heat conduction oil is in the battery pack, the battery (electric core) is directly soaked for heat dissipation without sealing or surrounding the liquid, only the liquid is input at one side of the battery pack, and the liquid is pumped out at the other side, so that the heat conduction oil naturally flows in a vertical convection way and spreads around, and each section (block) of the battery is allowed to move without hindrance, the battery pack can contact liquid on the whole body to perform 3D three-dimensional heat dissipation, so that the aim of quickly dissipating heat is fulfilled, and the aim of preventing overheating of the battery pack of the system is fulfilled.

The 3D three-dimensional heat dissipation method is different from other existing heat dissipation technologies, and only partially or partially dissipates heat, such as: the other heat dissipation technology is that the battery conducts flow guiding and heat dissipation through a channel formed by a flow guiding pipe, a flow guiding belt, a flow guiding plate, a composite pore plate and the like, and comprises the steps of replacing a plate surface by using original components of unit batteries, stacking the unit batteries to form one surface, enclosing a cavity with a bottom plate, a top plate and other media, and using the cavity as a channel formed by a cooling flow channel to replace a pipeline to conduct local or partial heat dissipation of the battery, wherein the cavity channel enclosed by the unit batteries is low in heat dissipation efficiency, the unit batteries stacked in the cooling flow channel are seen on the surface, one surface in the channel of the enclosure frame can be directly contacted with liquid for heat dissipation, but for one battery cell or one unit battery, more than 80% of the area is sealed by the battery shells stacked in each other or the enclosure frames of the unit batteries, and once the internal short circuit occurs in the individual battery cell, the heat can be conducted to other enclosed battery cells, chain reaction may occur, even if the monomer generating heat does not explode, the generated gas can be discharged from the explosion-proof port, but the reaction heat is still continuous, and the surrounding battery cells are thermally damaged, so that more internal changes of the battery cells are caused, and more hidden troubles are left.

And the technical scheme of the utility model "do not seal, do not enclose frame liquid, let the battery contact liquid comprehensively, carry out 3D three-dimensional heat dissipation", just can avoid other electric core chain reactions, other radiating mode all confine the coolant liquid in certain space, when not starting cooling system, or when battery management system became invalid, will trap the heat that produces in the twinkling of an eye locally, can't release local heat in whole coolant liquid (coolant oil), can't reach this technical scheme, under the prerequisite that battery management system became invalid, still can "the effect of natural whole even heat of sharing out, dilution cooling", the utility model discloses technical scheme, only need be on one side at the battery package with leading-in liquid pipe cold liquid, the another side with liquid pipe take out hot liquid can, concrete implementation flow step can refer to following embodiment explanation;

furthermore, the spontaneous combustion and explosion prevention system of the embodiment is realized on the basis of the 3D heat dissipation mode and the system flow, and as the whole battery, welding points, connecting circuits, components and the like are completely soaked in the solution by the insulating heat conduction oil, the upward floating characteristic of gases such as hydrogen, oxygen and the like can be utilized, hydrogen (mixed gas) and oxygen which are possibly generated by various reactions are shielded and separated by the filled insulating heat conduction oil, and when a liquid pump of the heat dissipation system is frequently started, inflammable hydrogen and oxygen are discharged out of a battery pack along with the liquid, enter an external heat exchanger and are discharged out through an exhaust valve or a vacuum pump of the external heat exchanger; the method for switching the external heat exchanger by adding the vacuum pump and the variable line aims at realizing the program setting, so that the heat exchanger can keep a vacuum state inside, not only can play a role in emptying floating gas in a battery pack, but also can play a role in separating out gas possibly dissolved in heat conducting oil; by the method of fully soaking the battery pack, the aging of the circuit is prevented, and arc extinction is realized to eliminate electric arc sparks which are easy to generate when the electric vehicle is subjected to various vibrations and impacts; to sum up the principle of utility model utilization to and the system architecture that corresponds, can fundamentally, eliminate the prerequisite existence condition that the spontaneous combustion spontaneous explosion probably takes place for the battery package: hydrogen (mixed gas), oxygen and spark, thereby achieving the purposes of preventing spontaneous combustion and spontaneous explosion of the whole battery pack.

Furthermore, in the battery pack of the embodiment, the "cross design structure of the variable line" refers to 4 flow guide pipes for insulating heat conduction oil in the battery pack, two pipes pass through an electric valve, and the two pipes pass through a liquid pump and are mutually switched to form a passage when the liquid pump is started, so that 4 pipes in the battery pack become 2 pipes after being discharged.

The line-changing design and the principle of the line-changing design are very important for a completely-static and completely-power-off electric vehicle, because under the condition that a battery management system fails or cannot be started in time, local heat generated by instant short circuit in a battery and local heat generated by chemical reaction of electrolyte can occur, at the moment, if the system is not started, the heat can be trapped and rapidly heated, the result of further chain reaction is caused, and the reason is also the spontaneous combustion and spontaneous explosion of a plurality of static electric vehicles.

Further, "the cross design structure and the switching method of variable line", can let two boxes keep the eternal through state, the design purpose also, the natural hydraulic pressure that usable "two boxes formed, the deuterogamy the utility model discloses a 3D structure also is a technique that compresses tightly laminate polymer battery (battery module"), can solve laminate polymer battery module and exist: the problem that when the processing pressure is too low, the single battery bulges and is separated from layers due to vibration when the electric vehicle runs, and the local deformation and chemical degradation are caused due to too high pressure, so that the larger capacity attenuation rate is caused is solved.

Further, if adopt the embodiment of the utility model provides a, with regard to usable outer box low hydraulic pressure not too high, to the all-round hydraulic pressure of battery module 3D, can the flexible laminate battery that compresses tightly, like this, when supporting battery or battery module that the customization corresponds, just can require to alleviate the pressure to laminate battery when battery module processing preparation, keep the highest activity of electrolyte, improve the electric capacity to and battery life, thereby full play laminate battery high density and life's long advantage.

[ the utility model has the following advantages ]

The embodiment of the utility model provides a, the three-dimensional radiating mode of 3D who adopts not only can reach the highest radiating efficiency, still because of having the design characteristics of heat all shared, can improve the life of battery.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a, have comprehensive commonality, the solution of this method principle, no matter be module battery package, still do not have module battery package, all be applicable to the battery of any physique of installation, including cylindrical battery, square battery, laminate polymer battery and so on.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a plan view of the overall structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a technical principle and a system structure of an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection and flow of the external heat exchanger according to the embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the outline of each module for one-side specific installation

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cylindrical battery grid and column spacer module

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cylindrical battery 3D space

FIG. 7 is a schematic 3D space diagram of a pouch and a prismatic cell

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a grid module structure of a square or soft-package battery

Fig. 9 schematic diagram of a frame structure of a battery pack case according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 10 shows the distribution of the main circuit and the liquid tube in the battery pack

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of different shapes of frame structures of a battery pack

The labels in the figure are: 1 insulating conduction oil, 2 shell bodies (outer), 3 interior casings, 4 stand clamp plate backing plate modules, 5 batteries (electric core), 6 liquid pipe butt joint mouths of tubes, 7 liquid pipe butt joint mouths of tubes, 8 cylindrical battery grid module, 9 anodal main lines, 10 negative pole main lines, 11 conduction oil business turn over pipes, 12 conduction oil business turn over pipes, 13 group battery fixed frame, 14 battery interval fixed grid module, 15 aluminum alloy interlayer backing plate, 16 flame retardant coating, 17 overcharge and over-discharge protection device, 18 support module, 19 outside heat exchangers, 20 vacuum pumps, 21 vacuum pump discharge valve, 22 is heat exchanger discharge valve, 27 is the blowdown, the flowing back valve.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of a battery pack, and the insulated heat conducting oil 1, preferably low-viscosity simethicone, has the same fluidity as water at the viscosity of 10 or less, can be used for a long time at-50 ℃ to +200 ℃, and also has the characteristics of insulativity, thermal conductivity, arc extinction, chemical inertness, nonflammability, oxidation resistance of a protective medium, small viscosity-temperature coefficient, water resistance of a sealing film medium, particularly the characteristics of a grinding tool, rubber and a circuit which do not corrode metal and do not dissolve plastic, and the characteristics which are not possessed by other heat conducting oils; the outer shell (outer layer of the battery pack) is preferably made of aluminum alloy; the inner shell 3 is preferably made of high-temperature-resistant PPR or flame-retardant PVC (plastic steel) profile; the battery (electric core) 5 can be assembled with electric cores of any shapes such as round, square and soft packages; the cylindrical battery grid module 8 is shown as being made of the same material and selected as the vacuum inner shell; the positive main line 9 shown; the negative main line 10 is shown; the heat conducting oil liquid inlet pipe 11 is shown; a heat transfer oil outlet pipe 12 is shown; the illustrated battery pack framework, and in particular (D3F) technical principles and flow, are set forth with reference to fig. 2.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of arrangement of heat exchange pipelines of a battery pack, which is a specific explanation and brief introduction of a system structure of the 3D full immersion technology of the present invention, and the shown liquid outlet 2001 is a top pipeline port through which cold liquid flows when the battery pack cools down, and enters a side shunt pipe, that is, a butted elbow pipe is perforated with holes to uniformly distribute cold liquid, and the shown liquid outlet 2002 is a top pipeline port through which high-temperature liquid is pumped out when the battery pack cools down, and when the battery pack needs to cool down, a cooling liquid pump 2009 is started, and an electric valve channel 2010 is closed to pump out hot silicone oil on the upper portion of one side 2002 to enter an inlet end 26 (see fig. 3) of an external radiator, and the cooled cold silicone oil passes through an outlet 23 (see fig. 3) at the other end of the external radiator under the high natural pressure of the external box, and passes through a pipeline 2008 (normally, which is in a passage state), the heat-conducting oil flows back to 2001 on the other side of the battery pack and is discharged through a bent transverse pipe hole, so that a heat exchange circulation at the uppermost part of the liquid is formed during cooling, a liquid pipe opening at 2002 is used for pumping hot silicon oil into an external heat exchange box body, introduced cold silicon oil is discharged at 2001, when the cold silicon oil flows at the upper part of a battery pack (electric core), cold is naturally conducted into the liquid surrounding the battery at the lower part, and the whole heat dissipation and cooling process is completed, the whole process is very simple, natural, direct and direct, the circulating perimeter is short, only the distance from the left side to the right side or from the front side to the back side of the battery pack is needed, the shown 2005 represents downward cold convection movement, the heat generated by the battery can also naturally conduct the heat to the upper part of the whole heat-conducting oil, the shown 2006 represents upward heat convection movement, and the liquid has natural upward and downward movement due to the heating, the transverse diffusion mobility exists, so the heat dissipation efficiency is the highest, and the D3F heat dissipation technology utilizes the point, and is not as complex, limited and medium heat exchange as other liquid cooling heat dissipation technologies, and the circulation distance is long, so the heat dissipation technology efficiency of the D3F battery pack is the highest; 2003 is a pipeline port for pumping out cold liquid at the bottom, 2004 is a pipeline port for pumping out hot liquid after heating into the bottom, when the battery pack needs to be heated or when pollution discharge needs to be performed once a day at regular time (set by a management system), a heating liquid pumping pump 2007 is started, meanwhile, a channel of an electric valve 2008 is closed, cold silicone oil at the lower part of 2003 is pumped out by the liquid pump and enters an inlet end 24 (see figure 3) in an external heater, the heated silicone oil flows back to 2004 under the other side of the battery pack through an outlet 25 (see figure 3) at the other end of the external heater under high natural pressure and is discharged through a bent porous transverse pipe, so that circulation of the lowest part of the liquid is formed, while a pipe orifice liquid at 2003 is used for pumping out the cold silicone oil, while a liquid pipe orifice at 2004 is used for introducing the hot silicone oil, and when the hot silicone oil flows under a battery cell of the battery pack, naturally conducting heat into the liquid surrounding the battery, rapidly heating the whole cold heat conducting oil, and naturally heating the battery to complete the whole heating or pollution discharge process; 6 and 7 are heat dissipation and heating liquid inlet and outlet pipes which are butt joints with external pipelines; the schematic diagram 2A is that a heat-radiating liquid pump and a heating liquid pump are arranged in or on a battery pack, and two heat-conducting inlet pipes and two heat-conducting outlet pipes are arranged; the schematic diagram 2B is that a heat-radiating liquid pump and a heating liquid pump are arranged at an external heat exchanger, and the battery pack has four liquid inlet and outlet pipes; because under the normal condition that does not start the liquid pump, electric valve 2008 and 2010 are the pipeline and open the state, two or four honeycomb ducts also play the effect of release battery package internal gas pressure, inflation pressure naturally, avoid the further bigger consequence after the battery management system became invalid, let the interior factor of safety of battery package reach the highest.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the connection and flow of the external heat exchanger of the battery pack, and 19 is an external heat exchanger, which can be integrated with an air conditioning system and used for conversion; the 20 shown is a vacuum pump and is used for evacuating air in the heat exchanger, hydrogen (mixed gas) possibly generated by internal short circuit reaction in the battery pack and oxygen possibly generated by electrolysis, keeping the vacuum or low negative pressure state in the box body, setting a program or setting evacuation for several times every day, and aiming at separating out hydrogen or oxygen which can be dissolved in heat conduction oil of the battery pack, so that no gas exists in the battery pack and an external heat exchanger, and the highest safety coefficient is achieved; 21, which is a controller for measuring the air pressure in the heat exchanger, sets the required pressure value to start the vacuum pump; the 22 shown is a low-pressure exhaust valve and is provided with one more safety valve, so that generated gas can be naturally exhausted under the condition that the vacuum pump fails, the battery pack is always in a state without too high atmospheric pressure, and the safety coefficient of the battery pack is further improved; the 27 shown is a blowoff valve, the caliber of the valve is selected to be capable of being connected with an external hose, and the purpose is that when the battery pack needs to be replaced, a heating (blowdown) liquid pump can be started, the blowoff valve is opened, all heat conducting oil is led out, and is filled into a container, and then the battery is refilled after the replacement; the final process of battery pack assembly is that after all batteries, parts, pipelines, modules and the like in all battery packs are installed and fixed, the final sealing positions of all battery cores are brushed by using high-temperature-resistant silicone to play a role of secondary sealing, the battery cores with poor quality are avoided from being sealed untight, finally a sealing gasket is added on the frame of a box body, and the battery packs are tightly sealed by screw compression; the other is that the heat-preservation inner shell and the inner shell of the upper cover are both planar, the design material of the contact part is thickened a little, and the cover is directly welded by hot melting, thus the absolute sealing is! When the battery core needs to be replaced, the battery core is cut off, after sealing is finished, then low-viscosity dimethyl silicon oil is filled, after an external heat exchanger pipeline is connected, the low-viscosity dimethyl silicon oil is added into the external heat exchanger, the total amount is not more than half, and the remaining half of space is used as a buffer space.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view showing the brief introduction of each module of a specific installation on one side, and 2001 and 2004 are liquid inlet pipes on one transverse side of the top and the bottom, the preferable material is a PPR plastic material or a PVC profile (plastic steel), and the material has the advantages of low temperature impact resistance, insulation, hot melt, economy, long service life and the like, and the pipe head of the last section of pipe which turns is blocked, and then two rows of small holes are drilled on the pipe head, so that the pressure reduction effect during drainage and the uniform flow distribution effect are realized; the upright post base plate module 4 is a supporting upright post plate pressed on the upper surface and the bottom of the battery, the materials are all the same, the mutual welding is facilitated, and the bottom upright post base plate can also be selected from aluminum alloy and an insulating paint coating; the support module 18 is used for supporting 2001 side tubes, is made of the same material, can be an independent module, and can also be welded and fixed with an inner shell of a battery pack and upper and lower side tubes; as is apparent from the figure, if the battery pack adopts the 3D three-dimensional heat dissipation method of the present embodiment, a large number of complicated flow guide pipes, flow guide plates, flow guide layers, heat exchange fins, heat exchange films, heat exchange plates, insulating films, composite materials, etc. are not needed, so that the liquid cooling system for heat dissipation, heating and pollution discharge in the whole battery pack can be adopted, the cost is relatively complicated, the technical structure is relatively complex, the cost can be reduced by more than 90%, only the heat conduction oil inlet and outlet pipelines are needed in the battery pack, after the heat conduction oil inlet and outlet pipelines are bent at two sides, holes are drilled, the process is very simple, the cost is very economical, and the heat.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a cylindrical battery grid and a column gasket module, the isolating and fixing grid module 8 is shown, the column upper and lower gaskets 4 are shown, the cylindrical battery grid can be welded and fixed with a frame and an inner shell, a cylindrical battery (electric core) grid round sleeve is designed into a cylindrical ring round, so that the grid sleeve contacts less battery surface, because the battery and the grid sleeve are round, under the isolation of micro-contact of the round grid, each battery and the battery do not have any contact point, the upper and lower parts and the periphery of the battery are soaked by insulating heat conduction oil for 360 degrees, even if 5 triangular spaces are arranged at the isolating grid, the heat conduction silicone oil can naturally flow and dissipate heat without obstruction from the upper part and the lower part, not only can the optimal heat dissipation effect be achieved, but also a space buffer effect is achieved, under the condition that a battery management system fails, when individual batteries are subjected to internal short circuit expansion or explosion, the buffering space avoids puncturing or accident and other good batteries and further avoids the consequences of chain reaction, and the cylindrical battery isolation fence can be customized according to the requirement, can be made into an independent strip, can also be connected into a whole by two strips, can also be made into a sub-frame which is connected into a whole in size, and can also be mutually welded with the frame in a hot melting way.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a 3D space of a cylindrical battery, and the insulated conduction oil 1 is low-viscosity simethicone; it can be seen from the figure that the whole battery (electric core) is surrounded by the heat-conducting oil, no matter the cold circulation of the upper liquid or the heat circulation of the lower liquid, the whole is smooth, and the 3D heat dissipation and heating are realized, so the efficiency is the highest.

Fig. 7 shows a 3D space schematic of a pouch and prismatic cell.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a grid module of a square or soft-package battery, wherein a module grid 14 is shown, a heat-resistant PPR or PVC profile (plastic steel) is selected as a material, and the module grid can be formed at one time, and can be welded by hot melting, so that an isolation and fixing effect can be achieved, the height of a grid frame (cross-shaped upright post) is designed according to the height of a mounted battery (a battery cell and an individual unit battery), and the number of connected small frames is designed according to needs, so that the grid module of the battery pack is not only simple in structure and low in cost, but also is very fast in battery assembly, can be streamlined, and is very fast in manual assembly and can be inserted in a row; the cross-shaped grid is designed to have few contact surfaces with the battery (electric core), more insulating heat-conducting silicone oil 1 can be contacted with the surface of each battery 5, the upper part, the lower part and the four sides (optional) can be radiated without obstruction, the defect of heat obstruction is avoided, heat trapped by various media can not be resisted, the cross-shaped grid can ensure that spaces are formed on the four sides between the battery and full flexible heat-conducting liquid, the heat exchanger penetrating through the outside has height, the hydraulic effect can be realized, the natural bulge of a soft package battery is reduced, the compaction effect of a hard shell battery is realized, the bulge has a buffering space when an adverse battery is subjected to internal short circuit, other liquid cooling heat radiation modes have hard media such as a heat exchange aluminum alloy porous plate, a composite liquid plate, a metal flow guide belt and a flat pipe, or a plurality of unit batteries are stacked together, the expansion buffering space is not existed, and the result that the whole battery core is damaged and the whole group is scrapped can be, and further chain reaction, which is also one of the reasons for spontaneous combustion of the soft package battery.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a frame structure of a battery pack case, where 9A is a plan view of a partial frame of a battery pack, 9B is a structural diagram showing a side section frame of the battery pack, and the outer case 2 of the battery pack (case) is made of metal, and can be made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy formed at one time, and mainly plays a role in protection; the vacuum inner shell 3 (inner layer) is made of high-temperature-resistant PPR or flame-retardant PVC (polyvinyl chloride) profile materials, and is beneficial to welding with a battery pack frame, when the vacuum inner shell of the battery pack is manufactured, a plastic-steel interlayer heat insulation plate can be formed at one step, or the plate can be manufactured firstly, then the plate is cut to a proper size, the air in the vacuum inner shell is pumped out and sealed, and then the vacuum inner shell is butt-welded to form a box body; the grid material of the battery pack fixing frame 13 is also selected from the same plastic material, so that the grid can be conveniently welded with the heat-preservation inner shell to form an integral body; the battery package flame retardant coating 16 shown, the flame retardant coating is selective, selects according to actual need, and between battery package heat retaining interior casing and outer metal casing, it is right to select suitable fire prevention material, mainly plays when preventing that the accident from receiving the striking, if the outside conflagration breaks out, can protect the battery package, avoids further consequence.

The aluminum alloy interlayer backing plate 15 can be placed at the bottom layer and the upper layer of a metal shell in a battery pack, can also be placed below the battery pack to serve as a tray, and can also be formed with the aluminum alloy shell in one step to protect a frame structure of the battery pack and strongly support a chassis frame of an automobile, so that the chassis frame of the automobile body is deformed and extruded to the battery pack when the side impact is prevented, a layer of aluminum alloy interlayer plate is arranged at the bottom of the chassis frame to buffer, the battery pack can be protected from being impacted by ground foreign matters, and the deformation of the battery pack, the damage of the battery, the extrusion short circuit of a circuit and the; the embodiment also provides a structure, the square tube welded on the chassis frame is filled with cut multilayer aluminum alloy square tubes or plates in the transverse direction, the chassis frame is made into a reinforced concrete principle, the weight is not increased, the welding and drilling are not affected, and the supporting force of the chassis frame can be greatly improved.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the main circuit and the liquid pipe of the battery pack, 13 is a frame of the battery pack or the battery pack, 9 is a main circuit of the positive electrode, 10 is a main circuit of the negative electrode, 12 is a liquid pipe of heat conducting oil, the main circuit is arranged below the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the main circuit is distributed on two sides of a cylinder of the liquid pipe and is separated by a convex pipe and a vertical column pressing plate (see fig. 4), for the cylindrical battery circuit, the position circuit on the liquid pipes on two sides only places the main circuit of the positive electrode, the main circuit of the negative electrode can be placed at the middle position 13, and as can be seen from the figure, the distribution mode of each path is that a certain distance is reserved between the live wire and the zero wire, the main circuit of the positive electrode and the negative electrode can be prevented from being extruded by external force, the protection setting arrangement can be simplified, the layout is flexible, the, cost is reduced, shown 17, is safe subassembly, including overcharge overdischarge protection, voltage release device, fuse, temperature sensor etc. also can install battery management system integrated component, does not occupy the space in the group battery, and multiplicable or increase battery (electric core) like this improves the battery package total electric quantity.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing frame structures of different shapes of a battery pack, showing a positive electrode main line 9, showing a negative electrode main line 10, showing a heat transfer oil inlet and outlet pipe 11, showing a heat transfer oil inlet and outlet pipe 12, which can be selected on a battery pack or parallel to a protruding part of the battery pack as required, and selecting a battery pack frame with a customized shape according to different layouts of a vehicle motor, wherein a battery management system and a heat exchange system can be comprehensively installed.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides an overheated spontaneous combustion prevention explosion-proof system that prevents of battery package, its characterized in that includes battery package, outer heat exchanger, vacuum pump, the battery package in be provided with the box, be provided with column plate module and primary and secondary formula cross module in the box, let each battery or each battery module form 3D heat dissipation space around the upper and lower through column plate module and primary and secondary formula cross module.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the box is provided with an upright base plate and a pressing plate module, and a primary and secondary cross-shaped battery grid module or a micro-contact circular grid module, and the upright base plate and the pressing plate module, and the primary and secondary cross-shaped battery grid module or the micro-contact circular grid module are combined to form a 3D (three-dimensional) heat dissipation space; the column plate module is provided with small columns with gaps, and the small columns are pressed on the upper surface of the battery and under the battery, so that liquid can flow in the upper part and the lower part of the battery without obstruction.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the primary and secondary cross-shaped cell grid modules comprise cross-shaped columns and transverse connecting strips at upper and lower portions.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the battery pack comprises a heat transfer oil inlet and outlet pipe, the last pipe of the heat transfer oil inlet and outlet pipe is blocked at an outlet, and two rows of small holes are drilled on the pipe and are optionally welded and fixed on the inner shell.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the external heat exchanger is provided with a vacuum pump and a variable line.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the protection of the battery pack is selected from chassis frames of the protection, and cut-off multi-layer aluminum alloy square tubes or plates can be filled in the square tubes welded to the frames.

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